Principal Strategy Research Articles

The Principal's Strategy for Implementing Online Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic at Xaverius Baturaja High School

This study determines and describes the role of the principal, the obstacles faced, and the strategies used by them for implementing the distance learning process in schools during the COVID-19 pandemic. A qualitative approach with a descriptive method was used in this research. Data collection techniques included observation, interviews, and documentation. Data were analyzed through data reduction, data presentation, and verification. The subjects of this study were principals, vice principals, and teachers of the Xaverius Baturaja High school. The results show that the role of the principal in implementing the online learning process has been crucial and, to an extent, effective. However, a few obstacles were noted, such as students experiencing Internet network difficulties – either due to the location of their residence or having no access to cell phones/tablets – and the lack of teachers’ ability to utilize technology for distance learning. The strategies used by the school’s principal for implementing distance learning were developing teachers’ teaching skills through a teachers’ conference organized by YXP and the government, optimizing the school’s infrastructure, supervising teachers, collaborating with parents and society, and conducting visiting teacher activities.
 Keywords: principal strategy, implementation of learning, COVID-19

Strategi Kepala Madrasah Dalam Meningkatkan Prestasi Akademik Siswa

This article aims to describe how the principal's strategy, strategic planning, and strategy implementation in improving students' academic achievement at MAN 1 Mojokerto. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis with the subject of the deputy head of the curriculum, the head of administration and the teacher. The data collection techniques used in the form of interviews, observations and documentation studies. The validity of the data was tested by triangulation of sources and techniques. The data obtained were analyzed through data reduction, data presentation, and data verification. The results of this study indicate that 1) the principal's strategy in improving students' academic achievement is carried out by developing resources, providing scholarships to students who have achievements, giving rewards to students and teachers who take part in competitions, and developing teacher competencies according to their abilities in their fields. 2) strategic planning is carried out by compiling a strategic plan (RENSTRA), compiling a madrasah budget work plan (RKAM) and conducting a madrasah self-evaluation. 3) the implementation of the madrasa principal's strategy in improving academic achievement is carried out by compiling programs within a period of 5 years and conducting a madrasa self-evaluation every month.

Analysis Of Madrasah Principal Leadership In Improving Accreditation At MTS Al-Hasanah Medan

Accreditation is a special concern for a madrasa head because accreditation is a benchmark for good or bad quality in madrasas. This study intends to analyze how the leadership of a madrasa principal improves accreditation, this research was conducted at the Madrasah MTs Al-Hasana Medan. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with data collection techniques using interviews, documentation, and observation, while the validity of the data is carried out by reduction, display, and verification of research data. The results obtained are the stages in the accreditation process at MTs Al-Hasana Medan, namely preparation, implementation, and determination of accreditation. The principal's strategy in increasing accreditation is making work plans and programs, increasing professionalism, increasing student academic scores, developing student skills and potential, and conducting evaluations. Meanwhile, in leading the madrasah principal at MTs Al-Hasana Medan, he prioritizes deliberation, and democracy, involving all elements in the madrasa, prioritizing discipline and providing motivation.

A national survey of Swiss paediatric oncology care providers' cross-cultural competences.

