Motivation Status Research Articles

Effects of voluntary and forced exercises on motor function recovery in intracerebral hemorrhage rats.

Motor paralysis is a severe consequence of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) that reduces patient quality of life. Rehabilitation is beneficial for stroke patients. However, functional recovery depends on the exercise type, and which factors are effective during rehabilitation are unknown. We aimed to clarify the effect of voluntary and forced exercises for functional recovery in ICH rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: forced treadmill running (F-Ex.), voluntary wheel cage running (V-Ex.) and no exercise (Non-Ex.). The effects of the two exercises on motor recovery were analyzed by determining the motor deficit score and using the beam walking test. Stress and motivation status after rehabilitation were determined by corticosterone concentrations (ELISA) and immunoreactivity of ΔFosB (immunohistochemistry) in the nucleus accumbens, respectively. Significantly enhanced motor functional recovery was observed in the two trained groups compared with that in the Non-Ex. group. Of note, recovery in the V-Ex. group was greater than that in the F-Ex. group. To investigate the motivation and stress related to the exercises, the expression of ΔFosB in the nucleus accumbens and corticosterone concentration were compared after rehabilitation. In the V-Ex. group, there was a significant increase of ΔFosB, and in the F-Ex. Group, there was a high concentration of corticosterone. These data suggest that the effect of training for motor recovery was enhanced by motivation and reduced by stress.

Социально-демографические и уголовно-правовые признаки осужденных за преступления в сфере экономической деятельности. Криминологический анализ статистических сведений

We analyze statistical data on the socio-demographic and criminal-legal characteristics of convicted of crimes in the economic activity sphere (Chapter 22 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation) in the Russian Federation for the period from 2011 to 2019. We establish that convicted of сrime under Article 175 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation stand out from the general mass of those convicted of crimes in the economic activity sphere due to their similarity in socio-demographic characteristics with convicted of crimes against property (theft). Analysis of the characteristics of the criminal’s personality traits allows us to conclude that among the persons who have committed crimes in the economic activity sphere, men are highly active; the highest frequency of registered crimes falls on the age group from 30 to 49 years; these categories of persons have a fairly high level of education (higher or secondary); the percentage of persons who have committed crimes in the economic activity sphere and at the same time had a criminal record is rather low; crimes in the economic activity sphere are committed with the predominance of the motive of self-interest, and in some cases, the status motive.

Эмоциональное отношение к школе и самоотношение старшеклассников различного пола и возраста

The aim of this work was to study (taking into account gender and age) the relationship between emotional attitude to learning activity and self-attitude in high school students. The following parameters were revealed separately for groups of boys and girls: 1) the structure of the emotional attitude to the values of school life (by factor analysis of assessments obtained with the Semantic Differential scale); 2) the indicators of self-attitude (according to the technique by S.R. Pantileev); 3) the correlations between the selected factors and the parameters of self-attitude. The study involved students of 9—11 grades (14—17 years old) from two Moscow schools. A total of 346 people were surveyed; the subjects were divided into 4 groups: younger groups (8—9 grades, 14—15 years old) boys (73) and girls 76), older groups (grades 10—11, 16—17 years old) of boys (98) and girls (99); both techniques were used in 217 students: younger groups of boys (41) and girls (49), older groups boys (63) and girls (66).As it was found, with age there is a tendency to change the semantic content of some motives — for boys in the field of status motivation, and for girls in the field of learning motivation. In girls, various types of emotional and motivational attitudes toward learning are more consistent with the parameters of self-attitude. At the same time, among younger boys motivation of duty and recognition is closely related to self-attitude, whereas in older boys the latter is related only to learning and cognitive motivation.

Motivation Status of Male and Female Soccer Players in Kenya’s Secondary Schools

The purpose of this study was to determine motivation status of soccer players in secondary schools in relation to gender of the participants. The study hypothesized that there would be no significant difference on motivation among soccer players in secondary schools in relation to gender of the participants. The study adopted cross sectional analytical research design. The participants were boys and girls enrolled in secondary schools from urban and suburban areas at zonal level. Stratified random sampling was used to ensure proportionate representation of both male and female soccer players from the two counties. The sampled respondents were 548 (54.7%) out of the target population of 1001. Four dependent variable were used; self-achievement motivation, self-fulfillment, social interaction and personal image motivation. The Sport Motivation Scale questionnaire was the instrument for data collection. Data was summarized in percentages, mean values and standard deviations. Hypotheses were tested using t-test at p = 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that male soccer players were significantly more motivated on the variable of personal fulfillment than the female soccer players. However, no statistically significant differences were observed between the two genders the other three variables of personal image, self-achievement and social interaction. The study recommends that teachers, trainers and coaches handling soccer players at secondary school level seek to maintain the high motivation observed by both male and female players. The study also recommends for expansion of training on psych-social aspects of teachers, trainers and coaches.

