Strategic Trajectory Research Articles

Communicative Competence of Leaders Staff of General Secondary Education in the Conditions of the New Ukrainian School

The importance of the development of communicative competence of the heads of institutions of general secondary education in the conditions of the New Ukrainian School is underway.
 To the conditions of development of communicative competence as a component of professional competence include understanding the leader of the importance of communicative competence in management, the ability to model communicative situations that provide a free communication process in the pedagogical and student groups; increase his professionalism; self-development of communicative abilities. Under the conditions of the New Ukrainian School, the process of development of communicative competence of heads of institutions of general secondary education is carried out with the help of new learning technologies that initiate their active self-education, organizational culture, and motivation, development of personal qualities, which allow developing a strategic and tactical trajectory of development of professional competence. The communicative competence of the heads of institutions of general secondary education as the quality of value personal and professional education, which helps to establish relations in the field of interpersonal interaction, and in the sphere of business communication is determined, which is why the emphasis is on the exceptional significance of this component in the development of the personality of the head. In the future it is planned to disclose the opportunities offered by the institutions of general secondary education in the conditions of the New Ukrainian School, the effectiveness of which depends on the level of development of the communicative competence of their leaders.

The strategic context of the three major Gulf carriers

This paper investigates the still evolving strategic trajectories and context of the three major Gulf carriers Emirates Airline, Etihad Airways and Qatar Airways. The paper utilizes data from a Delphi study conducted by the author in 2013 and 2014 which looked in part at the likely strategic future prospects of these three carriers. The study findings are considered in the current strategic context of all three carriers five years later in mid-2019. The findings of this analysis reveal that the wild card scenario of a blockage of Qatar by its neighbors was not identified in the study; however, many of the key findings and forecasts around liberalization, protectionism, alliance membership and global industry impacts all retain valuable and salient insights into their strategic contexts. This paper helps to illustrate the inherent challenges that accompany strategic forecasting, particularly for a dynamic industry like global aviation where geopolitics plays a central role. This is particularly true of emerging air markets that are not data rich, static or readily predictable. This paper concludes that the key industry insights gained from a strategic forecasting exercise such as this study outweigh concerns and issues of forecast accuracy. Much can be learned when forecast accuracy is placed into a secondary position behind industry insights gained. This is certainly the case when the three major Gulf carriers are the prime focus.

Japan’s National Security Council: Policy Coordination and Political Power

ABSTRACTIn 2013, Japan established its first-ever National Security Council (NSC) as the leading edge of ambitious reforms to its foreign-policy-relevant institutions. Within weeks, Japan’s new national security tripod was firmly in place: the top-level, political NSC ‘control tower’ as well as Japan’s first-ever National Security Strategy and National Security Secretariat. Ever since, the NSC has played a central role in every major aspect of the Japanese strategic trajectory that has attracted so much global attention (and controversy) in the ‘Abe era’. This study analyzes the motivations driving Japan’s decision to establish an NSC, the institution’s key characteristics and functioning, and offers a preliminary assessment of the current and likely future implications of this historic institutional reform. Beyond the NSC’s impact on policy, of potentially greater long-term significance is its effects on Japan’s foreign-policy decision-making processes: in particular, expanded Kantei-centered political leadership of national security affairs and more ‘whole-of-government’ approaches specifically designed to transcend the ‘vertical hurdles’ traditionally dividing Japan’s powerful bureaucracies. The goal of these reforms is as straightforward as it is ambitious: to transform Japan’s ability to flexibly and independently cope with a rapidly changing, increasingly complex, and ever more uncertain security environment in East Asia and beyond.

Sustainable and Traditional Product Innovation without Scale and Experience, but Only for KIBS!

This study analyzes the ideal strategic trajectory for sustainable and traditional product innovation. Using a sample of 74 Costa Rican high-performance businesses for 2016, we employ fuzzy set analysis (qualitative comparative analysis) to evaluate how the development of sustainable and traditional product innovation strategies is conditioned by the business’ learning capabilities and entrepreneurial orientation in knowledge-intensive (KIBS) and non-knowledge-intensive businesses. The results indicate two ideal strategic configurations of product innovation. The first strategic configuration to reach maximum product innovation requires the presence of KIBS firms that have both an entrepreneurial and learning orientation, while the second configuration is specific to non-KIBS firms with greater firm size and age along with entrepreneurial and learning orientation. KIBS firms are found to leverage the knowledge-based and customer orientations that characterize their business model in order to compensate for the shortage of important organizational characteristics—which we link to liabilities or smallness and newness—required to achieve optimal sustainable and traditional product innovation.

