Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats Analysis Research Articles

SWOT analyses of high-temperature phase change materials for thermal energy storage

High-Temperature Latent heat thermal energy storage (HTLHTES) is gaining importance to store thermal energy at high temperature. Large storage capacity, compact system and near-isothermal operating conditions are some of the added advantages of LHTES over sensible heat thermal energy storage (SHTES). HTLHTES system uses phase change material (PCM) to store thermal energy. This research identifies the possible integration of HTLHTES in Concentrated Solar power (CSP) plant at high-temperature. Energy storage improves the dispatchability of CSP plants. At high temperature, thermal reliability and corrosion behaviour of PCM are significant challenges. A detailed analysis of state-of-art technology and recent advancement in the field of high-temperature PCM are presented while focusing on problems and its solutions. The report is summarised in strength-Weakness-Opportunities-threats (SWOT) table on parameters like thermophysical properties, material response and corrosion behaviour of PCM. SWOT results highlight the strength, weakness of PCM and opportunities and threats for future research of high-temperature PCM. At present, the authors of this study are investigating the phase change behaviour of Al-Si alloys through modelling and simulation. SWOT analysis of this alloy, when compared to other PCMs, is done to understand the applicability of the alloy as LHTES. In this study, the authors also proposed a thermophysical property-based newer approach to compare PCMs.

Strengths-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats Analysis for a Pediatric Anesthesia Program.

Background:Risk management in healthcare institutions begins by first identifying the potential risks within a certain organization or specific area and then goes on to develop further strategies to reduce harm. The most common tool for this type of analysis is Strengths–Weaknesses–Opportunities–Threats (SWOT).Methods:We conducted a SWOT analysis in our pediatric anesthesia program: key factors were identified in a matrix, prioritized in a score table, represented in a graph, and finally analyzed.Results:Items obtained partial scores from 20 to 120. The item “lack of clinical protocols” was given greater weight (60) and received a lower value (1), resulting in the highest partial score (60) among the negative key factors and indicating a need for greater efforts to improve this specific aspect.Conclusion:The SWOT tool proved effective in identifying safety and quality key factors, and it provided information for initiating an improvement program.

STRATEGI PEMASARAN TAKSI BANDARA NGURAH RAI DENGAN METODE BGC (BOSTON CONSULTING GROUP)

The purpose of this research is to find out the right marketing strategies and competitiveness by identifying and analyzing the internal and external environment that affect the Ngurah Rai Airport Taxi Cooperative. In this study using marketing strategy analysis, namely BCG/Boston Consulting Group Matrix and SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threats) analysis. BCG matrix to determine the level of market growth and relative market share. SWOT analysis to analyze strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, then using segmenting, targeting, positioning/STP and 7P (marketing mix) results of the data obtained and then analyzed with IFAS and EFAS. The types of data used in this study are qualitative and quantitative data, primary and secondary data. Determination of samples in this study using purposive sampling method as many as 50 respondents. Data collection techniques by observation, questionnaires, structured interviews, and literature study. The results of the BCG matrix research, based on the calculation of the market growth rate is 1.35% and the result of the calculation of the relative market share is 1.45 x> 1 so that it is in the position of Cash Cow. The marketing strategy that can be carried out by the Ngurah Rai Airport Taxi Cooperative is to maintain the market, create new products, find new businesses. The strategy offered in the Cash Cow quadrant the company must always keep the company in a stable condition. The results of the SWOT analysis study from IFAS assessment were 2.66 and EFAS was 2.28. Then the position of the SWOT diagram is Growth Stability which is the company must determine efforts to strengthen market share, increase sales, pursue large profits by diversifying/expanding the market.

THE POSSIBILITY OF DEMOCRACY IN SYRIA WITH SWOT ANALYSIS TECHNIQUE

Suriye krizinin çözümü ile ülkedeki kalıcı barışın tesis edilmesinde önemli bir faktör olarak görülen demokrasiyi kısaca analiz eden bu çalışma, Suriye için nasıl bir demokrasinin olabileceğini SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats-Güçlü yönleri, Zayıf yönleri, Fırsatlar, Tehditler) analiz bağlamında incelemektedir. Suriye’deki toplumlar arasındaki çatışmalara yol açan faktörlere ve Suriye’deki hükümet ve muhalif unsurlarının demokrasiyle ilgili yaklaşımlarına değinen bu çalışma, Suriye’nin toprak bütünlüğü dahilinde bütün farklı etnik, dinsel ve mezhepsel unsurların barış içinde demokratik bir yapıda yaşamaları konusunda fırsat alanlarını araştırmaktadır. Çok katmanlı toplum görüntüsünü veren Suriye toplumunun sosyal yapısı ile siyasal özelliklerini dikkate alarak demokrasi yönünden Suriye’nin güçlü ve zayıf yönlerini inceleyen çalışmamız bu konuda fırsatların ve tehditlerin neler olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.

