Steel In Acidic Environment Research Articles

Study of okra pectin prepared by sweeping frequency ultrasound/freeze-thaw pretreatment on corrosion inhibition of ANSI 304 stainless steel in acidic environment

Green and efficient metal corrosion inhibitors are very essential, and natural okra pectin (OP) can fulfill this need with rational use of resources. OP was prepared by water-alcohol extraction method after freeze-thaw pretreatment (FTP)/sweeping frequency ultrasound pretreatment (SFUP), and used for corrosion inhibition of ANSI 304 stainless steel (304 SS) in 1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl). The molecular weight, hydrodynamic diameter and monosaccharide composition of OP were analyzed to determine the factors on the corrosion inhibition of 304 SS. During SFUP of okra, the time-domain variation of ultrasound field was monitored by piezoelectric film sensor, its frequency-domain variation was monitored by a hydrophone, and analyzed respectively by oscilloscope and spectrum analyzer. Static weight-loss method, electrochemical and microscopic analyses were used to evaluate the corrosion inhibition efficiency of OP at temperatures (25, 30, 40, 50 °C) and concentrations (0, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2 g·L−1) to optimize corrosion inhibition performance. It was found that OP by FTP and SFUP had higher corrosion inhibition efficiency on metals in acidic environment. According to static weight-loss method, the corrosion inhibition efficiency of OP with concentration of 2 g·L−1 (25 °C) was improved to 90.27 % in the FTP group and 93.53 % in the SFUP group, which 5.14 % and 8.93 % higher than Control (without pretreatment). Meanwhile, the corrosion inhibition efficiency decreased gradually as the temperature increased. OP corrosion inhibition performance fit Langmuir adsorption isothermal model as a mixed adsorption based on physical adsorption. It was a mixed inhibitor to protect 304 SS from corrosion.

Evaluating the efficacy of synthesized quinoline derivatives as Corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in acidic environments: An analysis using electrochemical, computational, and surface techniques

Two quinoline derivatives such as 5-(ethoxymethyl)-2-methylquinoline-8-ol,and 5-((2-aminoethoxy)methyl)-2-methylquinoline-8-ol symbolized by (Q) and (QN), respectively were studied in HCl (1.0 M) by experimental, and computational approaches to inhibit the corroding of the mild steel (M-S). Q and QN were found to delay the corrosion of the mild steel in the research environment. Q and QN displayed mixed inhibiting properties, decreasing the rate of anodic and cathodic corrosion reactions. The Q and QN molecules developed a film on the surface of the material in HCl (1.0 M), which is consistent with the impedance measurements. Coverage data of the surface adsorption has fitted into the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. SEM/EDS, AFM, contact angle, and XPS analysis also indicated that the adsorbent film of Q and QN protects the steel from ions of acid. In addition, a molecular dynamics simulation was performed to optimize the inhibitor molecule equilibrium configurations at the Fe surface. From the experimental results, the sequence of the effectiveness of the studied inhibitors was validated through theoretical calculations.

Inhibitive behaviours of unripe banana peel extract for mitigating electrochemical corrosion of carbon steel in aggressively acidic solutions

Waste matter is an abundant source of recyclable materials. This study presented the corrosion inhibitor role of unripe banana peel extract (UBPE) for carbon steel in acidic environments: 1.0 M HCl, 0.5 M H2SO4, and 0.5 M HCl/0.25 M H2SO4. The aim was to demonstrate the robustness of the HCl-UBPE-steel system with respect to competing ions in the solution, and as such, generalizing its mechanism. The localized corrosion in HCl, general corrosion in H2SO4, and their theoretical midpoint were, respectively, subjected to 95.91%, 83.33%, 91.50% corrosion inhibition efficiency when UBPE was added at 3000 ppm. A protective film on the steel surface was found as the cause by electrochemical characterizations and its behavior was explained via protonation of corrosion inhibitor and rust formation on steel surface undering varying acid conditions. Therefore, the work suggests UBPE as corrosion inhibitor for steel in strongly acidic conditions containing chloride and sulfate ions. Highlights Unripe banana peel – water extract (UBPWE) acts as an eco-friendly effective inhibitor for steel in aggressively acidic environments. Carbon steel exhibits more localized corrosion in HCl solution, but more general corrosion in H2SO4 condition. UBPWE performed 95.91, 83.33, and 91.50% of inhibition efficiency for steel in HCl, H2SO4, and mixed conditions. The effective inhibition performance is assigned to the presence of a protective layer on the steel surface.

