Strategy Execution Research Articles

Time-and-Space-Efficient Weighted Deduction

Abstract Many NLP algorithms have been described in terms of deduction systems. Unweighted deduction allows a generic forward-chaining execution strategy. For weighted deduction, however, efficient execution should propagate the weight of each item only after it has converged. This means visiting the items in topologically sorted order (as in dynamic programming). Toposorting is fast on a materialized graph; unfortunately, materializing the graph would take extra space. Is there a generic weighted deduction strategy which, for every acyclic deduction system and every input, uses only a constant factor more time and space than generic unweighted deduction? After reviewing past strategies, we answer this question in the affirmative by combining ideas of Goodman (1999) and Kahn (1962). We also give an extension to cyclic deduction systems, based on Tarjan (1972).

Exploring the Influence of Key Stakeholders on the Execution of Malawi's Digital Economy Strategy

Exploring the Influence of Key Stakeholders on the Execution of Malawi's Digital Economy Strategy

Cross-Entropy Regularized Policy Gradient for Multirobot Nonadversarial Moving Target Search

This article investigates the multirobot efficient search (MuRES) for a nonadversarial moving target problem from the multiagent reinforcement learning (MARL) perspective. MARL is deemed as a promising research field for cooperative multiagent applications. However, one of the main bottlenecks of applying MARL to the MuRES problem is the nonstationarity introduced by multiple learning agents. With learning agents simultaneously updating their policies, the environment cannot be modeled as a <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">stationary</i> Markov decision process, which results in the inapplicability of fundamental reinforcement learning techniques such as deep <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$</tex-math></inline-formula> -network and policy gradient (PG). In view of that, we adopt the centralized training and decentralized execution scheme and thereby propose a cross-entropy regularized policy gradient (CE-PG) method to train the learning agents/robots. We let the robots <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">commit</i> to a predetermined policy during execution, collect the trajectories, and then perform centralized training for the corresponding policy improvement. In this way, the nonstationarity problem is overcome, in that the robots do not update their policies during execution. During the centralized training stage, we improve the canonical PG method to consider the interactions among robots by adding a cross-entropy regularization term, which essentially functions to “disperse” the robots in the environment. Extensive simulation results and comparisons with state of the art show CE-PG's superior performance, and we also validate the algorithm with a real multirobot system in an indoor moving target search scenario.

Entrepreneurial Innovation Mediating among Marketing Strategies and Venture Sustainability in Ethiopia's

This research aimed to examine, in the context of an African company, the effects of its marketing approach predictors on enterprise sustainability as measured by organisation performance. The researchers developed several strategies and statistics that were both descriptive and inferential. The sampling approach incorporated both probabilities and non-probability components and used a simple random sampling procedure. The data for this study was provided by Oromia International Bank, a representative organisation in Ethiopia, by investigating 426 of its customer base, including those working in modern organisations and sectors at the Bule-Hora branch. The investigation's final findings demonstrate that organisational sustainability is deteriorating and fewer marketing tactics are being implemented. The leading causes of these findings are a lack of worker dedication, a hostile work atmosphere, weak leader competency, and slow adoption of new technology. Related predictors were one of the main problems when entrepreneurial breakthrough mediation was implemented. A leader's ability is one of the most promising strategies for promoting organisational sustainability in Ethiopia. The researchers provided the appropriate body with recommendations on how to handle the predictions, resolve the problems encountered during the execution of marketing strategies, and eventually provide effective marketing strategy compliance and strong organisation sustainability.

Policy pressure on partnerships: intentions, expectations and legitimisation of Norwegian educational reform policy

ABSTRACT Internationally, the emphasis on school reforms is increasing, and school leaders play a key role in realising reform initiatives for school development and change. Often, the formation of partnerships between researchers and practitioners for school improvement is promoted to facilitate professional development and enhance student learning. However, limited attention has been directed towards the underlying ideas, values and beliefs in government-initiated strategies for partnership in the policy context of educational reform. This paper examines how partnerships between schools and higher education institutions are conceptualised and legitimised in Norwegian reform policy documents. We analyse three government white papers, each coupled with an executive partnership strategy document. The analysis applies a discourse analytical approach to policy as text and transmission. Our findings show a shift in the official national discourse on partnerships in education, underscoring new tensions regarding the power to define focus areas in the local reform work.

