Strength Of Correlation Research Articles

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE LEVEL OF PARENTAL KNOWLEDGE AND THE INCIDENCE OF DIARRHEA IN CHILDREN UNDER FIVE YEARS OF AGE IN HOSPITAL INPATIENT ROOMS

Diarrheal diseases are still a concern, especially in children's health. The main cause of death in diarrhea is due to dehydration resulting in fluid and electrolyte loss. One of the factors that influence the incidence of diarrhea in children is parental knowledge. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between parental knowledge and the incidence of diarrhea in children under five years of age at Santo Antonio Baturaja Hospital, South Sumatra. This study used a cross sectional design, namely the level of parental knowledge (independent variable) to the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers (dependent variable). Sampling in this study using accidental sampling technique using the slovin formula as many as 52 respondents. This study was conducted in the inpatient room of Santo Antonio Baturaja Hospital, South Sumatra. Data collection used a questionnaire of parental knowledge about diarrhea that had been tested for validity and reliability. The results showed that most of the 24 respondents (46.2%) had a good level of knowledge of parents of children under five years of age and most of the 33 respondents (63.5%) had acute diarrhea. The results of statistical analysis using Spearman obtained a p value of 0.0001 and r = 0.455 which means that there is a relationship between parental knowledge and the incidence of diarrhea in children under five years of age at Santo Antonio Baturaja Hospital with moderate correlation strength. Researchers suggest that education for parents about diarrhea in toddlers should be provided so that they can better prevent and manage diarrhea cases.

Rumination in dementia and its relationship with depression, anxiety, and attentional biases

ABSTRACT Rumination (self-referential and repetitive thinking), attentional biases (AB), and impaired cognitive control are theorized as being integral factors in depression and anxiety. Yet, research examining the relationship between rumination, mood, and AB for populations with reduced cognitive control, e.g., people living with dementia (PwD), is lacking. To explore whether literature-based relationships are demonstrated in dementia, PwD (n = 64) and healthy controls (HC) (n = 75) completed an online self-report survey measuring rumination and mood (twice), and a telephone cognitive status interview (once). Rumination was measured as an emotion-regulation style, thinking style, and response to depression. We examined the test-retest reliability of PwD’s (n = 50) ruminative-scale responses, ruminative-scale internal consistency, and correlations between rumination, age, cognitive ability, and mood scores. Also, nine participants (PwD = 6, HC = 3) completed an AB measure via eye-tracking. Participants fixated on a cross, naturally viewed pairs of facial images conveying sad, angry, happy, and neutral emotions, and then fixated on a dot. Exploratory analyses of emotional-face dwell-times versus rumination and mood scores were conducted. Except for the HC group’s reflective response to depression measure, rumination measures were reliable, and correlation strengths between rumination and mood scores (.29 to .79) were in line with literature for both groups. For the AB measure subgroup, ruminative thinking style scores and angry-face metrics were negatively correlated. The results of this study show that literature-based relationships between rumination, depression, and anxiety are demonstrated in dementia, but the relationship between rumination and AB requires further investigation.

Precision fMRI reveals that the language network exhibits adult-like left-hemispheric lateralization by 4 years of age.

Language is the most canonical function that shows a strong hemispheric asymmetry in adult brains. However, whether the language system is already lateralized to the left hemisphere early in development has long been debated, given that early left-hemisphere damage often leaves language processing unimpaired. We examined the developmental trajectory of language lateralization in two large-scale pediatric datasets using robust individual-subject fMRI approaches. We found that the language system exhibits adult-like left-hemispheric lateralization by age 4, although other aspects of the neural infrastructure for language show a clear change between age 4 and late childhood. These findings challengethe claim that the language system is bilateral during early development and call for alternative accounts of early hemispheric equipotentiality for language.