The Data Engagement Opportunities Scaffold: Development and Implementation

While interest in research data management (RDM) services have grown, clarifying the path between traditional library responsibilities and RDM remains a challenge. While the literature has provided ideas about services and student-/researcher-focused data information literacy (DIL) competencies, nothing has yet brought these skill sets together to provide a pathway for librarians engaging in RDM. The Data Engagement Opportunities scaffold was developed to provide a strategic trajectory relating information science skills, the DIL competencies, the stages of the data life cycle, three levels of RDM engagement activities, and potential measurable outcomes. This scaffold provides direction for librarians looking to identify their current abilities and explore new opportunities.

Repeat market entries in the internationalization process: The impact of investment motives and corporate capabilities

Research Summary: This study examines strategic and resource contingencies that shape MNEs’ country location choices. Our analysis of overseas production investments by Japanese firms (1971–2006) finds that differences in investment motives (i.e., horizontal and vertical investment) and corporate capabilities (i.e., marketing and production capabilities) moderate how prior entries into a host country affect subsequent entry decisions. In general, the positive impact of prior entries on investment in a country is weaker for horizontal investments and stronger for vertical investments. A more nuanced relationship emerges when entry decisions are analyzed in conjunction with heterogeneous corporate marketing and production capabilities. The study illustrates the novel insights to be gained from analyzing the joint impact of path dependence, managerial intentions, and corporate capabilities on country location decisions. Managerial Summary: Multinational firms often make multiple investments over time in a concentrated set of countries, accumulating superior knowledge and capabilities in these environments. Researchers have nonetheless uncovered factors that can lead firms to deviate from strategic trajectories defined by their prior investments. In a statistical analysis of country entry decisions by Japanese manufacturing firms over a 35‐year period, we found that firms’ tendencies to reinvest in the same host countries were smaller for horizontal (i.e., market‐seeking) investments but greater for vertical (i.e., efficiency‐seeking) investments. We also found that organizational capabilities influence the geographic trajectory of international expansion: firms with stronger marketing and production capabilities were less likely to be influenced by the locations of prior entries and were more likely to invest in new countries.

The Strategic Audit

Much of what has been written, taught, and said about corporate governance to-date was in connection with how to protect you and your personal assets from potential personal liabilities as a corporate director. Unfortunately, it was NOT about how to be a value-added corporate director. As already observed by Donaldson, more than twenty years ago, one problem which I see with many of these writings on governance (and it did not change much over the last twenty years) is that they are concerned only with broad principles of governance and offer little practical guidance on how to be a value-added board member. More important, these writings do not directly address the fundamental issue at the heart of investors’ concern, namely, “the capacity of the board to intervene in the face of an unsuccessful or ailing business strategy”, or, that an economically successful strategic trajectory is pursued. This article shows you the way. It will also give you and your company the discipline to avoid to balance one guru experiment on top of another. The two questions answered in this paper are: Strategic audit: What should it be? And, what should it contain?

Domestic Factors and Strategic Partnership: Redefining Philippines‐Japan Relations in the 21st Century

The Joint Statements and declarations on the establishment, promotion, and strengthening of strategic partnership by the leaders of Japan and the Philippines since 2011 indicate an ardent desire toward making security and defense cooperation a salient feature of their 21st century bilateral relationship. Scholars would point to the “China factor” as a convenient reason to explain the strategic trajectory of this evolving relationship. While this study does not discount the “China factor” as a motivating force behind this change, it asserts that both nations were able to extend their partnership into the security realm because of some enabling domestic factors. Nonetheless, a Duterte Presidency may seriously derail this effort.

