Stop Trying Research Articles

Why We Should Stop Trying to Fix Women: How Context Shapes and Constrains Women's Career Trajectories.

In this review we examine two classes of interventions designed to achieve workplace gender equality: (a) those designed to boost motivations and ambition, such as those that aim to attract more women into roles where they are underrepresented; and (b) those that try to provide women with needed abilities to achieve these positions. While such initiatives are generally well meaning, they tend to be based upon (and reinforce) stereotypes of what women lack. Such a deficit model leads to interventions that attempt to "fix" women rather than address the structural factors that are the root of gender inequalities. We provide a critical appraisal of the literature to establish an evidence base for why fixing women is unlikely to be successful. As an alternative, we focus on understanding how organizational context and culture maintain these inequalities by looking at how they shape and constrain (a) women's motivations and ambitions, and (b) the expression and interpretation of their skills and attributes. In doing so, we seek to shift the interventional focus from women themselves to the systems and structures in which they are embedded.

Stop trying to carve Nature at its joints! The importance of a process-based developmental science for understanding neurodiversity.

Nature is dynamic and interdependent. Yet we typically study and understand it as a hierarchy of independent static things (objects, factors, capacities, traits, attributes) with well-defined boundaries. Hence, since Plato, the dominant research practice has been to 'carve Nature at its joints' (Phaedrus 265e), rooted in the view that the world comes to us pre-divided - into static forms or essences-and that the goal of science is to simply discover (identify and classify) them. This things-based approach dominates developmental science, and especially the study of neurodevelopmental conditions. The goal of this paper is to amplify the marginalised process-based approach: that Nature has no joints. It is a hierarchy of interacting processes from which emerging functions (with fuzzy boundaries) softly assemble, become actively maintained, and dissipate over various timescales. We further argue (with a specific focus on children with Down syndrome) that the prevailing focus on identifying, isolating, and analysing things rather than understanding dynamic interdependent processes is obstructing progress in developmental science and particularly our understanding of neurodiversity. We explain how re-examining the very foundation of traditional Western thought is necessary to progress our research on neurodiversity, and we provide specific recommendations on how to steer developmental science towards the process-based approach.

Stop trying to predict elections only with twitter – There are other data sources and technical issues to be improved

Since the popularization of social media (SM) platforms, researchers have been trying to use their data to predict electoral results. Previous surveys point out that the most used approach is based on volume and sentiment analysis of posts on Twitter. However, they are almost unanimous in presenting that the results are not better than chance. In this context, this study aims to investigate the feasibility of predicting electoral results based only on Twitter, discover the main issues, and draw guidelines for future alternative directions. For this, we reviewed the evolution of election polling and predictions, including the “polling crises” of 1936 and 1948, and their similarities with current approaches. We also built on the official SM platforms' documentation and on our experience collecting and analyzing large-scale data from many SM platforms. Lastly, we analyzed nine reviews on predicting elections with SM data from 2013 to 2021. We observed that, contrary to initial expectations, most of the current research with Twitter has been unable to solve many of the challenges encountered since initial studies, and also shares many of the characteristics of unsuccessful straw polls performed before 1936. We illustrate that by highlighting the impracticability of polling over Twitter due to several biases and technical barriers, the need for external data, the high dependency on the arbitrary decisions of researchers, and the constant change in platforms' scenarios, that may invalidate specific models. Lastly, we indicate some of the possible future directions, such as a focus on creating repeatable processes; the use of SM data as part of statistical models, instead of polling; diversifying the input data sources, including multiple SM platforms and non-SM data such as polls and economic indicators; using machine learning for regression of the vote share, rather than for sentiment analysis; and dealing with the uncertainty of the highly divergent polling results.

When is PXRD data good enough, or when should I stop trying to resolve those tiny peaks out of the baseline?

When is PXRD data good enough, or when should I stop trying to resolve those tiny peaks out of the baseline?

