Standard Operating Procedures Research Articles

Pelindungan Hukum bagi Bidan Memberikan Pelayanan Obat kepada pasien dalam Praktik Kebidanan di Daerah Terpencil

Providing drug services to patients in midwifery practice in remote areas is regulated in Article 273 of the Health Law which states that: "personnel in carrying out practice have the right to obtain legal protection as long as they carry out their duties in accordance with professional standards, professional service standards, and standard operational procedures and professional ethics, as well as patient's health needs. Likewise, Article 19 of the Minister of Health's Permit and Practice of Midwives also states that "in carrying out practice/work, midwives have the right to obtain legal protection in carrying out practice/work as long as they comply with standards." The purpose of this paper is to analyze the authority of midwives to provide drug services to patients in midwifery practice and examine the form of legal protection for midwives in carrying out practice. The author uses a research method with a normative juridical type and approaches the problem using legislation, a conceptual approach and a comparative approach.
 
 Keywords: Medication Administration by Midwives, Legal Protection

Towards Starting a Hand Transplant Unit and Achieving Success in a Hand Transplant: The Standard Operating Procedure.

Vascularized Composite Tissue Allotransplantation (VCA) allows replacement of lost body parts from brain-dead donors. These surgeries are laborious, time-intensive, and require vast planning. With the advent of better immunosuppressants, VCA will increasingly play an important role in the reconstructive field. In this paper, the authors share their standard operating protocol created after much deliberation.

Experiences of nurses involved in air ambulance service: A qualitative study

Introduction: Nurses undertaking air ambulance service encounter environmental, equipment, and personnel limitations during their work. Moreover, they must cope with various types of injuries and illnesses, as well as changes in patient conditions. These factors pose a significant pressure on nurses. Currently, there is a lack of qualitative research on the experiences of nurses performing air ambulance tasks. The purpose of this study is to explore the experiences of nurses undertaking air ambulance service, with a focus on capturing their personal perceptions regarding this field of work. Methods: Twelve nurses were selected using purposive sampling, and semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data. Content analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: The analysis identified three major themes: "Ambiguous and risky emergency missions," "Challenges during air transfer," and "Nurses’ personal limitations.” Eight categories were formulated within these themes, including "Mission uncertainty," “Urgency of medical conditions," “Hazards at high altitude," "Cabin environment limitations," "Inadequate equipment," "Incomprehensive operating mechanisms," "Physical discomfort," and "Recognition of professional shortcomings." Conclusions: Improving the performance and well-being of nurses engaged in air ambulance services necessitates the implementation of a psychological adaptation program. This includes the utilization of psychological stress assessment tools or engaging in role-playing activities. Successful patient rescues demand the establishment of comprehensive standard operating procedures, involving an interprofessional team. Supporting nurses in adeptly managing challenges during air ambulance services requires an expanded scope of education and training, facilitated through initiatives like situational simulation and similar approaches.

Expert consensus on perioperative integrated skincare for noninvasive energy-based device aesthetic procedures in clinical practice in China.

Noninvasive energy-based device (NI-EBD) aesthetic procedures has recently gained widespread usage for treating various skin conditions, enhancing skin texture and performing rejuvenation-related procedures. However, practically all NI-EBD procedures result in variable degrees of damage to the skin barrier, inducing pathological and physiological processes such as oxidative stress and inflammation, and only a small percentage of individuals possess the innate ability to restore it. To introduce the concept of integrated skincare and establish standardized operational procedures for perioperative integrated skincare, and furnish a theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment performed by professional medical aestheticians. The author leveraged domestic and international guidelines, clinical practice expertise and evidence-based research, adapting them to suit the specific circumstances in China. The consensus were provided four parts, including concept and essence of integrated skincare, integrated skincare significance during the perioperative phase of NI-EBD procedures, active ingredients and functions of effective skincare products, standardized perioperative skincare procedure for NI-EBD procedures and precautions. For the standardized perioperative skincare procedure, four recommendations were listed according to different stages during NI-EBD procedures. These recommendations create the 'Expert Consensus on Perioperative Integrated Skincare for Noninvasive Energy-Based Device Aesthetic Procedures in Clinical Practice in China'.

Simulations to Predict Process Model Alignment with Standard Operating Procedure

Simulations to Predict Process Model Alignment with Standard Operating Procedure

The Role of the Coordinating Ministry of Economic Public Relations in Overcoming Hoaxes on Social Media

This research discusses the role of government public relations (PR) in combating the rampant spread of hoaxes in the digital era. The rapid dissemination of hoaxes on the internet and social media has prompted government PR professionals to take steps to address them, ranging from handling the issues to necessary follow-up actions. The aim of this study is to understand and analyze the role of the Public Relations Coordinator Ministry of Economic Affairs in combating hoaxes on social media. The research utilized a qualitative approach with a constructivist paradigm, employing a case study strategy for learning. Data collection techniques included interviews, observations, and documentation. The study examined how PR strategies were implemented in resolving the cases mentioned. The analysis found that the KLIP Bureau, responsible for public relations in the Ministry of Economic Affairs, plays a significant role in addressing hoaxes. Through stages of monitoring, issue identification, program planning, implementation, and evaluation, the KLIP Bureau successfully filters and clarifies hoax news. Media monitoring, especially through social media, serves as a crucial initial gateway to detect hoaxes before they are identified. Recommendations include the use of search engines and social media, the creation of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), training for PR staff, and collaboration with organizations and communities to combat hoaxes. The use of social media for clarification has proven effective in suppressing and halting the spread of hoaxes.