Culturally diverse countries such as Switzerland face the challenge of providing cross-cultural competent care. Cross-cultural competent care needs an understanding of a patient's cultural context in order to provide safe and effective care. Therefore, we sought to examine cross-cultural competence of Swiss paediatric oncology care providers, and to explore their perceptions of barriers to and facilitators of cross-culturally competent care. We conducted a cross-sectional study. The data collection period was three weeks. Providers were recruited through collaborators at the participating paediatric oncology centres. All occupational groups who are in direct contact with patients and involved in their care were eligible (e.g., physicians, nurses, social workers, occupational therapists and physiotherapists). Surveying providers online, we captured five subscales of their cross-cultural competence and their perceptions as to how to facilitate cross-culturally competent paediatric oncology care. We employed the Cross-Cultural Competence of Healthcare Professionals (CCCHP) questionnaire. Besides descriptive and inferential statistics, we performed content analysis. The response rate was 73.2% (n = 183/250). Analyses revealed differences in cross-cultural competence between occupational groups of paediatric oncology providers. Overall, social workers' cross-cultural competence was higher than nurses' or occupational therapists' and physiotherapists' cross-cultural competence. Physicians' cross-cultural competence was higher than nurses (with no statistically significant difference identified between physicians, occupational therapists and physiotherapists). Furthermore, our results suggest noteworthy differences among the four main occupational groups on the five CCCHP subscales. Physicians and social workers declared more positive attitudes than nurses; occupational therapists and physiotherapists reported lower skills than the other three groups; social workers scored higher on the emotions and empathy subscale than the other three groups; physicians were more knowledgeable and aware than nurses. Most frequently mentioned barriers were: language barriers (68.5%), different culture and values (19.2%), different illness understanding (9.2%). Most frequently mentioned facilitators were: professional translators (47.2%), continuous training (20.8%), professional cultural mediators (8.8%). Trainings and interventions are widely considered a principal strategy to advance providers' cross-cultural competence. Our findings of differences in cross-cultural competence among occupational groups further underpin the need to adapt training programmes and interventions to the respective occupational group and the respective dimension(s) of cross-cultural competence. In addition, professional translators and cultural mediators should be used. Lastly, reciprocal supervision and the promotion of multidisciplinary teams is crucial to enable oncology care providers to learn from each other and this exchange could also help to reduce some of the differences between the various occupational groups.

The NF-κB Pharmacopeia: Novel Strategies to Subdue an Intractable Target.

NF-κB transcription factors are major drivers of tumor initiation and progression. NF-κB signaling is constitutively activated by genetic alterations or environmental signals in many human cancers, where it contributes to almost all hallmarks of malignancy, including sustained proliferation, cell death resistance, tumor-promoting inflammation, metabolic reprogramming, tissue invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. As such, the NF-κB pathway is an attractive therapeutic target in a broad range of human cancers, as well as in numerous non-malignant diseases. Currently, however, there is no clinically useful NF-κB inhibitor to treat oncological patients, owing to the preclusive, on-target toxicities of systemic NF-κB blockade. In this review, we discuss the principal and most promising strategies being developed to circumvent the inherent limitations of conventional IκB kinase (IKK)/NF-κB-targeting drugs, focusing on new molecules that target upstream regulators or downstream effectors of oncogenic NF-κB signaling, as well as agents targeting individual NF-κB subunits.

Changes in soil C–N–P stoichiometry after 20 years of typical artificial vegetation restoration in semiarid continental climate zones

Vegetation restoration is one of the principal strategies for ecosystem recovery in degraded land of fragile regions, which is an important driving factor for soil fertility and elemental circulation. While the relationship between revegetation and soil C–N–P stoichiometry remains unclear. To evaluate the relationships between vegetation restoration and soil C–N–P stoichiometry, the distribution of soil C, N, and P within 0–30 cm soil depth under five typical artificial restored vegetation types on the Loess Plateau was analyzed and the influencing factors were evaluated. The results showed that soil C, N, and P contents were relatively lower at the study site than the mean values for topsoil in China. Compared with other vegetation types (Populus simonii Carr., Pinus tabuliformis Carr., and Caragana korshinskii Kom.), Medicago Sativa L. and Stipa bungeana Trin. helped improve soil fertility better; the soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) contents within the 0–30 cm soil layer respectively maximized under Stipa bungeana Trin. (3.30 g kg−1), Medicago Sativa L. (0.34 g kg−1), and Medicago Sativa L. (0.41 g kg−1). The values of soil C/N, C/P, and N/P for the five vegetation types were 9.50–11.85, 15.36–21.47, and 1.29–1.90, respectively. The contents of SOC and TN under the five vegetation types were significantly (P < 0.001) affected by soil depth and vegetation type (P < 0.001) and decreased with increasing soil depth. However, the TP content was significantly (P < 0.001) affected by vegetation type and not by soil depth. Considering the better adaptability of native species, native herb vegetation types should be considered first for ecological restoration in semiarid continental climate zones.

Sensitivity analyses for the principal ignorability assumption using multiple imputation.

