Standard Table Research Articles

The Gastropod Shell Structure as a Blueprint for a Periodic System: A New Theory for Element Configurations

The purpose of this article is to propose a new design for the periodic table of elements. The new design is based on a three-dimensional (3D) model of the gastropod shell structure and presents a mechanism of the formation of elements that reflects the laws of nature that guide the formation of the gastropod shell, electron orbitals, and element structure. The author also identifies challenges associated with the current standard periodic table, such as the positions of hydrogen, helium, lanthanides, and actinides. The author’s research is a response to the IUPAC’s request, dating back to 2016, to settle unresolved disputes surrounding the current standard periodic table. Hence, the author proposes the “Gastropod Shell Model”, which presents the periodic system in 2D and 3D snail shells based on a hypothesized unifying principle guiding the formation of elements: the universal unified theory that considers the spiral and vortex forms as the bridge between energy and matter. The author was able to position hydrogen, helium, lanthanides, and actinides uniquely in their proposed periodic system to solve problems associated with their positions in the standard periodic table. Readers will be interested in uncovering the “hypothesized unifying principle guiding the formation of elements”.

Effects of dietary resveratrol supplementation on digestive enzymes activities and serum biochemistry of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).

The effects of resveratrol as an anti-oxidant in improving growth and health have been shown in several experiments. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different dietary resveratrol inclusion levels on digestive enzymes activity and serum biochemistry of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Accordingly, 225 juvenile rainbow trout with an average body weight of 10.00 ± 1.50 g were stocked in nine experimental units. The study was performed as a completely randomized design including three dietary levels of resveratrol as follows: 0.00, 400 and 800 mg kg-1 feed. During the experiment, fish were fed based on their respective body weight using standard feeding tables at three feeding times for 8 weeks. Nine fish were randomly selected from each treatment at the end of the 4th and 8th weeks of the experiment. Results revealed that supplementing 800 mg kg-1 feed resveratrol significantly increased lipase activity (31.40 ± 0.32 U mg-1 protein) compared to the control group (29.92 ± 0.52 U mg-1 protein) at the end of week eight. Also, at the same time, it increased serum high-density lipoprotein (123.04 ± 1.57 mg dL-1) compared to the control group (97.055 ± 1.463 mg dL-1). In addition, dietary supplementation of 800 mg kg-1 feed resveratrol effectively reduced serum alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and aspartate aminotransferase activities along with glucose, cortisol and cholesterol. In conclusion, resveratrol can be used as a suitable food supplement to improve fish health by increasing digestive enzymes activities.

Trans-Table Intraoperative Fluoroscopic Technique for Obtaining a True Lateral View of the Proximal Femur in the Lateral Decubitus Position.

The management of proximal femoral fractures, especially comminuted subtrochanteric ones, poses a surgical challenge. It is relatively easier to perform the open reduction of these fractures in the lateral position on a standard radiolucent table, but obtaining an accurate lateral view of the femoral head and neck remains difficult. This study presents a method that overcomes the limitations of fluoroscopy in the lateral decubitus position and improves the accuracy of obtaining a true lateral view. The technique involves positioning the patient in the lateral decubitus position with the unaffected hip flexed at a 45° angle. Additionally, the C-arm is tilted 30-35° cephalad, eliminating the need for position changes or leg manipulation. This method reduces the risk of losing reduction, particularly in cases involving obese patients or complex fractures. By simplifying proximal femur fixation in the lateral decubitus position, this technique can potentially improve patient outcomes.

Long-Term Care Resident Health and Quality of Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Synthesis Analysis of Canadian Institute for Health Information Data Tables.

