Strategic Program Research Articles

The miniJPAS survey: Maximising the photo-z accuracy from multi-survey datasets with probability conflation

We present a new method for obtaining photometric redshifts (photo-z) for sources observed by multiple photometric surveys using a combination (conflation) of the redshift probability distributions (PDZs) obtained independently from each survey. The conflation of the PDZs has several advantages over the usual method of modelling all the photometry together, including the modularity, speed, and accuracy of the results. Using a sample of galaxies with narrow-band photometry in 56 bands from J-PAS and deeper grίzy photometry from the Hyper-SuprimeCam Subaru Strategic program (HSC-SSP), we show that PDZ conflation significantly improves photo-z accuracy compared to fitting all the photometry or using a weighted average of point estimates. The improvement over J-PAS alone is particularly strong for i≳22 sources, which have low signal-to-noise ratios in the J-PAS bands. For the entire i<22.5 sample, we obtain a 64% (45%) increase in the number of sources with redshift errors |Δz|<0.003, a factor of 3.3 (1.9) decrease in the normalised median absolute deviation of the errors (σNMAD), and a factor of 3.2 (1.3) decrease in the outlier rate (η) compared to J-PAS (HSC-SSP) alone. The photo-z accuracy gains from combining the PDZs of J-PAS with a deeper broad-band survey such as HSC-SSP are equivalent to increasing the depth of J-PAS observations by ~ 1.2–1.5 mag. These results demonstrate the potential of PDZ conflation and highlight the importance of including the full PDZs in photo-z catalogues.

Экосистема как механизм государственно- частного партнерства

This very study considers the background and possibilities of implementation ecosystem in the governmental toolbar for the strategic projects. 
 The urgency of the problem is caused by the list of factors, including:
 - negative external background, affecting the availability of resources, technologies and specialists for the implementation of transformation tasks;
 - lack of socio-economic institutes which are ready to ensure the realization strategic goals at the operational level;
 - the need for rapid restructuring of the national economy, which can be provided through mechanisms of operational interaction between the government, business and the population.
 Most modern studies don’t analyze ecosystems as a tool for the supporting of strategic goals of the national economy.
 The purpose of the study is to identify opportunities and risks for the government and society while using ecosystems in realization strategic state goals. 
 The purpose of the study predetermined the following tasks:
 - Determination of the impact of negative external factors of the transformation of the national economy.
 - The role and functions of ecosystems in the implementation of strategic objectives of the national economy.
 - Scenarios and risks of ecosystem impact growth.
 The following tools are used in the study: structural and institutional analyze, modeling and forecasting. The ecosystem is considered as a complex integration platform that unites consumers and producers into a single system through end-to-end sales channels, a single financial infrastructure and communication standards. As the best practices of interaction between ecosystems and the state, the experience of implementing complex projects of the largest national ecosystems was used: Sber, MTS, Rostelecom, Yandex.
 The paper proposes the current scheme of interaction between the ecosystem and the government in the framework of the realization strategic transformation programs. The scheme is formed on the basis of a sophisticated business model (B2G2B2C), involving the participation of all macroeconomic agents. The scheme presents several functional contours: the formation and execution of a complex regional order (the essential contour of agent interaction), financial interaction between participants.
 The second part of the study examines scenarios for the development of the relationship between the ecosystem and the state from the position of influence on society, taking into account two variables: the willingness of the state to play an active role in regulating the activities of ecosystems within the national contour; the level of favorability of external rejection for ecosystems. As a result, 4 scenarios were considered that answer the questions of ecosystem development, their contribution to public welfare, and work with innovations.