In the context of clinical trials, there is interest in the treatment effect for subpopulations of patients defined by intercurrent events, namely disease-related events occurring after treatment initiation that affect either the interpretation or the existence of endpoints. With the principal stratum strategy, the ICH E9(R1) guideline introduces a formal framework in drug development for defining treatment effects in such subpopulations. Statistical estimation of the treatment effect can be performed based on the principal ignorability assumption using multiple imputation approaches. Principal ignorability is a conditional independence assumption that cannot be directly verified; therefore, it is crucial to evaluate the robustness of results to deviations from this assumption. As a sensitivity analysis, we propose a joint model that multiply imputes the principal stratum membership and the outcome variable while allowing different levels of violation of the principal ignorability assumption. We illustrate with a simulation study that the joint imputation model-based approaches are superior to naive subpopulation analyses. Motivated by an oncology clinical trial, we implement the sensitivity analysis on a time-to-event outcome to assess the treatment effect in the subpopulation of patients who discontinued due to adverse events using a synthetic dataset. Finally, we explore the potential usage and provide interpretation of such analyses in clinical settings, as well as possible extension of such models in more general cases.

STRATEGI KEPALA MADRASAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN CITRA MADRASAH DI MTs MA’ARIF NU KALIGIRI KECAMATAN SIRAMPOG KABUPATEN BREBES

This study aims to determine the strategy of the head of madrasah in improving the image of the madrasah in Madrasah Tsanawiyah Ma'arif Nahdhatul Ulama 'Kaligiri, Sirampog District, Brebes Regency. In addition to knowing the strategy of the head of madrasah in improving the image, he also knows the implications of implementing the strategy by the head of madrasah which has an impact on improving the quality of madrasah academics. This type of research is qualitative research. In completing this research, the researcher collected data in the form of interview manuscripts, observations, field documentation, and other supporting official documents. So that a complete picture can be obtained of the research conducted by researchers. The results of this study illustrate that the image of Madrasah Tsanawiyah Ma'arif Nahdhatul Ulama 'Kaligiri, Sirampog District, Brebes Regency can be categorized as good. This is indicated by the increasing public trust in the Madrasah with the increasing number of students. The strategy of the head of madrasah in improving the image of the madrasah is by carrying out internal improvements through increasing the competence of teachers and education personnel, collaborating with related parties, arranging administrative systems and governance and conducting intense promotions to the community. The implications of the madrasah principal's strategy in improving the image can be seen from the increase in academic and non-academic achievement &#x0D;

Personalised physiological medicine: Orthostatic hypotension

Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is a very common and debilitating condition, characterised by a significant drop in blood pressure (BP) on standing upright. Multiple neuro-cardiovascular mechanisms should stabilise BP when moving to an upright position but in OH, BP decline results from dysfunction of neuro-cardiovascular mechanisms. With the advent of non-invasive, beat-to-beat BP measurement, the detailed postural BP profile presents an opportunity to explore the underlying pathological deficits seen in OH. To date, several distinct clusters of postural BP drop have been identified, typically defined by the rate and duration of BP decline and the degree of recovery. The morphology of the BP drop may reflect the underlying cardiac output and peripheral vascular resistance. There are three principal treatment strategies for OH; conservative management, fludrocortisone or midodrine. As each of these therapies have different therapeutic mechanisms, in this review we hypothesise how they could be used in a more targeted manner to treat the underlying physiological deficit - conservative management for ‘initial drop, quick recovery’, fludrocortisone for ‘medium drop, slow recovery/venular-deficit’ and midodrine for ‘large drop, non-recovery/arteriolar-deficit’.

MANAJEMEN STRATEGIK KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM PENGEMBANGAN LINGKUNGAN SEKOLAH YANG KONDUSIF

This study aims to determine the principal's strategic management in developing a conducive school environment. The research method used is a descriptive quantitative research using a questionnaire instrument with a sample of 20 teachers. The results of the study, namely the management of the principal's strategy for teachers in developing a conducive school environment at SDN 2 Gorontalo were in the good category with an average percentage of around 75.67%. This percentage gain is an accumulation of the dimensions of the principal's planning strategy in developing a conducive school environment which is in the good category with a percentage of 75%, the dimensions of the principal's implementation strategy in developing a conducive school environment are in the good category with a percentage of 77%, and follow-up strategies principals in developing a conducive school environment are in the good category with a percentage of 75%. The position of the principal when acting as the principal is very strategic or supportive to create a school environment. Because, the core element of the organizational environment is the relationship between school personnel, in the role of the principal when he becomes the principal it is stated that he has a function in realizing harmonious human relations to foster and develop cooperation between personnel.