The state budget of Ukraine: Diagnostics in the context of martial law

At the current stage of development of a market economy, the efficiency of the state depends on the quality of budgeting and execution, as it is the main instrument for mobilising and spending public resources. The purpose of this study was to diagnose the revenues and expenditures of the State Budget of Ukraine under martial law, to identify the main problems that impede effective budget formation and execution, and to provide recommendations on how to eliminate them. The study used empirical, theoretical, and statistical research methods, namely description and comparison; synthesis, analysis, and generalisation. The paper examined the essence of the state budget according to the opinions of foreign and Ukrainian researchers. Based on the statistical data, the study described the current state of the state budget and analysed the dynamics of budget revenues and expenditures in 2018-2022. The structure of tax and non-tax revenues to the state budget was investigated. The structure of the state budget expenditures was analysed in terms of economic and functional classification. The budget deficit was analysed. The study highlighted the main problems related to the preparation and execution of the state budget, namely: military operations in the country leading to capital outflows; a decrease in the growth rate of the gross domestic product and a decline in production; insufficient filling of the reserve fund; an increase in tax rates leading to tax evasion by business entities; instability of the national currency; lack of an effective strategy for budget preparation and execution; imperfect control over the implementation of budget programmes. The paper offers recommendations on how to overcome these problems and promote optimisation of the revenue and expenditure sides of the state budget. The results of the study are of practical importance, since it is based on the analysis of the state budget indicators that the state of the budget is determined and ways to balance the revenues and expenditures of the State Budget of Ukraine are identified

Real Time Data Processing and Predictive Analytics Using Cloud Based Machine Learning

Lately, the expansion of constant checking frameworks and the rise of the Modern Web of Things (IIoT) have uncovered the need of creating calculations that are both adaptable and lined up to gauge mechanical disappointments and decide the excess helpful existence of assembling frameworks and the parts that make up those frameworks. Information driven approaches, for example, AI have acquired importance in the field of prognostics and wellbeing the executives (PHM), as opposed to customary model-based prognostic strategies, which need a significant perception of the actual elements of the framework and frequently rely upon specific stochastic cycles. The critical measure of preparing information that is required, then again, is a hindrance to the computational productivity of AI calculations for information driven PHM. To tackle this trouble, the reason for this study is to give a remarkable strategy to hardware prognostics that utilizes a cloud-based equal AI calculation. In particular, the expectation of hardware wear in dry processing processes is achieved by the utilization of the irregular backwoods strategy, which is a method that is generally used in the field of AI. What's more, an equal irregular woods method is built by utilizing the MapReduce structure, and it is then conveyed on the Amazon Flexible Register Cloud. It has been shown by means of the consequences of the trials that the arbitrary woodland calculation is compelling in delivering expectations that are extremely exact. Likewise, the execution of the equal irregular woods strategy brings about impressive execution gains, which gives additional proof of the calculation's true capacity for functional use in modern settings. DOI: https://doi.org/10.52783/tjjpt.v42.i4.6757

Pentingnya Eksekusi Kepemimpinan Strategis Dalam Mencapai Tujuan Perusahaan: Chapter Review Dari Buku The Strategic Leader’s Roadmap

Objective: This article aims to explore the importance of effective strategy execution in achieving organizational goals and draws insights from the case study of H. Lawrence Culp Jr. and the strategy-led execution at Danaher Corporation. The objective is to highlight the key learnings and implications of the study for leaders seeking to enhance their strategic leadership capabilities.Methods: The research employs a case study approach, analyzing the leadership and execution strategies implemented by H. Lawrence Culp Jr. during his tenure at Danaher Corporation. It utilizes secondary data from the book "The Strategic Leader’s Roadmap" by Harbir Singh and Michael Useem, which provides in-depth insights into the strategic leadership practices at Danaher.Results: The study emphasizes the criticality of effective strategy execution in driving organizational performance. By adopting the Danaher Business System (DBS) and incorporating principles from Lean Manufacturing and Six Sigma, Culp successfully transformed the company's culture towards a focus on quality, efficiency, and innovation. This resulted in significant improvements in the company's financial performance, steady revenue growth, and successful expansion through strategic acquisitions.Limitations: The study is based on secondary data and the case of a single organization, Danaher Corporation, which may limit its generalizability to other industries or contexts. Additionally, the study does not explore potential challenges or failures in strategy execution that may have occurred during Culp's leadership at Danaher.Keywords: Danaher Business System (DBS), Strategic Leadership, Organizational Performance, Culture Transformation, Continuous Improvement.

Mechanism of antibiotic resistance development in an activated sludge system under tetracycline pressure.