The Relationship Between PM2.5 Concentration and Meteorological Parameters at Sherubtse College, Eastern Bhutan

This study was conducted at Sherubtse College located at Kanglung gewog under Trashigang dzongkhag to validate the relationship between PM2.5 concentration and meteorological parameters. R Studio version 2023.09.1+494 and Microsoft Excel 2019 were used to analyze and visually represent the data. Karl Pearson correlation was used to correlate concentration of PM2.5 to the metrological factors. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of metrological factors on the concentration of PM2.5 and to determine annual and seasonal variations associated with PM2.5 concentration. The study showed that 113 days in 2022 had crossed the WHO 24 hours limit of PM2.5 concentration. The study indicated that PM2.5 had strongest correlation with temperature (r = -0.41) followed by precipitation (r = -0.17). However, there was difference in the strength of correlation in various season. The study also concluded that the intensity of rain is inversely proportional to the concentration of PM2.5. Furthermore, the concentration of PM2.5 is dominated by the wind flowing from the southern area from the study location. Thus, this study suggests that the variation in concentration of PM2.5 should be considered during policy formulation and for better health of people living in Kanglung gewog and across the country.

Associations between CDH1 gene polymorphisms and the risk of gastric cancer: A meta-analysis based on 44 studies.

Numerous studies have investigated the association between CDH1 polymorphisms and gastric cancer (GC) risk. However, the results have been inconsistent and controversial. To further determine whether CDH1 polymorphisms increase the risk of GC, we conducted a meta-analysis by pooling the data. Relevant case-control studies were collected from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane databases up to January 7, 2024. Subsequently, odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate the strength of correlations. A sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the robustness and reliability of these included studies. A total of 25 articles including 44 studies, were included in this meta-analysis, including 26 studies on rs16260, 6 studies on rs3743674, 7 studies on rs5030625, and 5 studies on rs1801552. The pooled results showed that rs16260 was remarkably associated with an increased GC risk of GC among Caucasians. Moreover, the rs5030625 variation dramatically enhanced GC predisposition in the Asian population. However, no evident correlations between CDH1 rs3743674 and rs1801552 polymorphisms and GC risk were observed. Our findings suggested that CDH1 gene polymorphisms were significantly correlated with GC risk, especially in rs16260 and rs5030625 polymorphisms.

Element composition of several marine macrophytes (Crimea, Black Sea) and correlations with the element abundances in sediments and seawater

The study of the element accumulation in marine plants against the backdrop of permanently increasing environmental pollution is of particular importance due to the participation of these plants in biogeochemical cycles. The element abundances are highly variable and depend on both the macrophyte species and environment. The purpose of this study was to analyze the elemental composition of widespread marine plants of different taxonomic affiliations collected in the same area of the Black Sea coast. The contents of 74 elements in three species of lower (red, brown, green algae) and one species of higher plants (seagrass) were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. High contents of most elements were found in the red alga Ceramium ciliatum and in rhizomes of the seagrass Zostera noltei. In C. ciliatum, high metal bioaccumulation factors were found, which are dependent also on their concentration in the environment. Compared to the higher plant, all the macroalgae accumulated increased amounts of As and I. The seagrass proved to be a good concentrator of Mo and Sb, and relatively high contents of Mn, Co, Ni, Zn, Cd and Ir were registered in its leaves. High contents of Mg, S, Ge, Se and Ta were found in the green alga Ulva rigida, and elevated levels of Al, As, Sr, Zr, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Ba and Re were noted in the brown alga Gongolaria barbata. The enrichment factors for most elements in the sediments were well above 1 with respect to both the local Late Pleistocene sediments and the upper continental crust. The strength of correlations between the element contents in the plants and sediments was found to decrease with the specific surface area growth and appeared to have a lower asymptotic limit of the sediments–seawater correlation strength.

