The following article is based on archival documents from the manuscript fund of the Institute of Oriental Studies, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, funds of the National State Archive of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Khivan Ichon-Kala Museum-Reserve and State Archive of the Orenburg Region of the Russian Federation. The historical sources reflecting the issue of slavery relations in the Khivan Khanate are analyzed, and public attitude to slaves in the country is studied. The doc-uments mainly reflect such issues as slave trade and conditions under which the slaves were liber-ated. Khivan Khanate’s customs of giving slaves and maidservants out as gifts to other owners were analyzed on the basis of related documents. Based on this, the role of Islam in the social and spiritual life of the Khivan Khanate was also analyzed. One of the methods to get rid of slaves and maidservants in the Khivan Khanate was to provide them freedom in exchange for money, and this issue is reflected in some archival sources. Based on the study of the documents of the State Historical Archive of the Orenburg Region, the level of political relations between the Khanate and Russia was discussed, as well as the measures taken by the Russian government to free the slaves. Political and economic relations between the Khanate and Russia were also analyzed, based on the study of documents from the State Historical Archive of the Orenburg Region.