Storage Sectors Research Articles

Embodied Carbon in China's Export Trade: A Multi Region Input-Output Analysis.

With the rapid growth of China’s export trade and increasing pressure of domestic carbon emission reduction, the issue of carbon embodied in export trade has attracted increasing attention from academic circles. This paper has constructed a calculation model for embodied carbon in China’s export trade by using the multi-region input-output model and the international input-output data from the World Input-Output Database (WIOD) database in order to calculate the amount of embodied carbon. Our objective is to analyze the main source industry and specific sectors of embodied carbon in China’s export trade, and to provide a quantitative basis for emission reduction under the “carbon neutrality” strategy. The findings reveal that the embodied carbon in China’s export trade mainly comes from the secondary industry, which accounts for more than 90% of the total embodied carbon in export trade, while the proportions of embodied carbon in the primary industry and the tertiary industry are relatively low, about 1% and 5–7%, respectively. In terms of specific sectors, the crop and animal production and hunting sectors have the largest share (over 60%) of embodied carbon in the export trade of the primary industry; in the export trade of the secondary industry, the main sources of embodied carbon are the manufacturing sector and the power, gas, steam and air-conditioning supply sectors, respectively accounting for around 50% and 45% of the total embodied carbon in the export trade of the secondary industry; as for the tertiary industry, the transport and storage sectors have the largest share of embodied carbon in the export trade, which is around 70%. Based on the above research results, this paper has provided relevant policy recommendations, which are optimizing the export structure, improving the energy consumption structure and the carbon emissions trading system.

Load distribution influence on the mechanical state of reinforcement concrete structures of a port storage facility

The stress/strain state of reinforcement concrete walls and foundation plate of a storage facility in the seaport of Klaipeda (Lithuania, the EU) is investigated, considering the distribution of loads from stored bulk materials. At the first, a simple test problem has been calculated: reinforcement slab 21´35 m in plane on 24 columns, which are located by a regular step. During creating the combinations of all 15 possible loadings of each „cell“, increased internal forces and reinforcement results to +20 % have been obtained. Next, a storage facility of bulk materials with dimensions 36´120 m in plane has been considered, when expected 16 loadings, 1/4 for each of four storage sectors, has been used in the FEM model. The results of the comparison with the ordinary calculation, in which each of sectors could be fully filled or be empty, have presented. The investigation results can be used for developing of industrial recommendations for the designing of storage facilities.

Pathway to Complete Energy Sector Decarbonization with Available Iridium Resources using Ultralow Loaded Water Electrolyzers.

We present ultralow Ir-loaded (ULL) proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE) cells that can produce enough hydrogen to largely decarbonize the global natural gas, transportation, and electrical storage sectors by 2050, using only half of the annual global Ir production for PEMWE deployment. This represents a significant improvement in PEMWE's global potential, enabled by careful control of the anode catalyst layer (CL), including its mesostructure and catalyst dispersion. Using commercially relevant membranes (Nafion 117), cell materials, electrocatalysts, and fabrication techniques, we achieve at peak a 250× improvement in Ir mass activity over commercial PEMWEs. An optimal Ir loading of 0.011 mgIr cm-2 operated at an Ir-specific power of ∼100 MW kgIr-1 at a cell potential of ∼1.66 V versus RHE (85% higher heating value efficiency). We further evaluate the performance limitations within the ULL regime and offer new insights and guidance in CL design relevant to the broader energy conversion field.

Hierarchical 3D Oxygenated Cobalt Vanadium Selenide Nanosheets as Advanced Electrode for Flexible Zinc-Cobalt and Zinc-Air Batteries.