Elevational range size of the breeding bird assemblages and its relationships with richness in the Eastern Himalayas

Species range size reflects the underlying niche of species and directly affects the spatial pattern of species richness. However, the exploration of community mean range size has received relatively limited attention compared to the emphasis on species richness patterns. Additionally, few studies have tested how the rescue effect (the proximity of the distribution limits of potentially interacting species) relates to species richness. In this study, we used a two-year dataset of breeding birds along an elevational gradient in the Lebu Valley, Eastern Himalayas of China, aiming to explore (a) the association between the mean elevational range size of bird community and elevation, using three different ways to calculate the mean elevational range size (Stevens' method, midpoint method and specimen method), (b) examine the influence of drivers (including temperature seasonality, precipitation seasonality, net primary productivity, habitat diversity, geometric constraint, and interspecific competition) on the mean elevational range size pattern, and (c) investigate the effect of rescue effect on species richness pattern. Our results showed that the pattern of mean elevational range size and its underlying drivers vary significantly depending on the assessment method used. Using Stevens' method, which were calculated based on species occurrences, we observed a low-plateau pattern in mean elevational range size. In contrast, the midpoint and specimen methods, which calculate based on the species' distributing midpoint and abundance center, respectively, revealed a mid-peak pattern. Besides, our study supports several ecological hypotheses, including the ambient energy hypothesis, mid-domain hypothesis, and interspecific competition hypothesis. Furthermore, we found that geometric constraints and interspecific competition were the most influential predictors of mean elevational range size patterns, irrespective of the calculation method. Additionally, a significantly positive correlation was observed between the overlap of range margins and species richness, suggesting a contribution of the rescue effect to species richness patterns. The significance of the correlation is associated with the definition of species range size boundaries. Remarkably, this correlation becomes significant only when species range margins reach their 43 % threshold; beyond the 78 % range margin, the increase in correlation strength becomes minimal. Moreover, the rescue effect from low-elevation species was significantly more pronounced than that from high-elevation species, resulting in a species richness hump skewed towards lower elevations. Our findings contribute to validating the applicability and limitations of hypotheses related to species distribution, enhancing both theoretical and empirical aspects of research. This provides deeper insights for a more comprehensive and profound understanding of the local dynamics and interactions within the ecosystem.

Correlations between amplitude rheovasographic indicators of the crus and anthropometric dimensions in volleyball players women of different somatotypes

Somatotypological features of the body can be considered as a lever of sports achievements, because they have an effect on the efficiency of the energy supply system, physical capacity, ability to adapt, and the state of the cardiovascular system. The purpose of our work is to reveal the correlations between the amplitude parameters of the crus rheovasogram and anthropometric indices in young volleyball players women of different somatotypes. A comprehensive clinical and laboratory study of the state of health and physical development of 108 volleyball players women aged 16-20 years (youth period of ontogenesis) of high sports ranks (from II adult to masters of sports) was conducted. Rheovasographic parameters of the crus in volleyball players women were determined by the method of tetrapolar rheocardiography on a certified computer diagnostic multifunctional complex. Anthropometric determination of the total dimensions of the body and chest, pelvis, limbs, and head was performed according to the recommendations of Shaparenko P. P. (2000), somatotypological – according to the Heath-Carter calculation method (1990). After somatotyping, it was established that 28 women volleyball players belonged to the mesomorphic type of constitution, 27 women athletes were assigned to the ectomorphic and ecto-mesomorphic somatotypes each, and 26 women volleyball players belonged to the medium intermediate type. The analysis of the obtained results was carried out in the license program "Statistica 5.5" using correlation analysis according to Spearman. We found that highly professional women volleyball players, who have different body types, differ in the strength and number of significant correlations between the amplitude rheovasographic parameters of the crus and anthropometric dimensions. The most numerous (18.64 % of the possible correlations, of which 6.82 % are reliable) and the strongest (3 strong with a correlation coefficient from -0.64 to -0.73) correlations between the amplitude indicators of the crus rheovasogram and parameters of the external body structure were recorded in volleyball players women of the middle intermediate somatotype. Ectomorphs had the lowest number and strength of relationships (3.18 % of possible correlations, only 1 reliable). Individual longitudinal dimensions of the body, chest girths and its diameters, transverse dimensions of the pelvis, and skinfold thickness were most often correlated with the amplitude indicators of the crus rheovasogram in women volleyball players of various constitutional types. Determining the features of the correlations is the basis for assessing the harmony of the physical development of women volleyball players and conducting further statistical modeling to determine their appropriate crus rheovasographic indicators.

