Decline In Stocks Research Articles

LENGTH-WEIGHT RELATIONSHIPS AND CONDITION FACTOR OF MALAJA FISH (Siganus canaliculatus) IN LUWU REGENCY WATERS

Malaja fish or baronang lingkis (Siganus canaliculatus) is a typical fish of the Luwu Regency community. This fish is favored in fishing activities by the local community because of its delicious taste. The main problem experienced by this fishery resource is that high fishing activities and increasing production volumes can result in stock decline. Therefore, it is necessary to study the growth patterns and condition factors of malaja fish in the waters of Luwu Regency as a basis for information for management activities. The purpose of this study was to determine length weight relationship and condition factor of malaja fish in Luwu Regency waters. Sampling was conducted from Mei to August 2024 with stratified random sampling method from catch landed at Karang-Karangan Village, Bua Sub-district, Luwu. The results showed that 168 fish captured consists of 88 males and 80 females. The length weight relationship was W = 0,000001L3,4556 for male and W = 0,00001L3,0421 for female. The results indicated that the length weight relationship was highly correlated (r > 90%). The relative condition factors of fish varied from 0,4475-2,6567.

Understory Vegetation Preservation Offsets the Decline in Soil Organic Carbon Stock Caused by Aboveground Litter Removal in a Subtropical Chinese Fir Plantation

Forest soils play a key role in the global carbon (C) pool and in mitigating climate change. The mechanisms by which understory and litter management affect soil organic C (SOC) concentrations are unclear in subtropical forests. We collected soils along a 60 cm profile in a Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) plantation treated by only aboveground litter removal and understory vegetation preservation (Only-ALR), both aboveground litter and understory vegetation removal (ALR+UVR), and both aboveground litter and understory vegetation preservation (control) for 7 consecutive years. Five SOC fractions, physico-chemical properties, the biomass of microbial communities and the activities of C-acquiring enzymes were measured, and their correlations were analyzed for each of four soil layers (0–10, 10–20, 20–40 and 40–60 cm). Compared with control, Only-ALR decreased labile C pool I (LP-C I), labile C pool II (LP-C II) and dissolved organic C (DOC) in topsoil (0–20 cm) but had no effect on soil C fractions in subsoil (20–60 cm). A higher fungi and bacteria biomass in LP-C II and microbial biomass C (MBC) stock was observed in Only-ALR compared to ALR+UVR treatment. Soil pH and Gram-positive bacteria generally had impact on the variation of soil C fractions in topsoil and subsoil, respectively. Understory vegetation preservation offsets the declines of SOC and recalcitrant C but not the decreases in labile C caused by aboveground litter removal. Understory vegetation helps sustain SOC stock mainly via decreased C input and elevated soil pH which would change microbial biomass and activities when litter is removed. Our findings highlight the potential influence of long-term understory manipulation practices on C pool within a soil profile in subtropical plantation forests.

Analysing the Stock Performance of DLF in the Face of the Pandemic: A Study on Risk, Return, and Market Correlation

This study investigates the stock performance of DLF Ltd., a prominent player in the Indian real estate sector, in three distinct phases: pre-pandemic (March 2019 to March 2020), during the pandemic (March 2020 to March 2022), and post-pandemic (March 2022 to September 2024). Using monthly historical stock prices of DLF, the SENSEX, and the BSE Realty Index, collected from the BSE website, this research applies mean-variance analysis to assess the risk and return characteristics of DLF’s stock during these periods. Additionally, correlation and regression analyses are conducted to explore the relationship between DLF’s stock returns and the broader market indices, with a particular focus on the BSE Realty Index, given its relevance to the real estate sector. The study reveals the significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the real estate market, especially on stocks like DLF, which experienced heightened volatility during the pandemic. The pre-pandemic phase reflected stable growth, while the pandemic period saw a sharp decline in stock returns due to market uncertainty and economic downturns. However, the post-pandemic phase witnessed a robust recovery, with DLF’s stock aligning closely with the recovery trends in the real estate sector, as indicated by its correlation with the BSE Realty Index. This paper aims to provide valuable insights into the stock performance of DLF in relation to macroeconomic factors and sector-specific trends, offering an understanding of how the company’s performance has evolved to enhance shareholder value across these three critical phases. The findings offer implications for investors and stakeholders in assessing the resilience and potential of real estate stocks in times of crisis and recovery.