SWOT Analysis of Oncology Clinical Trials in Africa: A Town Hall Report From the Global Congress on Oncology Clinical Trials in Blacks.

Cancer is rapidly becoming a public health crisis as a result of the continued growth and ageing of the global population and will greatly affect resource-limited low- to middle-income countries. It is widely acknowledged that research should be conducted within countries that will bear the greatest burden of disease, and Africa has the unparalleled opportunity to lead the way in developing clinical trials to improve the health of its countries. In 2018, the inaugural Global Congress on Oncology Clinical Trials in Blacks was organized to address the global challenges of clinical trials for oncology among black populations. During this event, researchers, scientists, and advocates participated in a town hall meeting where they explored the status of oncology clinical trials in Africa using the SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) approach. Participants discussed noteworthy successes, significant barriers, and opportunities to address gaps in developing a sustainable clinical research framework. Many comments centered on the lack of funding and inadequate infrastructure affecting most African countries. Others noted important successes, such as thriving collaborations among institutions and improved political commitment in support of clinical research. The main objectives of the town hall session were to share knowledge on and discuss advantages and disadvantages of conducting clinical research in Africa. These discussions are invaluable in developing interventions and policies that improve clinical research capabilities in Africa.

Towards a sustainable distributed energy system in China: decision-making for strategies and policy implications

BackgroundThe conflict between the Chinese fossil fuel-based economy and worsening environmental conditions requires further research to be carried out. Due to their clean, highly-efficient and flexible properties, distributed energy systems (DESs) have become a global research focus in the field of energy conservation. China, as the largest coal-fired energy user and highest power consumer in the world, has to conduct further research and apply the DESs to resolve the conflict. This study aims to provide a comprehensive review of DES development in China as well as improvement suggestions for the development of DESs by use of scientific analysis.MethodsThe analysis of strengths-weaknesses-opportunities threats (SWOT) was adapted for the analysis of improvement strategies. The directions for how to improve the application of these strategies were selected by the prioritization method of analytic hierarchy processes (AHP) and evaluated by the best-worst method (BWM). The suggestions were provided according to the ranks figured out by AHP and BWM. Five enablers were selected from the respective economic, environmental, technological and social aspects for participating in this analysis.ResultsResulting from the SWOT analysis, capital investment, technology development and regulation completeness are three aspects of strategies summarized as SO strategies, ST strategies, WO strategies and WT strategies. The research perspectives of DESs that are suggested for investment, technology development and regulation completeness are illustrated by AHP and BWM. The results show that the reduction of solid particle emissions, the improvement of generation reliability, the improvement of the production rate, the reduction of production costs, the improvement of on-site safety, the fulfilment of electricity demand, the reduction of noxious gas emissions as well as the improvement of energy efficiency need to be carried out for the sake of environmental protection and quality of DES generation in China.ConclusionsThere are high potentials for China to further develop and apply DES approaches. The direction of current development might be set to solve three problematic aspects, which are capital investment, technology development and regulation completeness.

STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH DALAM PENGEMBANGKAN WISATA EDUKASI DI KOTA BALIKPAPAN PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TIMUR

Waste Management Strategy in Developing Educational Tourism in Balikpapan City, East Kalimantan Province. The research objective was to find out strategies in the development of waste management education tourism carried out by the Office Technical Implementation Unit of Manggar’s Waste Processing Site. In addition, this study also aims to find out the implementing organization and the forms of cooperation carried out in developing waste management education tourism. The method used in this study is action research. The author examines the definition of action research into a field study with data collection techniques in the form of observation, documentation, and interviews. The results of the research findings were analyzed by the SWOT (strength, weakness, opportunities, threats) analysis model. The result is that the strategy for developing the Final Disposal Site in Manggar as a means of production, education, and recreation is based on the master plan of the Department of Landscaping and Funeral Services of Balikpapan City.