Global service-learning in institutions of higher education: concerns from a community of practice

ABSTRACTIn order to better understand and determine priorities of global service-learning in higher education, this study used an empowering evaluation processes to assess the strategic trajectories needed for growth in this field. Researchers organised 36 focus groups during an international summit to map the strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities for global service-learning in higher education. These focus groups generated 121 summary statements, which were qualitatively coded and analysed to assess common themes. Participants identified six main needs that could strengthen the practice of global service-learning. These needs highlight common priorities and current dilemmas faced by the emerging field of global service-learning, and illustrate the priorities needed to move this field forward in the coming years.

Patient profiles and clinical utility of mepolizumab in severe eosinophilic asthma.

Mepolizumab (Nucala®) is an effective and specific anti-eosinophil molecular therapy that has recently been approved as add-on therapy for the management of severe eosinophilic asthma by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), European Medicines Agency (EMA; European Union) and more recently National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE; UK). It is one of several molecular therapies in development for this indication and is illustrative of the strategic trajectory for pharmaceutical drug development taken over the past decade in several disease areas. Molecular therapies offer the prospect of improved specificity and effectiveness of biological effect. However, this necessitates a clear understanding of the underlying mechanistic pathways underpinning pathological processes, to inform drug development that yields novel more efficacious treatment options with a better clinical profile than existing agents. For the first time, utilization of molecular therapies in clinical trials is providing a novel in vivo model to characterize the association between specific pathways and clinical disease expression. It is increasingly recognized that asthma exhibits both clinical and pathological heterogeneity. It follows that a one-size-fits-all approach will not be appropriate and cost-effectiveness may only be achieved by identifying responder subgroups. This so-called personalized approach to therapy is being supported by the parallel development of companion biomarkers for clinical application. In this review, the author summarizes the clinical studies, their interpretation and the lessons learnt with mepolizumab that have informed our understanding of the approach to personalized molecular therapy in asthma.

Japan’s Strategic Trajectory and Collective Self-Defense: Essential Continuity or Radical Shift?

The government of Abe Shinzō and various commentators tout Japan’s moves during 2014–15 to breach the ban on collective self-defense as moderation and continuity in postwar security policy. This article unpacks the supposed limitations on exercise of the right and marks this as a watershed moment in Japan’s development of a radical security trajectory as an alliance and international security partner. The changing international security environment and growing acceptance of the indivisibility of U.S.-Japan security interests, coupled with hollow domestic legal, political, and bureaucratic constraints, heighten the likelihood Japan will use force to assist the United States.

India–Japan Relations

Prime Minister Mori’s visit to India in 2000 began a new era in the India–Japan partnership, resulting in a surge in Japanese aid and investment into India. Japanese aid facilitated infrastructure development, health, water and sanitation programmes of India. Japanese investment also predominantly flowed into the automobile and the electronic sectors. The relationship followed the standard practice that was witnessed in Japan’s relations with other countries in Asia. However, Koizumi’s visit in 2005 brought a ‘strategic’ component into the purview of the India–Japan partnership. From 2010 onwards, especially with Shinzo Abe’s ascendency as the premier of Japan in 2012, this relationship further strengthened the strategic trajectory. China’s growing presence in the Indian Ocean and in the Asian region and the changing priorities of the US have drawn the two nations closer, strengthening economic cooperation between the two countries by diverting the Japanese investment to long-term infrastructure projects and many public–private partnerships which address the strategic concerns. The main focus of this article is to highlight how the relationship between India and Japan no longer rests only on ‘complementary economic needs’, but rather that this economic cooperation is being used as a tool to gain strategic strength in the larger canvas of the ‘Indo-Pacific region’.

Geopolitics of identity: Egypt’s lost peace

This paper attempts to provide a conceptualization of Egypt’s current predicaments by process-tracing historical critical junctures and sequences of causal mechanisms that contributed to bringing about the January 2011 events. Focusing on the period between the July 1952 Revolution led by Gamal Abdel Nasser and the events of 2011, it traces the developments and changing political and strategic trajectories of the three presidents Nasser, Anwar Sadat and Hosni Mubarak. The case of Egypt is examined here as ‘an instance of a class of events’ focusing on phenomena related to the tracing of causal factors or critical junctures, and mechanisms leading to a particular outcome on 25 January 2011. It further links the uprising to that country’s 1979 ‘Peace Treaty’ with Israel. This treaty ‘de-securitized’ the latter, allowing it significant regional freedom of action. This had a causal effect on challenging Egypt’s identity-motivated action, contributing, in the process, to undermining its identity structure. An increasing awareness among many Egyptians of the link between the treaty and their identity formation is one of the main reasons for summoning the legacy of Nasser’s leadership as a source of ‘ontological security’.

