Inquiry Strategies Research Articles

The human experience of ethics: a review of a decade of qualitative ethical decision‐making research

Qualitative studies are an important component of business ethics research. This large amount of research covers a wide array of factors and influences on ethical decision making published between 2004 and 2014. Following the methodology of past critical reviews, this work provides a synopsis of the diverse array of qualitative studies in ethical decision making within the business ethics literature. We highlight the distinct and investigative nature of qualitative research, synthesize and summarize findings, and suggest opportunities for future research. We conclude with a recommendation for developing qualitative studies in business ethics and a call for an increased openness when considering this valuable and underrepresented strategy of inquiry.

The Effect of Digital Scenario Supported Learning on the Success of Scientific Ethic and Research and Strategies of Information Inquiry (EDISSUSERESII)

In this study, it was aimed to determine the effect of digital scenario supported learning on the success of postgraduate students devoted to scientific ethic and research and strategies of informa...

STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN MODEL INKUIRI JURISPRUDENSI UNTUK PENDIDIKAN PANCASILA DAN KEWARGANEGARAAN DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS

Abstrac:Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan in secondary education aimed at developing the potential of learners in all dimensions of citizenship, which include: civic confidence, civic commitment, and civic responsibility. These objectives can be realized by implementing a learning strategy JurisprudentialInquiry model. JurisprudentialInquiry model is a design study that was created and developed by Donald P. Oliver and James Shaver to help students learn to think critically systematic, tolerant, caring and able to determine the position of the various controversies attitudes toward contemporary issues of public policy that is going on in the life society and state. The results showed that students’ academic achievement group that learned with a higher inquiry strategy with that learned with conventional learning. Keywords: civic education and the jurisprudential inquiry model

PENGEMBANGAN MODUL PEMBELAJARAN KIMIA PADA MATERI POKOK LARUTAN ELEKTROLIT DAN NONELEKTROLIT BERBASIS INKUIRI TERBIMBING (GUIDED INQUIRY)

Issue formal education become a common topic today is the low student learning outcomes. Based on the research conducted so far, it turns out low yields due to student learning in general chemistry students have difficulty in analyzing chemical material that is both abstract and resolve problems related to chemical reactions, this happens due to lack of understanding by students. One of the learning strategies that encourage students to seek and find something in learning is through guided inquiry strategies . In support of this strategy, the group used the system to learn and make teaching materials in the form of chemistry learning modules based on guided inquiry learning cycle. The subjects were students of class X SMA Negeri 1 Lubuk Alung. This type of research is the development of research with the development of type 4D models. Validation results showed that the chemistry learning modules in the subject matter of electrolyte and nonelectrolyte solution has a moment kappa of 0.84. These results reveal that, the product is in conformity with the curriculum and the correct concept. Field trial results show the practicality of the value of products made based on the assessment of teachers' questionnaire responses with kappa of 0.91 and a moment of assessment student questionnaire responses by 0.95. Based on the results of this study concluded that the developed learning modules are very practical for use in the learning process. It is also proved by testing students' understanding of the effectiveness of a product with an average score of 85.8. It can be concluded that using the students' understanding of chemistry learning modules in the category so well that the product is very effective for use in learning. Keywords: Learning Module Chemistry, Main Material Electrolytes and Nonelectrolytes, Guided Inquiry.

소프트웨어 활용 탐구 활동을 통한 고등학생의 프로그래밍과 컴퓨팅 사고력에 대한 인식 변화와 과학 학습에 대한 태도 조사 -스크래치와 피지컬 컴퓨팅 교구의 활용을 중심으로-