An ANFIS-based compatibility scorecard for IoT integration in websites

Cyber-physical systems and Internet of Things (IoT) form two different levels of the vertical digital integration. Integration of websites with IoT-connected devices has compelled creation of new web design and development strategies where websites are designed keeping in mind the permutations of smart devices. The design should be seamless across different devices and the website design company or web designer should be well informed and aware of the different considerations for design with IoT interactions. In this work, we expound the effectiveness of IoT integration in website design. To realize an IoT-powered IT ecosystem as an essential technology for improving customer experience, a strength–weakness–opportunity–threat analysis is done. Further, with an intent to apprehend the integration support that an existing GUI front end may provide to a smart device, an ANFIS model is proposed to determine the compatibility of an e-commerce website for integration with IoT devices. A dataset of 600 e-commerce websites from .com domain is used to train and test the learning model. Seven features (page loading speed, broken links, browser compatibility, resolution, total size, privacy and security, and interface and typography) which impact the compatibility of IoT integration in websites have been used. Evaluation criteria for assigning score to each feature has been identified. Finally, the compatibility score, the IoTScoresite which evaluates the websites’ integration capabilities and support to IoT devices is generated by adding all the feature scores. The preliminary results generated using the prediction model clearly determine the worthiness of website for IoT integration.

Developing strategies for patient safety implementation: a national study in Iran.

Today, healthcare organizations focus mainly on development and implementation of patient safety strategic plan to improve quality and ensure safety of provided services. The purpose of this paper is to recommend potential strategies for successful implementation of patient safety program in Iranian hospitals based on a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats (SWOT) analysis. In this qualitative study, key informant interviews and documentation review were done to identify strength and weakness points of Iranian hospitals in addition to opportunities and threats facing them in successful implementation of a patient safety program. Accordingly, the research team formulated main patient safety strategies and consequently prioritized them based on Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) matrix. The study recommended some of the potential patient safety strategies including provision of education for employees, promoting a safety culture in hospitals, managerial support and accountability, creating a safe and high-quality delivery environment, developing national legislations for hospital staff to comply with patient safety standards and developing a continuous monitoring system for quality improvement and patient safety activities to ensure the achievement of predetermined goals. Developing a comprehensive and integrated strategic plan for patient safety based on accurate information about the health system's weaknesses, strengths, opportunities and threats and trying to implement the plan in accordance with patient safety principles can help hospitals achieve great success. Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOHME) conducted a national study to recommend potential strategies for successful implementation of patient safety in Iranian hospitals based on a SWOT analysis and QSPM matrix.

Selecting a location for establishing a rail-road intermodal terminal by using a hybrid SWOT/MCDM model

The study proposes a methodology based on the combination of Strengths-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats (SWOT) analysis and Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods for selecting the most appropriate location for establishing an intermodal terminal. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment of Evaluations (PROMETHEE) are the MCDM methods used in the paper. The methodology contains four steps. In the first step we determine the alternatives variants of the location of intermodal terminal. In the second step the SWOT analysis have been applied to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats related to the surveyed system. The sub-criteria for each SWOT group have been defined. A total of 33 criteria are included in the study. Third step includes determination of weights of main criteria and sub-criteria by applying AHP method. The results of weights given in this step are used in the four step to ranking the alternative variants of the intermodal terminal location by using PROMETHEE method. The methodology has been approved for choosing the location of intermodal terminal in the city of Ruse. Five alternative locations of intermodal terminal have been studied. The results show that main importance of SWOT group has the strengths group criteria (0.471). It was found that the internal factors including the strengths and weaknesses have more important compared to the external factors including the opportunities and threats when studying the location of intermodal terminal. It was found that the main importance of all sub-criteria have the quantity of manipulated containers (9%), connectivity to road infrastructure (6%), rail connection with a port (5%) and average useful length of railway tracks used for loading/unloading activities (5%). The study shows that location that is situated in the place of the suspended Ruse-East railway yard is the best alternative for intermodal terminal location.

