Islamic State Research Articles

Design of A Profile of Needs for Basic Reading Teaching Materials in Riau Province

This research aims to design a profile of needs for basic reading teaching materials, especially at the tertiary level. This study used a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Research data was collected using a questionnaire. The profile questionnaire for the need for teaching materials for the basics of reading was displayed on the Google form platform. The research data was in the form of questionnaire results distributed based on the needs of students in the Indonesian Language and Literature Education Study Program which was available at 3 leading universities in Riau Province, namely Riau Islamic University, Riau University and Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau State Islamic University. After getting the questionnaire results, data validation was carried out using interviews. Next, the data analysis technique was carried out using reflective techniques with the help of TagCrowd. The results of the research showed that the profile of the need for teaching materials for the basics of reading required by Language and Literature Education Students in Riau Province was based on four factors, namely factors (1) the content needs of students who want to understand the theory of reading skills, of course in accordance with real life and mastery of skills, (2) ) students' linguistic needs want popular vocabulary with complex information using simple sentences to make it easier to understand, (3) students' graphic needs want a book display with Times News Roman letters, 12 and A4 size paper equipped with pictures, audio and video, 21x29 cm using frames, and (4) students' learning media needs require teaching media in the form of printed books/e-books with interactive material containing public facilities such as tourist attractions and entertainment.) in the form of dialogue texts.

The Curious Personality Cult of Abu Bakr Al-Baghdadi: At the Crossroads of Religion, Politics, and Communication Strategies and Technologies

Abstract This paper studies the construction of the personality cult of Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, the deceased leader of the Islamic State (is) organization that ruled large territories in Iraq and Syria in the mid to late 2010s. Examining a range of is primary sources, I argue that al-Baghdadi sought to develop a distinct personality cult by cultivating auras of holiness and mystique around his personae. While he flaunted putatively exceptional religious leadership credentials, it is al-Baghdadi’s use of communication strategies and technologies for projecting his personality cult that distinguishes his case and this study. Al-Baghdadi sought to strategically mystify himself by rarely appearing in public and largely avoiding visual self-revelation in the media messages he released. Ultimately, given his defiance of regional and international powers and his group’s notoriety, al-Baghdadi’s low visibility and self-enigmatization worked to his advantage by generating much interest about him among supporters and the global media.

Harmonizing Local Wisdom with Islamic Values

The globalization wave has caused Indonesians to gradually lose and forget the values of local wisdom as the nation's assets and charm. The global community recognizes Indonesia as a society characterized by positive traits such as friendliness, courtesy, industriousness, altruism, openness, courage, and others. Initial observations at the State Islamic Institute of Palopo indicate that lecturers perceive that most students have lost the original character of the Indonesian nation. Implementing character education aligned with local wisdom values can address this issue. The research employed in this study is developmental research with the four D (4 D) model. Data collection techniques used include direct observation, interviews, and questionnaires. We can overcome negative student character issues using local wisdom and religious values. Every higher education institution requires character education guidelines that lecturers can use as a reference to cultivate positive student character. Higher education institutions can conduct character education through lectures, academic guidance, and real-life community service activities.

Retribution versus Rehabilitation for Children within Insurgency: Public Attitudes Toward ISIS-Affiliated Youth in Mosul, Iraq

ABSTRACT In the aftermath of insurgent violence, how do people view the treatment of insurgent youth, from adolescent fighters to very young children? Using an original survey, we examine public opinion regarding adolescent/child soldiers and young children in the Islamic State (ISIS) in Mosul, Iraq. Focusing retrospectively, we inquire about rehabilitative versus retributive preferences for minors who fought and worked for the Islamic State relative to adults. We find that retributive preferences toward minors are conditioned on their participation in violence, beliefs about the determinants of adulthood, and the role of agency versus coercion in the recruitment process. Looking prospectively, we find the public divided between fears over the threat posed by radicalized children within insurgency and hope for their rehabilitation and reintegration. Our results raise concerns about the detrimental effects of retributive justice and social stigma on the well-being of insurgent youth and children both now and later into adulthood.