최근 소프트웨어 중심사회 실현 전략을 목적으로 하는 소프트웨어 교육이 국내에서도 많이 강조되고 있는데, 이것은 정보과목 뿐 아니라 다양한 교과 활동과 연계하여 수행하도록 하고 있다. 2015 개정 교육과정에 소프트웨어 교육이 강화되면서, 소프트웨어 교육 운영지침(MOE, 2015)이 발표되었다. 이것은 교육부가 소프트웨어 교육을 얼마나 중요시하는 지를 보여준다. 소프트웨어 교육은 과학교육과도 관련이 있는데, 소프트웨어를 활용한 알고리즘 교육과 피지컬 컴퓨팅을 활용한 센서 측정 및 출력 제어 활동은 과학교육에서 최근 강조되고 있는 과학적 탐구 전략으로서 효과적일 수 있다. 또한 최근 강조되고 있는 컴퓨팅 사고력 개발을 위해서도 적절한 교육방법이 될 수 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 일상에서의 과학적 문제를 교육용 프로그래밍 언어(EPL)를 사용하는 소프트웨어와 피지컬 컴퓨팅 교구를 사용해 해결하는 탐구활동 프로그램을 설계하고 고등학생들에게 적용해 보았다. 적용 전후 학생들의 프로그래밍과 컴퓨팅 사고력에 대한 인식의 변화를 보기 위해 컴퓨터 활용 능력 설문지를 소프트웨어 교육의 성취기준과 컴퓨팅 사고력의 구성요소와 관련지어 수정하여 사용하였다. 연구 결과, 언플러그드 활동과 EPL 소프트웨어 및 피지컬 컴퓨팅 교구를 활용하여 구성된 소프트웨어 활용 탐구활동을 통해 학생들의 프로그래밍과 컴퓨팅 사고력에 대한 인식이 향상되었으며, 컴퓨팅을 통한 문제해결에 대한 자신감도 향상되었다. 또한 소프트웨어 활용 탐구활동을 경험한 학생들은 과학에 대한 흥미와 적극성, 과제집착력도 높은 것으로 나타났다. Software (SW) education is guided by the government to operate not only computer subject matter but also related subject matter. SW education is highlighted in the 2015 Revised Curriculum and Guide for Operating SW Education. SW education is related with science education. For example, education on algorithms employing SW and activities using sensors/output control can be an effective strategy for scientific inquiry. The method can also be applied in developing Computational Thinking (CT) in students. In this study, we designed lessons to solve everyday scientific problems using Educational Programming Language (EPL) SW and physical computing materials and applied them to high school students. We conducted surveys that were modified from questionnaires of Internet application capability and based on the standard of accomplishment of SW education as well as elements of CT to find out the change in perceptions on programming and CT of students. We also conducted a survey on students' attitude toward science learning after an SW inquiry activity. In the results, perceptions on programming and CT of students were improved through lessons using unplugged activity, EPL SW, and physical computing. In addition, scores for interest, self-directed learning ability, and task commitment were high.

Doing Research in Business Management; How to Choose Your Philosophy and Methodology?

Qualitative research has experienced an upsurge in business management fields of inquiry in the recent past. A methodology is selection, justification and sequential arranging of activities, procedures and tasks in a research project. Research methodology can no longer be confined to a set of universally applicable rules, conventions and traditions. A research paradigm is a set of propositions that explains how the world is perceived. There are three basic paradigms: positivist, interpretive and critical. Positivists believe that research should be objective and value-free, therefore, mainly they depend on quantitative analysis while paradigms other than positivism often guide qualitative research. Interpretivists seek understanding of the world in multiple realities and often these subjective meanings are negotiated socially and historically while critical theorists aim to criticize social reality, emancipate, empower and liberate people, and propose solutions to social problems. Qualitative ‘approaches to research’, ‘strategies of inquiry’ and ‘varieties of methodologies’ classified into five ‘types’ or ‘traditions’ namely; biography, phenomenology, grounded theory, ethnography and case study. The major criticism made of qualitative methods is that they are impressionistic and non-verifiable, post-positivists who reject this charge claiming that qualitative data is auditable and therefore dependable. Further, quantitative research is considered hard-nosed, data-driven, outcome-oriented, and truly scientific, however, even qualitative research can be hard-nosed, data-driven, outcome-oriented, and truly scientific. The less structured qualitative methodologies reject many of the positivists’ constructions over what constitutes rigour, favouring instead the flexibility, creativity and otherwise inaccessible insights afforded by alternative routes of inquiry that embrace storytelling, recollection, and dialogue.

Evaluating an Expectation-Driven Question-Under-Discussion Model of Discourse Interpretation

According to Question-Under-Discussion (QUD) models of discourse interpretation, clauses cohere with the preceding context by virtue of providing answers to (usually implicit) questions that are situated within a speaker's goal-driven strategy of inquiry. In this article we present four experiments that examine the predictions of a QUD model of interpretation when cast in terms of an integrated, expectation-driven model of discourse processing. The results of these studies together support the predictions of the model, demonstrating that contextual cues affect comprehenders' expectations about ensuing QUDs (Experiment 1), QUD expectations in turn influence the interpretation of discourse-dependent linguistic expressions (Experiment 2), and the biases associated with those expressions in turn influence the anticipation of QUDs (Experiments 3a and b).