Servis Sorumlu Hemşirelerinin Dönüşümcü Liderlik Davranışları ve Hemşirelerin Motivasyon Durumları

Servis Sorumlu Hemşirelerinin Dönüşümcü Liderlik Davranışları ve Hemşirelerin Motivasyon Durumları

Evidence of green signaling in green hotels

Green signaling posits that environment-friendly purchases signal consumers’ pro-sociality and willingness to pay more for societal/environmental well-being, enhancing their social status. Using three scenario-based quasi-experimental studies, we sought evidence of green signaling by guests in green hotels when status motive is activated, consumption condition is manipulated, and hotel price is varied. Results showed that, when status motive is activated, consumers signal the intent to purchase better-quality conventional hotels when green hotels are priced more or equal and when the consumption condition is private. In public consumption condition, when controlling for price, and in private consumption condition, when green hotels are priced lower, no significant difference was found between purchase intentions regarding conventional and green hotels. This represents slight, although inconclusive, evidence of green signaling. Industry practitioners in green hotels should lower prices and make the consumption process public by providing consumers with opportunities to engage more actively via social media.

Show them the flag: status ambitions and recognition in small state coalition warfare

ABSTRACTWhy do small states actively contribute to US- and NATO-led military operations? The small state literature has recently developed a novel explanation, referring to their dependency upon the alliance hegemon. The logic is that the small states aim to improve their status and reputation in order to remain relevant and to receive protection. This article contributes to this literature by moving away from this fear of abandonment motivation towards more positive status incitements. It shows how such status motives actually guide and shape small states’ military contributions in US- or NATO-led operations. It does so by using recent innovations in process-tracing methodology to create a status-seeking mechanism. Using the case of Belgium’s participation in the military coalition against ISIL, this article goes beyond the usual Scandinavian suspects in the small state literature and demonstrates that status motivations have relevance for a wider group of small states.

The Astrophysical Multimessenger Observatory Network (AMON): Performance and science program

The Astrophysical Multimessenger Observatory Network (AMON) has been built with the purpose of enabling near real-time coincidence searches using data from leading multimessenger observatories and astronomical facilities. Its mission is to evoke discovery of multimessenger astrophysical sources, exploit these sources for purposes of astrophysics and fundamental physics, and explore multimessenger datasets for evidence of multimessenger source population AMON aims to promote the advancement of multimessenger astrophysics by allowing its participants to study the most energetic phenomena in the universe and to help answer some of the outstanding enigmas in astrophysics, fundamental physics, and cosmology. The main strength of AMON is its ability to combine and analyze sub-threshold data from different facilities. Such data cannot generally be used stand-alone to identify astrophysical sources. The analyses algorithms used by AMON can identify statistically significant coincidence candidates of multimessenger events, leading to the distribution of AMON alerts used by partner observatories for real-time follow-up that may identify and, potentially, confirm the reality of the multimessenger association. We present the science motivation, partner observatories, implementation and summary of the current status of the AMON project.

Efficacy and safety of direct oral anticoagulants in patients with pulmonary thromboembolism

Anticoagulant therapy is the treatment of any variant of pulmonary thromboembolism and patients in 100% of cases. In actual clinical practice, for the treatment and prevention, it is necessary to carry out regular control laboratory indicators, a constant dose adjustment, which can always be feasible for patients and it is not surprising to doctors when they independently discontinue treatment. The last decade was marked by the emergence of direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) – factors determining Xa and direct thrombin inhibitor, which provide a predictable mechanism of action, the dosage regimen in standard dosages, no need for laboratory control and a minimum of food and drug interactions. In clinical practice, it is very important to try to balance the risks and benefits when choosing a new anticoagulant, which leads to a comparative analysis of the effectiveness and safety of all currently registered DOAC. This article is devoted to the analysis of the problems of safety and efficacy of anticoagulants, as well as their use over a long period of time. It should be understood that the large-scale studies convincingly prove that the effectiveness and safety of flights, however, should be recognized that patients with indications for thrombectomy reduce the rate of renal reaction with a glomerular rate of less than 30 ml/min. In this regard, the assessment of the actual efficacy and safety of the PAK also reveals risk factors for noncompliance in actual clinical practice, which are important not only with frequent dosing, but also with motivation, understanding, and socio-economic status of the pat ient.