Correlated non-Gaussian and Gaussian noises induced transition and mean first-passage time in a fractional-order bistable system

The transition and mean first-passage time(MFPT) in a fractional-order bistable system, excited by multiplicative non-Gaussian noise and additive Gaussian white noise, are investigated. Utilizing the fractional-order minimum mean square error criterion and the path integral approach, we derive approximate expressions for both the steady-state probability distribution function and the MFPT. The results show that the noise correlation strength, non-Gaussian parameter, Gaussian noise strength and fractional order can induce phase transitions. The MFPT exhibits a peak as a function of non-Gaussian noise intensity, demonstrating the noise-enhanced stability phenomenon, while the MFPT displays a consistent, monotonic relationship as a function of Gaussian white noise intensity. Numerical simulations are conducted to validate theoretical results, which show a reasonably high degree of consistency.

Pengaruh Nursery Rhymes terhadap Kemampuan Kosakata Reseptif pada Anak Usia Prasekolah di TK Negeri Pembina Trenggalek

Abstract Background: Nursery Rhymes is a song that is specifically made for children, that range from simple but happy notes and consist of lyrics that have specific meaning. While some rhymes seem designed purely to amuse, others are didactic and educational. Educational experts believe that nursery rhymes can sharpen children’s language skills. Through nursery rhymes, children can learn and understand many new vocabulary. Objectives: This study aims to find out the effect of nursery rhymes on receptive vocabulary skills in preschool children at TK Negeri Pembina Trenggalek. Methods: This study is a quantitative study with cross-sectional design. The sampling technique used in this study was purposive sampling with 52 respondents. The instruments used in this study were a nursery rhymes usage questionnaire and a receptive vocabulary skills test (Receptive One-Word Picture Vocabulary Test). The statistical test used in this study was Kendall's Tau. Results: The result of Kendall's Tau test showed a ρ value of 0.001 (ρ < 0.05) and a correlation strength of 0.428. This means that there is an effect of nursery rhymes on receptive vocabulary skills, with moderate correlation strength and positive correlation direction. That is, the more often children use nursery rhymes, the higher receptive vocabulary skills they have. Conclusion: There is an effect of nursery rhymes on receptive vocabulary skills in preschool children at TK Negeri Pembina Trenggalek. Keyword: nursery rhymes, receptive vocabulary skills, preschool children

Exploring the correlation and difference between cerebrospinal fluid in the lateral ventricle and lumbar subarachnoid based on infants with intraventricular hemorrhage treated by the ommaya reservoir

ObjectiveTo explore the relationship and difference between ventricular and lumbar cerebrospinal fluid(CSF), this study presents equations transforming their measures. By assessing the viability of substituting lumbar puncture, we aim to minimize the associated medical risks and trauma faced by infants with intraventricular hemorrhage(IVH) from anesthesia and lumbar puncture. MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed CSF data from 27 infants diagnosed with IVH treated by Ommaya reservoir and lumbar puncture at our center, comprising 35 paired samples. Paired-sample and regression analyses were employed to determine test correlations, differences, and to derive transformation equations for the measurements. ResultsComparative analyses between the CSF from the lateral ventricle and the lumbar vertebrae revealed significant differences in the levels of chloride, glucose, protein, erythrocytes, total cells, and Pandy's test. Specifically:1. Levels of chloride, glucose, protein, and Pandy's test were higher in the lumbar vertebrae.2. Conversely, erythrocyte and total cell counts were higher in the lateral ventricle.There were no significant differences observed for lumbar lactate dehydrogenase(LDH), leukocytes, occult blood, clot, clarity, and color. Nevertheless, significant correlations were identified between various measures, including LDH, glucose, chloride, protein, erythrocyte, leukocyte, total cell count, Pandy's test, occult blood, clot, transparency, and color. Interestingly, the correlation strength and equation fit for each component are inversely proportional to its molecular weight.Notably, well-fitting regression equations were found for LDH, glucose, chloride, protein, leukocytes, erythrocytes, and total cells. ConclusionIn infants with IVH and unobstructed CSF channels, a robust correlation was noted between ventricular CSF sourced via the Ommaya reservoir and lumbar CSF. This correlation tended to be inversely related to molecular weight, with smaller molecular weights showing lesser disparities. Ventricular CSF data could anticipate lumbar CSF trends, and using regression equations with Ommaya-obtained CSF, one can derive approximate values for lumbar CSF.