Investigation of the corrosion inhibition performance of snail slime on the exposed surface of mild steel in acidic environment

Corrosion of metals is a major issue in various industries and the use of organic materials, especially plant extracts, as alternatives to toxic chemicals in corrosion inhibitors is gaining attention. However, the potential of animal products as corrosion inhibitors has not been fully explored. This study investigates the corrosion inhibiting potential of snail slime (SS) for mild steel in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution using Gravimetric and electrochemical methods, including open circuit potential (OCP), potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used for material characterization. The results indicate that snail slime has a high inhibition efficiency of up to 92.75%, with inhibition efficiency decreasing as temperature and immersion time increase but it increased with higher inhibitor concentrations. Adsorption studies showed that snail slime exhibited strong adherence to the Langmuir and Temkin adsorption isotherms, indicating spontaneous adsorption on mild steel. The inhibition mechanism shows typical physical adsorption and follows first-order kinetics. While the EIS analysis indicated a charge transfer-controlled corrosion process with the highest inhibition efficiency of 81.74%, the PDP analysis revealed that snail slime acted as a mixed-type inhibitor with the highest inhibition efficiency of 81.98%. FTIR reveals the functional groups responsible for the inhibition exhibited by snail slime inhibitors, including CH, OH, CO-O, CCl, and NH. SEM shows that the inhibition of corrosion is due to the formation of an insoluble stable protective film on the sample surface by an adsorption process. These findings suggest that snail slime has significant potential as an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic corrosion inhibitors in industrial applications.

Inhibitory effect of La3+ on hydrogen damage of 27CrMo44S/1 steel in H2S-containing acidic solution

The effect of La3+ on the hydrogen permeation behavior of 27CrMo44S/1 steel in acidic environments containing H2S is investigated through the measurement of steady-state permeation current density (i∞), hydrogen diffusivity (D), and subsurface hydrogen concentration (C0). Results indicate that the addition of La3+ can remarkably reduce i∞. The corrosion products with La3+ involved in the film formation process in the H2S-free environment have a good hydrogen barrier effect, but the addition of La3+ hardly influence the D value of 27CrMo44S/1 steel in the H2S-containing environment. However, the presence of La3+ substantially reduces the C0 on metal surface regardless of the presence of H2S in the solution. Static immersion and tensile experiments illustrate that the addition of La3+ can improve the corrosion resistence and plasticity loss of the material in the H2S environment.

The effect of functional groups on the inhibitory efficacy of newly synthesized Imidazopyridines compounds against the corrosion of mild steel in acidic environments: Electrochemical, thermodynamic, surface and computational investigations (Part B)

The primary objective of this research paper was to investigate the inhibitory effects of two new derivatives of Imidazopyridines, namely: (E)-N-(7-methyl-2-phenylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)-1-(3-nitrophenyl)methanimine (N-Imid) and (E)-2‑methoxy-4-(((7-methyl-2 phenylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)imino)methyl)phenol (MH-Imid), on mild steel (MS) in 1 M hydrochloric acid at 308 K. The study also aimed to compare the protection capacities of these compounds. Additionally, the impact of (-OH & OCH3–) and (-NO2) groups on the inhibition efficiency was analyzed. The inhibition performance was measured using potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and weight loss (WL) methods at 308 K, and confirmed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM),UV–visible, and computational modeling, The study results showed that the both inhibitors displayed potent inhibition capacities, and their effectiveness grew notably with rising concentration and diminishing temperatures. Among the two compounds investigated, MH-Imid is the best with an inhibition efficiency over 96%. The substitution of functional groups was found to influence the inhibition efficiency. The electrochemical tests findings were consistent. The outcomes indicated that both inhibitors exhibited cathodic/anodic behavior (mixed type). SEM analysis was used to assess the surface morphology and showed the presence of a protective layer on the MS surface, The two studied inhibitors were adsorbed on the MS surface by the Langmuir adsorption model. Analysis of the inhibited and uninhibited solution using UV-visible spectroscopy showed evidence of a complex between Fe and two imidazopyridine molecules forming in 1 M HCl. The computational modeling matches experimental data well and demonstrates that the inhibition efficiency ranking (MH-Imid > N-Imid) holds consistently.