Inquiry learning for gender equity using History of Science in Life and Earth Sciences’ learning environments

<p>The main objective of the present work is the selection and integration of objectives and methods of education for gender equity within the Life and Earth Sciences’ learning environments in the current portuguese frameworks of middle and high school. My proposal combines inquiry learning-teaching methods with the aim of promoting gender equity, mainly focusing in relevant 20th century women-scientists with a huge contribute to the History of Science.</p><p>The hands-on and minds-on activities proposed for high scholl students of Life and Earth Sciences onstitute a learnig environment enriched in features of science by focusing on the work of two scientists: Lynn Margulis (1938-2011) and her endosymbiosis theory of the origin of life on Earth and Inge Leehman (1888-1993) responsible for a breakthrough regarding the internal structure of Earth, by caracterizing a discontinuity within the nucleus, contributing to the current geophysical model. For middle scholl students the learning environment includes Inge Leehman and Mary Tharp (1920-2006) and her first world map of the ocean floor. My strategy includes features of science, such as: theory-laden nature of scientific knowledge, models, values and socio-scientific issues, technology contributes to science and feminism. </p><p>In conclusion, I consider that this study may constitute an example to facilitate the implementation, by other teachers, of active inquiry strategies focused on features of science within a framework of social responsibility of science, as well as the basis for future research. </p>

Problem-based learning on cell biology and ecophysiology using integrated laboratory and computational activities

<p><span>Since all the known biological systems require water for their basic biochemical processes, one can find several osmoregulation mechanisms on living organisms for adaptation to related environmental challenges. Osmosis is a cellular mechanism of water movement across membranes which is known to be present throughout the tree of life and occurs by either diffusion across the membrane bilayer or by a faster movement mediated by transmembrane channel proteins, called aquaporins. The expression of aquaporins is regulated at, the cellular level, by environment conditions such as hydric stress, therefore allowing the adaptation of organisms to increase salinity in soils, water deprivation and increase beverage intake. </span></p><p><span>Osmosis and diffusion concepts have been described to be difficult to learn, so, in order to promote meaningfull learning, we used a problem-based learning approach that integrates a laboratory activity and a computer simulation model of osmosis and a two phase conceptual mapping.</span></p><p><span>We observed that high school students developed adequate laboratory skills and were able to communicate their results as text and using scientific drawings; and the learning environment was adequate. Therefore we presented a successful implementation case of integrated PBL, in a public portuguese school, that may constitute an example to facilitate the implementation of active inquiry strategies by other teachers, as well as the basis for future research.</span></p>

Becoming biophilic: challenges and opportunities for biophilic urbanism in urban planning policy

Purpose This paper discusses challenges and opportunities for the implementation of biophilic urbanism in urban green planning policy through a case study of the Green living Spaces plan in Birmingham, UK. Design/methodology/approach The paper is based on document analysis and semi structured interviews as a strategy of qualitative inquiry to identify the key tenets of biophilic urbanism and its implementation in Birmingham’s urban green space planning. Findings Biophilic urbanism has its strength as an approach to create common visions and understandings of the many benefits of nature in cities, thus strengthening the position of urban green space planning. In Birmingham the potential for integrated policies connected to urban green space are shown and the concept can also be understood as a pragmatic tool to strengthen the position of urban green space policies locally as well as positioning Birmingham globally as a leading green city. At the same time challenges are connected to legal status, path dependency and leadership. Originality/value Biophilic urbanism has gotten increased attention in academia and practice and this paper contributes with a novel case study discussing how the concept has been used and understood in the Birmingham context to discuss opportunities and challenges for actual implementation.