The Effect of Prey Size and Prey Density on Paralarval Feeding Success of the Common Sydney Octopus, Octopus tetricus

ABSTRACTGlobal demand for octopus seafood has been increasing over the past 30 years. This demand is projected to increase further as coastal communities and seafood consumers seek alternative sources of protein as finfish stocks decline. The establishment of a sustainable octopus aquaculture would have the potential to alleviate fishing pressures from wild populations. Commercial‐scale octopus aquaculture, however, has not been achieved due to the difficulty of successfully rearing octopus paralarvae on an efficacious diet. This study investigated the prey size and density preferences of Octopus tetricus paralarvae to understand the characteristics that improve food acquisition during rearing. Groups of octopus paralarvae from multiple broods were observed for a range of feeding behaviour including positioning, attack, capture loss, successful capture and handling time when given different treatments of Artemia prey. Prey size experiments used treatments of Artemia with total lengths of < 0.5, 0.9–1.0 and 1.4–1.6 mm, while prey density experiments used 0.2, 0.6, 1.0, 1.4, 1.8 and 2.2 Artemia mL−1. Increased numbers of successful feeding behaviours (e.g., positionings, attacks and successful captures) were directly observed with increasing prey size. Octopus paralarvae performed 52% more positionings, 100% more attacks and 175% more successful captures when given large Artemia (1.4–1.6 mm) than when given small Artemia (< 0.5 mm). Likewise, the number of observed successful feeding behaviours tended to increase with increasing Artemia density but sharply decreased at the highest density treatment (2.2 Artemia mL−1). Paralarvae performed up to 109% more positionings, 307% more attacks and 300% more successful captures when given prey densities of 1.0–1.8 Artemia mL−1 than when given lower prey density treatments and 2.2 Artemia mL−1. The results from this study indicate that prey size and density are crucial for the successful feeding of octopus paralarvae. Based on the greatest numbers of successful feeding behaviours, O. tetricus paralarvae prefer prey between 1.4 and 1.6 mm in length and at densities between 1.0 and 1.8 prey mL−1. The use of these optimal prey characteristics can be used to promote efficient paralarval octopus prey capture and feeding to greatly increase food intake in octopus paralarvae when reared in aquaculture.

Does shrimp trawling contribute to the decline in sciaenid stocks?

Trawling is widely used to exploit shrimp resources worldwide and is considered a highly destructive fishing method due to the high by-catch and discard rates. By-catch levels in shrimp trawling are reported to be 5–10 times the target catch, especially in the subtropics and tropics. This study assesses the status of sciaenids landed by mechanized shrimp trawls (single day operated), off Hendala, Sri Lanka. Catch data and samples were collected at the Hendala fish landing site (6°59'25.5"N 79°52'27.9"E) by making biweekly field visits from January to December 2021. On each sampling day, 50–60 % of operating shrimp trawlers were randomly sampled, and by-catch samples (n = 3) of ∼2 kg each were collected to identify the taxonomic status of sciaenids and their composition. The size at first sexual maturity (Lm) and population parameters of dominant species in the catches were also assessed. Of the estimated total annual by-catch of 19.67 tons, the Sciaenidae family accounted for 31 %. Fourteen sciaenid species belonging to 7 genera including Johnius (Johnieops) dussumieri, a new record for Sri Lanka, were reported in this study. Otolithes ruber (27 %) made the highest contribution followed by Kathala axillaris (21 %), Johnius belangerii (15 %), Johnius macropterus (15 %), and Johnius borneensis (10 %). The Lm (cm) of 3 dominant species, O. ruber, J. belangerii and K. axillaris was estimated as 20.6, 13.8 and 11.0, respectively. Immature individuals of 85.5 %, 73.4 %, and 39.1 % respectively, were caught before reaching their first maturity. Estimates of population parameters suggested that non-target species like O. ruber, J. belangerii and K. axillaris are showing signs of over-exploitation. Management measures such as gear modification and introduction of by-catch-reducing devices as well as awareness programmes will be helpful to sustain the livelihood of fishers while protecting aquatic biodiversity and ecological sustainability.

A DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACTS OF A CONSUMPTION TAX INCREASE AND A PRODUCTIVITY SHOCK: CALIBRATED FOR THE BRAZILIAN ECONOMY

Objective: Analyze the effects of high consumption tax on key macroeconomic variables. Method: The analysis employs both a Dynamic General Equilibrium (DGE) model and a Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model, calibrated to the Brazilian economy. The models simulate the impact of an increase in the consumption tax on key macroeconomic variables and the impact of a productivity shock in an economy with and without taxation, respectively. Results and Discussion: The results show that an increase in the consumption tax leads to a gradual decline in the capital stock and a sharp reduction in labor supply. Furthermore, productivity shocks have weaker positive effects on investment, output, consumption, and the capital stock in an economy with high taxation compared to one without it. The discussion emphasizes the importance of these findings in understanding the trade-offs between taxation and economic activity. Research Implications/Value: The findings suggest that effective allocation of tax revenues—such as investments in infrastructure, education, and technology—is essential to mitigate the negative impacts of consumption taxes on economic performance and foster long-term productivity and growth.

Rapid decline in soil organic carbon stocks following forest-to-maize field conversion within a watershed in Northern Thailand

Soil organic carbon (SOC) content was measured to assess the impact of land-use change from forests to maize cultivation across different soil types in Mae Tha Subwatershed, Lampang Province, Northern Thailand, over a 15-year period (2007–2022). A Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to determine sampling points, followed by field surveys and topsoil analysis in converted maize fields. The results revealed that both maize and forest soils exhibited a similar pattern of higher SOC in the upper topsoil. However, forest soils had significantly higher SOC content compared to maize fields. The average SOC content in the upper topsoil of forests was 44.58 ± 14.88 MgC/ha, significantly higher than the average of 30.38 ± 10.57 MgC/ha found in maize fields. Land-use change resulted in an estimated SOC loss of approximately 34.42 % over 15 years, pointing to a decrease of 1.01 MgC/ha per year. Additionally, SOC content generally showed a negative correlation with bulk density, sand particles, and years since conversion. Conversely, a positive correlation was observed between SOC and pH, silt particles, and clay particles. The decline in SOC stocks due to the conversion of forests to maize cropping threatens soil fertility and increases reliance on chemical fertilizers, which endangers drinking water resources. This degradation reduces soil resilience to climate change impacts, exacerbating food security challenges. Urgent action is needed to implement sustainable practices, such as carbon farming and agroforestry, to enhance soil health and mitigate climate change effects.

Intercropping Legumes Improves Long Term Productivity and Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Stocks in Sub‐Saharan Africa

AbstractFood, feed, and fiber production needs to increase to support demands of the growing population in Sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA), while soil fertility continues to decline. Intercropping, the cultivation of two or more crop species on the same field, can provide yield benefits and is suggested to positively affect soil organic carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) stocks. This study uses the biogeochemical model system LandscapeDNDC with the objective to (a) represent maize‐legume intercropping systems in different bioregions in SSA by simultaneously simulating both crops and their interactions and (b) assess long‐term (20 years) impacts of intercropping under varying mineral fertilizer inputs (0–150 kg N ha−1 yr−1) on productivity as well as soil organic C and N stocks. We test LandscapeDNDC on 82 field data sets (site‐year‐treatment combinations) from 18 sites to represent yields and soil C/N dynamics of maize‐legume intercropping systems. Using the model for long‐term scenario simulations showed that intercropping allows to sustain productivity and to improve or maintain SOC stock in low or zero fertilizer systems if all residues are returned to the soil. In contrast, for sole‐cropped maize systems, a decline in SOC stocks was simulated unless a minimum of 35 kg N ha−1 yr−1 of fertilizer was applied at full residue return. We conclude that intercropping using legumes alongside sufficient residue return allows for stabilizing long‐term yields while avoiding SOC losses even with low fertilizer N inputs. Overall, our study confirms the potential of intercropping as a sustainable agricultural practice that could significantly contribute to food security in SSA.

Field and DNA-barcode based surveys reveal evidence of rare endemic fishes in the Rufiji River Basin

Endemic fish species have long supported the livelihoods of local communities in the Rufiji River Basin (RRB). However, destructive fishing practices have led to a concerning decline in endemic fish stocks. To assess these changes, this study employed key informant interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), and fishery surveys to assess the historical and contemporary distribution of endemic fishes within the RRB. DNA barcoding was also used to verify species identities. Out of 37 reported fish species, 33 species (54.55% endemic and 45.45% exotic to RRB) were confirmed through DNA barcoding and morphological characteristics. About 5 species including, Heterobranchus longifilis, Citharinus congicus, Labeo congoro, Mormyrus longirostris, and Labeobarbus leleupanus were rarely found in the field, despite being classified as Least Concern by IUCN. Additionally, five species that were reported to be present in the RRB by experienced fishers were not captured during sampling. This highlights the need for validation of the existence of such species through eDNA metabarcoding. Moreover, due to the rarity of some species in the area, their IUCN assessment should be revisited.