Experimental and theoretical insights into Oxalis corniculata L. extract as a sustainable and eco–friendly corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in acidic environments

In this work, Oxalis corniculata L. was effectively extracted as a corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in 1 mol L−1 hydrochloric acid (HCl). Oxalis corniculate L. extract (OCLE) was produced by grinding, distilling with ultrapure water, and drying. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization (PP), and potential of zero charge (PZC) were used to test the performance of the OCLE. The corrosion inhibition behavior of OCLE was microscopically characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). OCLE contains monosaccharide molecules identified by high–performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Moreover, quantum chemical (QC) calculations and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation results showed that OCLE contains monosaccharide molecules that can form adsorption films on carbon steel through O and N to inhibit corrosion. Electrochemical experimental results showed that the corrosion inhibition efficiency increased with concentration and decreased with increasing temperature. At 298 K, the corrosion inhibition efficiency of 500 mg/L OCLE was 93.68%. The adsorption of OCLE on the carbon steel substrate was under the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, which was mixture adsorption. This study provides new ideas for inhibiting metal corrosion and provides theoretical support for the application of eco–friendly corrosion inhibitors.

N-doped and N, Si-doped carbon dots for enhanced corrosion inhibition of mild steel in acidic environment

N-doped and N, Si-doped carbon dots for enhanced corrosion inhibition of mild steel in acidic environment

Inhibitory action of Spondias mombin leaves extracts on corrosion of mild steel in 1M HCl

Acid corrosion of steel and its associated financial and material costs are serious challenges to the chemical industry, and protecting these alloys through the use of effective corrosion inhibitors is imperative. In this study, the corrosion inhibition of mild steel in 1M HCl media using water and ethanol extracts of Spondias mombin leaves was investigated via weight loss technique, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization (PDP). The influence of temperature on inhibitor behaviour was also studied. Both extracts inhibited corrosion of mild steel via adsorption, following the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The inhibition efficiency (IE) increased as extracts concentration was increased. After 24 and 72 hours exposure in the acid solution at 25 ℃, 500 ppm of extracts delivered maximum efficiency of (94.44 % and 76.52% for ethanol) and (51.52 % and 58,97 % for water). However, increasing temperature to 40 ℃ and 60 ℃ (after 24 hours) significantly boosted the efficiency of water extract (favoring inhibition via combined physical and chemical adsorption) but depreciated the performance of ethanol extract. The extracts provide good protection to mild steel in acidic environment and are therefore recommended as green alternatives to existing toxic ones.

ODHI: A promising isatin-based corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in hydrochloric acid

The study aimed to investigate the corrosion behavior of mild steel in acidic environments and to evaluate the effectiveness of an ecofriendly inhibitor named 2-oxo-3-((2,4-dimethoxybenzylidene)hydrazono)indolin (ODHI) derived from Isatin. The researchers employed various techniques such as weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy to carry out the experiment in both uninhibited and inhibited 1 M HCl solution at temperatures ranging from 303 to 333 K. The findings revealed that the inhibition efficacy increased with the concentration of ODHI, reaching 94.3% at 0.5 mM in a 1 M HCl solution at 303 K. The results were supported by Density Functional Theory computations, which confirmed the ODHI's corrosion inhibition behavior for mild steel in acidic conditions. The inhibition effect was found to follow the Langmuir isotherm model. Overall, the study demonstrates the potential of ODHI as an effective inhibitor for Mild Steel in acidic environments.