Instagram activities, engagement and enrollment intention in Indonesia: A case in the third largest island in the world

Purpose: This study investigates the influence of diverse Instagram activities (entertainment, interaction, trendiness, advertisement and customization) on engagement levels and enrollment intention. Additionally, it aims to determine the impact of engagement on enrollment intention by exploring the mediating role of engagement in the relationship between social media activities and enrollment intention.
 Design/Methodology/Approach: The research involved 627 followers of the Antasari State Islamic University Banjarmasin Indonesia Instagram account. This study uses path analysis to better understand the impact of Instagram activities on enrollment intention and multiple linear regression to evaluate the influence of Instagram activities on enrollment intention with an emphasis on engagement as a mediating element in this relationship.
 Findings: The study found that Ig activity affects followers' engagement from all backgrounds. Entertainment and interaction elements have an impact on high school students' tendency to engage with followers. Furthermore, engagement affects enrollment intention. Advertisement affects enrollment intention with engagement as a mediator.
 Conclusion: This study validates previous research on Instagram (Ig) marketing's impact on engagement in education. It underscores the greater complexity of Ig marketing in education than in business where enrollment decisions involve intricate considerations resulting in a generally lower influence of social media marketing on enrollment outcomes.
 Research Limitations: This study only focused on the Ig account of one university and was limited to Islamic higher education.
 Practical Implications: Higher education marketing administrators recommended combining social media marketing variables with other factors influencing university choice. 
 Contribution to the Literature: This study finding has a conceptual contribution to higher education especially in social media marketing.

Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Motivasi Mahasiswa Menjadi Enterpreneur Syariah

This research aims to determine the influence of independence, environment, creativity and education on students' motivation to become sharia entrepreneurs. Study students at the Faculty of Economics and Islamic Business, Sultan Thaha Saifuddin State Islamic University, Jambi, the subjects of this research are students at the Faculty of Economics and Islamic Business, Sultan Thaha State Islamic University. Saifudin Jambi. Data collection techniques use observation, questionnaires and documentation where the research method used is a quantitative research method that uses primary data and secondary data with a multiple linear regression model. The results of partial testing (t test) of the independence variable and environmental variables do not have a significant effect on students' motivation to become sharia entrepreneurs. while the creativity variable and the education variable have a significant effect on students' motivation to become sharia entrepreneurs. Based on the results of the F test (simultaneous test) it can be concluded that independence, environment, creativity and education simultaneously have a significant effect on students' motivation to become sharia entrepreneurs.

Kewirausahaan Perguruan Tinggi Islam (Analisis Pendiidkan Kewirausahaan Dalam Konteks Kampus Merdeka)

This research aims to discover the ideal concept of entrepreneurship education in higher education. The study employs a qualitative paradigm with descriptive survey techniques. The research locus is conducted at the State Islamic Institute of Lhokseumawe. The results indicate that entrepreneurship education has been implemented before the implementation of the Independent Learning policy. The Independent Campus program provides opportunities for a series of innovations in implementing entrepreneurial management. This direction aligns with the orientation of the Independent Campus in shaping self-reliance and entrepreneurial spirit. Additionally, the implementation of entrepreneurship education stimulates a sense of independence in thinking and competitiveness through the improvement of management and technology optimization. The program's manifestation is carried out in the form of activities such as business units, internship programs, integrated learning programs, and entrepreneurship expos. On the other hand, faculty members innovate teaching through cultural learning and working transformation processes with an entrepreneurial spirit. This research has implications for the theoretical development of entrepreneurship concepts in the implementation of the Independent Campus policy.

A Relational Theory of Jihadist Affiliate Behaviour: The Case of Al Qaeda and the Islamic State

ABSTRACT Why do some AQ and IS affiliates fight one another while others avoid tension or even coordinate? While the extant theories of environment and power balancing provide inroads into such a puzzle, they overlook key relational factors shaping jihadist affiliate behaviour. In this article, I develop a relational theory of AQ-IS interactions, mapping out three avenues of pre-existing social networks: affiliate-civilian, AQ-IS affiliate and affiliate-unaffiliated rebels. Using several datasets, I examine AQ-IS relations in six regions from 2014 to 2018 with a crisp-set qualitative comparative analysis. Rival affiliates conflict less while relying on civilian support and cooperate more as off-shoots.