Newer and Emerging LDL-C Lowering Agents and Implications for ASCVD Residual Risk.

Multiple lines of evidence demonstrate that low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol causes atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Thus, targeting and lowering low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol is the principal strategy to reduce cardiovascular disease risk in primary and secondary prevention. Statin therapy is the foundation of lipid-lowering treatment, but adherence rates are low, and many individuals do not attain target low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol values. Additionally, most statin-treated patients are still at considerable atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk, emphasizing the need for more aggressive low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol-lowering therapies. The purpose of this review is to discuss new and emerging approaches to further lower low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, including inhibition of ATP-citrate lyase, proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9, angiopoietin-related protein 3, and cholesteryl ester transfer protein.

Principal's Strategy in Developing Student’s Discipline

The purpose of this study was to determine the principal's strategy in fostering student discipline at 23 Palembang Junior High Schools and what are the supporting and inhibiting factors. This study uses a qualitative method. Informants in this study were principals, vice principals, teachers, students, and the community—data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation methods. The data analysis technique uses data reduction, data presentation, verification, and checking of the validity of the data. The results showed that the principal in fostering student discipline at 23 Palembang Junior High Schools had several strategies, namely 1) the existence of clear disciplinary rules; 2) providing an excellent example to students; 3) providing coaching; 4) communication with parents of students, and 5) give sanctions to students who violate the rules of school rules.

STRATEGI KEPALA MADRASAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN CITRA POSITIF DAN PRESTASI MELALUI KELAS UNGGULAN DI MA AL- AMIRIYYAH BLOKAGUNG BANYUWANGI

The research focus in this paper is: (1) what is the principal's strategy in improving a positive image through superior classes at MA al-Amiriyyah Blokagung Banyuwangi? (2) what is the madrasa principal's strategy for improving achievement through a superior class at MA al-Amiriyyah Blokagung Banyuwangi? (3) what are the supporting and inhibiting factors for the madrasa principal's strategy in improving a positive image and achievement through a superior class at MA al-Amiriyyah Blokagung Banyuwangi? The purpose of this research is to determine the achievement through superior class and to find out the supporting and inhibiting factors of the madrasa principal's strategy in increasing the positive image and achievement through the superior class. The method used by the researcher here is a qualitative approach with a qualitative descriptive type of research. The location of this research is MA al-Amiriyyah Blokagung, Tegalsari sub-district, Banyuwangi district, East Java, from 1 to 14 March. The research subjects were the head of the madrasa as the leader who managed everything in the madrasa and MA al-Amiriyyah students and the community or parents of MA al-Amiriyyah students. Data collection techniques are observation, interviews, and documentation. While the data analysis is an interaction analysis of 3 models of Milles and Huberman, namely data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions, and also SWOT analysis is used to determine the supporting and inhibiting factors.

Manajemen Strategi Kepala Sekolah Dalam Peningkatan Mutu Pendidikan Di SDN 24 Gadut Kecamatan Tilatang Kamang

This study uses a qualitative method whose focus is the Strategic Management of the Principal of SDN 24 Gadut in improving the quality of educators and education personnel, the quality of facilities and infrastructure and the quality of management. The results obtained in this study indicate that the Principal Strategy of SDN 24 Gadut in improving the quality of educators and education personnel through routine supervision of principal supervision, delegation of authority, training, upgrading, seminars, technical guidance, workshops, and training, and evaluating performance of educators and education personnel. The strategy of the Principal of SDN 24 Gadut in an effort to improve the quality of facilities and infrastructure is carried out by coordinating through budget meetings at the beginning of the year, gradually fulfilling facilities, conducting comparative studies and fulfilling computer facilities for management strategies, the Principal of SDN 24 conducting planning, implementing programs and activities monitoring and evaluation. The findings were obtained by the Principal of SDN 24 Gadut to find solutions in the process of improving quality and managing school management even better. Starting from the process of accepting new students to graduation that involves all parties. In addition, the school is always oriented towards the satisfaction of the community and school residents both internally and externally and the school together continuously improves the quality of education through various activities that involve the community and school residents. In addition to support from the government, SDN 24 Gadut also received full support from parents and the community for the progress of the school