Highly flexible quasi solid-state batteries are promising in next-generation energy storage sectors due to their high energy density, power density, and low manufacturing cost. However, poor cycle life seriously limits their application in industrial sectors. Herein, a novel strategy is established to design the oxygenated cobalt vanadium selenide (O-Cox V1- x Se2 ) nanostructures for high-performance quasi solid-state (QSS) zinc-cobalt batteries (ZCBs) and zinc-air batteries (ZABs). Density functional theory (DFT) calculation reveals that the doping effect of Co2+ into O-VSe2 nanostructure could increase the density of states near the edge of the conduction band, demonstrating ultrafast electron transport kinetics. Most interestingly, the optimal O-Co0.33 V0.67 Se2 cathode-based QSS-ZCB exhibits an ultrahigh specific capacity of 422.7 mAh g-1 at a current density of 1 A g-1 , excellent energy density of 186.4Wh kg-1 , tremendous power density of 5.65kW kg-1 , and ultralong cycle life (86.9% capacity retention after 3000 cycles). Furthermore, O-Co0.33 V0.67 Se2 air-cathode based QSS-ZAB delivers a peak power density of 162mW cm-2 and ultralong cycle life over 100 h. These experimental and theoretical studies indicate that the electrochemically induced, cobalt stabilizes the vanadium is essential to boost the energy storage properties and cycle life of both ZCBs and ZABs.

Antimicrobial Activity of Pomegranate Peel and Its Applications on Food Preservation

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruit is being cultivated since the civilization is known, and its production and consumption have been increased since the last century due to the scientific confirmation of its health benefits. Pomegranate fruits, fruit juice, its seeds, and peels are known to have higher contents of bioactive compounds, viz., phenolic acids, flavonoids, and hydrolysable tannins. The peels of pomegranate fruits are the major by-products produced during food processing of pomegranate enriched in antioxidants and broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents and can prevent food deterioration even. This health potential of pomegranate is known to vary significantly upon the varieties, growing conditions, cultivation practices, stages of the development, and the extraction methods. Herein, the biochemical composition of the pomegranate peel extract (PPE), its efficacy in food preservation, and antimicrobial activities are discussed to provide a comprehensive guide for farmers, food processing, and storage sectors and academia.

Effects of Coronavirus on Nepalese Economy

This article, Effects of Coronavirus on Nepalese Economy, focuses on the effects the coronavirus had on the economic growth in Nepal during the pandemic situation. The main objective of this study was to explore the effects of COVID-19 on the Nepalese economy and to provide some guidance to policymakers to minimize the economic losses from COVID-19. This study employed a descriptive research design to explore the impact of COVID-19 on Nepal’s GDP growth. The results indicate that the virus was found to be hitting these sectors hardest: mining and quarrying, industrial sectors, construction sectors, hotel and restaurant sectors, transportation, communication, and storage sectors. The expected growth rate of these sectors exhibits negative scenarios; however, the estimated growth rate of fishery, electricity, gas and water, health and social work, and public administration and defense exhibits positive scenarios.

Biochemical Composition of Propolis and Its Efficacy in Maintaining Postharvest Storability of Fresh Fruits and Vegetables

Propolis, also called “bee-glue,” is a natural resinous substance produced by honeybees from plant exudates, beeswax, and bee secretions in order to defend the hives. It has numerous phenolic compounds with more than 250 identified chemical compounds in its composition, which are also known to significantly vary according to the plant sources and season. Moreover, it has a long history in the traditional and scientific medicine as having antibacterial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-infective, and wound healing effects since 300 BC. In addition to its nutritional and health-promoting effects, it has been reported to improve the postharvest storability of fresh fruits, vegetables, and processed food products. Herein, the biochemical composition and the efficacy of propolis in maintaining the postharvest storability of fresh food products were discussed to provide comprehensive guide to farmers and food processing and storage sectors and to scientists. This review paper also highlights the important points to which special attention should be given in further studies in order to be able to use propolis to develop biopreservatives industrially and for quality preservation during storage.