Long-term care (LTC) homes ("nursing homes") were challenged during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada. The objective of this study was to measure the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on resident admission and discharge rates, resident health attributes, treatments, and quality of care. Synthesis analysis of "Quick Stats" standardized data table reports published yearly by the Canadian Institute for Health Information. These reports are a pan-Canadian scorecard of LTC services rendered, resident health characteristics, and quality indicator performance. LTC home residents in Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, and Ontario, Canada that were assessed with the interRAI Minimum Data Set 2.0 comprehensive health assessment in fiscal years 2018/2019, 2019/2020 (pre-pandemic period), and 2020/2021 (pandemic period). Risk ratio statistics were calculated to compare admission and discharge rates, validated interRAI clinical summary scale scores, medication, therapy and treatment provision, and seventeen risk-adjusted quality indicator rates from the pandemic period relative to prior fiscal years. Risk of dying in the LTC home was greater in all provinces (risk ratio [RR] range 1.06-1.18) during the pandemic. Quality of care worsened substantially on 6 of 17 quality indicators in British Columbia and Ontario, and 2 quality indicators in Manitoba and Alberta. The only quality indicator where performance worsened during the pandemic in all provinces was the percentage of residents that received antipsychotic medications without a diagnosis of psychosis (RR range 1.01-1.09). The COVID-19 pandemic has unveiled numerous areas to strengthen LTC and ensure that resident's physical, social, and psychological needs are addressed during public health emergencies. Except an increase in potentially inappropriate antipsychotic use, this provincial-level analysis indicates that most aspects of resident care were maintained during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Thermodynamic mechanism of controllable growth of two-dimensional uniformly ordered boron-doped graphene.

Two-dimensional (2D) boron-doped graphene (B-G) exhibits remarkable properties for advanced applications in electronics, sensing and catalysis. However, the synthesis of large-area uniformly ordered 2D B-G remains a grand challenge due to the low doping level and uncontrolled distribution of dopants or even the phase separation from the competitive growth of boron polymorphs and graphene. Here, we theoretically explored the mechanism of the epitaxial growth of 2D uniformly ordered B-G on a metal substrate via ab initio calculations. We show that, by establishing the substrate-mediated thermodynamic phase diagrams, the controllable growth of 2D ordered B-G with different B/C stoichiometry can be achieved on appropriate substrates within distinct chemical potential windows of the feedstock by beating the competitive growth of graphene and other impurity phases. It is suggested that a suitable substrate for the controllable epitaxial growth of 2D ordered B-G can be efficiently screened based on the symmetry match and interaction between 2D B-G and the surfaces. Importantly, by carefully considering the chemical potential of boron/carbon as a function of temperature and partial pressure of the feedstock with the aid of the standard thermochemical tables, the optimal experimental parameters for the controllable growth of 2D ordered B-G are also suggested accordingly. This work provides a comprehensive and insightful understanding of the mechanism of controllable growth of 2D B-G, which will guide future experimental design.

Enabling Process Mining In Global Production Networks

In today's globalized economy, global production networks (GPN) play a central role in ensuring competitiveness. The number of interconnections and size of the networks lead to an ever-increasing complexity. With the help of data-driven methods, such as process mining, transparency over material flows in GPNs can be increased, making the complexity manageable. However, the adoption of process mining is associated with challenges. In GPN, different components are produced across various production stages, each with their own characteristics. In the course of the material flow, the components are then assembled into component groups, which in turn represent intermediate products or the finished end product. Consequently, converging material flows are the result. These circumstances make it difficult to build unique case identifiers and a comprehensive process data model. Furthermore, the identification of the right data sources is a challenge, since in GPN often different information systems are available in individual production lines or locations. We present an approach that supports overcoming these challenges and enables process mining in GPNs. For this purpose, the presented approach contains a process data model that takes into account all GPN specifics and requirements of process mining. This includes the handling of different component types and their properties as well as the merging of process instances in converging material flows. Through this, the individual sub-components of a finished product with their respective sub-processes are traceable. Further, we provide a procedure that supports the user in data identification and extraction by describing common data structures in information systems, which are usable for the generation of process mining event logs in GPN. Based on these data structures, we provide standardized input data tables into which the identified raw data can be extracted. Subsequently, the transfer into the presented process data model is automated by a data transformation algorithm, which takes into account the specifics of material flows in GPN. The approach was applied, implemented and validated in the GPN of an automotive manufacturer.