Yemeni and regional maritime doctrine in light of the decline of the liberal theory of freedom of navigation in EEZ

The presence of the USCENTCOM , AFRICOM and 34 foreign countries in the vital Yemeni, Arab, and national maritime spheres contributed to a flagrant violation of maritime laws and international political relations. Likewise, the presence and activities of the strategic and tactical military naval units of the aircraft carrier, submarines, and American and British nuclear naval destroyers in the Red Sea. The Gulf of Aden is a breach and violation of international law and agreements regulating freedom of navigation and a blatant assault on Yemeni sovereignty in its vital maritime sphere, as it is located in exclusive Yemeni economic waters, in addition to its nuclear effects in destroying the marine environment and human security. It constitutes a source of danger to food and maritime security, stability, and international peace. The study aims to clarify the influence of Western geopolitical thought and the behavior of American foreign policy in international relations and maritime laws, which is witnessing a major decline and failure in its global policy because it used the policy of American military force to achieve its own political goals and imposed the methodology of Western liberal maritime thought to control and limit the rights of the Yemeni, Arab, and Islamic coastal states. Which contradicts customs, laws, and agreements and affects historical rights and the Yemeni, Arab, and regional maritime domain. The study is expected to confirm the modern Yemeni, Arab, and Islamic hypothesis that the high seas and international maritime waters are within a distance of 200 nautical miles from the baseline and to affirm the right of Yemen and the Arab nation to be protected. The vital area of the United Arab Emirates and the Islamic and regional countries extends from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean, the Arabian Gulf, the eastern and western Indian Ocean to the Antarctic Ocean, and there is a call for holding maritime conferences in order to develop traditional Western maritime legal theories and concepts that seek to limit the rights of coastal states, establish perceptions, and reach an update to the laws regulating freedom of maritime navigation in accordance with the views of the peoples of the world and in response to global changes in multipolarity.

Examining the counterinsurgency-counterterrorism tradeoff: the effects of targeted strikes on militant attacks

ABSTRACT Do targeted strikes against militant groups affect insurgent operations differently from terrorist operations? One of the reasons it is challenging for states to counter militant groups who simultaneously wage an insurgency and a terrorist campaign is that there are offsetting effects between counterinsurgency and counterterrorism. As both an insurgent group and a terrorist group, the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) poses particular challenges to states. Since 2014, the United States and coalition allies have conducted thousands of targeted strikes against ISIL in Iraq and Syria as part of Operation Inherent Resolve (OIR). In this article, we examine the effects of targeted strikes against ISIL. Using a novel dataset of time-series observations from Iraq and Syria between 2015 and 2018, we examine the relationship between targeted strikes conducted under OIR and the number of insurgent and terrorist attacks conducted by ISIL. Our findings give empirical support to the theoretical argument that the same military strategy can have different effects on insurgency and terrorism.

Discourse Analysis of ISIS Ideology Show Cased in Speeches Addressing Jordanians

This study aimed to investigate the existence of ideology in the discourse of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) by examining the linguistic elements of two speeches through video addressing Jordanians. The discourse analysis approaches were adopted, such as the socio-cognitive and ideology theories of Van Dijk, which were considered to sense the manipulation of discourse and find out ISIS's discursive strategies. The study analysed two videos broadcasted on the Internet and social network accounts at a superstructural level, namely, the context, pattern, and topic which uncovered that ISIS carefully took into consideration the political and social context of Jordan to elaborate speeches exploiting Islamic topics and practices familiarly and persuasively. The study concluded that the discursive strategies of ISIS were constructed by glorifying the group members' actions and achievements while de-emphasising the outside group's positivity and delegitimising its authority. Keywords: ISIS, Critical discourse analysis, Ideology, Jordan, Socio-cognition

ABU BAKR AL-BARQANI AL-KHWARIZMI IMAM AL-HAFIZ

Due to the high and perstigios position that the Khawarazm region enjoys in the Arab-Islamic history, gdevelopedan interest and curiosity to know the importance of this region, its historical motives, its geographical.nature, its economic importance and the search for its political and scientific history that qualified it to produce agreat number of scholars and jurists who had a great role in th intellectual movement in Khorasan particularly and in Arab Islamic state generaly

ڕۆڵی دادوەرەکان لە بواری سیاسی و سەربازی و کارگێڕی لە هەرێمی جەزیرەی فوراتی (٣٣٤-٥٩٠ک/ ٩٤٥-١١٩٣ز )