Stop trying to dilute field-specific training in children’s nursing

In their Nursing Children and Young People opinion article Children’s nursing: is it time to rethink field-specific training? (see March issue), Edward Purssell and Rohit Sagoo invited us to ‘rethink’ field-specific training. They argue that the COVID-19 pandemic exposed children’s nurses as ill-equipped to care for adult patients, and that neither adult nor children’s nurses are ‘trained’ to care for those aged 16-24 years.

Marketing video-enabled social media as part of your e-recruitment strategy: Stop trying to be trendy

In the war for talent, many organizations have started marketing the use of social media as a platform to communicate with and attract talent as part of their e-recruitment strategy. Recently, some of those organizations have begun replacing part of the e-recruitment process with social media platforms with video, such as Snapchat. Technology continues to advance and social media use has largely become an acceptable method for people to communicate, share ideas, and portray themselves both personally and professionally. Participants (n = 535) were surveyed regarding whether they would apply to an organization that marketed video-enabled social media as part of their hiring process, as well as their privacy concerns and attitude towards an organizations perceived trendiness. The results indicate that whilst privacy concerns exist, if organizations are only using video-enabled social media as part of their e-recruitment strategy to be perceived as ‘trendy’, then applicants are less likely to apply for the job.

The demise of the Google Lunar X Prize

None of the teams will launch in time to claim the $20 million grand prize. But that doesn’t mean they’ll stop trying.

The NFL Should Stop Trying to Weed Out Marijuana

Is the NFL’s drug-testing policy on medical marijuana out of date? In recent years, the United States has seen a rise in opioid addiction and opioid related deaths. The NFL is not immune from the opioid epidemic, as many current and retired players have addressed the troubled paradigm of needing relief from pain caused by years of playing in the NFL, but the increased risks of opioid use to treat said pain. This article addresses the current NFL policy regarding medical marijuana use and how changing this policy could ultimately benefit the health and safety of the NFL players.

Let’s stop trying to be “sexy” – preparing managers for the (big) data-driven business era

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the inadequacies of current business education in the tackling of the educational challenges inherent to the advent of a data-driven business world. It presents an analysis of the implications of digitization and more specifically big data analytics (BDA) and data science (DS) on organizations with a special emphasis on decision-making processes and the function of managers. It argues that business schools and other educational institutions have well responded to the need to train future data scientists but have rather disregarded the question of effectively preparing future managers for the new data-driven business era.Design/methodology/approachThe approach involves analysis and review of the literature.FindingsThe development of analytics skills shall not pertain to data scientists only, it must rather become an organizational cultural component shared among all employees and more specifically among decision makers: managers. In the data-driven business era, managers turn into manager-scientists who shall possess skills at the crossroad of data management, analytical/modeling techniques and tools, and business. However, the multidisciplinary nature of big data analytics and data science (BDADS) seems to collide with the dominant “functional silo design” that characterizes business schools. The scope and breadth of the radical digitally enabled change, the author are facing, may necessitate a global questioning about the nature and structure of business education.Research limitations/implicationsFor the sake of transparency and clarity, academia and the industry must join forces to standardize the meaning of the terms surrounding big data. BDA/DS training programs, courses, and curricula shall be organized in such a way that students shall interact with an array of specialists providing them a broad enough picture of the big data landscape. The multidisciplinary nature of analytics and DS necessitates to revisit pedagogical models by developing experiential learning and implementing a spiral-shaped pedagogical approach. The attention of scholars is needed as there exists an array of unexplored research territories. This investigation will help bridge the gap between education and the industry.Practical implicationsThe findings will help practitioners understand the educational challenges triggered by the advent of the data-driven business era. The implications will also help develop effective trainings and pedagogical strategies that are better suited to prepare future professionals for the new data-driven business world.Originality/valueBy demonstrating how the advent of a data-driven business era is impacting the function and role of managers, the paper initiates a debate revolving around the question about how business schools and higher education shall evolve to better tackle the educational challenges associated with BDADS training. Elements of response and recommendations are then provided.