The mechanism of antibiotic resistance (AR) development in an activated sludge system under tetracycline (TC) pressure was discussed and analyzed. According to the variation of macro-factors, including TC, COD, TN, TP, NH3-N, pH, heavy metals, and reactor settings, the tet genes respond accordingly. Consequently, the enrichment sites of tet genes form an invisible AR selection zone, where AR microorganisms thrive, gather, reproduce, and spread. The efflux pump genes tetA and tetB prefer anaerobic environment, while ribosome protective protein genes tetM, tetO, tetQ, tetT, and tetW were more concentrated in aerobic situations. As a corresponding micro-effect, different types of tet genes selected the corresponding dominant bacteria such as Thauera and Arthrobacter, suggesting the intrinsic relationship between tet genes and potential hosts. In summary, the macro-response and micro-effect of tet genes constitute an interactive mechanism with tet genes as the core, which is the crucial cause for the continuous development of AR. This study provides an executable strategy to control the development of AR in actual wastewater treatment plants from the perspective of macro-factors and micro-effects.

Implementation of the Trial Strategy in Driving Purchase Intention on Youtube Premium

The entertainment business has lately seen a transformation due to the expansion of digital platforms and the increased popularity of online entertainment. The digital age has completely transformed the entertainment industry. Businesses must adapt and embrace these changes if they want to thrive. Businesses can use the trial strategy to attract new customers despite fierce competition. Users initially assume they do not need it and are prepared to pay for supplemental services for things they typically use for free. Users become uneasy when they stop receiving their benefits and realize they require these extra services. This motivates people to purchase further services voluntarily. The execution of the trial strategy and perceived quality, price, satisfaction, and value are discussed in connection to how they affect customer purchase intention. Trial strategy and perceived price are independent variables. Perceived value, satisfaction, and quality then function as mediating variables. Also, purchase intention is the dependent variable. An online survey with 336 participants was undertaken. The findings from quantitative methodologies demonstrate that trial strategy, perceived value, and satisfaction have a direct, positive, and significant impact on purchase intention. In the meanwhile, buying intention is indirectly impacted by perceived quality and price.

An adaptive cascade predictive control strategy for connected and automated vehicles

SummaryConnectivity is a key element enabling intelligent vehicles to communicate with each other and the Smart Road. In general, the connectivity is allowed by an On‐Board Unit enabling the Vehicle to Everything communication. This paper proposes an innovative unit acting not only as a device allowing connectivity but also as an intelligent electronic control unit to perform advanced and adaptive control strategies able to give reference trajectories and actuator set‐points to the low‐level control systems of power‐train and vehicle dynamics. In particular, based on a cascade model predictive control, an adaptive control strategy is proposed, considering time‐varying parameters and information related to vehicle kinematics and dynamics. Such a strategy allows the vehicle to follow a certain origin‐destination path in the inertial frame, based on an upper controller that considers a vehicle kinematic model so as to give speed references and target values for the steering angle at the wheels to the inner predictive control loop acting on both longitudinal and lateral vehicle dynamics. To check the effectiveness of the proposed approach, a comparison is made with existing cascade control strategies. The results show better safety and lane‐keeping performance. Then, using Hardware‐In‐the‐Loop testing for the proposed Intelligent On‐Board Unit, the considered approach demonstrates robustness against parametric variations, signal delay and noise both in the Global Positioning System and in the yaw rate sensor. The achieved results show good robustness properties, safety performances and confirm the real‐time execution of the cascade control strategy, paving the way to future developments necessary before tests in a real road scenario.

The reproduction and perpetuation of workplace gender inequality in male-dominated industries through biased executive ideologies: a study of the Australian transport and logistics industry

ABSTRACT Workplace gender inequality remains a major cause of workplace and employment disadvantage for women, particularly in traditionally male-dominated industries. We draw on a study of the Australian transport and logistics industry to examine the conundrum that despite growing awareness of, pressure against, and supposedly increasing policy action against workplace gender inequality, little progress has been made over many decades. This study is premised on the view that understanding, and addressing, the root cause is the key to effective solutions. We applied Wynn’s executive ideology on gender inequality theoretical framework to investigate the core factors sustaining workplace gender inequalities in the industry. We find that particular unconscious biased executive conceptualisations of workplace gender inequalities shape organisational gender policies. Consequently, instead of eradicating, they reinforce and reproduce embedded attitudes and processes through the policies they adopt. We argue that to effectively address workplace gender inequality, it is the organisation and the industry, rather than the individual and society that must be the primary focus of executive strategy and action.