Overview of Partial Revision of Food Labeling Standards Following Revision of the Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan

令和2年12月に, 日本食品標準成分表が改訂された。このことを受け, 消費者庁は, 「食品表示基準」及び「食品表示基準について 別添 栄養成分等の分析方法等」 (以下「分析等通知」という。) における, 栄養成分等の分析方法の改正の要否を検討するために, 「令和2年度 食品表示基準における栄養成分等の分析方法等に係る調査検討事業」を実施した。この調査事業を踏まえ, 令和4年3月及び同年8月に食品表示基準や分析等通知の改正を行った。具体的な内容としては, 脂質, 食物繊維, クロム, セレン及びヨウ素において新たな分析方法を追加するとともに, 従来の分析方法における運用上の課題を解決するために分析等通知の通則を変更したものである。本稿では, 調査事業で整理された食品表示基準及び分析等通知に関する課題とその対応方策を報告するとともに, 今般, 改正した食品表示基準及び分析等通知について解説する。

Gibberellic Acid for Table Grape Inflorescence Elongation: Is It Worth It?

<h3>Background and goals</h3> Gibberellic acid (GA₃) is sometimes used at prebloom to help controlling cluster compactness, but controversy has been raised regarding its efficacy, particularly in table grape production. A trial was established to evaluate prebloom GA₃ on rachis length. <h3>Methods and key findings</h3> In GA₃ treated and untreated clusters rachises were divided in three arbitrary segments. The increase in length of each segment was evaluated from a month before bloom until the beginning of summer. Prebloom GA₃ rapidly triggered rachis growth in length, but only in the middle and distal portions of the inflorescence. The top area was not affected. The following standard table grape cluster tipping eliminated the cluster distal portion and all GA₃ related rachis growth. GA₃ treated clusters had longer segments removed compared to untreated ones. Shot berries and rachis thickness were also increased, but cluster and berry weight remained the same. <h3>Conclusions and significance</h3> The effects of GA₃ on rachis length at prebloom, can be discarded by other required standard table grapes practices. The negative and cumulative effects should be considered when analyzing its usefulness. Knowing the benefits and disadvantages of this practice will help table grape growers to optimize plant growth regulator programs.

Accounting for extra-binomial variability with differentially expressed genetic pathway data: a collaborative bioinformatic study.

We describe a collaborative project involving faculty and students in a university bioinformatics/biostatistics center. The project focuses on identification of differentially expressed gene sets ("pathways") in subjects expressing a disease state, medical intervention, or other distinguishable condition. The key feature of the endeavor is the data structure presented to the team: a single cohort of subjects with two samples taken from each subject - one for each of two differing conditions without replication. This particular structure leads to essentially a cohort of contingency tables, where each table compares the differential gene state with the pathway condition. Recognizing that correlations both within and between pathway responses can disrupt standard table analytics, we develop methods for analyzing this data structure in the presence of complicated intra-table correlations. These provide some convenient approaches for this problem, using design effect adjustments from sample survey theory and manipulations of the summary table counts. Monte Carlo simulations show that the methods operate extremely well, validating their use in practice. In the end, the collaborative connections among the team members led to solutions no one of us would have envisioned separately.

Energy Values in the Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan 2020 (8th Revised Edition)

Energy Values in the Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan 2020 (8th Revised Edition)

Consideration of Food Nutrition Labeling Based on the Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan―2020― (Eighth Revised Edition)

Consideration of Food Nutrition Labeling Based on the Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan―2020― (Eighth Revised Edition)

변화하는 일의 형태에 따른 공유오피스 공간 디자인 연구 ╶ 국내 공유오피스 사례지를 중심으로╶

The purpose of this study is to know about the space design’s limitations of the shared office and the direction of the shared office space design according to the changing types of work is examined. Despite the economic downturn caused by the corona virus, the use of shared offices in Korea is increasing. As companies choose to work from home, the proportion of freelancers, including digital nomads, is increasing. In addition, according to the concept of work shifting from the center of the metropolis to the center of the region, it seems that more research on spaces with various meanings is needed. For the study, the current status and cases of shared offices were explored, and the space design was examined using field visits. First, the change in the form of work that is the background of the study was investigated. The current status of shared office was investigated through previous researched cases. Based on this, we analyzed the space design by examining the actual use of personal work space rather than public work space. A standard table for spatial design classification was created as a standard for case site visits. A total of four domestic shared office tour sites were selected and visited and used for a total of 7 days.&#x0D; They visited the office, Fast Five, WeWork, and Musinsa studios located in Seoul to summarize each feature, space design, and service. In addition, based on this, a diagram was created based on the previously prepared reference table so that the difference could be clearly identified.&#x0D; Through a comprehensive analysis, the growth and limitations of the workspace were identified, and in order to explore the future development direction of the shared office, a conclusion was drawn by classifying space elements into variability, mobility, and versatility.