“We’re watching you with interest”: Reflections of a black law professor

abstractThis perspective piece documents my experiences and perceptions as a black Associate Professor of Law at a historically white institution of higher learning. It takes into account my intersectionality of gender, race, culture and religion as an innate and organic feature of my experiences and perceptions. How do I stop being ‘watched with interest’, stop being presumed incompetent, and stop trying to be an academic superstar because of my gendered, black, religious body? In this perspective I reflect on my experiences and perceptions using intersectionality theory to open and continue my ongoing engagement with the following question: How do we transform institutions of higher education in South Africa, particularly for black women?

Thinking of the blue ocean - strategy beyond the competition

Throughout history, the competition had been the dominant strategy of different businesses that based on, the companies were trying to gain a greater share of the market. It should be noted, however, that the fierce competition causing it to be an oversupply. It should also be noted, that always gain a greater share of the market, and it does not mean increased profits. Hence, Researchers of blue ocean strategy convinced that the only way to win the competition is stop trying to win the competition. Instead of entering into a bloody competition of the Red Ocean, have to enter the infinite market space of Blue Ocean and try to create new demands. Blue Ocean market is a market that is still not clear the rules of the game and there are many opportunities for growth and profitability. In a word, blue ocean thinking argues that instead of getting a share of more than cake, we should seek to enlarge the cake. On the other hand, unfortunately, widespread negative effects of the global recession, in our country, also, is quite evident. Therefore, to solve the problems facing organizations in different areas of management, this study was conducted. This paper introduces the blue ocean strategy, then, provides the positive effects of using it. This article is a kind of applied research and the method of doing it, there is a description and analysis and library studies.

INTRODUCTION TO THE SPECIAL ISSUE: PERFECTIONISM IN THE SCHOOL CONTEXT

This article introduces a special issue ofPsychology in the Schoolson the topic of perfectionism intheschoolcontext.Perfectionismdevelopsandexistswithinacontextofrelationshipswithparents, peers, teachers, coaches, and others. Articles in the current issue reveal how perfectionism or dimensions associated with perfectionism (i.e., parental criticism and perfectionistic self-presentational styles) are related to adolescents’ motivational profiles, participation in sports, social perspective taking, and internalizing and externalizing problems. Additional articles suggest how school professionals might intervene with adolescents with perfectionism. Without such intervention, adolescents with perfectionism may be at increased risk for poor psychological adjustment. Walk through the halls and classrooms of middle and high schools and you see posters with slogans to support mistakes and failure as part of the learning process: The worst thing about a mistake is being afraid to make one. You never fail until you stop trying. Nobody’s perfect .B ut actions speak louder than words, particularly for adolescents. Do schools really embrace mistakes and failure? Isn’t it true that students can try hard, make mistakes and still fail? Do we hand out awards at the end of the school year for Best Student Failure? Or do we revere the students who seem perfect—high grades, stellar athletes, and popular among their peers—as model students in the hopes that other students will strive to be like them? If the latter is the case, the current special issue on perfectionism provides additional insight into the psychology of adolescents with perfectionism. And the news is not good. Perfectionism has been defined as unrealistic and exceedingly high personal standards, hypersensitivity to criticism and mistakes, feeling of being overwhelmed by failure, and rigid all-or-none thinking (Blatt, 1995; Flett, Hewitt, Oliver, & Macdonald, 2002; Stoeber & Otto, 2006). To date, the majority of perfectionism research has been conducted with college students; however, revised measures of perfectionisminthelasttwodecades have increased our knowledge about perfectionism in adolescents. Research findings on perfectionism in adolescents has mirrored research findings in adults: fear of failure and concern over mistakes, in combination with high standards for oneself or imposed by others such as parents, has been associated with low self-esteem, anxiety, depression, eating disorders, and suicide ideation (see Flett & Hewitt, 2012, 2013; Stoeber & Otto, 2006). The research on adolescents reported in the current issue has revealed that perfectionism or diQ1 mensionsassociatedwithperfectionism(i.e.,parentalcriticismandperfectionisticself-presentational styles) are associated with motivational profiles focused on outperforming others (Damian, Stoeber, Negru, & Bu less enjoyment of competitive sports (Mallinson, Hill, Hall, & Gotwals), internalizing problems in low and high socioeconomic status students (Lyman & Luthar), externalizing problems in males (Coren & Luthar), and envy of peers (Lyman & Luthar), perhaps contributing to poor psychological adjustment. Adolescent perfectionists, regardless of dimension held, had higher levels of social perspective taking than did non-perfectionists (Gilman, Rice, & Carboni). These findings indicate that social perspective taking might be a skill that adolescent perfectionists use to check how others view their behavior and performance.

