Reference State Research Articles

Применение конопляного урбеча и нутовой муки в составе комбинированных творожных десертов

Purpose. Determination of the functional and technological compatibility of whipped food systems of combined curd desserts with neoprotein ingredients. Materials and Мethods. Experimental research and development of samples were carried out in the conditions of the Department of Food Production Technologies of Volgograd State Technical University and Complex Analytical Laboratory of VRIMMP (Volgograd). The object of the study was combined curd desserts with neoprotein ingredients: urbech from peeled hemp seeds in the curd part and chickpea flour in the biscuit part. All studies within the framework of this work were carried out in accordance with regulatory documents of state standards of the Russian Federation: assessment of organoleptic indicators – according to GOST R ISO 22935-2-2011 and GOST 31986-2012; whipped of the curd part was determined according to GOST R 52175-2003, mass fraction of moisture – according to GOST 3626-73, titratable acidity – titrimetrically (GOST 3624-92), mass fraction of moisture in the biscuit – according to GOST 5900-2014. Results. Sample of curd part No. 2 with the addition of 6% urbech from purified hemp kernels and sample of biscuit No. 2 using chickpea flour after frying demonstrated the best organoleptic characteristics. The results of physicochemical and rheological tests showed that the addition of urbech increases whipped of the curd part by 2 times, reduces acidity by 11.1% and increases mass fraction of moisture by 5.5%, and frying chickpea flour helps to increase the mass fraction of moisture in the biscuit, which slows down staling. The use of neoprotein components enriches the combined whipped curd product with plant protein, dietary fiber, macro- and microelements. Conclusion. Production of combined whipped curd products using neoprotein components - hemp urbech and fried chickpea flour, is advisable due to the improvement of the organoleptic, physico-chemical and rheological properties of both the curd and biscuit parts of the product, as well as increasing their nutritional and biological value.

High performance ultrasonic vibration assisted Wire-arc directed energy deposition of Invar alloy

As the utilization of composite materials flourishes in commercial aircraft, the use of Invar alloy with low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) for fabricating composite molds has gained prominence. The large-size composite molds can be fabricated by Wire-arc Directed Energy Deposition (Wire-arc DED), due to its high deposition efficiency and ability to form optimized topologies. However, the Wire-arc DED Invar components still exhibit heterogeneous microstructure, low strength and non-tunable CTE. To address these challenges, this study explores the integration of an ultrasonic energy field during the deposition process to systematically investigate its effects on microstructural evolution, mechanical properties and CTE of Invar alloy. The results reveal that the ultrasonic vibration-assisted deposition significantly refines the grain structure, resulting in a decrease of 81.04 % in grain size compared to the reference state. Moreover, the components fabricated by ultrasonic vibration assisted Wire-arc DED exhibit exceptional properties, with a yield strength (YS) of 408 ± 11.37 MPa, ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 645 ± 7.61 MPa, and elongation (EL) of 31.3 %. Additionally, the correlation between grain size and CTE was established. The effectiveness of introducing an ultrasonic energy field in improving the mechanical properties and modulating the CTE of the components is further validated by rigorous theoretical calculations. This research provides a promising way to fabricate high performance Invar alloy composite molds.

Shifting baselines clarify the impact of contemporary logging on forest‐dependent threatened species

AbstractDespite the importance of protecting forests and woodlands to achieve global climate and biodiversity goals, logging impacts persist worldwide. Forestry advocates often downplay these impacts but rarely consider the cumulative threat deforestation and degradation has had, and continues to have, on biodiversity. Using New South Wales (Australia) as a case study, we quantify the extent of deforestation and degradation from 1788 (pre‐European colonization) to 2021. We used historical loss as a baseline to evaluate recent logging (2000–2022) and the condition of the remaining native forest and woodland. Condition was quantified by measuring the similarity of a current ecosystem to a historical reference state with high ecological integrity. Using these data, we measured the impacts on 269 threatened terrestrial species. We show that possibly over half (29 million ha) of pre‐1788 native forest and woodland vegetation in NSW has been lost. Of the remaining 25 million ha, 9 million ha is estimated to be degraded. We found recent logging potentially impacted 150 species that had already been affected by this historical deforestation and degradation, but the impacts varied across species. Forty‐three species that were identified as impacted by historical deforestation and degradation and continue to be impacted by logging, now have ≤50% of their pre‐1788 extent remaining that is intact and nine species now have ≤30%. Our research contextualizes the impact of current logging against historical deforestation and highlights deficiencies in environmental assessments that ignore historical baselines. Future land management must consider both the extent and condition of remaining habitat based on pre‐1788 extents.