8‐Hydroxyquinoline‐functionalized chitosan Schiff base as an efficient and environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitor for N80 steel in acidic environments

AbstractChitosan is an environmentally friendly biomolecule with great potential for application in metal corrosion protection. First, Chitosan benzaldehyde schiff base (CTSB) and 8‐hydroxyquinoline functionalized chitosan benzaldehyde schiff base (HQ‐CTSB) were synthesized from chitosan, benzaldehyde, and 8‐hydroxyquinoline as high‐efficiency and environment‐friendly corrosion inhibitors. The structures of the synthesized products were characterized by infrared spectroscopy. The corrosion of N80 steel was tested using electrochemical measurements and analysis by varied concentrations of CTSB and HQ‐CTSB in a hydrochloric acid solution. The PDP results confirmed that both CTSB and HQ‐CTSB corrosion inhibitors were mixed corrosion inhibitors. Furthermore, the EIS findings revealed that the corrosion inhibition efficiency of the two inhibitors was 87.11% and 98.52% at 800 mg/L, respectively. According to SEM and XPS analyses, the CTSB and HQ‐CTSB molecules bonded to the surface of N80 steel and formed a surface protective layer. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations showed that CTSB and HQ‐CTSB have multiple active sites that may become adsorbent on the metal surface. And molecular dynamics (MD) simulations showed that corrosion inhibitors CTSB and HQ‐CTSB lie flat on the surface of Fe(110). The theoretical calculation agreed well with the experimental results.

Evaluation of the Impact of Two Thiadiazole Derivatives on the Dissolution Behavior of Mild Steel in Acidic Environments.

In light of the variety of industrial uses and economic relevance of mild steel, corrosion resistance is a serious topic. Utilization of inhibitors serves as one of the most essential methods for corrosion control. Two thiadiazole compounds, namely, 2-amino-5-(4-bromobenzyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole (a1) and 2-amino-5-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole (a2), were synthesized. The structure of the prepared compounds was verified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and proton and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR and 13C NMR). In a 0.50 M H2SO4 solution, the effectiveness of two synthetic thiadiazole derivatives as mild steel corrosion inhibitors were investigated. In this evaluation, various electrochemical methodologies have been utilized, such as potentiodynamic polarization, open circuit potential (OCP), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results confirm the efficiency of the inhibition increases by raising concentrations of a1 and a2. The inhibitory behavior was explained by the notion that the adsorption of thiadiazole molecules, a1 and a2, on the surface of mild steel causes a blockage of charge and mass transfer, protecting the mild steel from offensive ions. Furthermore, the synthesized molecules a1 and a2 were analyzed using density functional theory (DFT).

Hydrogen permeation and hydrogen damage behavior of high strength casing steel in acidic environment

To explore the effect of hydrogen permeation on pipes in an acidic environment, the tensile mechanical properties of three types of high strength steels were evaluated before and after hydrogen filling. The hydrogen damage behavior of three kinds of high-strength steels was studied by electrochemical hydrogen permeation test, MTS tensile test, and fracture morphology analysis. First, the basic physical and chemical properties of the materials were analyzed, and then the D-S double electrolytic cell technology was used for hydrogen permeation experiment. Finally, the influence of hydrogen loading on the tensile mechanical properties of the steel was determined by MTS tensile test and fracture morphology analysis. As the hydrogen filling current increases, the system temperature rises and the pH decreases, the hydrogen diffusion coefficient increases and the sensitivity of the steel to hydrogen embrittlement increases. The higher the steel strength, the higher the hydrogen diffusion coefficient, the higher the diffusible hydrogen concentration, the higher the hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity. The hydrogen damage evaluation method of high-strength steel used in this paper can provide a reference for the applicability evaluation of oil well pipe under acidic environment and provide theoretical guidance for the selection of oil well pipe in the field.

The mechanism of inhibitive effect on hydrogen permeation of X70 steel by lanthanum microalloying: Enhanced kinetics of desorption

In this work, electrochemical hydrogen permeation tests were carried out to obtain the steady-state hydrogen permeation current of X70 pipeline steel in acid environment and alkaline electrolyte with applied cathodic overpotentials simulating the service conditions of pipelines. It is shown that La-microalloying can efficiently reduce the steady-state hydrogen permeation current density while maintaining the same mechanical performance. The experimental permeation data were fitted with Iyer-Pickering-Zamanzadeh (IPZ) and surface effect model to analyze the inhibitive mechanism on hydrogen permeation, and the results depicted that La element on the material surface greatly facilitates the desorption process of hydrogen atoms. In addition, the calculated hydrogen diffusion coefficient was found smaller after La microalloyed, which can be ascribed to the larger hydrogen trap density. It is suggested that La-microalloying can mitigate hydrogen damage of X70 pipeline steel in both acidic environment or under cathodic protection.