Paradoxes in Carcinogenesis: There Is Light at the End of That Tunnel!

The exchange of opinions motivated by Dr. Baker's article "Paradoxes in carcinogenesis should spur new avenues of research: An historical perspective" illustrates the reasons why the field of cancer research is stuck in a dead end. This paralysis presents a rich opportunity for philosophers, historians and sociologists of science to decipher the whys of this impasse. On the strictly biological front, we suggest to reinstate in cancer research the time proven practice so productive in the physical sciences of discarding wrong hypotheses and theories. We share the suggestion by Dr. Baker to stop trying to unify the two main theories of carcinogenesis, i.e., the Somatic Mutation Theory (SMT) and the Tissue Organization Field Theory (TOFT) because they are incompatible. Dr. Baker suggests breaching the impasse by investing in paradox-driven research. We discuss the barriers to the implementation of this novel strategy, and the significant impact that this strategy will have on knowledge at large and its application for the prevention and cure of cancer.

NPs Continue to Be Under the Physician Microscope

One of my colleagues sent me an article recently from the Journal for Clinical Epidemiology. In it, a familiar title caught my eye: “A Landmark Randomized Health Care Trial: The Burlington Trial of the Nurse Practitioner.”1Sackett DL A landmark randomized health care trial: the Burlington trial of the nurse practitioner.J Clin Epidemiol. 2009; 62: 567-570Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (5) Google Scholar Another article by a similar title was published in 1974 in the New England Journal of Medicine by Walter O. Spitzer just as the nurse practitioner (NP) role was expanding in the United States. Spitzer was a leader in outcomes research; this was one of the first NP outcome studies published and certainly one of the most methodologically rigorous. Spitzer continued to be an international leader in evaluation research for many years and was part of the strong physician research group associated with McMaster University in Canada. The new article revisited the earlier landmark research on the NP role and restated the findings about care provided by physicians and NPs, “Both groups of patients had a similar mortality experience, and no differences were found in physical functional capacity, social function, or emotional function. The quality of care rendered to the two groups seemed similar, as assessed by a quantitative ‘indicator-condition’ approach. Satisfaction was high among both patients and professional personnel.” The researchers could not conclude in their original study whether there was a financial benefit to using an NP; the role was so new that there was no provision in the health care system to pay NPs. This problem has only been partially rectified over time. However, the other findings about the generally high quality of care have been constant in numerous published research studies since 1974. Over the past 45 years, no research studies have found NPs to be dangerous, ill-prepared, careless, or providing risky or second-class care. Thus, NPs continue to be both stunned and outraged by release of such materials as the recently updated 142-page American Medical Association Scope of Practice Partnership document,2American Medical Association Scope of practice series: nurse practitioners. American Medical Association, Chicago2009Google Scholar released October 2009 and marked as a “resource compendium for state medical associations and national specialty medical societies.” This document purports to summarize information about the educational preparation, practice, and research findings about NPs. A review of this document reveals many inaccuracies, omissions, and a negative bias in presentation. Earlier releases of this report indicated it provided information to help physicians fight legislation introduced by NPs and “win back” turf lost to nonphysician providers over time. Our physician colleagues with whom we practice are often our biggest allies. However, organized medicine needs to stop fighting NPs. There are certainly more than enough patients for all provider groups. Physician groups need to stop suggesting that NPs provide inferior care or overstep our legal scope of practice. They should spend more time improving the quality of care, competency, and compassion in their own practice and stop trying to control NP practice.