Assessing The Effectiveness of University Public Relations in Crisis Management

Among organizational challenges, the pivotal role of Public Relations (PR) in mitigating crises becomes obvious. PR endeavors significantly influence stakeholder perceptions, institutional reputation, and sustained prosperity. Even venerable academic institutions contend with multifaceted risks that encompass natural phenomena, student activism, and scholarly debates. This research investigates the effectiveness of Northwestern University’s Public Relations (PR) program in crisis management, contributing significantly to both academic understanding and practical applications. Grounded in Social Constructionism, this study explores how shared perceptions influence crisis management outcomes, aiming to identify strengths and areas for improvement. Focusing on the crisis management effectiveness of the Philippines University, this research evaluates its capabilities in crisis handling, public perception management, and communication during challenging situations. Employing quantitative methods, the study involved 405 participants, including students and members of the Public Information Offices, reflecting a balanced representation across demographics. Students and Public Information Office members show nuanced but aligned perspectives, with high ratings for crisis planning, communication, media relations, and social media management. The proposed Public Relations in Crisis Management Program suggests strategic initiatives for crisis exercises, internal communication enhancements, media relationship building, and improved social media engagement. Positive perceptions underscore the organization’s crisis management strengths, providing a foundation for strategic program development. These interventions enhance organizational resilience by supporting continuous improvement and proactive crisis management. In conclusion, this study bridges the academic-practical gap in crisis management, affirming the organization’s adeptness and emphasizing the pivotal role of effective communication and engagement strategies. The proposed interventions offer actionable recommendations for further strengthening crisis management and highlight PR’s vital role in ensuring preparedness and resilience.

ACCELERATING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF AGRARIAN REFORM IN INDONESIA BASED ON THE THEORY OF DIGNIFIED JUSTICE

The agrarian reform being developed consists of asset reform and access reform. Agrarian reform is a national strategic program that has an important role in efforts to equalize the structure of control, ownership, use and utilization of land, as well as resolving agrarian conflicts, to create a just economy. The implementation of agrarian reform in Indonesia is directed at making changes to the structure of control, ownership, use and exploitation of land to ensure the realization of justice and legal certainty in the control, ownership, use and exploitation of land. With the issuance of Presidential Regulation Number 62 of 2023 concerning Accelerating the Implementation of Agrarian Reform, this Presidential Regulation is a supporting regulation to accelerate the implementation of the provision of TORA resources. From the background above, a problem formulation can be outlined regarding how to accelerate the implementation of agrarian reform in Indonesia which is based on the theory of dignified justice. In terms of providing TORA, it is necessary to have a strategy for implementing agrarian reform that is just, sustainable, participatory, transparent and accountable so that the ideals of the nation can be realized which is the goal of the formation of the Indonesian state based on the theory of dignified justice.

The Untia Coastal Tourism Village: The Driving Force Behind the Development of Makassar's New Port

The development of the sea highway through the Makassar New Port project is a threat to the management of the Untia Fishermen's Village tourism area, Makassar City. So far, the potential of mangroves in Untia Fishermen Village has become a tourist attraction. The resilience of coastal communities is needed to deal with changes in the coastline caused by Makassar New Port. This research aims to discover the socio-cultural potential in the Untia Fishermen Village so that it can be developed into a creative economic business to adapt to changes in the environment around the area. The research was conducted qualitatively by interviewing and observing four informants who have played a role in the governance of Untia Fishermen Village. Data analysis was performed using SWOT. The results showed that the strengths in the study location are social capital in the form of creativity, compliance with rules, and awareness of managing plastic waste. In comparison, the existing obstacle is the inability to use digital marketing, which still needs to be improved. Collaboration of all parties is required through community empowerment activities and establishing strategic government programs for fishing communities threatened with losing their livelihoods as fishermen.

Основные подходы к финансовым и институциональным условиям возникновения научно-образовательных консорциумов

Currently, scientific and educational consortia are becoming increasingly popular forms of collective action in the field of science and education. They are turning from static structures into dynamic communities that have a high degree of flexibility and are able to quickly respond to new challenges and trends. Consortia bring together universities, research centers, companies and other organizations in order to jointly perform scientific and educational tasks, exchange information and resources. Using their capabilities, such groups can achieve great results that are not available to one person or one organization. In science and education, various models of cooperation are used, which contribute to the creation of scientific and educational consortia. By a decree of the Russian government dated May 13, 2021, the Priority 2030 Strategic Academic Leadership program was adopted, which is aimed at supporting universities and stimulating their participation in achieving the national development goals of the country. Consortia are an important mechanism for the implementation of this program. The strategic academic Leadership program "Priority 2030" has become an important incentive for the development of consortia in the field of education and increased funding for universities. According to the data of form VPO-2, reviewed in this article, there has been an increase in the volume of cash receipts since 2021. The analysis of the main advantages of Scientific and Educational consortia shows that consortia allow solving complex tasks that are inaccessible to one scientist or educational institution. In addition, consortia ensure efficient use of resources, which is especially important in conditions of limited budgets.