Chitosan derivatives as promising green corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in acidic environment: Inhibition performance and interfacial adsorption mechanism

Among the biodegradable polysaccharide, chitosan is widely present in the cell membranes of bacteria and algae and in the cell walls of higher plants. As a promising biopolymer, chitosan has great potential as eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor. Herein, two synthetic chitosan derivatives (N-phenylthiourea chitosan (CS-PT), N-phenyl-O-benzylthiourea chitosan (CS-PT-Bn)) were investigated as high-efficient acidic corrosion inhibitors to deal with the corrosion issue of carbon steel. The anti-corrosion property of the chitosan derivatives was explored by electrochemical tests, surface characterization and theoretical calculations. The experimental results indicate that both CS-PT and CS-PT-Bn present high-efficient inhibition performance with the inhibition efficiency of 98.4% and 98.5% at the concentration of 100 mg/L, respectively. Their adsorption mechanism at steel/solution interface is revealed by quantum chemical calculations, molecular dynamics (MD) and GFN-xTB calculations. It is found that CS-PT and CS-PT-Bn adsorb at the steel/solution interface by forming Fe-N and Fe-S bonds. Compared to CS-PT molecule, the introduction of benzyl group endows CS-PT-Bn molecule with stronger electrostatic effect and hydrophobicity, which favors the interfacial adsorption of CS-PT-Bn molecule on carbon steel surface.

Electrochemical, surface analysis, and theoretical investigation of 3-hydroxy-5-(phenylamino)-4-(p-tolyldiazenyl)thiophen-2-yl)(phenyl)methanone as a corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in a molar hydrochloric acid solution

In this work, a comprehensive study for using (3-hydroxy-5-(phenylamino)-4-(p-tolyldiazenyl)thiophen-2-yl)(phenyl)methanone as a corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in a 1.0 M HCl was performed. For this purpose, different types of electrochemical and surface analysis techniques as well as a computational simulations have been applied. The obtained experimental results showed that the investigated compound is a promising corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in acidic environments. Adding a low inhibitor concentration of about 5 × 10−5 M at room temperature resulted in an inhibition efficiency of up to 93.25 %. The inhibition efficiency increases with increasing inhibitor concentration while decreasing with increasing temperature. This trend has been demonstrated and discussed precisely by potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) measurements. SEM and AFM were used to examine the surface morphology of the electrode before and after inhibition. The inhibitor adsorbs on the surface of the steel, acting as a barrier at the steel/HCl acid interface and thus blocking the steel electrode's surface. DFT calculations and MC simulations were used to demonstrate the adsorption process. The findings also revealed that it is a mixed-type inhibitor that follows Henry's adsorption isotherm. The experimental and theoretical studies agree remarkably well. The inhibition mechanism has also been discussed.

Kinetic and thermodynamic evaluation of azithromycin as a green corrosion inhibitor during acid cleaning process of mild steel using an experimental and theoretical approach

Data from experiments and molecular computation were used to evaluate azithromycin as a safe and innocuous corrosion retardant for mild steel in acidic environments. Hydrogen evolution experiments were conducted between 303 and 333 K with and without azithromycin in hydrochloric acid solution. SEM photos and the results of hydrogen evolution demonstrate that azithromycin suppresses steel corrosion in an acidic environment. The inhibition efficiency (IE%) of azithromycin increases with the rise in concentration and the drop in temperature. The maximum IE% (81.36%) was obtained at 800 mg/L of azithromycin at 303 K. The corrosion reaction rates could be described with a first-order rate law. The range of thermodynamic parameters obtained from 303 K to 333 K for entropy (−181.2 to −91.9 J/mol), enthalpy (18.6 to 50.1 kJ/mol), and activation energy (21.2 to 52.7 kJ/mol) indicate the corrosion is spontaneous and endothermic. The results of the experiment agreed with the Langmuir model for adsorption, and physisorption is postulated for the adsorption of azithromycin on mild steel based on the ΔG values (−12.0 to −2.8 kJ/mol) which were below −20 kJ/mol. According to computational details, oxygen hetero atoms with relatively very large Mulliken charges are the most susceptible active locations for adsorption of Azithromycin on the metal surface.