Differences In Students' Motivation by Socio-Economic Status Of Parents And Their Implications In Guidance And Counseling

Motivation to learn is a strong impulse in students that raises activities for learning, guarantees the continuity of learning activities, one of the factors that influence students 'learning motivation is parents' socio-economic status. this research aims to : (1) learning motivation of students in schools with the condition of the upper and middle class socioeconomic status, (2) learning motivation of students in schools whose parents' social status is up and down, (3) learning motivation of students in schools with a condition of middle-class parents with lower social status, (4) identify differences in student learning motivation based on parental socio-economic status and its implications in guidance and counseling.This type of research is quantitative research with descriptive comparative method. The population of this study was as many as 800 students of Banuhampu Middle School 01 District. Agam and a sample of 187 students were selected by proportional random sampling technique. The instrument used was a questionnaire form of Likert scale. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and test different techniques (analysis of variance) with SPSS for Windows version 20.00.The findings showed that: (1) The students' motivation social status on the high category, (2) The students 'motivation medium social status in the high category, (3) the social status of students' motivation under the category of being, and (4) there is a significant difference between students' motivation social status upper, middle and lower.

Customer motivations for sustainable consumption: Investigating the drivers of purchase behavior for a green‐luxury car

AbstractThe purpose of the study is to investigate the effect of status motivation on customers' purchase intention of a green‐luxury car associated with owning a green‐luxury car, and whether materialism and horizontal–vertical individualism/collectivism moderate this relationship. The quantitative research methodology using online survey technique was used to collect cross‐cultural data from respondents (507) from China and Germany. Purposive sampling technique was used to identify and collect data from current and prospective customers of the BMW brand. Collected data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results demonstrated that materialism and cultural value (horizontal–vertical collectivism and vertical individualism) can serve as moderators of the effects of status motivation and purchase intention of the green‐luxury car. Although some studies have explored the factors involved in customer purchasing behaviour for green‐luxury products, our results theoretically and empirically show that materialism, vertical individualism, horizontal collectivism, and vertical collectivism enhance the positive effects of status motivation on customer purchasing behaviour for a green‐luxury car.

Factors affecting the capabilities of family development centre staff regarding promotion of pre-school language learning amongst parents in Thailand

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors contributing to the competencies and capabilities of Family Development Center (FDC) staff in order to promote pre-school language developmental support amongst parents. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional study was conducted amongst 260 FDC staff under the supervision of Thai local authorities in the rural province of Suphanburi in Thailand from July to September 2016. Self-administered questionnaires were used. Eligible participants with at least a year’s experience on the FDC committee were purposively selected. Analyses were performed by descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation, Spearman’s correlation, χ2 test and stepwise multiple regression. Findings Only 23.5 percent of staff had a high level of capability. The respondents’ perceptions of their self-capability were influenced by motivation, attitudes toward promoting language learning amongst parents, self-efficacy, sufficient budget and receiving constructive appraisal support (r=0.387, 0.328, 0.366, 0.106 and 0.104, respectively). Marital status was negatively associated with FDC staff capability (r=−0.172). The multivariate analysis showed that 23.9 percent of the variability of FDC staff’s self-capability could be explained by their motivation for working, attitude, self-efficacy and marital status (p<0.001). Originality/value Research findings could be used to improve motivation for working, positive attitudes and self-efficacy regarding parenting promotion for pre-school language development to achieve standardized quality performance. Results of this study could also form the basis for designing effective training programs for FDC staff in the context of the specific organization and community.

Мотивационно-эмоциональное отношение к учебе старшеклассников различного пола и возраста

The purpose of this work was to study sex and age characteristics of emotional reflection of objects-values of school life in high school students. Experimental identification of the structure of the emotional-motivational profile was carried out using a factor analysis of assessments of 10 objects of school life according to the system of 25 adjective pairs in accordance with the Semantic Dif ferential scale. The analysis was conducted separately for each of the four groups of schoolchildren (two schools in Moscow with the traditional training paradigm): the younger group (8—9 grades, 14—15 years old) boys (52) and girls (57), the older groups (10—11 classes, 16—17 years old) boys (96) and girls (100).This made it possible to identify and describe the structure and qualitative specificity of the emotional relationship of high school students of different sex and age. It is revealed that with age there is a tendency of differentiation and transformation of the content of certain motives: for boys in the sphere of self-affirmation and for girls in the sphere of affiliation and status motivation. Obligation motivation (learning as a necessity) turned out to be similar for groups of boys and girls and varies insignificantly with age.