Dynamics and control for spacecraft tracking a displaced orbit around an asteroid exploiting solar sail

This study investigates the displaced orbit around a near-Earth asteroid for spacecraft achieved via a realistic solar sail with a performance based on the existing technology in a low distance. Using the realistic solar sail to achieve the displaced orbit with a short displaced distance is more difficult compared with using a traditional thruster under two main limitations: The force limitation and the position limitation. Firstly, the solar radiation pressure (SRP) force generated by the solar sail is limited by the solar sail’s property and the sunlight direction. Therefore, the feasibility of maintaining a displaced orbit at an equilibrium point around the asteroid at a low distance using a solar sail with realistic performance is investigated analytically. The results demonstrate that the equilibrium point of the displaced orbit can be achieved. Secondly, the usage of the solar sail is also limited by the position of the spacecraft. The SRP force cannot be generated in the eclipse region wherein sunlight is absent; specifically, in a displaced orbit with a low displaced distance, the position limitation is more notable. To address this challenge, spacecraft dynamics and control using a solar sail are investigated to achieve the displaced orbit, and a method of orbit transfer outside the eclipse region is proposed. Numerical simulations reveal that the spacecraft can maintain the displaced orbit using the solar sail without entering the eclipse region. Moreover, spacecraft can achieve orbit transfer between two equilibrium points without entering the eclipse region by using the solar sail. The impact of non-spherical shape of the primary asteroid is also investigated. Results show that the proposed method can maintain a displaced orbit with errors from the reference state less than 10 % during a limited time span when the primary asteroid has a non-spherical shape.

THE PROBLEM OF BUILDING DIAGNOSTIC EQUIPMENT FOR RADIO-ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The reasons leading to the lack of proper diagnostic support for electronic equipment (REE), which is necessary to ensure their proper quality and reliability, are disclosed. Ignoring the issues of creating proper diagnostic support has a negative effect on the organization of production processes, further operation and repair of REE. The reasons for the lack of proper diagnostic support for REA are largely determined by the imperfection of the regulatory and technical base in the form of outdated state standards, the lack of domestic modern hardware and software diagnostic complexes on the Russian market and the availability of opportunities to circumvent the issues of building proper diagnostic support when developing REE. The reasons can be eliminated by creating a set of regulatory and technical documents that take into account the modern development of electronic, computing and measuring technology.

PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN METODE KASUS BERBASIS PROYEK PADA MATA KULIAH SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN

Participatory and cooperative classes are part of the key performance indicators that are mandatory for universities in their fulfillment. National higher education standards state that case studies and project-based learning can both be used for teaching. However, students at the Nobel Institute of Technology and Business Indonesia have not been given knowledge about how to think at a higher level and solve cases that occur in the world of work. Using the project-based case method, this study aims to create a learning model for the Management Information System (MIS) course in an effort to support the application of the learning outcomes-based curriculum (OBE). Research & Development (R&D) research methodology uses the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). Instructional analysis of learning outcomes; Semester Learning Plan (RPS); Lecture Event Unit (SAP); Learning Implementation Plan (RPP); and textbooks are some of the outputs of this research through the project-based Case Method Learning Model (CMT).

Theoretical analysis to optimize heat extraction from a solar pond integrated with a carbon dioxide heat pump

Heat pumps integrated with renewable energy sources represent an efficient approach to residential heating and cooling, with minimal environmental impact and reduced carbon emissions. While these systems have been extensively researched, there is a necessity to broaden their scope by investigating novel approaches to energy capture and storage that are adopted to the specific characteristics of the region. This study analyzes the effects of different operating parameters on heat extraction from a solar pond integrated with a heat pump using carbon dioxide under transcritical conditions. Subsequently, an optimization examination is conducted to assess and determine the conditions required to achieve the maximum heat extraction rate and the minimum pumping power. The outcomes of this investigation demonstrate that the carbon dioxide mass flux and operating pressure exert a greater influence on the responses compared to the inlet temperature of carbon dioxide and the lower convective zone temperature of the solar pond. Additionally, within the investigated range of mass flux, the highest level of heat extraction occurs at operating pressures near the critical point of carbon dioxide, approximately 7.5 MPa. To meet the demand for maximum heat extraction from the solar pond, the optimal conditions result in an overall performance improvement of 2.61 times compared to the reference state. Furthermore, optimizing the system to maximize heat extraction from the solar pond while using the minimum pumping power results in a total performance enhancement of 4.13 times.