Global decline in microbial-derived carbon stocks with climate warming and its future projections

ABSTRACT Soil organic carbon (SOC) represents the largest terrestrial pool of organic carbon and is indispensable for mitigating climate change and sustaining soil fertility. As a major component of stable SOC, microbial-derived carbon (MDC) accounts for approximately half of the total SOC and has repercussions on climate feedback. However, our understanding of the spatial and temporal dynamics of MDC stocks is limited, hindering assessments of the long-term impacts of global warming on persistent SOC sequestration in the soil‒atmosphere carbon cycle. Here, we compiled an extensive global dataset and employed ensemble machine learning techniques to forecast the spatial-temporal dynamics of MDC stocks across 93.4% of the total global land area from 1981 to 2018. Our findings revealed that for every 1°C increase in temperature, there was a global decrease of 6.7 Pg in the soil MDC stock within the predictable areas, equivalent to 1.4% of the total MDC stock or 0.9% of the atmospheric C pool. Tropical regions experienced the most substantial declines in MDC stocks. We further projected future MDC stocks for the next century based on shared socioeconomic pathways, showing a global decline in MDC stocks with a potential 6–37 Pg reduction by 2100 depending on future pathways. We recommend integrating the response of MDC stocks to warming into socioeconomic models to enhance confidence in selecting sustainable pathways.

Impact of COVID‐19 pandemic on the dependence structure and risk spillovers in global stock markets

AbstractThis study employs the MS‐GARCH‐EVT‐vine copula model to examine changes in the dependence structure and risk spillovers among global stock markets during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Our results indicate that the dependence structure of global stock markets exhibits intercontinental clustering characteristics. Specifically, the Hong Kong, French and US stock markets serve as the central nodes in the Asia‐Pacific, European and American regions, respectively. Furthermore, the COVID‐19 pandemic has reduced the number of stock markets directly linked to central nodes and exacerbated the synchronized decline in global stock markets. Additionally, the COVID‐19 pandemic has increased risk spillovers among global stock markets outside China, altering the direction of intercontinental risk contagion. These findings are significant for policy makers to prevent cross‐border risk spillovers and for investors to enhance their risk management strategies.

PSIX-6 Algal oil as an alternative source of docosahexaenoic acid in feline diets

Abstract The global demand for eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation by humans and their necessity in companion animal foods has raised questions related to environmental sustainability and nutrient content of fish oil. The combination of reported diminishing EPA and DHA content in fish oil and the forecasting of a significant decline in global fish stocks over the next decade make it critical to consider alternative sources of omega-3 fatty acids to reduce dependence on fish harvests. Cultured algal oil has been identified as a promising and viable alternative to fish-based oils. As such, the purpose of this study was to determine the inclusion level of algal oil in cat foods necessary to deliver the same serum concentrations of DHA provided from fish oil. Cats (n = 26) were first fed a control food formulated to avoid ingredients that contain long chain omega-3 fatty acids [ɑ-linolenic (ALA), EPA, and DHA] for 5 wk, to establish a baseline serum concentrations of these fatty acids. Cats were then randomized into two groups, and fed test foods containing either fish oil or algal oil in sequential increasing levels of DHA (0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.6%) for 5-wk periods each. Blood was analyzed for serum DHA and EPA concentrations after each of these feeding periods. A regression analysis was used to calculate a bioequivalence factor between fish oil and algal oil inclusion levels. There was no difference (P > 0.05) in intake or body weight between cats consuming diets containing algal oil or fish oil. Analysis of serum fatty acid concentrations showed that increasing fish and algal oil had no effect (P > 0.05) on serum linolenic acid, ALA, or arachidonic acid; however, increasing fish and algal oil did have an effect on DHA such that serum DHA was increased at similar rates as fish oil (P = 0.050) and algal oil (P = 0.026) levels were increased in the diet. Although increasing levels of fish and algal oil both increased serum EPA concentrations (P < 0.001), fish oil increased serum EPA to a greater extent than algal oil when fed at all levels. Overall, these data indicate that inclusion of algal oil is a good alternative dietary source of DHA, but less of EPA, and that algal oil will need to be added to the diet in higher concentrations to achieve similar serum EPA concentrations as fish oil.