PENGARUH COOPERATIVE LEARNING DIPANDU INQUIRY TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA SMA BERKEMAMPUAN ATAS DAN BAWAH DI KOTA METRO

The purpose of this research is to know the influence of biology teaching through inquiry integrated with cooperative towards the critical thinking ability. This research addresses the role of inquiry and cooperative learning strategy as well as these interactions towards the increase of the critical thinking ability. Quasi experimental research of Pretest-postest nonequivalent control group design with factorial design 2x2x2 were implemented on the odd semester in academic years of 2006/2007 on X grade student of the state SMA in Metro City Lampung. The research sample consists of 96 students, comprising of student from high and low academic abilities. To examine hypothesis, it is used Ancova technique and continued by LSD test. There was a difference on the critical thinking ability between students who learn by inquiry level 1 with student who learn by inquiry level 2, between students, who have high academic ability and students who have low academic ability, and there was not difference on the critical thinking ability between students who learn by STAD cooperative with student who learn by TPS. There is no effect of interaction between inquiry with cooperative, inquiry with student’s academic ability, cooperative with student’s academic ability, inquiry with cooperative and student’s academic ability towards the cognitive achievement Kata kunci: cooperative learning, inquiry, berpikir kritis

PEMBELAJARAN KONSTRUKTIVISTIK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA SMA

The purpose of this research is to know the influence of biology through constructivistic learning towards the critical thinking ability. This research addresses the role of constructivistic learning (inquiry and cooperative learning strategy) as well as these interactions towards the increase of the critical thinking ability. Quasy experimental research of Pretest-postest nonequivalent control group design with factorial design 2x2x2 were implemented on X grade student of the state SMA in Metro City Lampung. The research sample consists of 96 students. To examine hypothesis, it is used Ancova technique and continued by LSD test. There was a difference on the critical thinking ability between students who learn by inquiry level 1 with student who learn by inquiry level 2. and there was not difference on the critical thinking ability between students who learn by STAD cooperative with student who learn by TPS. There is no effect of interaction between inquiry with cooperative towards the critical thinking ability. Kata kunci: konstuktivistik, kemampuan berpikir kritis

Explanatory Typologies as a Nested Strategy of Inquiry: Combining Cross-case and Within-case Analyses

Explanatory typologies have recently experienced a renaissance as a research strategy for constructing and assessing causal explanations. However, both the new methodological works on explanatory typologies and the way such typologies have been used in practice have been affected by two shortcomings. First, no elaborate procedures for assessing the general explanatory power of a typological theory on the cross-case level have been devised. Second, rigorous selection procedures for within-case analysis are lacking. Against this background, we introduce a systematic measure that helps researchers assess the explanatory power on the cross-case level, first, within the scope set by a particular typological theory and, second, by investigating the transferability of the theory beyond these scope conditions via an increase in the number of cases. Drawing on recent methodological works on nested analysis, we show how researchers can identify key cases for process tracing based on the cross-case explanatory fit of the typological theory. We illustrate the purchase of our procedures by revisiting seminal studies from the field of comparative historical analysis.

PENGEMBANGAN MODEL BUKU PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA BERBASIS PEMBELAJARAN KONTEKSTUAL

This article is about a research with the objective of discovering a modelfor a course book based on contextual instruction for junior high school classes ofIndonesian. To achieve the objective, in the first phase of the research, that is, in thefirst year, 2007, the research had the specific objective of discoveringmanifestations of contextual instruction to serve as starting points in developingthe model. The research subjects consisted of (1) class instruction, (2) students,and (3) course books of Indonesian.The research results indicated the following. (1) When a constructivestrategy is used, the contextual manifestations are, among others, simpleformulations of objectives, uses of operational verbs, the appearance of themes,the mapping of new experiences, an appropriateness of the strategy and methodfrom the point of objectives and learners’ characteristics, and language suitability.(2) When an inquiry strategy is used, the manifestations are, among others, a matchbetween objectives and thematic basic competency indicators, consideration oflearners’ needs, appropriate selection of media, appropriateness of the strategy andmethod from the point of learners’ needs, hypothesis confirmation or testing, andgain of new experience. (3) When a question-and-answer strategy is used, themanifestations are, among others, apperception, questions and answers,encouragement through questions, and asking resource persons questions. (4)When a modeling strategy is used, the manifestations consist of imitation, givingexamples, making use of examples, and variety of examples. (5) When a learningcommunitystrategy is used, the manifestations consist of the discovery of newexperience, problem-solving through group work, development of selfdependenceas well as collaborative work, communication of learning results toothers, communication of works to others, and ethical formation. (6) When anauthentic-assessment strategy is used, the manifestations consist of variety inmethod of assessment, presentation of work, and work performance. (7) When areflection strategy is used, the manifestations consist of linking learning resultswith benefits for learners, self-development, expansion of experience, pursuit ofmeaning, creation of a feeling of pleasure, support of what one dreams to achieve,and creation of motivation. (8) The anatomy of the course book consists of (a) theintroduction, containing the title of the book, preface, table of contents, andorganization of content, (b) the content, containing the material, materialpresentation, and strategy of presentation, and (c) the conclusion, containing theevaluation, reflection, bibliography, index, and relevant answer keys.Keywords: course book, contextual manifestations and strategies