한류 문화콘텐츠로서 실용무용의 적합성 평가 루브릭 개발

This study intends to develop a rubric that evaluates the suitability of practical dance as Hallyu cultural content by applying the rubric development model of Steven and Levi (2013). First, the application contents of Steven and Levi (2013)’s 4-step rubric development model are as follows. In the first stage of ‘reflection’, K-pop and practical dance among Hallyu cultural contents were alleviated as negative and unfavorable factors, and new popularity was utilized by taking advantage of the popularity of killer contents. Diplomatic concept of Korean charm., is expected to serve as a medium to inform the delivery of correct knowledge information and diversification of content. In Step 2, ‘Creating a List’, we cataloged some of the final questions that consisted of a Delphi expert analysis of the previous study. The final question of step 3, ‘Classification and naming’, was classified as a new concept of public diplomacy (Korean attractiveness, correct knowledge information, diversification of content) and linked to the question. The last 4 step ‘apply’ was confirmed as the final developed rubric. Second, the evaluation level, evaluation dimension, and evaluation contents of the standard table to evaluate the suitability of practical dance as Hallyu cultural contents are as follows. and effort required). As for the evaluation dimension, the concept of public diplomacy suggested by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (2022) (attractiveness of Koreans, correct knowledge information, and content diversification) was applied. As for the evaluation results, 12 items, which were considered the most important for practical dance experts to evaluate the suitability of practical dance among the final questionnaires of previous studies, were composed of several checklists and applied according to the evaluation dimension.

Особливості формування адаптаційних реакцій при фізичних навантаженнях дівчат на окремих етапах онтогенезу

The purpose of the study was to analyze the adaptive response of girls’ organisms to sawtooth physical exercise at the specific ontogenesis stages according to the heart rate dynamics. Materials and methods. The girls of four age groups from 7 to 22 years old took part in the study under condition of the original model of dosed sawtooth physical exercise. The following methods were used: method of theoretical analysis and general conclusion of scientific and methodical literature, surveys, anthropo-physiometry, oral survey of overall health of the girls under research, cycle ergometry, arterial tonometry, electrocardiography, variation pulsometry, statistical methods of research results processing. Results and discussion. We have received new original results, since we used methods adapted exclusively by K. D. Ushynsky South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University (Odesa) which have no equals in the world science. According to the anthropo-physiometric indices the girls under research do not reliably differ from their peers according to the standards of the Odesa region. The peculiarities of heart rate dynamics to sawtooth physical exercises (closed cycle) is characterized by the increase in economization and improvement of circulatory system regulation and is expressed by the decrease of sphygmic reaction during different stages of work, relative stabilization of inertial system in response to changed exercise direction, strengthening of vagal and cholinergic influences in the regulation of noncardiac function with age which provides higher level of working capacity for older girls (p&lt;0.001). Under these conditions sphygmic cost of the work performed increased by 2.65 times (p&lt;0.001) from 476.36 ± 26.46 heart beats at the age of 7–8 to 1262.21 ± 50.79 heart beats at the age of 21–22 with the average heart rate consistently the same for all age groups (p&gt;0.05) for the entire testing period. To spread and implement the methodology we have come with estimated standardized tables on functioning capabilities of 14–15-year-old girls under research. Conclusion. We have found that with the completion of biological, namely pubertal development of girls, the reactions of the supporting and regulatory systems to sawtooth physical exercise become more adequate. With age, the dynamics of the heart rate of girls under research is characterized by a decrease in its initial values, reactivity, the degree of increase in response to an increase in physical exercises, the establishment of inertness range and better current recovery during testing. Received data on physical capability as an integral criterion of functioning capabilities shows its increase with age (p&lt;0.001) and improvement of mobilization mechanisms of adaptations reserves. The information value and compliance with the requirements of test standardization of the sawtooth change in physical exercises and heart rate indices during its performance under the conditions of their individual evaluation were confirmed

On p-standard table algebras of order p3, II

The classification is here completed for the p-standard table algebras of order p3 for any rational prime p. These include the adjacency algebras of p-schemes of order p3. The remaining case, where the thin radical of the distinguished basis of the table algebra has order p2, is resolved. The algebras in this case are explicitly determined up to isomorphism as wreath products, partial wreath products, or as members of a more complex family called hexagonal standard table algebras. These are parametrized by certain correspondences introduced in this article called hexagonal functions, that are defined in general from a subset of a group to an arbitrary set.

