Strategic Planning Model Research Articles

Investigating the Effect of Strategic Planning on the Financial Performance of SMEs in Namibia

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are hypothesised to play a critical part and serve as a crucial source of income and employment creation in many economies. SMEs contribute about 12% of the Namibian Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and provide employment or income to about 160 000 Namibian citizens. Namibia has witnessed remarkable growth in the number of SMEs in recent decades, with over 28 000 formally registered SMEs. However, most SMEs in Namibia experience difficulties, some of which may threaten their existence. Numerous external and internal factors impact business performance: failure to develop strategic plans, lack of finance, poor financial management, and lack of suitable management skills. The literature argues that financial performance challenges faced by SMEs can be mitigated with a clear and well-articulated strategic plan. This study set out to investigate the effect of strategic planning on the financial performance of SMEs. The results confirm that strategic planning has a positive effect on the financial performance of SMEs. However, many SMEs indicated that they had never done strategic planning. The study also found that Issue-based strategic planning is a commonly used strategic planning model. Policy implications indicate that although strategic planning is found to enhance SMEs' financial performance, the majority of them lack an optimal mix of strategic planning elements. The study recommends using strategic planning to set clear financial performance targets and for relevant stakeholders to introduce policies that help equip SME owners/managers with the optimal mix of business management skills.

Analisis Perencanaan Strategis Sistem Informasi dengan Metodologi Tozer pada Sabisu Interior

Sabisu Interior is an interior design service company located in Ngawi Regency. The operational management of ordering Sabisu Interior services has not yet used an information system. Problems arise because of the increasing number of customers and demand for the number of orders. Order, production and financial data management is still carried out by recording it in Microsoft Office applications. his raises the problem of discrepancies between order data, production data and financial data. In this research, a strategic planning of information systems and information technology will be carried out using the Tozer method. Several analysis tools are used such as Value Chain, PEST, CSF and Mc. Farlan Strategic Grid to provide an overview of IS/IT implementation. The research objective is to produce a portfolio of IS/IT strategic planning models that support Sabisu Interior's business strategy and vision and mission. The formulation of IS/IT strategic planning using the tozer method in this study produced an IS/IT strategic planning portfolio document. The results of this research in the form of a portfolio document contain 9 proposals for implementing IS/IT which will be used as recommendations for Sabisu Interior to make decisions regarding the development of IS/IT for the company in the future.

Developing a strategic planning model for developing, monitoring and evaluating digital transformation initiatives: a soft system approach

PurposeThis research aims to develop a strategic planning model for developing, monitoring and evaluating digital and sustainable transformation initiatives in organizations. The purpose of this model is to provide a useful tool for managers and practitioners in the field of digital transformation.Design/methodology/approachThis research draws on the soft systems literature and combines the reference models of the balanced scorecard and the logical framework approach to develop the model. The model identifies the key dimensions to be considered in the planning, monitoring and evaluation phases of a digital transformation initiativeFindingsThis research makes important theoretical and practical contributions to the literature on digital transformation. This study enriches the literature and proposes a model that is useful both in the strategic planning phase and in the ex-post evaluation. The model identifies the key dimensions to be considered in the planning phase of a digital transformation initiative and describes the dimensions to be taken into account when monitoring the development of the initiative and the final evaluation of the impact achieved.Originality/valueThis model is original in its approach, as it draws on the soft systems literature and combines the reference models of the balanced scorecard and the logical framework approach. The model provides a useful tool for managers and practitioners that has normative and prescriptive value. The research makes important contributions to the literature on digital transformation by proposing a model that considers both the theoretical and practical aspects of digital transformation initiatives.

Strategic Planning Model and its Impact on the Development of Micro-Enterprises in the Services Sector in Mexico

Purpose: The aim of this study is to offer the design of a strategic planning model for micro-enterprises from services economic sector in the State of Hidalgo, Mexico and measure its impact on their growth and development.
 