A study on achievement motivation and socio-economic status of senior secondary students in Aligarh District

The present study explores the relationship between achievement motivation and SES among senior secondary students of Aligarh. Investigators also tried to estimate the effect of SES on achievement motivation, and mean difference of both in respect to their gender. A sample of 200 (100 male and 100 female) senior secondary students was selected. Achievement Motivation Scale and Socio-economic Status Scale were used for the collection of required data. Mean, SD, Correlation, Simple Regression Analysis and “t‟ test were used to analyze data. After all the investigators found that there is a significant relationship among achievement motivation and SES and that SES shows significant positive effect on Achievement Motivation. But no significant difference was found between male and female students on both variables (SES, Achievement Motivation).

Gambaran motivasi dan status psikososial pada mahasiswa yang melakukan dan tidak melakukan perawatan ortodontik di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana

Background: Appealing facial appearance holds an important role in increasing self confidence and social perception. Problems on facial appearance can be caused by dento-facial conditions and can be restored by undergoing orthodontic treatment. Aim: The aim of this study is to find out motivation and psychosocial status on college student underwent and do not underwent orthodontic treatment in Medical Faculty of Udayana University. Methods: Cross sectional designed were used as design of this study with total 165 respondents (female = 122, male = 43), age ranged from 18-23 years old. Data were collected using PIDAQ questionnaire. Results: Result from questionnaire will categorize respondents based on status and history of orthodontic treatment, motivation, and psychosocial status. Treatment status is divided into those who underwent treatment (n=81) and those who did not undergo treatment (n=84), motivation is divided into having motivation (n=114) and do not have motivation to undergo orthodontic treatment (n=50). Strongest motive that was had by those who still undergoing treatment and those who has finisihed treatment was dental condition (n= 24; n=25). On the other hand, strongest motive that was had by those who do not undergo treatment was facial appearance/aesthetic (n=18). IOTN score was used on someone to asses the need of dental treatment. Mild IOTN score were the majority on those underwent treatment (n=65) and those who did not undergo treatment also had mild IOTN score as the majority (n=74). Psychosocial status is categorized into good (n=102), moderate (n=55), dan low (n=8). In groups whose underwent treatment, only two respondents had low psyschosocial status and six respondents had low psychosocial status within those did not undergo treatment group. Conclusion: Based on the result of the study, it can be concluded that the strongest motivation to conduct orthodontic treatment is that the willing to improve facial appearance and dental condution. Highest psychosocial status is had by those who do not undergo orthodontic treatment.

The status of Arabic, superdiversity, and language learning motivation among non-Arab expats in the Gulf

This study uses the L2 Motivational Self System framework to explore the motivational profiles of 114 non-Arab expatriate teenagers attending UK curriculum schools in the United Arab Emirates. The study specifically investigates their motivational self concepts as these relate to the simultaneous learning of English, Arabic and, in some instances, an additional foreign language. The results of the study indicate that while participants are most motivated to learn English, this does not have a negative effect on their motivation to learn languages other than English (LOTEs). The findings also suggest that competitiveness positively correlates with an individual's motivation to be multilingual. As for Arabic, the study shows that participants approach its study in mostly functional terms, and are not particularly interested in Arabic media or culture. Parental influence also does not appear to be an important motivating factor with respect to participants’ decision to learn LOTEs. This study not only sheds light on the language learning motivations of expatriate teenagers in the Gulf, especially with respect to Arabic, but it also contributes to research on motivation as it concerns the learning of languages other than English.

Bireysel kalite göstergesi olan motivasyonu etkileyen faktörlerin orman işletmelerinde incelenmesi: Gümüşhane ili örneği