A conceptual affective design framework for the use of emotions in computer game design

The purpose of this strategy of inquiry is to understand how emotions influence gameplay and to review contemporary techniques to design for them in the aim of devising a model that brings current disparate parts of the game design process together. Emotions sit at the heart of a game player’s level of engagement. They are evoked across many of the components that facilitate gameplay including the interface, the player’s avatar, non-player characters and narrative. Understanding the role of emotion in creating truly immersive and believable environments is critical for game designers. After discussing a taxonomy of emotion, this paper will present a systematic literature review of designing for emotion in computer games. Following this, a conceptual framework for affective design is offered as a guide for the future of computer game design.

IMPLEMENTING PROJECT-BASED LEARNING CALLED AS “BEST OF BOTH WORLDS PROJECT (BBWP)’’ IN ENGLISH SYLLABUS

INTRODUCTION:There is a need in global economy for knowledge and technology due to which higher education is being viewed as central to national strategies to secure shares in the Global Human Resource Market by producing valuable human capital to support the development of the nation. According to UNESCO (2012) the contribution of universities towards economic development can be observed in three areas: (i) producing and accumulating human capital; (ii) generating, disseminating, and applying knowledge; and (iii) innovating and inventing new information and technology.According to UNESCO (2012) annually, the amount of graduates from universities around Malaysia to fulfil the current job market needs locally and internationally is higher compared to the employment rate as they are unable to secure job. The National Graduate Employability Blueprint 2012 -2017 reported that employers have identified that the most common problem with fresh graduates is their poor command in English. A research conducted by Noor Azina (2011) supported the findings and added that good grades did not guarantee employment for graduates if they did not possess a good command over English and other soft skills.In addressing this issue, the Centre for Language Studies and Generic Development of Universiti Malaysia Kelantan (UMK), has taken an initiative to implement project based learning in second language (L2) classrooms. Stein (1995) mentioned that project -based learning helps to place the learners in a situation which requires authentic use of language in order to communicate. This is because, when the learners work in pairs or teams, they need skills to plan, organize, negotiate and arrive at consensus about the project. Hence, this project, known as Best of Both Worlds Project (BBWP) combines pedagogical methods such as project-based learning, active pedagogy and traditional teaching. This project is based on drama and entrepreneurial activities which aims to stimulate entrepreneurial attributes and enhance language skills among undergraduates.OBJECTIVES:This research deals with the application of Project -Based Learning method by outlining its essence and effect from the perspectives of the students. This research thoroughly describes the Project -Based Learning environment, namely BBWP, which has been implemented and foster the process of learning in terms of language skills and entrepreneurial attributes. Finally, this research presents the results on undergraduates' perceptions towards the implementation of BBWP project at Universiti Malaysia Kelantan.METHODOLOGY:This project was carried out in one semester starting from February 2014 until May 2014 (refer to Table 1: BBWP's Timeline). This project used convenience sampling and students from all the campuses were randomly given a questionnaire to answer. After the researchers explained about the process of the project, a number of 30 participants volunteered (self -selecting sample) to join this research and they were asked to reflect and write about their experience throughout the project especially in preparing for the drama presentation as well as organizing a booth for the project.The data for this research was collected from questionnaire (closed and open -ended questions) and reflective journals written by the students, therefore this research is considered as mixed -method research. The information from reflective journal is hoped to explain on why certain issue or problem occurred and how students overcome the problem. According to Creswell (2003), mixed-method approach is one in which the researcher tends to base knowledge claims and pragmatic grounds as it employs strategies of inquiry that involve collecting data either simultaneously or sequentially to best understand the research problems.The data collection also involves gathering both numeric information as well as text information so that the final database represents both quantitative and qualitative information. …