 Theoretical framework: The research reviewed a variety of strategic planning models, which contributed in the design of this new model tailored to Hidalgo’s micro-enterprises from services sector, the main objective is to contribute to their growth and development. Larios (2016), refers to the strategic process sequential model as the set of activities which are conducted in a specific sequence in order to project the future of the organization and achieve their vision, Larios (2016), establishes that this model is made of three stages: designing, implementing and evaluating which is completed by adding conclusions and recommendations. On the other hand, the strategic planning model proposed by Stanton, Etzel and Walter suggests a logical sequence that combines strategic and marketing planning, establishing the specific route that the marketing department needs to follow (Chávez, 2017). A detailed description of the models reviewed during the research work is presented in the literature review section.
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 Design/methodology/approach: The study applies a quantitave methodology with a non-experimental and transactional – correlational. A questionnaire with Likert scale of five points from totally agree to totally disagree, was given to managerial staff from the sample companies. The sample subject of study consists of 174 micro-enterprises from the services sector located in the State of Hidalgo, Mexico. The quantitative analysis conducted is based on inferential statistics, specifically multiple correlation analysis where the dependent variable is strategic planning and the independent variables are corporate philosophy, key internal factors, key external factors, SWOT analysis, situational diagnosis, objectives and strategic control (Hill y Jones 2015).
 
 Findings: The research findings are that the dimensions that have a positive effect on strategic planning are; philosophy, internal factors, external factors, and strategic objectives. This was obtained after validating the multiple regression equation;

Using the Fuzzy Best Worst Method for Evaluating Strategic Planning Models

During the last few decades, various strategic planning models have been suggested in the literature. It is difficult for a company to decide which of these models is most useful to adopt, as each of them shows different strengths and weaknesses. We consider this problem a multicriteria decision problem and investigate the evaluation of six strategic planning models in the context of smaller and medium-sized manufacturing companies in Iran. We consider a methodology that supports the analysis of the input from several decision-makers based on multiple criteria and assume vagueness in the input data elicited from them. For the purpose considered, the fuzzy best worst method (FBWM) appears appropriate. Based on a literature review, six evaluation criteria for strategic management models are considered: formality, clarity, measurability, objectivity, coverage, and consistency. These criteria are evaluated based on the input provided by thirteen managers using linguistic variables. FBWM is used to provide criteria weights that are used to determine fuzzy scores for the six considered strategic planning models. Finally, a defuzzification of the scores indicates the model by Wright is best suited for the application purpose. A consistency analysis included in FBWM shows that the input provided by the managers is sufficiently consistent.

Strategic planning model for the construction and remediation of irrigation networks: A case study for Egypt

Strategic planning model for the construction and remediation of irrigation networks: A case study for Egypt

Recovery & Survival Strategies of The Impact of Covid-19 at Hotel Losari Villas-Legian and Hotel Losari Sunset Road Bali

The Covid-19 Pandemic outbreak has caused the economic sector to decline drastically and especially Bali tourism on all fronts, because the tourism sector is the mainstay of the Balinese economy. This impact was also experienced by the hotel industry with a decrease in THK. This research aims to explore how the impact of Covid-19 has had on THK, ADR and Revpar Hotel Losari Villas-Legian and Hotel Losari Sunset Road Bali, and how strategies for survival and recovery strategies have been implemented to survive. This hotel has a different target market, Hotel Losari Villas Legian with the target market for foreign tourists, and Hotel Losari Second Sunset Road with the target market for wisdom. This exploratory qualitative research approach was carried out for the period August - October 2021 through observation, interviews, literature study. Qualitative and quantitative data are processed by means of Data Collection; Data Reduction; Display Data; Figure Conclusion and Verification, obtained from cost controller, sales and marketing manager, human resource manager, revenue manager, general manager and hotel owner. Contingency Plan theory includes Incident Response Disaster, Disaster Recovery Plan, Business Continuity Plan, and RTO, RPO, MTD, and WRT Route Maps to analyze how the stages of dealing with a hazard situation, and the ability to overcome a disaster or crisis that occurs. The results of this study indicate that THK, ADR, RevPar have decreased which resulted in decreased hotel revenue. Also, carry out a survival strategy to maintain the resilience of the hotel business by carrying out strategies in marketing, HR, operations, finance, IT and research and development; Recovery Strategy by developing a Strategic Recovery Plan Model with six stages of a strategic recovery plan. The implementation of the survival strategy and recovery strategy provides benefits for hotel management to continue to run hotel operations.
 Keywords: room occupancy rate, average daily rate, revpar, hotel revenue, hotel business resilience