The Analysis on The Formulation of Integrated Pest Management Policy Strategy by Using Swot-AHP Method (A Case Study on Vegetable Plant Cultivation in Lampung Province)

The objective of this research was to formulate a policy strategy for integrated pest management by using SWOT AHP methods (case study on vegetable cultivation in Lampung Province). This method used A’WOT; the combination of AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) analysis and SWOT (Strength-Weakness-Opportunity-Threat) analysis. The analysis result showed the main strength factors becoming the base for sustainable agricultural business were the availability of good structures and infrastructures both in production and marketing, and the availability of sufficient production structure (seeds) with good quality and quantity. The weakness factors becoming concern were dominantly lack of institutional funding (capital) for vegetable business, many problems in the integrated pest management (IPM) technology implementation stage, many problems in good agriculture practices (GAP), and numbers of families making their life as farmers. The opportunity factors were the availability of IPM and GAP technologies, growing campaign for consuming domestic products reducing import, and high government commitment to improve vegetable farmers’ welfare. The threats to concern were no protection operational base and farmer’s empowerment, very few institutional funding (capital) for vegetable business, and many problems in the GAP and technology implementation. Six strategies becoming priority in order were drafting the regulation and standard of operation that regulate IPM and GAP implementations; strengthening farmer’ institution, capital and agricultural insurance; drafting legality of operational protection and farmer’s empowerment; agricultural intensification in order to improve quantity, quality, safety, and environmental insight for food security and independency; optimization of technology transfer by socialization or education of IPM and GAP for vegetable crops; and inexpensive IPM system based controlling technology development and effective and efficient of alternative production structures.

Earthquake preparedness in higher education structures

PurposeUniversities and higher education institutes are key pillars of all societies, as the result of their important roles in education, research and training of human resources. Nevertheless, similar to other social structures, universities need to be prepared for natural disasters. This study aims to measure and analyze the level of earthquake preparedness in a higher education institute in Tehran, Iran.Design/methodology/approachThis cross-sectional study was conducted in 2017 in a higher education institute through three stages of tool, namely, development, preparedness evaluation and strength–weakness–opportunity–threat analysis. The valid and reliable tool was applied for assessment of college preparedness through a field survey. Factors affecting the obtained level of preparedness were categorized into internal (strengths and weaknesses) and external (opportunities and threats) factors to decide on an appropriate strategy for promoting the preparedness level.FindingsContent validity index and content validity ratio of the tool were 88 and 98.85 per cent, respectively. The reliability of the tool was measured to be 98 per cent using the kappa coefficient. The level of preparedness was estimated to be weak. The final value of the matrix of internal and external factors was higher than average, which can be improved in the form of strength–opportunity strategy.Originality/valueIt is highly suggested to allocate a specific budget for improvement and evaluation of preparedness measures in all parts of education systems. In addition, making the preparedness measures as the mandatory duty for educational structures can be considered by decision-makers and managers at the national and local levels.

Second-generation preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy in assisted reproduction: a SWOT analysis.

Second-generation preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A 2.0) in patients with an unfavourable reproductive and IVF prognosis is becoming common practice, with the aim of improving reproductive outcomes. However, there is still no clear evidence on the possible advantages and drawbacks with regard to this procedure. In this discussion paper, based on a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) analysis, the different aspects of this strategy are evaluated. Current evidence suggests that PGT-A 2.0 should not at present have an indiscriminate application, but it might be indicated in cases in which the risk of aneuploidy is increased.

The “Fan of the Terre Peligne”: Integrated Enhancement and Valorization of the Archeological and Geological Heritage of an Inner-Mountain Area (Abruzzo, Central Apennines, Italy)

The outstanding cultural heritage of Italy is intimately related to the landscape and its long-lasting history. Besides major cities, famous localities, and park areas, several minor places and areas hide important features that allow the enhancing of inner-mountain and hilly areas as well as local natural reserves. This enhancement is supported by combining different types of cultural tourism, such as the archeological and geological ones. In this paper, an integrated geological–archeological itinerary is presented, which aims to valorize both these aspects in the inner-mountain areas of the central Apennines. The itinerary, called the “Fan of the Terre Peligne”, is focused on the Terre Peligne area located in the Sulmona basin, in the central-eastern part of the Apennines chain (Abruzzo region, central Italy). It is composed of five sectors (one for each of the municipalities included) and incorporates traditional physical tools and digital ones. Here, the evidence of the Apennines formation is preserved from the origin of marine carbonate rocks to their deformation and the landscape shaping. The Terre Peligne intermontane basin became—and still is—one of the main transit areas for crossing the Italian peninsula since before Roman times and here many stages of Italian history are preserved. This allows outlining of the presence of man since prehistoric times, and here the name “Italia” was defined for the first time, in Corfinio, and to testify the connection between human and landscape history. A SWOT (strengths–weaknesses–opportunities–threats) analysis highlighted the main strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Combining geological and archeological elements, which are intimately connected in this area, this itinerary intends to be an instrument for the enhancement and awareness of the natural and cultural heritage of a poorly known area that features outstanding geological, landscape, and human elements of the history of the inner Apennines.