Conversion of laboratory paper waste into useful activated carbon: a potential supercapacitor material and a good adsorbent for organic pollutant and heavy metals

In this study, laboratory tissue paper and hardboard waste were utilized to synthesize activated carbon (AC). The structure, morphology, zeta potential and particle size of the synthesized AC is investigated using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, zeta seizer and particle size analysis techniques. The synthesized AC is used as an adsorbent for removal of Methylene blue (MB) and chromium ion from aqueous solution. AC adsorption efficiency is analyzed using a UV–Vis spectrophotometer. The adsorption capacity of the tissue paper derived activated carbon (T-AC) is greater than that of the hardboard derived activated carbon (H-AC). MB adsorption by T-AC and H-AC data fitted well to the Langmuir isotherm model. The thermodynamic parameters such as Gibbs free energy (∆G), enthalpy change (∆H) and entropy change (∆S) are calculated for both the T-AC and H-AC adsorbents. Moreover, the dye adsorbed T-AC and H-AC exhibit good specific capacitance value of about 260 Fg−1 and 155 Fg−1 at a constant current density of 0.5 Ag−1. The specific capacitance is maintained to an extent of 92% and 71% even after 1000 cycles for T-AC and H-AC respectively. It is encouraging that the results obtained have opened up ways of utilizing laboratory waste materials for producing materials useful in environmental remediation and energy storage sectors.

Understanding the Thermal Treatment Effect of Two-Dimensional Siloxene Sheets and the Origin of Superior Electrochemical Energy Storage Performances.

Two-dimensional siloxene sheets are an emerging class of materials with an eclectic range of potential applications including electrochemical energy conversion and storage sectors. Here, we demonstrated the dehydrogenation/dehydroxylation of siloxene sheets by thermal annealing at high temperature (HT) and investigated their supercapacitive performances using ionic liquid electrolyte. The X-ray diffraction analysis, spectroscopic (Fourier transform infrared, laser Raman, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) studies, and morphological analysis of HT-siloxene revealed the removal of functional groups at the edges/basal planes of siloxene, and preservation of oxygen-interconnected Si6 rings with sheet-like structures. The HT-siloxene symmetric supercapacitor (SSC) operates over a wide potential window (0-3.0 V), delivers a high specific capacitance (3.45 mF cm-2), high energy density of about 15.53 mJ cm-2 (almost 2-fold higher than that of the as-prepared siloxene SSC), and low equivalent series resistance (compared to reported silicon-based SSCs) with excellent rate capability and long cycle life over 10 000 cycles.

Inequitable job accessibility across educational and hukou groups in Beijing: An analysis of transit-based accessibility to sectoral jobs

This paper documents inequitable transit-based accessibility to sectoral jobs among population groups with different educational attainment and hukou status in Beijing, China. A cumulative transit-based job accessibility measure is applied and multiple data sources are used, including the transit travel-time data from a Chinese web mapping service and the population and employment distribution data from the 2010 Population Census and the 2013 Economic Census of Beijing. We find clear differences in transit-based job accessibility among employment sectors and among population groups in Beijing. On average, jobs in the finance sector are the most accessible by transit, and jobs in the manufacturing sector are the least accessible by transit. Despite having the highest transit dependency, the low-educated migrant population has the lowest transit-based job accessibility regardless of employment sectors. The disparities are especially large when tying specific populations with specific sectors. Within 60 minutes, the low-educated migrant population using transit, on average, can only access 4.6% of total manufacturing jobs in Beijing. In contrast, the same measure for the highly educated local population accessing jobs in the finance sector is as high as 48.3%. The findings suggest that general transit improvements and jobs and population redistribution efforts, without specific sectoral and population considerations, are unlikely to create equal access to job opportunities. In Beijing, greater attention must be paid to connect the low-educated migrant population to low-skilled and decentralized jobs in the manufacturing, construction, and transportation and storage sectors.