Inequalities in mortality associated with housing conditions in Belgium between 1991 and 2020

BackgroundPoor housing conditions have been associated with increased mortality. Our objective is to investigate the association between housing inequality and increased mortality in Belgium and to estimate the number of deaths that could be prevented if the population of the whole country faced the mortality rates experienced in areas that are least deprived in terms of housing.MethodsWe used individual-level mortality data extracted from the National Register in Belgium and relative to deaths that occurred between Jan. 1, 1991, and Dec. 31, 2020. Spatial and time-specific housing deprivation indices (1991, 2001, and 2011) were created at the level of the smallest geographical unit in Belgium, with these units assigned into deciles from the most to the least deprived. We calculated mortality associated with housing inequality as the difference between observed and expected deaths by applying mortality rates of the least deprived decile to other deciles. We also used standard life table calculations to estimate the potential years of life lost due housing inequality.ResultsUp to 18.5% (95% CI 17.7–19.3) of all deaths between 1991 and 2020 may be associated with housing inequality, corresponding to 584,875 deaths. Over time, life expectancy at birth increased for the most and least deprived deciles by about 3.5 years. The gap in life expectancy between the two deciles remained high, on average 4.6 years. Life expectancy in Belgium would increase by approximately 3 years if all deciles had the mortality rates of the least deprived decile.ConclusionsThousands of deaths in Belgium could be avoided if all Belgian neighborhoods had the mortality rates of the least deprived areas in terms of housing. Hotspots of housing inequalities need to be located and targeted with tailored public actions.

Antibiotic Sensitivity Against Klebsiella spp. in the Post Debridement Culture an Open Fracture in Emergency Department of dr. Soebandi Hospital Jember

Surgical site infection (SSI) in open fracture is often caused by bacterial contamination in the management of open fracture. Because of that, one of the most important thing in handling open fracture is debridement. Prophylactic antibiotics given are Cephalosporin and Aminoglycosides. Post-debridement culture is important in predicting the incidence of infection. One of the bacteria that is often found in post-debridement culture is Klebsiella spp. which can produce ESBL to fight β-lactam class of antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to determine antibiotic sensitivity against Klebsiella spp. in the post-debridement culture of cases of open fractures in the emergency department of dr. Soebandi hospital Jember. This study uses a laboratory exploratory research design. The sample of this study was the isolate of Klebsiella spp. which amounts to 5 from post debridement culture of open fracture patients in the emergency department of dr. Soebandi hospital Jember from March to May 2019.The method used is diffusion (Kirby Baurer) by matching using the CLSI standard table to determine sensitive, intermediate, or resistant. The results of this study showed that most antibiotics had resistance to Klebsiella spp., including β-lactam antibiotics, such as Amoxicillin, Ceftriaxone, Cefixime, Penicilin, Meropenem, and Cefadroxil. Vancomycin antibiotics are still sensitive to Klebsiella spp. in all patients. Gentamicin, Ciprofloxacin, Tetracycline, and Chloramphenicol antibiotics were sensitive in 1 patient. Erythromycin intermediates antibiotics against Klebsiella spp.. The conclusion of this study is that all β-lactam group antibiotics are resistant to Klebsiella spp while the most sensitive antibiotic is Vancomycin.