Günümüz işletmelerinde üretim ve maliyetleri etkileyen en temel etkenlerin başında insan faktörü gelmektedir. İnsan karmaşık yapısı dolayısı ile üretim sürecinin en güç kontrol edilebilen faktörüdür Bu sebeple motivasyon, üretimde çalışan kişileri belirli bir amaca yönlendiren ve verimliliği artırarak dolaylı olarak maliyetleri düşüren bir kavramdır. Bu çalışmada, Gümüşhane ilinde faaliyette bulunan orman işletmeleri örneği yardımıyla işletme çalışanlarının motivasyon durumları; motivasyon eksiklikleri ve tatmin oldukları konular açısından belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Ayrıca çalışanların motivasyonları ile yaş, cinsiyet, gelir, eğitim, hizmet süresi ve medeni durum gibi bazı kişisel özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiler de incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Gümüşhane ilinde faaliyette bulunan orman işletmeleri çalışanlarının motivasyonunu; yönetim-çalışan ilişkisi, sağlık problemleri, ücret, işin niteliği ve çalışma koşuları, çalışma arkadaşlarıyla olan ilişki, terfi/yükselme gibi faktörlerin önemli oranda etkilediği ortaya çıkmıştır. Ayrıca çalışanların motivasyonunun yaş grupları, eğitim düzeyi, gelir, çocuk sayısı, işletmelerdeki toplam çalışma süresi ve mevcut işletmedeki çalışma süresi değişkenlerine göre farklılaşırken, cinsiyet ve medeni durum değişkenlerine göre farklılaşmadığı belirlenmiştir.

Academic Motivation and Relevant Predictive Factors in Pharmaceutical Students of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran in 2016

Background & Objective: The research aimed to determine the level of academic motivation and some of the relevant factors in pharmaceutical students of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran in 2016. Materials and Methods: This was an applied research in terms of objectives with a descriptive-correlational design. Study population included all pharmaceutical students of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences (N=290) in the academic year of 2016-2017. In total, 168 subjects were selected using the Cochran formula and stratified random method. Data collection tools included three questionnaires of academic motivation, as well as occupational and individual factors, face and content validity of which was previously confirmed by experts. In addition, reliability of the research tools of academic motivation and occupational and institutional factors was estimated at the Cronbachs alpha of 0.88, 0.71, and 0.76, respectively. Results: Analysis of the data through descriptive and inferential statistics demonstrated that the mean academic motivation of students was at an acceptable level and higher than the hypothetical mean. Moreover, a significant relationship was observed between academic motivation and variables of economic status of family, GPA (university grade), and occupational factors (P less-than 0.05). Results of the regression table also demonstrated that occupational factors and university GPA determined the significance of academic motivation. Conclusion: According to the results of the study, university GPA had an impact on the academic motivation of students and was able to predict this concept to a certain extent.

Do they shop to stand out or fit in? The luxury fashion purchase intentions of young adults

AbstractA three‐study examination of young adults suggests that their motivation for status in terms of their luxury fashion purchase intentions is impacted by a bandwagon effect. In Study 1, qualitative research informs what fashion items represent status to young adults, how they view these items, and how they view others owning these items. In Study 2, survey research establishes the link between the motivation for status (status consumption) and purchase intention/ownership of these fashion items. In Study 3, a national survey of young adults examines what mediates and moderates the motivation for status to lead to luxury fashion purchase intentions. Results from the three studies indicate that status consumption has a positive impact on purchase intention of luxury fashion. This research also finds that cultural variables have an impact (mediate) the relationship between status consumption and purchase intention. Specifically, collectivism, uncertainty avoidance, power distance, and masculinity mediate the relationship between status consumption and purchase intention. Finally, the moderating impact of the bandwagon effect has a significant effect on the relationship between status consumption and fashion purchase intention for the cultural variables of uncertainty avoidance, long‐term orientation, and power distance. Implications for marketers are provided based on the findings.

Assessing Science Motivation for College Students: Validation of the Science Motivation Questionnaire II using the Rasch-Andrich Rating Scale Model

Motivation in science learning is believed to be essential for students’ pursuit of college-level studies and lifelong interest in science. Yet, the trend of low levels of motivation in learning science continued in college can be linked to a national concern about low scientific literacy levels and science career aspirations. To diagnose the current status of motivation of college students, it is important to have an instrument that can assess students’ motivation. The purpose of the present study is to examine the level of motivation of college students and establish the validity and reliability of a motivation questionnaire-the Science Motivation Questionnaire II (SMQ II) developed by Glynn et al. (2011)-using the Rasch-Andrich rating scale model. The original instrument consists of 25 items allocated in five sub-factors. Both person separation reliability and item separation reliability were excellent. The item separation index indicated good variability of the items and the five rating scale functioned well. All Infit and Outfit measures in the Rasch analysis demonstrated a lack of unidimensionality of the science motivation construct in the SMQ II, which supports the deletion of two items to satisfy the unidimensional structure.