효과적 전자대금지급시스템의 영향요인에 관한 사례분석적 연구

Our society has long grappled with numerous issues such as wage and payment defaults in construction projects due to the lack of transparency. In response, Seoul Metropolitan Government has built and implemented a electronic payment system, known as the “Daegum-e-Baro” system, as part of its e-Government innovation initiatives. This electronic payment system has been expanded nationwide and is now legally mandatory for all public construction projects. Consequently, it is imperative for this study to examine the potential effects and influencing factors of the electronic payment system in the context of policy evaluation. Previously, studies on construction corruption have typically focused on cases of illegal subcontracting improvements. However, in this research, the study approaches from the perspective of the principal-agent theory, concentrating on the issues of information asymmetry and agent problems. This study aims to analyze the expected effects and influencing factors of the Daegum-e-Baro system. Based on enhancing transparency through e-Government, this study comprehensively examined what execution strategies and influencing factors were at play during the implementation process of the Seoul electronic payment system policy, how it expanded to national policy, and what the current outcomes look like. As expected effects, this study deduced control of corruption and fairness. As influencing factors, this study presented technical factor, legal and institutional factor, managerial factor, and transparency factor. Lastly, this study proposed policy suggestions for the development of the electronic payment system and added research implications and limitations.

Impact assessment and execution strategies of fintech in consumer finance: Paving the way forward

The increasing adoption of FinTech has revolutionized the consumer finance industry, providing innovative solutions that cater to the needs of consumers. FinTech companies disrupt established financial institutions and challenge the status quo, resulting in a dynamic and rapidly changing landscape. However, the success of FinTech in consumer finance depends on its impact execution, which involves the ability to deliver measurable and sustainable outcomes. This requires a comprehensive understanding of the market, a deep understanding of consumer needs, and the ability to effectively execute strategies that meet these needs. This paper examines the significance of FinTech in consumer finance to perform a comprehensive SWOT and PESTEL analysis of FinTech in consumer finance. Moreover, this is attempting to find out the opportunities and challenges of FinTech in the context of consumer finance and investigate trends of FinTech in consumer finance. By implementing the strategies outlined in this paper, FinTech companies can continue to drive innovation, increase access to financial services, and deliver measurable consumer outcomes.

EXPLORING MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCE - BASED EDUCATION AT PRIVATE SCHOOLS IN KARACHI

The current study focused to explore multiple intelligence-based education at private schools in Karachi. The study employed the qualitative research methodology to seek the in-depth knowledge of the issue. Primary and secondary teachers who are working in private schools in DHA Karachi were the population of our study. Convenient and purposive sampling was employed and 10 teachers were selected for the interviews. For data collection, a semi-structured questionnaire was prepared. The main findings of the study were the strategies to cater each intelligence and the barriers to promote Multiple Intelligence in classrooms. The research suggests that teachers should implement a mix of hands-on activities, visual-aids, group work and discussions to cater students of different intelligences. Overcoming these obstacles requires ongoing professional development, collaboration with educators, the allocation of adequate resources to support the execution of strategies that address the multiple intelligence of students

컴파운딩 업체의 TDABC 적용사례 연구: K사 TDABC 적용 및 수익성 개선

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to find out how a company can do reasonable cost calculations in a simple way and establish profitability improvement strategies based on the results. Design/methodology/approach - In this study, a case that compounding company K applied TDABC was studied. A case study was conducted on the process of company K reviewing and applying TDABC and the process of implementing the cost calculation for each product by applying TDABC, and establishing a profitability improvement strategy for each product based on the results. Findings - Company K rearranged the production standard information of the compounding industry such as productivity and batch size of each product to apply TDABC. Cost calculation was performed for each product according to the revised production standard information. After the cost calculation for each product was carried out, Company K established a strategy to improve profitability of each product. The profitability improvement strategy was implemented in two ways: a cost reduction strategy and a product price increase strategy. As a result of the final strategy execution, the profitability of each product was improved. Research implications or Originality - This study found a reasonable costing standard in consideration of the specificity of the research target company, and applied it to cost calculation cost for each product. It contains the process of establishing production and sales strategies for each product based on the cost calculation results. It is expected that this case study will serve as a good reference material for establishing cost calculation and profitability improvement strategies in similar businesses.