Acetylsalicylic acid as an environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel XC48 in chloride environment

In this study we evaluated the corrosion inhibition potential of an environmentally friendly, cost effective and beneficial compound on carbon steel in an acidic environment.We investigated electrochemical as well as gravimetric measurements for corrosion performance inhibition of the acetylsalicylic acid ASA molecules used from carbon steel XC48 in HCl 1M solution. The results show that aspirin inhibits the corrosion of carbon steel in acidic environment. It was found that the inhibition efficiency of aspirin increased with increasing inhibitor concentration and decreased with increasing temperature. The maximum inhibition efficiency was 96% with 5×10−3 M aspirin at 308 K. The inhibition efficiency increased with increasing concentration of ASA. This inhibitor adsorbs on the metal surface according to the Langmuir model and a physical adsorption mechanism is proposed for the adsorption of the inhibitor on the carbon steel surface, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the Thermodynamic and the kinetic parameters were calculated and discussed.

Electrochemical study on using aminated MIL–101(Cr) as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in acidic environment

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to confirm the importance of using metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) in the field of corrosion control due to their potential use as corrosion inhibitors.Design/methodology/approachNH2–MIL–101(Cr), an amine-functionalized chromium-based MOF [Cr(III)-MOF], was prepared by solvothermal technique. Thereafter, Cr-MOF was used as an anticorrosion additive for mild steel (MS) in 1 m HCl solution. This inhibition behavior was tested by electrochemical tests including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization (PDP).FindingsIncreasing the added amount of Cr-MOF enhances its inhibition performance, which attained 96.40% at 30 ppm. The obtained data from PDP measurements describe Cr-MOF as a mixed-type inhibitor. Based on SEM/EDS and FTIR analysis, the adsorption of Cr-MOF on the surface of MS that prevents MS corrosion has been demonstrated. Furthermore, Langmuir model is the most adequate adsorption isotherm for the obtained experimental data.Originality/valueThis study revealed that NH2–MIL–101(Cr), an amine-functionalized chromium-based MOF (Cr(III)-MOF), is a potential corrosion inhibitor for MS in 1 m HCl solution.

Silver nanoparticles – Expired medicinal drugs waste accumulated at hail city for the local manufacturing of green corrosion inhibitor system for steel in acidic environment

The aim of the present study is to avoid the accumulation of expired drugs and chemicals in Hail City Saudi Arabia by using it for the manufacturing of eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors as a local product for the Hail area. The current study looks at Ag nanoparticles' green synthesis, characterization, and inhibitory properties. Silver nitrate (AgNO3) was used as a precursor, sodium citrate as a reducing agent, and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a stabilizer in the chemical reduction procedure. The effect of adding expired Baclofen drug (EMBD) collected from the Hail area to the nanoparticles was investigated. The addition of PVA and expired pharmaceuticals to the nanoparticles increased the corrosion inhibition of steel. The researchers looked at the effects of nanoparticle concentrations, reaction temperature, and mixing nanomaterials with medications. With rising nanoparticle concentrations, expired drug concentrations, and reaction temperature, corrosion inhibition was observed to rise. The inhibition is caused by nanoparticle adsorption on steel surfaces that follow the Langmuir Isotherm. The addition of EMBD to nanomaterials improved their inhibitory performance, which was found to be (Nano2- EMBD) > (Nano1- EMBD) > (Nano2) > (Nano1) > (EMBD), in that order. Nanomaterials are promoted by the expiring medication meaning that, the synergistic effect happens between nanomaterials and drug systems. The results of potentiodynamic polarization as electrochemical measurements show that the inhibitor system (Nano2- EMBD) acts as a mixed-type. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data show that the inhibitor system improves polarization resistance and inhibition performance by adhering to the metal/electrolyte interface.