Within the framework of this article, the author sets himself the goal of analyzing the characteristics of inflation processes in different countries, as well as the impact of inflation on macroeconomic instability in Poland, Sweden and Russia. The author argues that minimizing the risk of inflation will help the country reach a new level of development and stabilize constant economic growth. In 1980–1990 Many countries began to move from a command economy to a market economy, and the listed countries were no exception. It is emphasized that the Polish economy in the 1990s was one of the weakest in the European zone, and there was macroeconomic instability in all its forms: shortages of goods, high inflation, unemployment, and government budget deficits. However, today Poland is a successful country, its GDP is growing every year, while inflation processes can be maintained at the proper level. The article analyzes the inflation rate in Poland at the end of the twentieth century, during the crisis period in 2008, and also highlights the main measures taken by the Polish government to reduce inflation rates and minimize possible risks. In addition, the author believes that today Sweden is a country with a developed economy and the most favorable living conditions for its population. Despite favorable living conditions for the population, Sweden faces both a risk of inflation and a risk of deflation, both of which contribute to macroeconomic instability in the country. With the collapse of the USSR, macroeconomic instability, according to the author, is constantly observed in the country. High levels of inflation, state budget deficits, and periodic declines in production have been observed in the country for 20 years. In the final part of the article, the author compares the inflation rates of the countries considered, and also formulates a conclusion regarding the experience of other countries in the fight against inflation.