Finding a conceptual approach to developing an architecture of general-purpose services for economic researches

The object of research is the architecture of general-purpose services for economic researches. The excessive popularity of service-oriented architecture implementations has led to consideration of the application of this approach in the production of organizations engaged in processing statistical and economic information for analytical research. This is due to the possibility of reusing services, each of which is designed to perform specific statistical functions, and the availability of design solutions for compiling these functions into a program for implementing a statistical task solution, using orchestration as a basis for dynamic service calls. The paper proposes an approach to the development of external statistical services as a set of software products for solving analytical tasks by groups of independent researchers. Since such researchers do not have sufficient financial support, the use of external statistical services will allow them to conduct an in-depth analysis of their research results. The proposed approach assumes that such a service should have its typical data storage structure with fixed types and attributes, to which the researcher imports their own data, selects a calculation execution scheme, initializes their execution, and receives results. Taking into account this storage scheme, the authors have identified the main groups of metadata necessary to describe the implementation of the statistical process. A statistical business process typically consists of a set of procedures that implement certain statistical operations and data transformations, and the provided set of metadata allows for the realization of the process goal and activity. Issues that require further in-depth research for the practical implementation of the proposed idea have been identified. The use of service-oriented architecture for building statistical processes allows for standardizing the approach by unifying the functions of individual services. The availability of possibilities for practical implementation of software products in a service-oriented architecture using a cloud environment in modern IT industry serves as a guide for further research direction.

The Customer Satisfaction as an Antecedent of Purchase Decision in the Post Pandemic Era

Objectives: People's consumption habits have changed because of the pandemic which has been ongoing for about a year. The government's execution of the PSBB strategy has had a significant negative impact on local economic activity, particularly the food industry. Regional food and souvenirs are among the most potential industries that may grow following the COVID-19 pandemic. people visit one of these places since it has its own distinctive qualities and to remember, people bring home some souvenirs. The goal of this study is to determine whether consumer satisfaction can affect buying choices following the Covid-19 epidemic. Methodology: The study's quantitative approach makes use of purposive sampling of 100 participants and structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis methods with SmartPLS 3.0 software.Finding: The findings of the study indicate that product quality, brand image, and sales promotion significantly impact purchasing decisions. This suggests that these factors play a crucial role in shaping consumer choices. Additionally, the study reveals that purchasing decisions significantly influence consumer satisfaction. The level of consumer satisfaction with a product positively correlates with the likelihood of choosing to buy Tebing Tinggi's souvenir items. These findings highlight the importance of consumer happiness in influencing buying decisions, particularly in the post-Covid-19 epidemic environment. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that consumer satisfaction can indeed affect buying choices following the Covid-19 epidemic. The results emphasize the significance of product quality, brand image, and sales promotion in shaping purchasing decisions. Moreover, the study underscores the importance of consumer satisfaction as a determinant of buying behavior. These findings have implications for businesses operating in the post-pandemic environment, highlighting the need to prioritize factors that contribute to consumer happiness in order to drive sales and improve overall customer satisfaction.

Cultural Environment Impact on Corporate Management

The swift evolution of China's foreign trade, has introduced a multitude of intricate challenges to its external commerce. National policies, societal norms, economic conditions, and cultural factors exert various degrees of influence over a firm's international operations. Notably, cultural disparities emerge as a significant influence on enterprises' cross-border conduct, particularly in the domain of cross-cultural communication. In sum, an examination of cross-cultural disparities in the business context is crucial for the contemporary globalized economy. By acquiring a nuanced understanding of cultural norms and practices, businesses can devise effective strategies for navigating various cultural contexts, preclude misunderstandings and conflicts, enhance communication, and exploit the advantages of cultural diversity. This study aims to examine Starbucks' internationalization as a representative instance. The intention is to unravel the mechanisms by which varying national cultures and cultural types influence internationalization, while also suggesting appropriate adaptive strategies. By doing so, the research aspires to provide a robust foundation for the creation and execution of China's internationalization strategies. The emphasis is placed on rendering pragmatic and implementable insights to facilitate the global expansion efforts of Chinese enterprises.

Design Build Competition Strategy to Improve Project Execution in PT Kilang Pertamina International

PT KPI is the refining &amp; petrochemical sub-holding company of PT Pertamina (Persero) that acts as a strategic holding company. PT KPI makes investments and runs Pertamina’s businesses in refining oil and gas and other materials to make high-value fuel, lubricant, petrochemical, and pharmaceutical products. Based on PT. KPI experiences, offently projects suffer delays and cost overruns which affect the quality of the project. This study aimed to evaluate the project execution strategy Design Build Competition (DBC) as strategy to improve project execution. This study starts with the identification of the issue, followed by data collection which covers primary and secondary data, after that the series of data were analyzed using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The results showed that DBC strategy is the solution for PT. KPI to improve the execution of the project mainly in terms of duration and quality. The conclusion and recommendation of the study are that in order successfully executed DBC, PT. KPI should engage several strategic decisions which include organizational restructuring, resource allocation, and stakeholder management.