IMPROVEMENT STRATEGY OF EXPORT PERFORMANCE IN SOUTH SULAWESI

The development of new commodities or products that are in line with market needs is a challenge for exporters. The company's export performance reflects the specific behavior of the company in utilizing and managing resources and capabilities effectively in the context of international competition. This study aims to identify what factors influence the increase in export performance of products in South Sulawesi. This study uses a quantitative approach. The method used is indepth interview (in-depth interview), observation and questionnaire. Researchers are required to risk their ability to study more deeply about strategies for improving export performance. Research location in South Sulawesi. The data collected includes primary data and secondary data. The analysis technique in this study is qualitative descriptive, IFAS (Internal Factors Analysis Summary) and EFAS (External Factors Analysis Summary) analysis and SWOT (Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats) analysis to design an ideal export performance strategy. The results show that strong internal and external environmental conditions can support the development and improvement of export performance for companies. This finding can contribute to exporters to determine strategic planning in improving their performance.

In vitro mammalian cell mutation assays based on transgenic reporters: A report of the International Workshop on Genotoxicity Testing (IWGT)

Chemical safety evaluations require assessment of genetic toxicity. Transgenic rodent (TGR) assays permit enumeration of mutations in chromosomally-integrated targets contained in shuttle vectors. In order to improve in vitro mutagenicity assessment, and to substantially reduce animal use, in vitro assays using transgenic reporters have been developed. These assays are based on cells derived from TGRs, or cells transfected with transgenic shuttle vectors containing a mutation target. As part of the 7th International Workshop on Genotoxicity Testing, an In Vitro Mammalian Cell Gene Mutation Assay working group reviewed all published information pertaining to in vitro transgene mutagenicity assays; the utility, advantages and disadvantages of the assays were evaluated and discussed. The review revealed that over 20 TGR-based in vitro assays have been used to assess the mutagenic activity of over 150 agents. Overall, the Working Group considered in vitro transgene mutagenicity assays pragmatic tools for the safety evaluation of new and existing substances. A formal SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) analysis revealed advantages including the use of established scoring protocols, avoidance of laborious clone isolation and enumeration, ability to use metabolically competent primary cells, ability to detect different types of genetic damage, large dynamic range, and complementarity to in vivo TGR endpoints. Disadvantages include lack of validation and little consistency in protocols, the use of specialised reagents, the time and effort required for mutant enumeration, the use of some cell lines that lack metabolic capacity, and the need for multiple assays to cover all mutational mechanisms. Several assays have been partially validated, indicating promising reliability, reproducibility and applicability domain. Once in vitro transgene mutagenicity assays have been more thoroughly validated, they are well placed to augment or replace existing in vitro mammalian cell mutagenicity assays, particularly in cases where the in vivo TGR mutation assay is intended for follow-up.

ANALISIS STRATEGI PEMASARAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE KOMBINASI SWOT (STRENGTH, WEAKNESS, OPPORTUNITY, THREATS) DAN AHP (ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS)

PT. Karya Graha Primanusa is a company engaged in the field of developers and real estate in the city of Malang. As a developer of residential, ruko, townhouse, which serves investors, businessmen, or professionals who need residential or business areas and offices. Housing developed by PT. Karya Graha Primanusa and one of them that ready is De Sartika townhouse at Batu, which is located in Batu city. The marketing strategy used is still not optimal and minimum target expected sales volume is still not achieved. So do the analysis using method Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, Threats (SWOT) based on internal and external factors on the company. Then combined with Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine the best alternative marketing strategy for the company. The purpose of this study is to conduct an analysis to determine marketing strategies used to increase sales volume using a combination of Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, Threats (SWOT) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) in the PT. Karya Graha Primanusa. Based on the analysis and calculations have been done, it can be concluded that the analysis of marketing strategies with a combination of methods Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, Threats (SWOT) and Analytical Hierarcy Process (AHP) can help the marketing division marketing manager in particular, in increasing the volume of housing sales. This result is evidenced by the results of SWOT analysis, the highest weight value is (Strength-Opportunity) with a value of 4.1624 which can be translated as a strategy to use force to take advantage of existing opportunities. In addition the results of the calculation method of AHP also prove strategic priorities S1 with a value of 3.0855, which perform marketing activities by social media (Facebook, Twitter, & Website).Keyword : Strategi Pemasaran, SWOT, AHP, Analisis