In different times of the authorities of Jazira Fwrati Region, Judges have played sisignificantoles in political events and resolving conflicts. This role sometimes played b positively and sometimes negatively even profProfessionallynot his mission, however, he would involved and become a part of the city’s problem. From that aspect, usually, they advised the authorities and their speeches have been taken into account in the political and military fields. Often, they had been sent as diplomatic envoys to the Abbasid Caliphate or the authorities of the Islamic State. The judges were prrepresenthe new authority begin to work, the judges participated in giving the confidconfidencee authority. Moreover, they played in the administrative field and they have high administrative ranks at different ttimes in the Jazira Fwrati Region. They are the assistant of the authorities to organize the administration field because the judges except for the judge’sopposition have several administrative positions and can manage them successfully.

The history of the birth of the secular Islamic state of Turkey and the idea of the renewal of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk

This article discusses the history of the birth of the secular Islamic State of Turkey and the ideas of reform carried out by Mustafa Kemal Ataturk in various fields and its transformation into a modern, secular state. The method used in this research is a literature review using a qualitative approach. The analysis used to analyze the data is content analysis. The research results show that Mustafa Kemal Ataturk was one of the qualified Islamic reformers of the 19th century. He has made a major contribution to changing the mindset of Turkish society. By changing the old order that had become a tradition in the Ottoman Empire, and forming it into a new face with a style of thinking that actually did not change "Islam" but only changed the mindset and order of life of Muslims to adapt to the demands of the times. Islamic values were formed, a caliphate, a republic and even a secular one. Even though symbols are also important, what is more important is that the people are able to convey the substance of Islam in every movement of their people's lives. His ideas have brought Turkey to become a developed country that is on par with the international world as well as proving that Islamic government is a government that is in line with the demands of the times.

Continuity and Change in the Role of Mysticism Under the Islamic Republic of Iran

Abstract The current study will evaluate the role of ‘irfān [the inner perception of knowledge; combining elements of philosophy, theosophy, mysticism and Shi‘i thought] within the Islamic Republic of Iran as a significant component of Iran’s cultural heritage. It will focus on several prominent clerics and intellectuals who represent the regime’s diverse political factions. This article will demonstrate that under the Islamic Republic, ‘irfān evolved from a marginalized area to a central phenomenon and became a tool to debate the political direction of the state and the relationship between its revolutionary and republican elements. While mysticism in the service of politics was more wide-spread among the reformist camp, ardent supporters of the regime resorted to ‘irfān to enhance an exclusive perception of authority based on the rule of the Supreme Jurist. It also created a shared spiritual basis among the Islamic State’s diverse voices. The result was a new blend between mysticism, philosophy, Western thought, politics, Islamic law, and even messianism, within an inter-connectivity between the mystical path and the Shari‘a. Consequently, a complex understanding of ‘irfān has to take into consideration the multiple fusions between Islamic mysticism and other trends and evaluate the result in a specific socio-political context.

What Do Students' Need in Learning English for Constitutional Law?

This research aims to determine the need for English in the Constitutional Law class and the students’ problems in learning English. The writers applied a narrative qualitative research method. The participants of this research were the Constitutional Law Study Program students at the State Islamic Institute of Palopo in the 2022/2023 academic year. Ninety-five students (35 males and 60 females) were involved in this research. The data collection method was the survey by distributing a questionnaire through Google Forms. The questionnaires consisted of 26 statements with choices the participants had to select. The writers used a Likert Scale. The results of data analysis were presented using quantitative and qualitative methods. The research findings identified speaking and listening as the two most crucial English skills; 35 students were at an intermediate level, and 43.5% of students struggled to construct sentences in English correctly. 71.6% of students struggled to understand the text because of the lack of vocabulary. The students answered about learning materials they need to learn. 48% of students chose the topic of introduction to Constitutional Law. They (34.7%) find it difficult to use punctuation, capitalization, and spelling. In the setting aspect, the students answered their favourite places for learning English. Most students (44.2%) like studying in the classroom.