Ab initio study of surfaces of lead and tin based metal halide perovskite structures

Abstract Hybrid perovskite materials, known for their potential in cost-effective optoelectronic applications, face a knowledge gap in crucial areas, particularly the atomic-level properties of the surface. This study addresses this challenge by refining ab initio methods for characterizing surface structures of cubic methylammonium lead bromide and methylammonium tin bromide (MAMeBr3 with Me = Sn, Pb), avoiding superficial restrictions in atomic movement during geometry optimization. The resulting structures confirmed nearly random MA+ molecule alignment, comparable to real-world experimental conditions. Calculating surface energies for these structures with crystal orientations {100} and {110}, each with different terminations, provides valuable insights into structural properties. Using a carefully chosen thermodynamic reference state, mimicking experimental conditions enables a thermodynamic discussion and facilitates the modulation of the MeBr2 component’s chemical potential. This modulation, in turn, allows for the prediction of crystal morphologies, as illustrated by Wulff’s construction. This approach establishes a crucial link between theoretical predictions and experimental conditions, shedding light on the complexities of hybrid perovskite materials.

A method for evaluating the effects of gentle remediation options (GRO) on soil health: Demonstration at a DDX-contaminated tree nursery in Sweden

Healthy soils provide valuable ecosystem services (ES), but soil contamination can inhibit essential soil functions (SF) and pose risks to human health and the environment. A key advantage of using gentle remediation options (GRO) is the potential for multifunctionality: to both manage risks and improve soil functionality. In this study, an accessible, scientific method for soil health assessment directed towards practitioners and decision-makers in contaminated land management was developed and demonstrated for a field experiment at a DDX-contaminated tree nursery site in Sweden to evaluate the relative effects of GRO on soil health (i.e., the ‘current capacity’ to provide ES). For the set of relevant soil quality indicators (SQI) selected using a simplified logical sieve, GRO treatment was observed to have highly significant effects on many SQI according to statistical analysis due to the strong influence of biochar amendment on the sandy soil and positive effects of nitrogen-fixing leguminous plants. The SQI were grouped within five SF and the relative effects on soil health were evaluated compared to a reference state (experimental control) by calculating quantitative treated-SF indices. Multiple GRO treatments are shown to have statistically significant positive effects on many SF, including pollutant attenuation and degradation, water cycling and storage, nutrient cycling and provisioning, and soil structure and maintenance. The SF were in turn linked to soil-based ES to calculate treated-ES indices and an overall soil health index (SHI), which can provide simplified yet valuable information to decision-makers regarding the effectiveness of GRO. The experimental GRO treatment of the legume mix with biochar amendment and grass mix with biochar amendment are shown to result in statistically significant improvements to soil health, with overall SHI values of 141 % and 128 %, respectively, compared to the reference state of the grass mix without biochar (set to 100 %).

Evaluation of enhanced external counterpulsation for diabetic foot based on a patient-specific 0D-1D cardiovascular system model

Background and objectiveDiabetic foot (DF) complications often lead to severe vascular issues. This study investigated the effectiveness of enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) and its derived innovative compression strategies in addressing poor perfusion in DF. Although developing non-invasive and efficient treatment methods for DF is critical, the hemodynamic alterations during EECP remain underexplored despite promising outcomes in microcirculation. This research sought to address this gap by developing a patient-specific 0D-1D model based on clinical ultrasound data to identify potentially superior compression strategies that could substantially enhance blood flow in patients with DF complications. MethodsData were gathered from 10 patients with DF utilizing ultrasound for blood flow rate and computed tomography angiography (CTA) to identify lower limb conditions. Clinical measurements during standard EECP, with varying cuff pressures, facilitated the creation of a patient-specific 0D-1D model through a two-step parameter estimation process. The accuracy of this model was verified via comparison with the clinical measurements. Four compression strategies were proposed and rigorously evaluated using this model: EECP-Simp-I (removing hip cuffs), EECP-Simp-II (further removing the cuffs around the lower leg), EECP-Impr-I (removing all cuffs around the affected side), and EECP-Impr-II (building a loop circulation from the healthy side to the affected side). ResultsThe predicted results under the rest and standard EECP states were generally closely aligned with clinical measurements. The patient-specific 0D-1D model demonstrated that EECP-Simp-I and EECP-Impr-I contributed similar enhancement to perfusion in the dorsal artery (DA) and were comparable to standard EECP, while EECP-Simp-II had the least effect and EECP-Impr-II displayed the most significant enhancement. Pressure at the aortic root (AO) remained consistent across strategies. ConclusionsEECP-Simp-I is recommended for patients with DF, emphasizing device simplification. However, EECP-Simp-II is discouraged as it significantly diminished blood perfusion in this study, except in cases of limb fragility. EECP-Impr-II showed superior enhancement of blood perfusion in DA to all other strategies but required a more complex EECP device. Despite increased AO pressure in all the proposed compression strategies, safety could be guaranteed as the pressue remained within a safe range.