CANDO 2009 Economic Developer Of The Year Award Winners

In 1995, the CANDO Economic Developer of the Year Award was created to recognize and promote recent or long-standing Aboriginal economic development initiatives throughout Canada. Since returning home and now living and working in Listuguj, I have been able to participate in lots of neat projects and activities where my learning experience relates to life experience and my interactions with Mother Earth. "The only time you're a failure is when you stop trying." Since my first business, I have opened several businesses; each one has been more rewarding and challenging then the previous. If your community doesn't have strong financial health it's difficult to convince industry and banks to lend you the capital required to start various economic development undertakings.

Disinhibition and Risk Compensation

Disinhibition and Risk Compensation

Law and disorder

Sometimes life runs more smoothly when you stop trying to control it. Mark Buchanan goes with the flow

Floors Without Foundations: Ignatieff and Rorty on Human Rights

Compare following passages: As International Declaration of Rights published by United Nations in 1948 showed very clearly, it is doubtless not easy but it is possible to establish a common formulation of such practical conclusions, or in other words, of various rights possessed by man in his personal and social existence. Yet it would be quite futile to look for a common rational justification of these practical conclusions and these rights. If we did so, we would run risk of imposing arbitrary dogmatism or of being stopped short by irreconcilable differences. (1) Political liberalism, then, aims for a political conception of justice as a freestanding view. It offers no specific metaphysical or epistemological doctrine beyond what is implied by political conception itself. As an account of political values, a freestanding political conception does not deny there being other values that apply, say, to personal, familial, and associational; nor does it say that political values are separate from, or discontinuous with, other values. One aim, as I have said, is to specify political domain and its conception of justice in such a way that its institutions can gain support of an overlapping consensus. (2) One of shapes we have recently assumed is that of a rights culture. I borrow term human rights from Argentinian jurist and philosopher Eduardo Rabossi. In an article called Human Rights Naturalized, Rabossi argues that philosophers should think of this culture as a new, welcome fact of post-Holocaust world. They should stop trying to get behind or beneath this fact, stop trying to detect and defend its so-called pre-suppositions. On Rabossi's view, philosophers like Alan Gewirth are wrong to argue that rights cannot depend on historical facts. My basic point, Rabossi says, is that the world has changed, that rights phenomenon renders rights foundationalism outmoded and irrelevant. (4) Far better, I would argue, to forgo these kinds of foundational arguments altogether and seek to build support for rights on basis of what such rights actually do for beings.... People may not agree why we have rights, but they can agree that we need them. While foundations for rights belief may be contestable, prudential grounds for believing in rights protection are much more secure. (4) All four authors believe that, even though some type and level of agreement can be reached on ascription of specific rights to beings, there remains an insoluble philosophical problem in speaking about such practical matters in speculative terms. The problem can be variously described as metaethical, metaphysical, or foundational. At its center is plurality of competing comprehensive views of good. Because such views have largely proven incompatible, at least three of authors quoted shy away from invoking them. Yet not all agree that conflicts between conceptions of good are irresolvable; nonetheless, all do agree that in pragmatic terms--in terms of trying to accomplish some modicum of justice here and now in world politics--engaging in a debate between comprehensive views is unsatisfactory. This does not entail that views themselves are irrelevant to kinds of and participants in agreements reached. Obviously, some comprehensive views are simply unacceptable, as it were, particularly those that exclude toleration. Agreement on specific rights prioritizes particular practices to universal justifications. Such justifications cannot be permanently ignored, however. And yet to prioritize pragmatic political agreement about what can and should be done here and now in this way is, I think, an inescapable, even though radically incomplete, panacea for peaceful coexistence in modern, globally connected communities. …

From grand banking hall to the art and design school library of the 21st century

With a detailed but not site-specific building program, the librarians at Rhode Island School of Design made the case for a new library three times the size of the existing facility. The site became specific with the donation of an early 20th-century grand banking hall. This paper addresses the role of the librarian in the design and construction process and includes an analysis of the way the new library meets the program objectives. In the early 1990’s after several early attempts to resolve the library’s space constraint at Rhode Island School of Design, the librarian was given a useful bit of advice: Stop trying to find the space. You must focus first on the program. What is it that you really need?

Role of poor semen quality for current infertility and future fertility rates – lessons from the clinic and current population studies

Role of poor semen quality for current infertility and future fertility rates – lessons from the clinic and current population studies