Creation of the development strategy in enterprise based on dynamic SPACE-analysis

Development strategy of using modern portfolio theory focused on the short term. However, macroeconomic uncertainty and geopolitical environment makes their use ineffective. And challenge is to provide a reasonable balance between the short and long term profitability. Another issue, which is to some extent related to the previous observation is the absence in most matrices strategic recommendations for non-standard behavior of business units with dynamic analysis. This applies to the use of a relatively new tool matrix approach to development strategies the company and its strategic business units - SPACE-analysis that also takes into account not forecasts of changes in the environment impact on the company. The aim of this paper is to develop methods of portfolio analysis on the basis of SPACE-dynamic analysis and formation of the list of possible strategic initiatives for definite basic trajectories of its strategic business units energy holding DTEK. Methods. SPACE-analysis, analytic hierarchy process (ANP), expert analysis. Results. The authors proposed a methodological approach to the implementation of dynamic SPACE-analysis company. The technique involves a strategic segmentation of the company, the formation of an expert group to assess reliable energy holding the current forecast period and on four aspects of SPACE-analysis. Also, using the analytic hierarchy determined by the partial evaluation criteria. Methodology offers a weighting expert estimates within a particular group of partial criteria: sectors to competitive advantage and stability branch scale ratings is positive. The next phase involves the construction of vectors for the current and projected state holding that can be placed in one of four quadrants. Each quadrant has 4 basic strategic trajectory states, they can also be interpreted as a strategic gaps. In other words diagnosis of trajectories allows to identify and evaluate strategic gaps company or its individual business units according to specific criteria and receive partial numerical values of generalized gaps on key evaluation criteria. Conclusions. The authors matrix formed strategic decisions SPACE-dynamic analysis. The article graphically interpreted SPACE-analysis for the energy holding in three strategic business units. The study offers an integrated approach to the definition of policy recommendations for each strategic unit based on an analysis of superposition defined basic trajectories. S-trajectory or S-vectors can be represented as the sum of two vectors (vectors base paths): numbers and appropriate call intensity factors relevant basic trajectories since their values determine the degree of contribution of each of these basic paths in the integrated S-vector is a vector strategic set of strategic business units to achieve strategic objectives, transfered into numerical form by partial criteria by expert predictive testing. These coefficients also make it possible to calculate the value of integrated strategic gaps generalized criteria.

The Impact of Strategic Trajectory Optimization on Illusory Target Biases During Goal-Directed Aiming

ABSTRACTDuring rapid aiming, movements are planned and executed to avoid worst-case outcomes that require time and energy to correct. As such, downward movements initially undershoot the target to avoid corrections against gravity. Illusory target context can also impact aiming bias. Here, the authors sought to determine how strategic biases mediate illusory biases. Participants aimed to Müller-Lyer figures in different directions (forward, backward, up, down). Downward biases emerged late in the movement and illusory biases emerged from peak velocity. The illusory effects were greater for downward movements at terminal endpoint. These results indicate that strategic biases interact with the limb-target control processes associated with illusory biases. Thus, multiple control processes during rapid aiming may combine and later affect endpoint accuracy (D. Elliott et al., 2010).