Correlation Between Warfarin Levels in the Blood and the Value of Normal INR in Fibrillation Atrium Inpatients

Background: Warfarin is an anticoagulant inhibitor of vitamin K that is effective in preventing systemic embolization in atrial fibrillation patients. Warfarin has a narrow therapeutic index, so it requires monitoring of rates to prevent the occurrence of toxic effects and to ensure the passage of INR values.Objectives: The study aims to find out the correlation between warfarin levels and normal INR values.Methods: Observational research method with the collection of retrospective data on the medical records of patients treated with atrial fibrillation at Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Hospital, Purwokerto, in January 2019–December 2021. Warfarin levels were calculated pharmacokinetically using the steady-state concentration (Css) and plasma concentration (Cp) formulas. Data analysis is carried out using the Spearman test to determine the correlation between warfarin levels and normal INR values.Results: The number of patients with normal INR values was less than the number of patients with abnormal INR values, namely 21 patients and 48 patients. The Spearman test results show a p-value of 0.31 (p>0.05), showing that the correlation between warfarin levels in the blood and the corresponding INR value is not significant (p> 0.05), and the R value in the Spearman test is 0.122, showing that the direction of the correlation is positive with very weak correlation strength.Conclusion: The correlation between warfarin levels in the blood and the appropriate INR value is not significant (p>0.05), where the R value in the Spearman test shows R=0.122, meaning the direction of the correlation is positive with a very weak correlation strength.

Relationship Between Organizational Trusts Posed by the Principal and the Teachers’ Professional Commitment in Higher Education Institutions

The present study aims to explore the relationship between organizational trust posed by the principal and the teachers’ professional commitment in higher education institutions in the province of Punjab. The given phenomenon is related to the teachers’ professional commitment, as when the college teachers enjoy the trust of their institutional principals, their professional commitment towards their job is increased. The study follows the positivistic paradigm and quantitative approach through survey method and correlational design. The two variables of the study are organizational trust and professional commitment. The population of the study consists of public-sector college teachers from the province of Punjab, Pakistan. Through a multistage sampling technique, data were collected from 803 public college teachers. The data was collected through two self-developed questionnaires. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis were applied to answer the study's research questions. The descriptive results reflect that the occurrence of trust in teachers by the principals hardly reaches a moderate level, while the commitment to teaching and teamwork is at a low level. At the same time, the correlation between overall trust and commitment to teaching, teamwork and students’ welfare is significantly positive but moderate. Conclusively, the given levels of trust and particularly of commitment are critically below expectations, while the strength of correlation between the variables is also not very promising. Such results demand immediate initiatives to address the poor professional commitment and enhance the perception of trust among college teachers for the resurgence of the instructional system.

Fructosamine and HbA1c: A Correlational Study in a Southeast Asian Population.