Design of the intensification method with the help of FracCADE software

The object of research in the work is the FracCADE software, with which it is possible to simulate the process of hydraulic fracturing and well field, on which the intensification method is designed. This hydraulic fracturing simulator was developed by Schlumberger Ltd. based on proven physical principles of hydraulic fracturing to optimize the treatment process and proven in practice. The system includes a range of hydraulic fracturing models, from 2D models to extensive 3D simulations with lateral communication. It includes a number of complementary modules for fracturing fluid and proppant optimization, injection scheduling, real-time monitoring, pressure equalization, production forecasting and economic evaluation. Some models allow simulating the geometry of the fracture, solving proppant concentration problems, and simulating possible shielding due to proppant covering the fracture or the dehydration process. Hydraulic fracturing remains one of the main engineering tools for increasing the productivity of wells. The effect is achieved due to: – creation of a conductive channel (fracture) through the damaged (contaminated) zone around the well, in order to penetrate beyond its boundaries; – spreading of the channel (fracture) in the formation to a considerable depth in order to further increase the productivity of the well; – creation of a channel (fracture), which would allow changing, influencing the fluid flow in the formation. In the latter case, fracturing really becomes an effective tool that allows to manage the operation of the reservoir (in particular, change its filtering characteristics) and implement long-term strategic development programs. The concept of hydraulic fracturing is quite simple. In general, for relatively simple geology, the physical foundations of fracturing theory are fairly well developed and tested. For the most part, the difficulties boil down to two problems: the real geological conditions and the complex multidisciplinary nature of the fracturing process itself. The process of designing fracturing in order to achieve a certain result is closely related to rock mechanics (which affects the geometric parameters of the fracture), fluid hydromechanics (in which the tasks of controlling the flow of the working fluid and placing the proppant in the fracture are solved) and chemistry, which determines the behavior of materials, which are used during hydraulic fracturing. Moreover, the hydraulic fracturing project must take into account the physical limitations imposed by the specifics of the real deposit and well. In addition, to achieve the desired results, the fracturing operation must be carried out in strict accordance with the calculations (that is, a complete cycle in which each operation plays its role).

Analysis of Strategies to Improve Human Resource Performance in Employees Technical Implementation Unit Paser Belengkong Animal Health Center

The Paser Belengkong Animal Health Center Technical Implementation Unit (Puskeswan) was established in the context of developing animal health services and to support the prevention and control of strategic and contagious animal disease (zoonosis) programs. The concept of UPT Puskeswan Paser Belengkong is to be the spearhead of animal health services in its working area which is modern, advanced, effective, efficient, safe, comfortable. Therefore, to support the implementation of achieving these goals, it is necessary to know the extent of performance conditions and determine strategies for improving the performance of human resources for animal health services at UPT Puskeswan in Paser Belengkong District. Data analysis in this study uses SWOT analysis. SWOT stands for S: Strength, W: Weakness, O: Opportunity, T: Threts (threat). This SWOT analysis is basically a strategy by taking into account the organization's internal consisting of strengths and weaknesses and external conditions consisting of opportunities and threats. Internal conditions are conditions that are controllable (can be influenced/controlled), while external conditions are more uncontrollable (cannot be influenced/controlled). Based on the results of the SWOT research, it was concluded that the strategy for improving HR performance at UPT Puskeswan Paser Belengkong is a strategy: (1) HR arrangement according to work capacity; (2) Continue education (CE) or continuing education; (3) Increase promotion to the public.

STRATEGIC AUDIT AS A FOUNDATION FOR EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF NATIONAL RESOURCES

In contemporary conditions, strategic audit becomes not merely a tool, but a necessary prerequisite for effective management of national resources. This article is dedicated to exploring the role of strategic audit in optimizing the management of national resources. The aim of the research is to assess the impact of strategic audit on the effectiveness of management processes in the context of Kazakhstan's national resources. The main materials and methods of the study included the analysis of normative legal documents, statistical data, methods of economic analysis and comparison, as well as the case-study method. The study identified key problems and shortcomings in the existing system of national resource management, including resource dissipation and a mismatch between planning and actual needs. It is noted that strategic audit contributes to increased transparency, accountability, and efficiency in resource management, and provides an adequate assessment of the implementation of strategic plans and programs. This study has both practical and theoretical significance. The theoretical significance is reflected in the expansion of understanding of the essence and functions of the state strategic audit in the modern world. The practical significance of this study is manifested in the fact that the results of the study can be further applied in improving the management system of national resources, including through reforming and optimizing planning and monitoring processes in the public sector.