Argument-Driven Inquiry with Scaffolding as the Development Strategies of Argumentation and Critical Thinking Skills of Students in Lampung, Indonesia

Argumentation skills as a form of communication to externalize ideas through scientific discourse is a very important process in learning of biology. Develop strategies argumentation can be one of the alternatives that can help students to improve their critical thinking skills. Students can demonstrate their critical thinking skills, especially in inquiry-based laboratory activities. Therefore, the learning process that uses the inquiry-based laboratory experiments to establish scientific arguments should be designed to develop the argumentation and critical thinking skills of student. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Argument-Driven Inquiry (ADI) strategy, Argument-Driven Inquiry with Scaffolding (ADIS) strategy, and conventional strategy on the argumentation and critical thinking skills of pre-service sience teachers in Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of Lampung University. The study had been carried out in Quasi-Experiment of Pretest-Posttest Nonequivalent Control Group design. The data of the study were collected through argumentation and critical thinking tests before and after the implementation the learning strategies. The data were analyzed by using MANCOVA and were tested in terms of the normality and homogeneity beforehand. The result of the study showed that there were significant differences in the argumentation skill between the learning activities which implemented ADI, ADIS, and conventional strategies. ADIS learning strategy was more effective in improving the students’ argumentation skills compared to ADI and conventional learning strategies. Meanwhile, ADIS strategy was as effective as ADI strategy in improving the students’ critical thinking skills than conventional strategy. This study also showed that the students’ argumentation and critical thinking skills are similar or almost similar between two academic abilities (high and low) when ADIS was applied.

Children adapt their questions to achieve efficient search

One way to learn about the world is by asking questions. We investigate how younger children (7- to 8-year-olds), older children (9- to 11-year-olds), and young adults (17- to 18-year-olds) ask questions to identify the cause of an event. We find a developmental shift in children’s reliance on hypothesis-scanning questions (which test hypotheses directly) versus constraint-seeking questions (which reduce the space of hypotheses), but also that all age groups ask more constraint-seeking questions when hypothesis-scanning questions are least likely to pay off: When the solution is one among equally likely alternatives (Study 1) or when the problem is difficult (Studies 1 and 2). These findings are the first to demonstrate that even young children dynamically adapt their strategies for inquiry to increase the efficiency of information search.

Research Tool Design: Constructing Research Tools as Catalyst

The purpose of this paper is to examine research tool from the analytical exploration of existing literature and views on research tool design. The paper explores and analyzes research tool in relation to research types and philosophical paradigm. Tool is explored from the restricted sense of data collection of any form on the one. On the other, tool is seen in wider range of methods, techniques and strategies of inquiry to move beyond limitation. Study design involves systematic reviews of existing literature on tool design. Secondary data and information are collected from journals, books and publications related to research methodology. Research tool design is identified as both a study design and a procedure of data collections in many forms from diverse fields. Journal of NELTA Surkhet Vol.4 2014: 91-97

Pushing Or Pulling Of The Business By Family Members: A Study Of Family Businesses In Sri Lanka

Abstract A number of family business researches affirm benefits of family involvement to the business while some of other studies assure only detriments of family involvement. When comparative studies of family businesses begin to surface on the family involvement in business, there is that irritating question on what effect is brought about by family involvement to the business. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore business advantages and disadvantages generated by family involvement in businesses in Sri Lanka. The present study attempted to address the above knowledge gap, using qualitative research approach and multiple case studies as the strategy of inquiry. Purposive sampling technique was used to select both cases and respondents. Privately held, successfully conducted four family businesses were selected as cases and, existing business owner and one family related manager from each case were taken as respondents. Data was collected mainly via semi-structured, in depth interviews, observations, and secondary documents. Data collection from interviews consisted of 15 interviews with 09 different people from four cases. Before the data analysis, coding and categorization of respondents’ views from interviews helped to identify common patterns and themes from both within the case and across cases. The analysis was carried out in the light of Agency Theory and resulted in a rich understanding of business advantages and disadvantages of family involvement in businesses in Sri Lanka. The findings of this study indicated that the agency cost is created not only on business matters but also on family matters. Further, findings revealed that agency benefit also can be obtained by family business by handling the family matters carefully in line with business matters. Findings of this study clearly indicated that an extension to Agency Theory is required to explain owner agent relationship in family businesses.