EFEKTIVITAS BIOCHAR TERHADAP KETERSEDIAAN UNSUR HARA MIKRO PADA ULTISOL

Biochar with a high organic matter composition is considered to be an ameliorant for Ultisol. Providing biochar as an ameliorant needs to be studied because it will cause an increase in micronutrients, most of which are excessive in Ultisol. This study aims to determine the effect of several levels of biochar dosage from corn cob as a base material on changes in micronutrients in Ultisol soil. This research was conducted in a greenhouse and in the Laboratory of Agrostology, Feed Industry and Soil Science, State Islamic University of Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau. Experiments with several doses of biochar as treatment, e.g., 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% of the composition of the growing media were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with six replications. The parameters observed were the micronutrient content of Boron (B), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Iron (Fe) and Aluminum (Al). The experimental results showed that giving corn cob biochar with doses of 0.5%, 10% and 15% did not significantly change the levels of B, Cu and Zn Ultisol. Biochar at a dose of 10% significantly increased the soil Zn content and decreased Al-dd Ultisol solubility.

‘Mamie Djihad’ and ‘the white widow’: constructing French and British national identities in terrorist times of crisis

ABSTRACT This article considers the media representation of two women who left the west for Islamic State (IS) in the mid-2010s: from France, Christine Rivière, nicknamed “Mamie Djihad” (Granny Jihad); and from Britain, Sally Jones, known as “The White Widow”. Both were white, middle-aged mothers, born and raised in their respective countries, who converted late in life and left behind established lives and (adult) children to join IS. While much has been written on the migration of western women to IS territory, scholarship has focused on younger women and girls who have been represented as groomed and vulnerable to IS propaganda. These two “unlikely jihadists” profoundly unsettled commonsense ideas about who was vulnerable to radicalisation, and, more troublingly, their defections could potentially be read as statements on the desirability of life in the west vis-à-vis IS’s model. Using Critical Discourse Analysis of leading French and British news media, the article demonstrates how journalists represented both women as always-already outside their respective nations through two key narratives: a gendered discourse of abject motherhood and an intersectional discourse that constructed them as abject inside Others. These narratives worked to suture the ideological rupture caused by these women, who were at first glance typically French/British, by demonstrating that they had actually always been on the margins of the national community and had always been dangerous to the nation.

Intersectionality and rehabilitation: how gendered, racial and religious assumptions structure the rehabilitation and reintegration of women returnees

ABSTRACT Women associated with the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) are returning to their home countries from camps in northern Syria and require prosecution, rehabilitation and reintegration. Yet, as feminist security and terrorism scholars have demonstrated, rehabilitation and reintegration programmes are mostly focused on men and neglect women’s experiences. The absence of rehabilitation and reintegration programmes designed for women is influenced by gender stereotypes around women’s peacefulness and their lack of agency. Alongside gender, further intersecting Islamophobic dynamics also shape these practices through, for instance, racial profiling or the trope of associating Islam with “terrorism”. This paper, thus, explores to what extent rehabilitation and reintegration programmes are influenced by underlying assumptions. I build upon feminist security and terrorism scholarship and draw from interviews with practitioners and policy- makers who have worked with ISIS women returnees across juris- dictions and countries. I argue that intersecting gendered, racial and religious assumptions influence the rehabilitation and reintegration practices of women returnees. This analysis is illustrated with three themes: 1) vocational training in rehabilitation programmes, 2) the freedom in the expression of religion and 3) the stigmatisation of returnees.

Ethnoscience Knowledge of Science Teacher Candidates at UIN Mataram

This study aims to explore the knowledge of prospective science teacher students about ethnoscience. This study is an exploratory research conducted by the Mataram State Islamic University with 17 biology education students as respondents obtained using a convenience sampling technique. The research instrument used is a closed questionnaire with answers using a Likert scale and has been validated by experts. This research data was analyzed using qualitative and quantitative descriptive statistics. The results of this research are (1) 82.35% of prospective science teacher students stated that they did not know enough about indigenous science, 70.59% stated that they did not know about ethnoscience, 70.59% stated that they did not know about the content of indigenous science in local traditions and culture, 58.82% said they didn't know enough about the relationship between indigenous science and scientific knowledge, 70.59% said they didn't know enough about the integration of indigenous science in science learning, 52.94% said they didn't know enough about ethnoscience-based learning; (2) 88.23% of prospective science teacher students showed ethnoscience knowledge in the Low category and another 11.17% showed ethnoscience knowledge in the Tall category