Sistem Informasi Strategi Pemasaran Produk dengan Metode Market Basket Analysis dan Sales Forecasting: Swalayan Kota Makassar

One of the large real time data storage sectors is in the marketing sector in the form of sales transactions, prices, and availability of goods stored in databases in certain supermarkets.The amount of supermarkets with the digital cash register system allow storing sales transaction data. Therefore this research aims to designed an application that contains two statistical analysis methods, namely Market Basket Analysis and Sales Forecasting using shiny dashboard package in Market Basket Analysis Menu shows various features that can facilitate businessactors in optimizing product layout in a store shelves i.e. summary products, rules table, scatter plot, graph, matrix and grouphed, and Parallel coordinats. While the sales forecasting menu shows various features i.e. a description of the number of stock items, the number of items sold, capital, profit, the highest frequency of goods sold, and the value of parameter predictions for the next periods.

A cobalt and nickel co-modified layered P2-Na2/3Mn1/2Fe1/2O2 with excellent cycle stability for high-energy density sodium-ion batteries

Considering the abundant sodium resources, sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) demonstrate great potential in large-scale electrochemical energy storage sectors which capacity and cycle stability is highly dependent on their electrode materials. Layered P2-type Mn-Fe-based oxide has been considered as one of the most promising cathodes for SIBs, while its unsatisfactory cycle performance and low energy density strongly limit practical application. Here, a Co/Ni modification strategy is proposed to optimize P2-Na2/3Mn1/2Fe1/2O2 (MF) from both aspects of reversible capacity and cycle stability, leading to the design of a new P2-Na2/3Mn1/2Fe1/4Co1/8Ni1/8O2 (MFCN). In this new layered P2-type material, the introduction of Co effectively inhibits the irreversibility of the material, and the introduction of Ni relieves the Jahn-Teller effect and reduces Mn dissolution. The simultaneous introduction of Co and Ni effectively improves the cycle stability of the electrode, indicated by the increase of the capacity retention rate from 51.5% for MF to 87.4% for MFCN over 100 discharge-charge cycles at the same current density of 130 mA g−1. Meanwhile, the introduction of Ni effectively increases the discharge voltage with the middle discharge voltage increasing from 2.8 V (MF) to 3.3 V (MFCN), thereby improving the energy density of the electrode. All above features make the new material highly promising for use as a cathode material in practical SIBs.

A polydopamine coated polyaniline single wall carbon nanotube composite material as a stable supercapacitor cathode in an organic electrolyte

Abstract

Good knowledge drives good business

This article sets out to illustrate why good knowledge and information management matters to a new business. A business is the sum total of its intellectual capital/property (‘knowledge assets’). Drawing on examples from hospitality, renewable energy storage and third sectors, it will demonstrate the value of checklists, a technical backbone, the right cultural environment and feedback loops in identifying, nurturing and exploiting knowledge assets.

A Review of Back Injury Cases Notified to the Ministry of Manpower from 2011 to 2012

In Singapore, the notification of workplace accidents and occupational diseases is a legal requirement under the Workplace Safety and Health (Incident Reporting) Regulations. This review is to identify back injury cases with physical work stresses and propose recommendations for preventive measures. Cases involving back injuries notified to the Ministry of Manpower (MOM) from 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2012 were reviewed. Using predefined criteria, cases with physical work stresses were identified and the associated variables analysed. A total of 1124 notifications involving back injuries were received from 2011 to 2012; 579 cases (52%) were identified to have physical work stresses, of which 447 cases (77%) were males and 375 (64%) of them were between the ages of 21 to 40 years. The commonest physical work stresses were carrying (35%), awkward postures (22%) and lifting (20%). Majority of the cases came from the following sectors: construction (14%), accommodation and food services (12%), transport and storage (12%), manufacturing (10%) and wholesale and retail trade (10%). We identified the main physical work stresses in the back injury cases as carrying, awkward postures and lifting. The common industries involved were construction, accommodation and food services, and transport and storage sectors. This is useful for programmes aimed at reducing physical work stresses which can lead to improved work and health outcomes for our workers.