Islamic capital market support in the Indonesian halal industry development: SWOT analysis

Purpose – This study aims to analyze the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats as well as strategies for supporting the Islamic capital market in the context of halal industry development in Indonesia. Methodology – This study used a mixed-method approach in the form of a sequential exploratory design with a SWOT analysis technique. Findings – The Indonesian Islamic capital market has strengths in the successful oversubscription of sukuk issuances (both state and corporate) and growth of Islamic educational institutions. However, it has weaknesses owing to limited corporate awareness and public understanding of the market. Opportunities arise from a youthful and educated demographic, whereas challenges involve the complex issuance process and the limited involvement of State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs). Strategic programs such as integration, incentives, value enhancement, and market deepening are recommended to address these aspects and promote the role of the Islamic capital market in the halal industry and Islamic economic development in Indonesia.Implications – This study devises a range of strategic measures aimed at fostering the establishment of a conducive ecosystem that bolsters the Islamic capital market's role in advancing the halal industry and Islamic economy within Indonesia.Originality – Unlike previous research, which failed to comprehensively investigate and analyze SWOT factors, this study successfully examined and assessed these elements. Furthermore, this study goes beyond the analysis by suggesting strategic approaches to bolster the Islamic capital market's role in the development of Indonesia's halal industry.

Роль вузов в сохранении языкового и культурного многообразия регионов Российской Федерации (на примере деятельности Ассоциации финно-угорских университетов)

The purpose of this article is to determine the role of regional universities that are members of the Association of Finno-Ugric Universities and participants in the Strategic Academic Leadership Program "Priority 2030" in preserving the linguistic and cultural diversity of the Russian Federation. The article describes the main activities aimed at the development of the Mordovian, Mari, and Udmurt languages, as well as identifies the conditions for their implementation. The scientific novelty lies in defining the pedagogical potential of activities aimed at preserving the linguistic and cultural diversity of Russia for the development of the higher education system. Additionally, for the first time, an analysis is conducted on the influence of the Strategic Academic Leadership Program "Priority 2030" on the functioning of the Mordovian, Mari, and Udmurt languages. The research revealed that the implementation of the Strategic Academic Leadership Program "Priority 2030" enables regional universities to intensify their efforts to preserve the linguistic and cultural diversity of Russia through processes of digitalization, the creation of scientific innovations, and the formation of network communities for workforce preparation. The main conditions for the effective implementation of such programs can include long-term planning, an ethno-cultural approach, and interdisciplinarity. The activities focused on preserving the linguistic and cultural diversity of the country within the scientific, educational, and upbringing system of a university harmonize the process of forming national-cultural identity and intercultural tolerance of modern students.

Attitude of Students Affecting Their Interest on Physical Education Activities in a Selected University, China

The study aimed to comprehend the attitudes and interest of students at Zhangjiajie University towards Physical Education Activities. The study utilized a descriptive-comparative-correlational research method, employing a survey questionnaire. Descriptive research was centered on numerical and unchanging data as well as detailed, convergent reasoning. The study was carried out in an independent general undergraduate college in Zhangjiajie, China. A stratified random sample was taken from 8,404 undergraduate students who were enrolled during the current semester. 368 students were selected using stratified random sampling with the help of the Qualtrics Calculator for Samples. The questionnaire was divided into three parts: the demographic profile, the assessment of students' attitudes towards Physical Education activities, and the assessment of respondents' interests. The results were utilized to create a motivational strategic program aimed at improving students' interest and attitude towards participating in Physical Education activities.

FORECASTING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS OF THE MUNICIPALITY

Forecasting is a prediction, a prediction of the development of the selected object of research in the future, based on the consideration of the patterns of development of this object in the past. The article presents the main goals, objectives and principles of forecasting the process of implementing strategic programs in the territory of the municipality. The algorithm and model of the process of implementing such programs proposed by us will make it possible to increase the effectiveness of regulating the process of implementing strategic direction programs, identify threats in the socio-economic development of the municipality in question, as well as immediately respond to changes in the external environment of the municipality and the internal needs of its development, develop and make decisions regarding the process in question, as well as conduct its correction. A model for predicting threats to municipal social and economic development is also proposed, which will allow taking into account factors that may affect the process under consideration, which will allow developing a set of measures to eliminate threats and increase the effectiveness of the process considered in this article.