Winter Wheat Historic Trends and Yield Gaps in the Wheat State

AbstractWheat is the most widely grown grain crop in the world, and the United States is ranked as the fourth major wheat producer after China, India, and Russia. Kansas is the top winter wheat‐producing state in the United States and, as such, is nicknamed “The Wheat State.” A significant yield gap has existed in Kansas between potential winter wheat yields and the actual farm level average yield. Due to current conflict in the major wheat‐growing region of Ukraine and Russia and recent droughts, record decline in world wheat stocks was expected. To further understand winter wheat’s contribution to the economy, production trends, and relationship with climate variability, data available in the state of Kansas through annual winter wheat yield trials and USDA reports were used to study winter wheat historic trends and relations. Earn 0.5 CEUs in Crop Management by taking the quiz for the article at https://web.sciencesocieties.org/Learning‐Center/Courses.

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Amphidromous Goby (Stiphodon semoni) in Western Part of Southern Java Waters

Graphical Abstract Research Highlight The genetic diversity of Stiphodon semoni is high. All populations have high haplotype diversity except for Cimaja. No genetic structure is observed within the populations of semoni. The population of semoni has undergone demographic expansion. Cibareno River has the potential to be a protected area. Abstract Fishing activities negatively impact fish populations, potentially causing a decline in fish stocks. Nevertheless, ensuring diversity and connectivity among populations can mitigate these adverse effects. To evaluate the connectivity of river mouths in the western part of Southern Java waters, we sequenced forty Stiphodon semoni individuals from five populations using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 as molecular markers. The study revealed that S. semoni populations showed high diversity (0.821), with the population in Cimaja displaying the lowest diversity (0.464). Furthermore, the result of the analysis of molecular variance was a Fst value of 0.0630 with a p-value of 0.22. These results along with the result of the haplotype network indicated no significant genetic differences among these populations. This implies that the river mouths in the western part of Southern Java waters are interconnected. The distribution of mismatches showed a single peak, indicating that the populations have undergone demographic expansion. This information could be valuable for the conservation and management of S. semoni in the western part of the Southern Java waters.

Spatial and Seasonal Variations in the Size-Weight Relationship and Condition Index of the Mangrove Oyster Crassostrea tulipa (Lamarck, 1819) in the Saloum Delta, Senegal

In the Saloum delta in Senegal, the mangrove oyster Crassostrea tulipa is under increasing human pressure, leading to a decline in wild stocks, a decrease in the quality of the marketed oysters and the degradation of mangrove tree roots. Previous studies have pinpointed some of these disturbances and yet, there is little information available on the structure of the population and the condition index of the species. The aim of this study was to document these aspects in order to support a sustainable management of the resource. From January 2021 to December 2022, monthly sampling was carried out at five stations to study the size-weight relationship and the condition index (CI) of oysters. A total of 26,790 individuals ranging in size from 0.23 to 93.19 mm with an average of 33.86±16.38 mm shell height were collected. The species was found to have a minority allometry (b = 2.54 <3), with a strong correlation between individual weight and oyster shell height (r = 0.88). CI showed seasonal and inter-site variations over the two years, with an overall mean value of 11.17±2.72%. The highest CI values were observed during the hot season and the lowest during the hot-cold transition period.

Effectiveness of textured vegetable protein incorporation for partial fish meat substitution in fish cakes

SummaryExcessive consumption of seafood has resulted in a decline in fish stocks and the destruction of ecosystems worldwide. Textured vegetable proteins (TVPs) can be used in manufacturing fish products, including surimi‐based fish cakes, to prevent these problems. In this study, we aimed to incorporate TVP into fish cakes as an alternative to fish meat (surimi). Fish cake samples containing TVP (0, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) were prepared and cooked through boiling or frying. Texture profiles, volatile compounds and consumer acceptance of the fish cake samples were measured. An increase in TVP content enhanced the protein content of the samples, making them more suitable than fish meat is as a protein source. In the fish cake samples, the textural properties, including hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness, increased with increasing TVP content. Analysis of the volatile compounds showed that hexanal and 2‐pentifuran, which are primarily responsible for the grassy or beany flavour of soy, increased with increasing TVP content in fish cakes. The levels of these components were significantly lower in the fried samples than in the boiled samples. Overall, fried fish cakes containing 5% TVP (FST5) exhibited acceptance ratings similar to those of the control. Moreover, FST5 scored the highest in appearance, odour, taste and overall liking. Therefore, fried fish cakes supplemented with 5% TVP were qualitatively similar to fried fish cakes containing 100% fish meat (surimi). We propose the partial substitution of fish meat with alternative products to potentially reduce overfishing.