The leadership of The Head of Madrasah in Improving Quality of Education

This article aims to analyze the strategies of madrasah principals used in improving the quality of education and to describe the type or character of madrasah principals' leadership in improving the quality of education. The method in this research is descriptive-qualitative. The selection of this method will make it easier to understand the data exposure that has been explained because it is arranged accurately and systematically. The data collection of this research used the methods of observation, interviews, and documentation. After that the data that has been collected is analyzed in the stages of data reduction, data presentation and the last is drawing conclusions. The results that can be presented in this study are several strategies used by the madrasa principal to achieve a target that has been jointly set by all school components. The strategy adopted by the madrasah principal certainly refers to the exposure of the theory about the quality of an education which includes existing inputs, processes, and outputs. From the implementation of this strategy, it can also be seen how the character or type of leadership of the madrasah principal, which, according to several data sources, leads to democratic leadership. This can be seen from the thought intervention of related parties in issuing a school policy.

In-situ sol-gel generation of SiO2 nanoparticles inside polyamide membrane for enhanced nanofiltration

Interfacial polymerization (IP) has been deemed as the principal strategy to fabricate thin film composite (TFC) nanofiltration (NF) membranes. However, the separation performances of TFC membrane are prone to be impaired with the issue of trade-off relationship between selectivity and permeability. Herein, a combined IP and in-situ sol-gel method was proposed to synthesis novel thin film nanocomposite (TFN) NF membrane. The nano-enhanced polyamide (PA) functional layer was created by the IP reaction, while the in-situ generated silicon dioxide (SiO2) nanoparticles were formed through the hydrolysis and condensation process. The optimal separation performance was obtained by tailoring the formation process of SiO2 nanoparticles via varying the NaOH concentration. The results revealed that the in-situ generated SiO2 nanoparticles were uniformly distributed within the PA layer, which greatly enhanced the hydrophilicity due to the abundant Si-OH groups. The membrane decorated by 1 ml TEOS under 0.3 wt% NaOH condition possessed a pure water permeability up to 70.69 L m−2 h−1 bar−1 and high rejection rates against dyes (99.99 % for Congo red, 99.55 % for Coomassie blue G-250, 99.39 % for Reactive blue 19), while maintaining low salt rejections (4.92 % for NaCl, 7.14 % for Na2SO4). Meanwhile, the membrane presented an excellent long-term operational stability.

Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah dalam Mengembangkan Mutu Sumber Daya Guru di Kelompok Bermain (KB) Anggrek Landungsari Pekalongan Jawa Tengah

The school principal must have a strategy for the progress of his institution by developing the quality of teacher resources in the hope that each teacher will have good academic competence. All of the quality weaknesses of these educational components lead to the low academic quality of teachers. This study aims to find out how the principal's leadership in developing the quality of teacher resources is implemented in the Anggrek Landungsari Playgroup (KB) with a focus on the strategy, role and program of the Principal in Developing the Quality of Teacher Resources. This study uses a qualitative approach using a case study design. The results of the study found that the principal's strategy in developing the quality of teacher resources included upholding discipline, creating a conducive work climate, conducting supervision, and providing motivation. Programs carried out by school principals in developing the quality of teacher resources include forming training programs, assignments, further studies.

Transmission of yellow fever vaccine virus from breast feeding mothers to their infants: reporting of yellow fever virus (YFV) RNA detection in milk specimens.