Fructosamine correlates well with glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) in Caucasians. This study investigates this correlation and whether fructosamine can reliably estimate glycated haemoglobin in Southeast Asians. We recruited 193 participants based on 4 HbA1c bands (<6.0%; 6.0 - 7.9%; 8.0- 9.9%; ≥10%) from a secondary hospital in Singapore between August 2017 and December 2021. Blood samples for fructosamine, glycated haemoglobin, albumin, haemoglobin, thyroid stimulating hormone and creatinine were drawn in a single setting for all participants. Scatter plot was used to explore correlation between fructosamine and glycated haemoglobin. Strength of linear correlation was reported using Pearson's correlation coefficient. Simple linear regression was used to examine the relationship between fructosamine and glycated haemoglobin. We performed simple linear regression to study the relationship between fructosamine and HbA1c in the research participants (R2 = 0.756, p<0.01). Further analysis with natural logarithmic transformation of fructosamine demonstrated a stronger correlation between HbA1c and fructosamine (R2 = 0.792, p<0.01). Fructosamine is reliably correlated with HbA1c for the monitoring of glycaemic control in Southeast Asians.

Correlation Of Albumin Levels With Glucose Levels in Hypoglycemic Patients After The Use Of Insulin Therapy

Background: Most of the incidence of hypoglycemia in hospital (11.29%) is caused by administering insulin therapy as a therapeutic modality in diabetes mellitus patients during hospitalization. The bond between albumin and insulin using the help of fatty acids makes insulin control the body's glycemic levels. Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the correlation between albumin levels and glucose levels in hypoglycemia patients after the administration of insulin therapy at the Ratu Zalecha General Hospital. Methods: This study was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 32 samples were obtained by purposive sampling Results: The patient's mean glucose level was 48.95 ± 11.5 mg/dL and the patient's mean albumin level was 2.4 ± 0.6 g/dL. Bivariate analysis using Pearson's correlation test showed a correlation between albumin levels and glucose levels (p = 0.045 &lt;0.05; r = 0.356). Conclusion: The conclusion is that there is a significant correlation between albumin levels and blood glucose levels, the direction of the positive correlation with the strength of the weak correlation in the endocrine internal medicine ward of the Ratu Zalecha Martapura Hospital.

Ly α emission strength and stellar properties of faint galaxies from 5 &amp;lt; z &amp;lt; 8.2

ABSTRACT We present a study on stellar properties of Lyman-alpha (Ly α) emitters at 5 &amp;lt; z &amp;lt; 8.2. We use 247 photometrically selected, lensed, high-redshift, low-luminosity galaxy candidates with spectroscopic follow-up. Of these, 38 are confirmed spectroscopically to be between 5 &amp;lt; z &amp;lt; 8.2 via detection of Ly α. For each galaxy and candidate, we estimate stellar mass, star formation rate, specific star formation rate, and mass-weighted age with spectral energy distribution fitting. We also measure the UV β slope and luminosity using values from photometry. We find no strong correlation between Ly α equivalent width and any of these properties, as well as no significant difference between the physical properties of Ly α emitters and candidates without Ly α detected. This lack of expected trends may be explained by a combination of the evolving opacity of the intergalactic medium at these redshifts as well as the unique phase space probed by our lensed sample. Via tests on other galaxy samples which show varying strengths of correlations, we conclude that if there exist any relationships between Ly α equivalent width and physical properties in the underlying population of faint galaxies, they are weak correlations. We also present the results of a spectroscopic search for C iii] emission in confirmed Ly α emitters at z ∼ 7, finding no C iii] detections, but putting constraints on strong active galactic nuclei activity and extreme nebular emission.

Knowledge Graphs underpinning ship digital twins for decarbonisation options assessment

We propose the concept of a Knowledge Graph as a data management and inference machinery that underpins digital twins of ships. The Knowledge Graph is a directed graph connecting dependent and independent model variables of interest in the digital twin, where the correlations between variables are continuously updated based on data received from the physical ship. The paper outlines a methodology for constructing the Knowledge Graph and proposes metrics that help to calculate the effectiveness of decarbonization solutions based on changes to the strength of data correlations. The proposed methodology allows for the extrapolation of decarbonization technology potential across specific vessels, fleets, operational patterns, and lifecycle phases.