Adiabatic quantum imaginary time evolution

We introduce an adiabatic state preparation protocol which implements quantum imaginary time evolution under the Hamiltonian of the system. Unlike the original quantum imaginary time evolution algorithm, adiabatic quantum imaginary time evolution does not require quantum state tomography during its runtime and, unlike standard adiabatic state preparation, the final Hamiltonian is not the system Hamiltonian. Instead, the algorithm obtains the adiabatic Hamiltonian by integrating a classical differential equation that ensures that one follows the imaginary time evolution state trajectory. We introduce some heuristics that allow this protocol to be implemented on quantum architectures with limited resources. We explore the performance of this algorithm via classical simulations in a one-dimensional spin model and highlight essential features that determine its cost, performance, and implementability for longer times, and compare to the original quantum imaginary time evolution for ground-state preparation. More generally, our algorithm expands the range of states accessible to adiabatic state preparation methods beyond those that are expressed as ground states of simple explicit Hamiltonians. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Connections within the Multiplicative Field: A Case Study of Adán’s Mathematical Thinking

ABSTRACT Mathematical coherence is a goal within the Common Core State Standards for Mathematics. One aspect of this coherence is how student mathematical thinking is developed across concepts. Unfortunately, mathematics is often taught as isolated ideas across grades. The multiplicative field is an area of study that needs to be examined as a space to develop connections across concepts. This paper uses a case study of mathematical thinking from one 5th-grade student over a school year to demonstrate the connections in his thinking across whole numbers, fractions, and graphing work. Analyzing his solution strategies with three frameworks detailing multiplicative, proportional, and functional thinking, his strategies show a developing understanding of proportional reasoning, and functional thinking as he is building his multiplicative thinking and connections from whole numbers to fraction problem-solving strategies to graphing. Examining this student’s mathematical thinking points to the opportunity for connections across the multiplicative field through teaching mathematics in a manner more responsive to student sense-making.

Creating pedagogical possibilities through media representations of “the talk” in civics classrooms

Millions of people learn lessons about citizenship and belonging from the media they consume each day. In this study, we examined the knowledges about citizenship that are conveyed through media representations of “the talk,”—the conversations Black families have with their children about navigating interactions with police in an antiBlack society. Our findings revealed that “the talk,” as an informal curriculum, can educate people on why antiBlack police violence occurs and can provide guidance to Black people on how to survive police interactions. Additionally, we found that the Black families in this study use “the talk” to name and challenge dominant narratives about policing and police officers. Although many civics curricula and state standards continue to remain race-evasive, antiBlack, and riddled with white supremacy, we contend that incorporating media representations of “the talk” into civics instruction can create pedagogical possibilities for educators to teach about the racialized realities of citizenship experienced by Black people in the United States.

An activity coefficient model for mixed-solvent electrolyte mixtures based on Gibbs–Duhem’s equation: A case study of mixtures of water, KCl and ethanol

Thermodynamic properties of mixtures with several fluid components and electrolytes are challenging to model. Models are needed to develop and improve a wide range of electrochemical systems such as fuel cells, lithium-ion batteries, and processes with ion-exchange membranes. In the literature, activity coefficients are extracted using fundamentally different experimental methods that rely on electrochemical cells, vapour pressure measurements, solubility measurements, etc. The reference states of the activity coefficients obtained from these methods are likely to differ. This makes it difficult to combine or compare activity coefficient models from different sources. In this work, we present a method using Gibbs–Duhem’s equation for the development of activity coefficient models of mixtures that are based on experimental data from different methods. We use the ternary mixture of KCl, H2O and ethanol as example. First, empirical expressions are developed for the logarithm of the activity coefficients of KCl and ethanol. The expression for the activity coefficient of H2O is next derived using Gibbs–Duhem’s equation. The resulting three activity coefficient models are fitted to available experimentally data from several sources, generating linear and relatively low-complexity activity coefficient models. The empirical activity coefficient models are next compared to the electrolyte cubic plus association (e-CPA) equation of state. The models give saturation pressures in ternary mixtures that have average absolute relative deviations for water/ethanol of 8.3/3.4% for the empirical model and 11.8/3.3% for e-CPA. Experimental data reduction procedures for concentration cells, formation cells, and vapour pressure measurements are discussed, and the freedom to choose the reference state and the consequences are highlighted.