Breastfeeding Promotion and Baby-Friendly Health Facilities in Turkey: A Systematic Approach to Scale up the Program

Objectives: In Turkey, Breastfeeding Promotion and Baby-Friendly Health Facilities Program (BFHF) was launched in 1991 with the collaboration of the Ministry of Health (MoH) and United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF). Since 2002, the program has been extended from hospitals to the primary health care services and the community level. This paper aims to present the current status of BFHF and development of new strategies to revitalize the program and thus, to contribute to the progress. Materials and Methods: All information about health facilities and provinces was collected from the database of the Child and Adolescent Health Department. Discussions about Initiative with stakeholder institutions and baby-friendly advocates took place in the National Breastfeeding Committee Meeting and in Annual Breastfeeding Symposium. Then a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) analysis of the Program was performed by the working group. Using this analysis results, new strategies and course of action were identified. Results: The current number of baby-friendly hospitals has reached a total of 1051(69.42% of all hospitals). Of those, 46 were maternity hospitals, which were 93.50% approved as baby-friendly at the end of 2017. Between 2008 and 2017, 120 (%11.42) of those pre-certified hospitals were reassessed. Between 2002 and 2013, all 81 provinces have been designated Baby-Friendly Provinces. Since 2008, 61 of the 81 provinces have been designated Golden Baby-Friendly Provinces and 95% of Family Medicine Units have been certified as baby-friendly. According to the SWOT analysis result, the main strength of the program was strong recognition and support of the BFHF by the government. The difficulties in maintaining of baby-friendly standards in health facilities and inadequate reassessment of pre-certified facilities were determined as the main weaknesses of the BFHF by the working group. Conclusion: To protect, promote and support breastfeeding effectively and to reach the national and global breastfeeding goals, interventions should be planned in a combination of settings by concurrently involving health policies, health systems, home, family and the community.

STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN EKOWISATA DI TAMAN NASIONAL KELIMUTU

Ecotourism development strategy in Kelimutu National Park (KNP) is very necessary because KNP has enormous potential for ecotourism development. The potential is either in the form of flora, fauna, geology, environmental beauty, and cultural potential of the surrounding community. The aims of this study are to know the right strategy in ecotourism development and determine the priority scale of ecotourism pathways development in KNP. This study uses a case study approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews of KNP management, stakeholders in the management of ecotourism of KNP, communities around KNP, and observation. The data were analyzed using stakeholders analysis to determine the stakholders that involved on ecotourism management in KNP, SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, Threats) analysis to determine the right strategy in ecotourism management, and AHP (Analysis Hierarcy Process) to determine the priority scale of ecotourism development from several ecotourism pathway in KNP. The results show that the most appropriate strategy in the development of ecotourism in KNP is offensive strategy (taking advantage of opportunities and strengths owned), and ecotourism pathway that get the first priority to be developed is the Moni Pathway, the second is Wologai Pathway, the third is Sokoria Pathway, and the fourth is Niowula Pathway.

Introducing clinical ethics consultation service in Malaysia: A SWOT analysis

Clinical ethics consultation service remains undeveloped in developing countries. It is recognised that its introduction poses challenges. Malaysia, a multicultural society with diverse religions, values and perceptions further complicate the introduction of formal clinical ethics consultation service. Clinicians attending a national congress workshop completed a Strengths–Weaknesses–Opportunities–Threats analysis. The aim was to gain insight into clinician’s expectations and promote initiatives leading to the introduction of clinical ethics consultation service. Clinicians agree that clinical ethics consultation service can improve quality of care, reduce healthcare costs and advocate for patients and providers. The analysis highlighted constraints in sufficient critical mass of relevant expertise and restricted opportunities for training. The opportunities lie in education, curriculum development and availability of dedicated proponents. Cultural barriers, limited resources, lack of awareness, differences in opinions, fear of litigation and destructive influence of social media are seen as threats to the introduction of clinical ethics consultation service. This study illustrates the value of involving stakeholders when introducing clinical ethics consultation service formally. The issues identified will inform the strategic directions for the delivery of clinical ethics consultation service at a national level.