Syntactic complexity in second language (L2) writing: Comparing students’ narrative and argumentative essays

This study investigated the distinctive structural characteristics between narrative and argumentative texts and examined the relationships among syntactic measures within each genre. Conducted with 161 Chinese college freshmen, the study employed 14 syntactic complexity measures to analyze 322 essays comprising both narrative and argumentative types. The research questions focused on identifying syntactic measures that differentiate between the two genres and the correlational strength among these measures. Results indicated nuanced differences in syntactic complexity, with argumentative essays demonstrating slightly higher complexity in most measures, particularly in the length of production unit, amount of coordination, and degree of phrasal sophistication. Notably, no significant differences were found in overall sentence complexity or measures of subordination. These findings suggested that these aspects do not distinguish between genres for these second language (L2) writers. Correlations within syntactic measures were also analyzed and revealed strong relationships between certain measures within the same category for both essay types. However, there were some distinct patterns of correlation between the two genres. Implications for L2 writing assessment and future studies were discussed.

Relationship between assistant’s lens exposure and dose information during computed tomography examinations

According to International Commission of Radiological Protection, the equivalent dose limit for the eye lens for occupational exposure is recommended to be 20 mSv yr−1, averaged over 5 years, with no single year above 50 mSv. Some studies reported the measurement of assistant’s lens exposure in diagnostic computed tomography (CT) examinations, but further investigation is still required in the association between the lens dose for assistants and various dose parameters. Therefore, we measured the assistant’s lens exposure using small optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters. The type of occupation, type of assistance, total scan time, total mAs, total scan length, and dose-length product (DLP) were recorded and analyzed in association with air kerma at the lens position. The assistance was classified into four types: ‘assisted ventilation,’ ‘head holding,’ ‘body holding,’ and ‘raising patient’s arm.’ The air kerma of lens position was not significantly different for each assistance type (p < 0.05, Kruskal–Wallis test). Further, the lens doses for assistants correlated with DLP, but with various strengths of correlation with the assistance type and were influenced by the distance from the CT gantry. In conclusion, lens dose during assistance and DLP demonstrated the strongest correlation. ‘Raising patient’s arm’ and ‘head holding’ exhibited stronger correlations, which required less table movement during the CT scan than ‘assisted ventilation’ and ‘body holding’.

The correlation between selenium intake and lung function in asthmatic people: a cross-sectional study.

This study aimed to examine the correlation between selenium intake and lung function in asthmatic people. A total of 4,541 individuals in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were included in this study. Multivariate linear regression, variance inflation factor, restricted cubic splines and quantile regression were used to analyze the relationship between Se intake and lung function. We divided selenium intake into four levels based on quartiles: Q1: Se ≤ 76.75 mcg/d; Q2: 76.75-105.1 mcg/d; Q3: 105.1-137.65 mcg/d; and Q4: Se ≥137.65 mcg/d. Asthma was negatively associated with the Ratio of Forced Expiratory Volume 1st Second to Forced Vital Capacity (FEV1/FVC) (β = -0.04, 95% CI: -0.06 to -0.02) and FEV1 (β = -215, 95% CI: -340 to -90). Se intake was positively associated with Forced Expiratory Volume 1st Second (FEV1) (β =3.30 95% CI: 2.60 to 4.00) and Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) (β =4.30, 95% CI: 3.50 to 5.10). In asthmatic individuals, the positive effects of Se intake on FVC were enhanced with increasing Se intake, while the positive effects of Se intake on FEV1 varied less dramatically. High Se intake (Q4 level, above 137.65 mcg/d) improved FVC (β = 353, 95% CI: 80 to 626) and FEV1 (β = 543, 95% CI: 118 to 969) in asthmatic patients compared to low Se intake (Q1 level, below 76.75 mcg/d). At the Q2 level (76.75-105.1 mcg/d) and Q4 level (Se ≥137.65 mcg/d) of Se intake, the correlation between FEV1 and asthma disappeared. Our research has revealed a positive correlation between selenium intake and lung function in asthma patients and the strength of this positive correlation is related to the amount of selenium intake. We recommend that asthma patients consume 137.65 mcg to 200 mcg of selenium daily to improve pulmonary function while avoiding the adverse effects of selenium on the human body.