Research on the OFDR strain measurement method based on similarity features of dual-segment RSS.

Optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) is a research hotspot in fiber optic sensing technology. This technology can be used for strain, vibration and temperature sensing and has great application prospects in fields such as deformation analysis of aerospace components and bridge monitoring. This article analyzes the reasons for strain demodulation errors under large strains. In response to the problem of reduced similarity between the reference state signal and the measured state signal, a strain measurement method based on the similarity feature of a double-segment Rayleigh scattering spectrum is proposed. Local segments at both ends of the reference state signal are used as new fingerprint spectra, and the offset of the measured state signal similarity spectrum is synchronously searched after extension. At the same time, by revealing the mechanism of strain edge demodulation errors, a strain edge optimization method based on automatic adjustment of the sliding window center position is proposed. A comparison experiment was conducted with traditional methods to verify the effectiveness of the above method. Finally, a sensing unit length of 32.6 mm was achieved with a frequency modulation bandwidth of 5 nm, and the measurement range was from ± 2000 µɛ to ± 2500 µɛ. The measurable spectral offset was increased from 48% to 60%, with a maximum standard deviation of 1.9 µɛ.

Origins of High-Activity Cage-Catalyzed Michael Addition.

Cage catalysis continues to create significant interest, yet catalyst function remains poorly understood. Herein, we report mechanistic insights into coordination-cage-catalyzed Michael addition using kinetic and computational methods. The study has been enabled by the detection of identifiable catalyst intermediates, which allow the evolution of different cage species to be monitored and modeled alongside reactants and products. The investigations show that the overall acceleration results from two distinct effects. First, the cage reaction shows a thousand-fold increase in the rate constant for the turnover-limiting C-C bond-forming step compared to a reference state. Computational modeling and experimental analysis of activation parameters indicate that this stems from a significant reduction in entropy, suggesting substrate coencapsulation. Second, the cage markedly acidifies the bound pronucleophile, shifting this equilibrium by up to 6 orders of magnitude. The combination of these two factors results in accelerations up to 109 relative to bulk-phase reference reactions. We also show that the catalyst can fundamentally alter the reaction mechanism, leading to intermediates and products that are not observable outside of the cage. Collectively, the results show that cage catalysis can proceed with very high activity and unique selectivity by harnessing a series of individually weak noncovalent interactions.

Transformations of Russian industrial real estate in the context of unstable economy: Literature mapping and review

This study is focused on Russian industrial real estate and mechanisms of its transformation in crisis periods as a sphere of scientific knowledge. The investigated crisis periods are of interest from the perspective of their different nature, which remains a relevant research problem at the interface of economics and politics. The source materials were all types of research literature published from 1940 up to the present, along with state standards in this field. The materials for analysis were collected from the book funds of the Russian State Library and journals of the leading Moscow universities. The collected literature was classified based on three historical periods. These included (1) the war and post-war period of the 40s and up to the mid-70s, when technical literature was published; (2) 90s and 2000s, which passed under the sign of perestroika and general restructuring of industrial enterprises; and (3) the period since 2014 up to the present, characterized by a series of geopolitical events. The conclusion is made that the evolution of scientific knowledge in the field of industrial real estate depends on the nature of the ongoing crisis.

Thermodynamic description of U(IV) solubility and hydrolysis in chloride systems: Pitzer activity model for the system U4+–Na+–Mg2+–Ca2+–H+–Cl––OH––H2O(l)