MODELING STRATEGIC PLANNING FOR SUSTAINABLE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE IN SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

This paper proposes a knowledge-based customer-centric strategic model to respond to environmental challenges and achieve sustainable competitive advantage (SCA) in the supply chain management (SCM) context. The proposed model strives to leverage knowledge-based distinctive core competencies (DCCs) to improve customer satisfaction and achieve SCA. An exploratory research design has been adopted. The study undertook a systematic literature review approach with 36 articles or books published between 1970 and 2020 to construct the strategic planning model. The paper presents an integrated multi-dimensional model for SCM, including value chain activities, competitiveness strategies, business process re-engineering (BPR), and SCA. The practical result of the article is to develop a theoretical strategic planning model for SCM as a holistic framework for using the company’s DCCs and creating an SCA in a highly competitive and dynamic business environment. The proposed model comprehensively covers the supply chain (SC)’s competitive advantage strategy. For businesses that tend to adapt and triumph, the proposed model helps reduce order cycle times, reduce inventory levels, increase accuracy and efficiency, reduce costs, and improve customer service and satisfaction.

Формирование инструментария стратегического планирования для управления развитием российских агломераций

The development of the methodological apparatus of strategic planning of meso-economic systems has been a burning issue of the scientific community for the past two decades. However, currently, domestic practice pays insufficient attention to the regulation of agglomeration processes using strategic planning mechanisms. In particular, there is no unified methodological approach to the development of strategic plans for urban agglomerations at the federal, regional and municipal levels of public administration. It should be noted that some Russian regions are actively implementing the institution of strategic planning for urban agglomerations. However, these practices are adapted approaches from corporate management, which cannot be fully used due to the difference between the goals of corporate and public management. Strategic planning of agglomerations is a basic form of spatial planning, which aims to determine the purpose of territories based on a set of socio-economic, environmental, cultural-historical, political-management and other factors. The implementation of this process is aimed at sustainable development of territories, increasing the infrastructure provision of spatial development, ensuring that the interests of citizens and their associations are taken into account. The aim of the article is to work out the model of strategic planning for managing the development of urban agglomerations. The problems and prospects of strategic planning and management in Russian agglomerations are revealed, the regional practices of regulating agglomeration processes are considered. The analysis of existing strategic planning in Russian agglomerations has been carried out. Scientific novelty of the research lies in the definition of new approaches to the formation of strategic planning of urban agglomerations at the regional level. The use of strategic management tools at each stage of strategic planning of agglomeration processes has been substantiated. The author’s model of strategic planning of urban agglomerations is developed. The practical significance of the article lies in the possibility of using the developed model of strategic planning for the formation of development strategies and program-target documents of urban agglomerations. The following methods are used for the study: comparative analysis, content analysis, graphical method and system approach, methods of observation and modeling, etc.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ СТРАТЕГІЧНОГО ПЛАНУВАННЯ ПРОМИСЛОВИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ ЗА УМОВ ЄВРОІНТЕГРАЦІЇ