Because of yellow fever's serious impact on health, vaccination is the principal strategy to control the disease. Administration of the yellow fever vaccine to breastfeeding women should be before they complete 9 months post-delivery, in order to prevent transmission of the yellow fever vaccine virus to their infants through breast feeding. This study aimed to confirm whether the excretion of yellow fever vaccine virus is in milk of vaccinated breastfeeding mothers and to confirm the probable transmission to their infants through breast milk. Samples were taken as follows: one serum specimen was taken 3-14 days after the date of the vaccination, and breast milk specimens were taken at four different time points between 3-4 days apart. Specimens were obtained from eight nursing mothers, who received the YVF vaccine (17DD). Mothers were asymptomatic before and after the vaccine administration but their infants developed symptoms after administration. Maternal serum samples were tested for YFV specific IgM antibodies through immuno-fluorescent assay (IFA). RNA was extracted from serum and breast milk specimens and YFV RNA screened using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). In total, five mothers (62.5%) were positive for YFV and two mothers (25%) had YFV RNA in serum. Among milk specimens, YFV RNA was detected during the four different mentioned collection times as follows (positive milk specimens/total milk specimens): 3/8 (37.5 %), 4/6 (66.6%) and 1/4(25%). RNA was completely undetectable in the last collection time. YFV transmission from mothers to their babies through breast-feeding was highly probable indicated by the temporal relationship to mother's YF vaccination.

Management Capabilities and Organizational Conflict Strategies in Improving the Performance of Public Elementary Schools

The study aimed to investigate the effect of the school heads? management capabilities and organizational conflict strategies in improving the performance of public elementary schools. It utilized descriptive and correlational methods to gather data. The respondents of this study were 153 public elementary teachers in the Division of Quezon in Candelaria West District, who were randomly selected. The researcher used the Slovin formula to identify the number of samples. It was conducted during the third quarter of 2021-2022. Adapted and modified questionnaires from Rahim Conflict Inventory-II were used in generating data. Based on the result of this study, the management capabilities of the school head in terms of planning, communicating, decision-making, delegating, problem-solving, and motivating were perceived by the respondents as highly practiced. Meanwhile, in terms of organizational conflict strategies, the accommodating strategy garnered the highest mean and was found to be the ?highly practiced? strategy in dealing with conflict. Likewise, compromise and collaborative strategies were also perceived as ?highly practiced? while the competition and avoiding strategies were perceived as ?practiced?. The school's performance as described in its leadership practice of the school head, interpersonal relationship, shared school vision, instructional and mentoring support, and parent and community involvement were "highly performing." The study revealed a significant relationship between management capabilities and organizational conflict strategies to the performance of the school. The study recommends organizing a series of workshops, seminars, conferences, and orientation programs on conflict resolution strategies for principals and teachers. This is appropriate for increasing the educators' knowledge, particularly about emerging ideas and innovations in conflict resolution in schools

Madrasah Head Leadership Strategy: Research Madrasah’s Implementation At State Islamic Junior High School of 2 Sukoharjo

This study aims to analyze the strategy and leadership style of madrasah principals at MTsN 2 Sukoharjo and analyze the implementation of research madrasahs at MTsN 2 Sukoharjo. The problems raised include a) how at a glance about MTsN 2 Sukoharjo in the Research Madrasa Pioneer; b) what is the strategy and leadership style of the madrasah principal at MTsN 2 Sukoharjo; c) how is the implementation of research madrasas at MTsN 2 Sukoharjo; and d) what are the supporters and obstacles for madrasah principals in implementing research madrasas at MTsN 2 Sukoharjo. This research uses a qualitative approach with a qualitative-descriptive type of research. The data obtained came from primary data through a brief online interview with the principal of MTsN 2 Sukoharjo and secondary data through literature review analysis by reading &amp; analyzing literature from various sources such as journals, articles, books, etc. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of research madrasas at MTsN 2 Sukoharjo in reality has not been fully supported by adequate educators. The principal's leadership strategy in supporting research madrasas at MTsN 2 Sukoharjo is carried out through fostering educator performance, supervising educator performance, coaching and affirming educator discipline, and providing motivation. The head of the madrasa at MTsN 2 Sukoharjo uses a leadership strategy with a democratic style, where the head of the madrasa approaches himself with educators, staff, and students.