Behavioral Interventions to Improve Sleep Outcomes in People With Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review

<h3>Objective(s)</h3> Sleep disturbances are a common issue for individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). Evidence suggests behavioral interventions may be effective in improving sleep outcomes. The objective of this systematic review is to determine effective behavioral interventions to improve sleep in people with MS. <h3>Data Sources</h3> Literature searches were performed in October 2021 in Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Web of Science along with hand searching for grey literature and cited references. Out of the 837 search results, 830 unique references were reviewed after duplicates were removed. <h3>Study Selection</h3> Four reviewers independently screened titles/abstracts and full-texts (two reviewers screened each title/abstract and full-texts) to determine which meet eligibility criteria and a third reviewer resolved discrepancies. Eighty-one articles underwent full-text review, and 38 articles were determined eligible for inclusion in the systematic review. <h3>Data Extraction</h3> Reviewers are currently conducting data extraction and quality appraisals. Relevant data is being extracted from each study by four reviewers (two reviewers for each article) using a standardized data-extraction table and consensus will be achieved for completeness and accuracy. Four reviewers (two for each article) will also conduct a quality appraisal of each article to assess the risk for bias and quality of the articles and consensus will be achieved. <h3>Data Synthesis</h3> Descriptive and statistical measures will be used as appropriate to describe types of interventions studied, sleep outcome measures used and corresponding results, and summarize key components across interventions. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This systematic review will summarize the current state of the literature on behavioral interventions for sleep in individuals with MS. It is anticipated the conclusions will aid in guiding clinical practice and identify opportunities for future research. <h3>Author(s) Disclosures</h3> Catherine F. Siengsukon: Owner and CEO of Sleep Health Education, LLC <h3>David Turkowitch</h3> N/A <h3>Prasanna Vaduvathiriyan</h3> N/A <h3>Silvana Costa</h3> N/A <h3>Sarah Donkers</h3> N/A <h3>Joy Williams</h3> N/A

Investigating Probability Distribution Associated with the Sum of at least Two Independent Positive Integers

This work examined the probabilities associated with the sum of at least two positive integers. Let Y equals the sum of independent positive integers be a random variable. The histograms, probability density function (pdf) and the cumulative probabilities of Y were examined. Besides, the skewness and kurtosis were estimated to be zero (0) and approximately three (3) respectively. The distribution of Y showed clearly bell-shaped curves. Furthermore, the parameters of normal variable Y for at least two positive integers exhibited linear relationship. With these accomplishments it becomes feasible to simulate non-negative normal data sets within certain range of observations available for utilization in further Statistical research intending to mimic real life problems and phenomena. The calculated probabilities, P(Y=yi) and cumulative probabilities, P(Y≤yi) are valuables for inclusion in Standard Statistical Tables both for use by Students and Researchers.

The impact of recreational activities on species at risk in Canada

Recreational activities are among the most common threats to species at risk. The use of standardized threat assessment tables in assessment reports for 300 Canadian species at risk since 2012 enabled a systematic comparison of threat categories considering both frequency and intensity of threats. Our analysis of these reports reveals that recreational activities are the most common threat to species at risk in Canada, affecting more species than any other threat category. However, the intensity of a threat should be considered. When accounting for the intensity of threats, recreational activities are the third-greatest threat to species at risk in Canada following “Invasive Non-native/Alien Species” and “Roads and Railroads”. Recreational activities were among the top five threats to molluscs, vascular plants, mosses, arthropods, marine and terrestrial mammals, and reptiles considering both frequency and intensity of threat to the assessed species in each taxonomic group. Among species at risk for which recreational activities posed at least a low-level threat, off-road vehicle use was the most commonly mentioned recreational threat. The second-most common recreational threat was hiking. Boating, mountain biking, camping, beach use, horseback riding, off-leash pets, and rock climbing were considered at least a low-level threat to five or more species. Common mechanisms of threat arising from recreational activities include direct mortality and damage from trampling species and/or their habitat, siltation and changes to water chemistry, disruption due to human presence, and noise disturbance. Recreation activities affected more species at risk than any other category of threat. The intensity of threat from recreational activities was negligible or low for most at-risk species affected. However, increases in recreational use and cumulative effects could result in more severe threats in the future. Both mechanized and non-mechanized recreational activities cause direct mortality, disturbance, and/or degradation of habitat for species at risk in Canada including many under-studied taxa. Thus, recreational activities that are typically unauthorised and those that are commonly permitted in protected areas warrant management attention to avoid impacts on species at risk, especially less conspicuous taxa.