Place meanings of shore recreational fishers in the urban fringe

AbstractWhile recreational fishers recognize the many benefits of their practice, there is less recognition of these benefits by decision-makers in natural resource management. Fisheries motivations and benefits have not been sufficiently captured in urban and urban/suburban interface (urban fringe) areas. To help address this gap, this work captures fisheries motivations and benefits in the urban fringe of Rhode Island using a place meaning methodology. In-person interviews were conducted in Spanish and English with anglers who use public access sites in the urban fringe near Providence, Rhode Island. This area was found to support diverse users with needs for access, suitable water quality, and safety. Mental and physical health benefits were also found. The results inform fisheries management and landscape planning via a greater understanding of the conceptualization of coastal spaces and suggestions for future attributes of coastal spaces. Future directions to explore include the relationship between place meanings and well-being, the relationship between place meanings and fishing motivations, and gathering place meanings across diverse users and locations. Understanding recreational fishing motivations and benefits in the urban fringe informs fisheries and coastal management decision-making under potential landscape changes or fishery stock decline.

The equity market response to climate change litigation

We document a significant decline in defendants' stock prices after the filing of litigation cases on climate change issues in the US. Economically, we document a 0.5% decline on the filing day and a 2.7% cumulative abnormal decline in the eight days following the filing. Cross-sectional analysis shows that the negative response is more pronounced in firms with greater external financial constraints, higher cash flow volatility, and lower environmental, social, and governance ratings. The difference-in-differences analysis shows a decline in total and responsible institutional ownership and an increase in corporate reputation risk after a climate change litigation is filed.

An Empirical Study on Announcement Effect of Right Issue Ex-Date

This research aims to examine how the market reacts regarding the announcement of the rights issue and how the market reacts at the ex date. The sampling technique is purposive sampling, namely companies that carry out rights issues and are active banking on the Indonesian Stock Exchange. Testing period 2015 to 2021. The technique used is multiple linear regression test and paired sample T test. The total number of companies is 27 issuers with research results showing that the announcement of a rights issue has an effect on changes in share prices where the p-value of the pair sample t-test is less than 0.05. Meanwhile, testing the market reaction regarding the ex date shows that there was a significant decline in stock prices so that the market reacted negatively with a p-value of less than 0.05 and there was a significant change in stock trading volume during the ex date condition with a p-value of less than 0.05.

Genetic consequences in the southern African endemic seabream Polysteganus undulosus (Sparidae) after eight decades of overfishing

The Critically Endangered seventy-four seabream Polysteganus undulosus, a slow-growing sparid that forms spawning aggregations off South Africa, faced heavy exploitation from 1910 until a fishery moratorium was put in place in 1998. Utilising temporal samples from 1962/1963 (mid-collapse) and 2005/2006 (post-collapse), we assessed genetic diversity at six microsatellite loci. Amplification success for archived samples was low (43%), necessitating a rarefaction approach, revealing a 40% decrease in allelic diversity. Significant genetic differences between recent and archived samples confirmed the impact of overfishing. Simulation studies indicated that missing genotypes did not affect these tests, validating the genetic differences. Using a coalescent-based approach, a 10-fold decrease in effective population size (Ne) was estimated over this 43-year period (Ne = 43.88 to 4.76). Simulations provided corrected Ne of 36.86, accounting for missing genotypes that were responsible for inflated values. Assuming 25% of pristine levels in the 1960s, pristine Ne values ranged from 147 to 176 in 1910, suggesting a 96.8–98.3% genetic decline over 88 years of exploitation. This study emphasises severe genetic consequences of overfishing on P. undulosus diversity and effective population size. The results provide vital genetic baseline data for recovery assessment and conservation efforts, as well as an analytical framework to evaluate the stock decline using partial genotyping data gathered from degraded archived samples.