Original article Tracks of educational policy of the Emperor Alexander I St. Petersburg State Transport University under the ‟Priority-2030” program

The article examines the results of the implementation of the main tracks of the development program of the Emperor Alexander I St. Petersburg State Transport University (PGUPS) in the framework of participation in the strategic academic leadership program ‟Priority-2030”. Using the example of educational policy, the transformation of the scientific and educational ecosystem of the university as a third-generation university in the modern educational space is shown.The purpose of the study is to formulate the key results achieved by the staff of the PGUPS as a result of participation in the Priority-2030 program.Priority-2030 is a large-scale state program to support the activities of Russian universities and is being implemented within the framework of the national project ‟Science and Universities”. The Priority-2030 program is aimed at improving Russia’s competitiveness in the field of education, science and technology. It was launched on June 24, 2021, and its implementation period assumes 10 years.The methods of system analysis, theory of synergetics, project management and innovation were used.The key results of the implementation of the educational policy of PGUPS aimed at achieving strategic academic leadership within the framework of Priority-2030 are presented.

Genetic dissection of advanced soybean (Glycine max L.) germplasm for spring season cultivation in Pakistan

AbstractImprovement in genetic gains of crops could be achieved by phenomics' characterization of agronomic, physiological and stress-related traits. Molecular and strategic breeding programmes require broad range of foreground and background phenotypic information for crop improvement. The current experiment was performed on 123 advanced soybean (Glycine max L.) genotypes including seven local lines belongs to four different maturity groups (000-lV) to estimate the endogenous potential of various yield-related traits. The experimental trial was repeated for two cropping seasons. Four traits out of six, yield per plant (YPP), number of seeds per plant, number of pods per plant and plant height (PH), showed maximum variation (CV%) that directly correlate with variability in the subjected population. PH, number of pods, 100-seed weight and YPP showed strong positive correlation in both years. Among the principal components, factors 1 and 2 showed maximum contribution in phenotypic variability ranges from 19 to 48.5% and 26 to 47.7% in the first and second years, respectively. Number of pods showed significant positive correlation with genotypes in both years. Dendrogram showed two distinct groups of soybean genotypes. Genetic variation and association among the accessions is indispensable for effective conservation and utilization of germplasm. Principal component analysis helps to identify the diverse genotypes that will be used as a parent for various breeding programmes. These phenotypic data will be used for detection of heat stress-related quantitative trait loci with genotypic data in genome-wide association studies experiments.

A Catalog of Compact Blue Strongly Lensed Sources in the Footprint of Ground-based Surveys

We present a catalog of Compact Blue Strongly Lensed Sources in the footprint of ground-based surveys. We visually inspected the high-quality strong lensing candidates from the Kilo Degree Survey, the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program and the Dark Energy Survey. We have collected 63 multiple-imaged systems that are similar to the lensed post-blue nuggets found in Napolitano et al. and fully characterized in Li et al. Data, including gri cutouts, are made publicly available (https://cosviewer.com/en/special-objects#bluenuggets).

A results-based monitoring and evaluation system for the Namibian Child Support Grant programme

Background: Robust results-based monitoring and evaluation (ME) systems allow government to track the progress and impact of development programmes. This article focused on the current ME system as adopted for the Child Support Grant (CSG) programme of the Ministry of Gender Equality, Poverty Eradication and Social Welfare (MGEPESW) in Namibia.Objectives: The article examined whether the adopted ME processes and arrangements for the MGEPESW sufficiently track the outcomes for beneficiaries of the CSG programme to enable strategic decisions by the MGEPESW.Method: A desktop review of available literature on ME systems was complemented by a review of strategic reports and programme documentation of the MGEPESW that sets out the current ME arrangements. Further interviews with senior, middle and programme managers responsible for the implementation of the CSG programme assessed the suitability and gaps of these arrangements as well as the proposed recommendations to strengthen the existing ME arrangements.Results: The research found several gaps in current practice that hinders the MGEPESW and decision-makers in assessing the outcomes for child beneficiaries.Conclusion: Recommendations were offered to improve the current ME system to better track the outcomes of the CSG programme. This included a refined theory of change, revised indicators and strengthened institutional arrangements.Contribution: The improved results-based ME system for the MGEPESW offers a comparative base for the implementation of results-based ME systems for child-focused cash transfer programmes in similar contexts.

Prevalence and Associated Factors Related to Tobacco Consumption Among University Students in Malaysia.

