Today genetic data of are a huge source of information on people. Unprecedentedly rapid progress demonstrates that possibly we will be able shortly to predict with a much bigger accuracy such signs as state of health, academic progress, specific features of personality and behavior. The ultraprecise information taken from genetic data on is very valuable, but at same time, it bears certain risks for certain people. For example, such information can be used for manipulations with insurance premiums, in questions of employment, educational sphere, questions of development of child, in law-enforcement activity and also in other areas of human rights. It leads to statement of questions of ethical and legal character, including, abuses connected with prevention, unauthorzsed use and even unreasonable restriction of rights and freedoms of (discrimination), including on biological signs. The important role in solution of these questions belongs to guarding branches of right and criminal law, in particular. Task of authors when writing article was implementation of analysis of the international standards in sphere of a turn of genetic data on person and existing Russian legislation in part relating to protection of personal and genetic data of person. In course of work on article following methods have been used: comparative and legal, dialectic, formal and logical. Subject of article was analysis of norms in international legal acts, norms in existing criminal and regulatory legislation of Russia and definition of directions of improvement of mechanism of criminal legal protection of genetic data of person. As a result of analysis authors have come to a conclusion that in the international standards in sphere of a turn of genetic data on person, genetic data contact human right on respect of human dignity and right to personal privacy; genetic data of belong to personal data and treatment of them has to have confidential character. The Russian legislation and its official interpretation conform to international standards in considered sphere. It is noted that genetic data of directly aren't mentioned in criminal legisla- tion of Russia. The conclusion is drawn that their criminal legal protection can be carried out by means of reference of genetic data of to category of special personal data – to biometric personal data which is a personal secret. Suggestions for improvement of criminal legislation and practice of its uniform application regarding protection of genetic data of are formulated. In conclusion it is noted that question of character and degree of public danger of an illegal turn of genetic data on needs additional study.