Una strategia italiana di supporto alle vittime di reato in area penale minorile: azioni a costo zero

This article draws inspiration from the path of reflection, that started within the context of youth justice even before the adoption of the EU Directive 2012/29/UE establishing minimum standards on the rights, support and protection of victims of crime, and replacing Council Framework Decision 2001/220/JHA. Starting from the findings of the European project Integrated Restorative Justice Model for Victim and Youth (YO.VI.), that the author promoted and coordinated as the Applicant from the Department of Youth Justice - now Department for Youth Justice and Community - there has been a stimulating debate on the protection of the victim in the youth criminal justice system. Thanks to the contributions of distinguished experts in the fields of victimology, sociology and restorative justice as well as to an investigation of the Italian situation as regards the support services available to victims and the plurality of institutional and social actors, there has been an attempt to develop a comprehensive and articulated model of victim support services, that is able to operate synergically with restorative justice services. The aim of this contribution is therefore to advance strategic trajectories through which Italy could pursue the objectives of the EU Directive, transposed through the legislative decree of 15 December 2015, n. 212.

Ukrainian

Ukrainian

The strategic trajectory of systematic modernization of education in the context of increase the education quality

Author substantiates the strategic direction of modernization of a national education system, considered on the one hand as the organic part of all system of public administration, and on the other hand, itself consists of the interconnected steps: preschool, school, professional, postdegree education, and also the operating regional, regional, central governing bodies of education on the uniform uniting platform – ideology to an ecohumanocentrism.Determined the primary directions of modernization of educational institutions within the context of promoting personal fulfillment during life. Specifically, from these positions educational institutions must prepare graduates by such means, in order to they, from one side, would correspond to the requirements of the labor market. And from the other side, they correspond to the requirements of future self-realization in the field of labour activity, i.e., it is needed to inoculate a desire constantly to get new knowledge, abilities of them to analyse and orient this desire to them, including to the self-knowledge of "own self" by the path of active development of analytic-cognitive activity.Arriving at such strategic aims is impossible without the modernized activity of educational establishments of all stages. Through the goal orientation of activity of these establishments and state administrative structures of education on the assistance of self-realization of personality during life is system-forming idea of modernization of a national education system

Strategic Deconfliction of 4D Trajectory and Perturbation Analysis for Air Traffic Control and Automation System

Strategic 4D trajectory conflict-free planning is recognized as one of the core technologies of next-generation air traffic control and automation systems. To resolve potential conflicts during strategic 4D conflict-free trajectory planning, a protection-zone conflict-control model based on air traffic control separation constraints was proposed, in which relationships between expected arrival time and adjusted arrival time at conflicting waypoints for aircraft queues were built and transformed into dynamic linear equations under the definition of max-plus algebra. A method for strategic deconfliction of 4D trajectory was then proposed using two strategies: arrival time adjustment and departure time adjustment. In addition, departure time and flight duration perturbations were introduced to analyze the sensitivity of the planned strategic conflict-free 4D trajectories, and a robustness index for the conflict-free 4D trajectories was calculated. Finally, the proposed method was tested for the Shanghai air traffic control terminal area. The outcomes demonstrated that the planned strategic conflict-free 4D trajectories could avoid potential conflicts, and the slack time could be used to indicate their robustness. Complexity analysis demonstrated that deconfliction using max-plus algebra is more suitable for deconfliction of 4D trajectory with random sampling period in fix air route.

A Required Rotation in Clinical Laboratory Management for Pathology Residents: Five-Year Experience at Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine

Leadership and management training during pathology residency have been identified repeatedly by employers as insufficient. A 1-month rotation in clinical laboratory management (CLM) was created for third-year pathology residents. We report on our experience and assess the value of this rotation. The rotation was one-half observational and one-half active. The observational component involved being a member of department and laboratory service line leadership, both at the departmental and institutional level. Observational participation enabled learning of both the content and principles of leadership and management activities. The active half of the rotation was performance of a project intended to advance the strategic trajectory of the department and laboratory service line. In our program that matriculates 4 residents per year, 20 residents participated from April 2010 through December 2015. Their projects either activated a new priority area or helped propel an existing strategic priority forward. Of the 16 resident graduates who had obtained their first employment or a fellowship position, 9 responded to an assessment survey. The majority of respondents (5/9) felt that the rotation significantly contributed to their ability to compete for a fellowship or their first employment position. The top reported benefits of the rotation included people management; communication with staff, departmental, and institutional leadership; and involvement in department and institutional meetings and task groups. Our 5-year experience demonstrates both the successful principles by which the CLM rotation can be established and the high value of this rotation to residency graduates.