Tobacco consumption is one of the major public health concerns worldwide. Moreover, alternative tobacco and nicotine products (ATNPs) are growing in popularity, especially among young adults in the past decade. The study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated sociodemographic factors of tobacco consumption among university students. A cross-sectional study was carried out among 338 university students of a private Malaysian university from March to April 2021. Data was collected using a self-administered online questionnaire with items including sociodemographic information, user status of tobacco consumption and types of tobacco product used. Descriptive statistics, Pearson's chi-square test, Fisher's exact test and simple and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed using the IBM SPSS version 26.0 to analyse the data. The prevalence of tobacco consumption in this study was 8.6% and the main tobacco product used was manufactured cigarettes. In Pearson's chi square test and Fisher's exact test, current use of tobacco was significantly associated with nationality, ethnicity, religion, school, current level of education and parents, siblings and friends use of tobacco (p<0.05). In simple and multiple logistic regression analysis, being non-Malaysian, Indian, Muslim, year 4 student and having parents or siblings who used tobacco, all had statistically significant associations with the current use of tobacco (p<0.05). Findings of this study showed that the use of tobacco among university students is concerning and warrants the need to develop and implement a strategic anti-tobacco program to limit this behaviour among university students.

Ensuring metrological traceability of reference materials of gas mixtures composition

The modern concept of metrological assurance for gas analytical measuring instruments with the use of reference materials of gas mixtures composition in cylinders under pressure is presented. The reference materials of gas mixtures composition of approved type in cylinders under pressure, which are the most often means of mole fraction and mass concentration units transfer in gas analytical measurements, are considered. The certified value in these reference materials is the content of the target component (or components) in the gas medium (analytical matrix). All the produced reference materials of gas mixtures composition, which are used for ensuring the uniformity of measurements are traceable to the State primary standard of units of mole fraction, mass fraction and mass concentration of components in gas and gas condensate media GET 154-2019, which characteristics are confirmed on the international level by the results of about 90 international comparisons. The paper presents a methodology for ensuring metrological traceability of reference materials of gas mixtures composition using GET 154-2019, taking into account the constantly increasing park of gas analytical instruments and the emergence of new measuring tasks in various fields of industry and environmental control. Currently, a park of secondary and working standards has been created at enterprises producing reference materials of gas mixtures composition, and their traceability to GET 154-2019 has been implemented according to the state verification scheme. The paper presents the results of international comparisons with participation of GET 154-2019, confirming the comparability of the obtained and reference value of the target component content in reference gas mixtures at the international level. The variety and large number of relevant gas analytical measurement tasks in various industries and the social sphere determines the need to choose priority areas for improving the existing reference base, including the structure of the GET 154 Standard and the nomenclature of reference gas mixtures. The strategic program of the Gas Analysis working group of the Consultative Committee of the Amount of Substance of the International Bureau of Weights and Measures developed for the period up to 2030 has been analysed and a review of the long-term tasks of gas analytical measurements is given. The currently existing GET 154-2019 Standard of the latest generation provides reproduction, storage and transfer of the components’ mole fraction units in gas and gas condensate media in the range from 1.5·10 –8 to 99.99999 %, and mass concentration units in the range from 1.0·10–6 to 2.0·105 mg/m3, what is confirmed by the results of participation in international comparisons and published CMC positions in the International database of calibration and measurement capabilities (about 400 CMCs positions).

Analysis of the gluon distribution with next-to-leading order splitting function at small-x* *Supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB34030301), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12375073), the Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research in Guangdong Province (2020B0301030008), the Basic Research Program (Natural Science) of Guizhou Province, China(QKHJC-ZK[2023]YB027), and the Education

An approximated solution for the gluon distribution from DGLAP evolution equations with the NLO splitting function in the small-x limit is presented. We first obtain simplified forms of the LO and NLO splitting functions in the small-x limit. With these approximated splitting functions, we obtain the analytical gluon distribution using the Mellin transform. The free parameters in the boundary conditions are obtained by fitting the CJ15 gluon distribution data. We find that the asymptotic behavior of the gluon distribution is consistent with the CJ15 data; however, the NLO results considering the "ladder" structure of gluon emission are slightly better than the LO results. These results indicate that the corrections from NLO have a significant influence on the behavior of the gluon distribution in the small-x region. In addition, we investigate the DGLAP evolution of the proton structure function using the analytical solution of the gluon distribution. The differential structure function reveals that our results have a similar tendency to the CJ15 data at small-x.