The approaches of economist scientists to the definition of strategic planning of the enterprise, its purpose and goals to ensure the development of financial and economic activity have been studied. The main criteria that should be taken into account in order to successfully organize strategic planning processes at an industrial enterprise are substantiated. The effectiveness of strategic planning at an industrial enterprise depends on the formation of strategic plans, therefore it is necessary for managers to clearly define their principles. The basic principles of the formation of strategic plans of industrial enterprises under the conditions of European integration, on which the effectiveness of strategic planning depends, are determined. The main directions of changes to the approaches to the strategic planning of enterprises in the conditions of the strengthening of the European integration processes are revealed. Modern methods of strategic planning are characterized, which are the basis for the formation of forecast indicators, plans, projects and strategies for the development of the enterprise. For the successful implementation of the development strategy of an industrial enterprise, it is important to choose strategic planning methods that would provide an opportunity to form an information and analytical base regarding forecast indicators, strategic plans and projects. Strategic planning methods that can be used by enterprises include: socio-economic analysis methods, direct engineering and economic calculations, economic-mathematical methods, balance method, expert methods and methods of system analysis and synthesis. It was concluded that the management staff, based on the features, capabilities and characteristics of the enterprise, chooses its own approach to the organization of strategic planning based on well-founded principles and models. Because of that, the strategic planning models that domestic industrial enterprises choose in practice are given. In the strategic management of an industrial enterprise, it is worth distinguishing approaches to strategic and long-term planning, because in the context of factor characteristics, they have a number of differences. Effective strategic management of industrial enterprises involves the study of both resource and financial opportunities and the overall potential of the enterprise. In the context of the strategic development of the enterprise, capacity building is based on the study and coordination of factors of both the internal and external environment. A number of tasks regarding the improvement of strategic planning at industrial enterprises in the current conditions of operation are singled out.

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Model for the development of design solutions in the framework of strategic planning for the development of rural areas

The authors present a model for analyzing the current state of rural areas and developing design solutions for strategic development. Based on the analysis of the methods used in the course of strategic planning, the authors highlight the advantages and disadvantages of the methods of analysis used. The essential characteristics of the model are revealed from the standpoint of strategic planning and actions of local governments. The purpose of the study is to offer a unified model for effective strategic planning for the development of rural areas, which increases the efficiency of local governments. The proposed indicators and steps of step-by-step strategic planning are revealed in a meaningful way, the need to take them into account in strategic planning is substantiated.

Integrating DEA, balanced scorecard, and Lean Six Sigma in a total quality model for strategic planning and improving organisation performance: a case study

Integrating DEA, balanced scorecard, and Lean Six Sigma in a total quality model for strategic planning and improving organisation performance: a case study

Particulars of using strategic planning models for companies in the Republic of Moldova

Recent data from the world economy show that 60 percent of all organizations cease to exist even in the first year of activity. According to the opinion of experts, one of the main causes of these failures consists in the inability of entrepreneurs to plan their business. In order for a business to be, successful, strategic planning of all business activities is necessary. That is exactly why strategic planning is one of the most important key elements of a successful business, because only with its help can possible risks be forecast and avoided. Strategic planning is a disciplined effort to produce the fundamental decisions and actions that formulate and shape what an organization is, what it does and why it does it. To achieve the best results, strategic planning involves obtaining broad information in an efficient manner, developing and exploring alternative strategies, and focusing on the future implications of present decisions. Strategic planning can help facilitate communication and participation, accommodate divergent interests and values, lead to prudent and reasonably analytical decisions, and promote successful implementation.

Addressing challenges in municipal management: a strategic planning model for South Lima

Addressing challenges in municipal management: a strategic planning model for South Lima

Addressing challenges in municipal management: a strategic planning model for South Lima

Addressing challenges in municipal management: a strategic planning model for South Lima

Digital transformation of the economy at the regional level: strategy and specifics