Research on Chemical Composition Changing of Heteroatom Compounds during Asphalt Aging Process

It’s easy to cause asphalt aging in the production, storage, transportation and construction sectors; the polar compounds of asphalt in the aging process were studied by using negative-ion electrospray ionization (ESI) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometry (MS).Test results showed that, with the deepening of aging process, molecular weight of asphalt samples was increasing. Ox class compounds had the biggest content change; Content of Nx class compounds were basically stable; Content changing range of class NxOy compounds was affected by types of compounds. Aging degree of heteroatom compounds was affected by molecular condensation degree, and oxidation rate of low DBE compounds was higher than that of high DBE compounds. The result is of value to analysis of asphalt production and asphalt recycling.

Titanium doped niobium oxide for stable pseudocapacitive lithium ion storage and its application in 3 V non-aqueous supercapacitors

Developing high energy density supercapacitors is of great importance to the transportation, consumer electronics and micro-grid energy storage sectors. We introduce a new electrode combination with titanium-doped orthorhombic phase niobium oxide and polyaniline-single wall carbon nanotubes. The organic electrolyte based supercapacitor achieves an energy density over 110.3 Wh kg−1 at 150 W kg−1.

Condições de trabalho em restaurantes comerciais de uma instituição pública de ensino

The aim in this study was to assess environmental working conditions in commercial restaurants located in a public teachinginstitution in Belo Horizonte-MG, Brazil. Lighting and noise levels were assessed in the product reception sector,lunchroom, meals production and food storage areas of four restaurants. Lighting and noise levels were collected with thehelp of a lux meter and a decibel meter, at one-hour and 20-minutes intervals, respectively, from 08h00min to 12h00min,during three non-consecutive days. In addition, an interview was held with sixty employees based on the OccupationalErgonomics Analysis Questionnaire. At all restaurants, lighting levels were below recommendations for the productionreception sector, and the restaurant A, regarding for meal production. The storage sectors and the cafeteria had adequatelight intensity. Noise levels were adequate, ranging from 55.5 to 85.7dB. Employees classified their work as physically hard(47.1%, n = 28), and 33.3% (n = 20) reported that the environmental working conditions causes fatigue and/or irritationand 86.2% (n = 525) indicate insufficient space to move. The restaurants assessed presented inappropriate environmentalwork conditions, which can interfere in productivity and occupational health.

When energy storage reduces social welfare

This paper examines the potential welfare effects of storage under different market structures. This includes combinations of perfectly competitive and strategic generation and storage sectors, and standalone and generator-owned storage. We demonstrate that if the generation sector is perfectly competitive and does not own storage, then storage cannot be welfare-diminishing. Otherwise, generator-owned storage or standalone storage in a market with strategic generating firms can reduce welfare compared to the no-storage case. This contradicts conventional wisdom that adding firms to an imperfectly competitive market typically reduces welfare losses.

Exploring the Philippine economic landscape and structural change using the input‐output framework

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the degree of structural change of the Philippine economy and examine how linkages among sectors evolved during 1979‐2000.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use the input‐output tables of the Philippines to draw the economic landscape of the Philippines and to examine the degree of structural transformation that the economy has undergone since the 1970s. They perform a linkage analysis of 11 major economic sectors and through the multiplier product matrix, plot the economic landscape of the Philippines for 1979‐2000. This allows identification of the sectors that have exhibited the highest intersectoral linkages. The authors also undertake a more disaggregated analysis within manufacturing and consider export sophistication and competitiveness.FindingsManufacturing is consistently the key sector of the Philippine economy. Resource and scale‐intensive manufacturing industries exhibit the highest linkages. The authors also find a growing impact on the economy of private services and transportation, communication and storage sectors, probably due to the globalization of these activities. But overall, compared to manufacturing, the service sector exhibits lower intersectoral linkages.Originality/valueThe economic landscape of the Philippines shows the structural changes that have taken place. The empirical findings lead to the conclusion that the Philippines cannot afford to leapfrog the industrialization stage and depend solely on a service‐oriented economy, when the potential for growth still lies primarily on manufacturing. The results of this study can be used for government policy formulation. The government should institute policy reforms that directly target the industrial sector to accelerate economic growth.