This study presents updated chemical, thermodynamic, and activity models for the system U4+–Na+–Mg2+–Ca2+–H+–Cl––OH––H2O(l) derived using the Pitzer formalism and a strict ion interaction approach. The models build on comprehensive solubility datasets in dilute to concentrated NaCl, MgCl2, and CaCl2 solutions. The Nuclear Energy Agency-Thermochemical Database (NEA-TDB) selection of solubility and hydrolysis constants in the reference state were taken as anchoring point, and were extended further with the solid nanocrystalline phase UO2∙H2O(ncr) and the ternary complex Ca4[U(OH)8]4+. The former was identified in long-term solubility experiments at ambient conditions, whereas the latter has been selected in analogy to Th(IV), Np(IV), and Pu(IV) considering experimental evidences available for these An(IV) in alkaline, concentrated CaCl2 solutions. These models represent an improved tool for the calculation of U(IV) solubility and aqueous speciation in a variety of geochemical conditions including concentrated brine systems relevant in salt-based repositories for nuclear waste disposal.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal communities respond to nutrient enrichment and plant invasion in phosphorus‐limited eucalypt woodlands

Abstract Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) facilitate ecosystem functioning through provision of plant hosts with phosphorus (P), especially where soil P is limiting. Changes in soil nutrient regimes are expected to impact AMF, but the direction of the impact may depend on context. We predicted that nitrogen (N)‐only enrichment promotes plant invasions and exacerbates their P limitation, increasing the utility of AMF and promoting AMF diversity. We expected that enrichment with N, P and other nutrients similarly promotes plant invasions, but decreases the benefit and diversity of AMF because P is readily available for both native and exotic plants. We tested these hypotheses in eucalypt woodlands of south‐western Australia, that occur on soils naturally low in P. We evaluated AMF communities within three modified ground‐layer states representing different types of nutrient enrichment and associated plant invasions. We compared these modified states to near‐natural reference woodlands. AMF richness varied across ground‐layer states. The moderately invaded/N‐enriched state showed the highest AMF richness, while the highly invaded/NP‐enriched state showed the lowest AMF richness. The reference state and the weakly invaded/enriched state were intermediate. AMF richness and colonisation were higher in roots of exotic than native plant species. AMF community composition differed among ground‐layer states, with the highly invaded/NP‐enriched state being most distinct. Distinctions among states were often driven by family‐level patterns. Reference and moderately invaded/N‐enriched states each supported distinct groups of zero‐radius operational taxonomic units (zOTUs) in Acaulosporaceae, Gigasporaceae and Glomeraceae, whereas Gigasporaceae and Glomeraceae were nearly absent from the highly invaded/NP‐enriched state. Further, Diversisporaceae and Glomeraceae were most diverse in the moderately invaded/N‐enriched state. Synthesis. Both the nature of soil nutrient enrichment and plant provenance matter for AMF. N‐only enrichment of low‐P soils increased AMF richness, likely due to the introduction of AMF‐dependent exotic plant species and exacerbation of their P limitation. In contrast, multi‐nutrient enrichment, decreased AMF richness potentially due to a decrease in host dependence on AMF, regardless of host provenance. The changes in AMF community composition with nutrient enrichment and plant invasion warrant further research into predicting the functional implications of these changes.

The Impact of Religion and Culture on Political Corruption in Akinyele Local Government Area of Oyo State: A Case Study of 2015 General Elections

This study examines the impact of religion and culture on political corruption in Akinyele Local Government Area of Oyo State in reference to 2015 general elections. Many local governments in Nigeria lack many developments, social amenities, health facilities, rural development and power supply due to the syndrome of corruption and autonomy independence to control their resources without the state interference due to that scenario, lack of accountability, lack of credible leadership, instability of political and socioeconomic development as take place. Culture and religion as influenced voting patterns of the electorate during the 2015 Presidential general elections. The impacts of corruption on the politics of the country include the crisis of legitimacy, lack of party ideology, weak political institutions; economic underdevelopment and political violence and the role of “Godfatherism” as initiated electoral corruption. Some power brokers with sufficient financial muscles sponsored their anointed godsons for political offices in return for lucrative contracts and spoils of the public treasury looting. They sponsored thugs, bribed the electoral stakeholders, and influenced voters through vote buying and all sorts of electoral manipulation to ensure that their candidates scale through and control power at all levels. The questionnaire and the structured questions formulated by the researchers were given to project supervisor, who criticized and that the instruments are validated, for they were seen measuring what were expected to measure. Findings revealed that a total number of 30 respondents represented (22.3%) candidate’s choice, 27 respondents represented (20.1%) election campaign, 23 respondents represented (17.1%) family background, while 54 respondents represented (40.2%) religious belief. This implies that majority of the respondents in this study agreed that religious belief is the means by which religion and culture influenced the voting pattern of Akinyele Local Government Area in the 2015 general elections. The study recommends that all candidates contesting for any political office must declare their assets publicly to avoid cases of corruption.