The article defines the concepts of strategic planning, digitalisation, digital transformation in relation to public administration. The specifics of digital transformation in this field at the regional level are analyzed and an assessment of the effectiveness of the implementation of its components is made. The authors note that the direct use of foreign models of strategic planning in the field of digital transformation is problematic in Russian practice, since they do not consider the specifics of the Russian economy associated with the weak economic development of territories. It is concluded in the text that it is necessary to create a system of state strategic planning that takes into account these features. Disadvantages of strategic planning of digital transformation are investigated, mechanisms of research of typical errors are studied. The basis of this research was the analysis of strategic attitudes in the field of digital transformation of business processes and social interactions of the Krasnoyarsk Krai of the Russian Federation. A critical assessment and completeness of the methodological provisions of the federal project Digital Public Administration is carried out, the positive and negative aspects of this document are investigated. The article assesses its impact on the digital transformation in public administration in the Krasnoyarsk Krai. The authors reveal the inconsistency of goal-setting with the idea of digital transformation, the lack of alignment of relations between stakeholders, the low methodological study of the issue and the insufficient assessment of regional specifics. It is concluded that at present the digital economy development strategy is not fully provided with the necessary amount of funding and does not reflect the needs of strategic planning of digital transformation in the public administration system.

A long-term forecasting and simulation model for strategic planning of hospital bed capacity

Growing healthcare needs leverage the potential savings of using resources efficiently. To that end, ProMoBed is a comprehensive model that supports strategic planning of bed capacity in inpatient hospitals. The model consists of an extrapolation and simulation component, the former supplying input for the latter. The extrapolation model forecasts admission rates and the average Length of Stay for pathology groups, and corrects for demographic changes. Subsequently, the simulation model emulates the demand for bed capacity, and makes service-level based bed capacity suggestions. Additionally, the model uses the Shapley value principle to disaggregate the effects on demand for inpatient days due to different causes. Results from the extrapolation model are applied to regions in Belgium, showing expected divergence in inpatient day demand evolution.

Identification and Evaluation of Covid-19 Control Strategies in Kashan Schools Using SWOT and QSPM Matrix

Background: Since the end of 2019, the emergence and spread of the Covid-19 pandemic has been raised as one of the challenges and problems of humanity in various dimensions, especially in the health sector. Due to the disease's high infectivity, controlling and breaking the chain of infection is especially important for vulnerable groups. Therefore, the present study was conducted to identify and evaluate Covid-19 control strategies in schools in Kashan. Methods: The present study is descriptive-analytical, using strategic management tools called strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) and a quantitative strategic planning model (QSPM) of the situation of schools during the Covid-19 pandemic in 2021. Results: The findings from the SWOT matrix show the existence of 10 opportunities, 11 weaknesses, ten threats, and 14 strengths in the studied schools. The score of 2.45 obtained from the total scores of the internal factor analysis matrix indicates that existing weaknesses prevail over the schools' strengths in the disease control management field. Also, the score of 2.515 obtained from the analysis matrix of external factors shows that this institution has more favorable opportunities to reduce external threats and internal weaknesses. Conclusions: Based on these findings, the final solution for implementing the methods of controlling the disease of COVID-19 in Kashan schools is a conservative strategy. Therefore, the implementation of the presented strategies, especially the implementation of related educational guidelines, is necessary to control Covid-19.

Coupling effects of cross-region power transmission and disruptive technologies on emission reduction in China

Under the 2060 carbon neutrality commitment, China's power system will integrate high-share renewable energy and deploy disruptive technologies. We improved the integrated resource strategic planning model by considering cross-region power transmission and disruptive technologies (IRSP-cptdt), to reveal the coupling effects on fossil energy phase-down and emission reduction. The results show that China's power system will achieve near zero emissions by 2052, and provide 225 million tons of negative carbon per year by 2060 in an ambitious scenario, while the installed capacity of coal power cofiring with biomass, equipped with carbon capture and biomass power equipped with carbon capture will be 230GW and 102GW respectively. Compared to a counterfactual business-as-usual scenario, it will reduce CO2 emissions by 30.32 billion tons during 2021–2060 period, among which demand-side management contributing 0.24 billion tons, new energy storage 2.68 billion tons, cross-region power transmission 22.93 billion tons, and carbon capture technology 4.47 billion tons.