Ultrasound-based measurement of central adiposity: Key considerations and guidelines.

Central adiposity, which is visceral and subcutaneous adiposity in the abdominal region, is a known risk factor for developing chronic cardiometabolic diseases. Central adiposity can be measured relatively inexpensively using ultrasound. Ultrasound has been shown to be precise and reliable, with measurement accuracy comparable to computed tomography and magnetic resonance. Despite the advantages conferred by ultrasound, widespread adoption has been hindered by lack of reliable standard operating procedures. To consolidate the literature and bring clarity to the use of ultrasound-derived measures of central adiposity, this review outlines (i) the [patho]physiological importance of central adiposity to cardiometabolic disease risk; (ii) an overview of the history and main technical aspects of ultrasound methodology; (iii) key measurement considerations, including transducer selection, subject preparation, image acquisition, image analysis, and operator training; and (iv) guidelines for standardized ultrasound protocols for measuring central adiposity.

Pengaruh SOP Dan K3 Terhadap Produktivitas Kerja Di PT. Prabu Kencana Surya Pratama Probolinggo

Human resources are one of the determining factors for the success of the company and have an important role in every activity of the company. Work productivity is a major factor in the company's success, good work productivity will produce positive things. The type of research used is an associative quantitative approach. The sampling technique used is saturated sampling technique, so the number of samples used is all employees of PT. Prabu Kencana Surya Pratama Probolinggo has 40 employees. Source of data used comes from primary data and secondary data. Data was collected using a questionnaire and processed using data analysis methods in the form of validity test, reliability test, classic assumption test, multiple regression analysis, coefficient of determination (R Square) and hypothesis testing. The partial test shows that the Standard Operating Procedure variable (X1) has a significant effect on Work Productivity (Y) with a tcount = 3.397 and the Occupational Safety and Health Variable (X2) partially has a significant effect on Work Productivity (Y) with a tcount = 2.583 .

Guidelines for Improving Standard Operating Procedures for Command and Control of Urban Disaster Drones and Analysis of Application Methods

Guidelines for Improving Standard Operating Procedures for Command and Control of Urban Disaster Drones and Analysis of Application Methods

Clinical practice guideline for quality control of hemodiafiltration

This guideline was co-authored by a writing committee of experts in hemodiafiltration. Based on the current evidence-based resources, the guideline drew on and referred to the current relevant clinical practice guidelines and expert recommendations at home and abroad, as well as the Standard Operating Procedures for Blood Purification (2021 Edition), focusing on clinical and medical quality control issues such as the indications for hemodiafiltration, the selection of treatment modes, the selection of replacement fluid and the adjustment of components, vascular access, anticoagulation therapy, prescription setting, and prevention and treatment of related complications. The guideline aimed to guide the clinical practice and clinical research of hemodiafiltration in China, and improve the standardization, normalization and homogeneity of medical quality of hemodiafiltration.

The Impact of Implementing Value-Added Tax on the Islamic Banking Practices

The main aim of this research is to determine the impact of implementing VAT on Islamic banking practices. Prohibition of Riba (interest) and Gharar (uncertainty) are the fundamental principles of Islamic banking and key differentiators to differentiate it from conventional banking practices. It was found that Riba and Gharar are the two main hindrances for the Islamic banks operating in Saudi Arabia, as these two are not endorsed by existing Sharia principles. As a result, the Islamic banks in the country leveraged Mudarabah to invest in asset development, which is supported by Sharia principles. On the other hand, rising interest rates, influenced by VAT implementation that caused a rise in commodity prices as well, led to consumers seeking less loan support. In contrast, it increased the money deposit volume of consumers. With the development of a compliance team, the Islamic banks in the country are recommended not only to enforce the practice of Standard operation procedure (SOPs ) but also to start a fee-based structure that is endorsed by Sharia principles, and it would also help banks to accumulate VAT collections through fees from customers.

Evaluation of compliance of CONSORT-CHM formula 2017 in randomized controlled trials of Chinese herbal medicine formulas: protocol of a five-year review.

Background: The CONSORT Extension for Chinese Herbal Medicine Formula 2017 (CONSORT-CHM Formula 2017) has established a reporting standard for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of Chinese Herbal Medicine Formula (CHMF) interventions; however, its adherence and implications for the design and execution of study design remain ambiguous. It is necessary to evaluate the level of compliance with the CONSORT-CHM Formula 2017 in RCTs conducted over the past 5years, and to determine the reporting quality of clinical trials in this field. Methods: First, a systematic search is conducted for RCTs on CHMF in EBM Reviews, Allied and Complementary Medicine (AMED), Embase, Ovid-MEDLINE(R), Wanfang data, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP Chinese Medical Journal Database (VIP) and Chinese Biomedical Literature (CBM) database, that encompassed CHMF interventional RCTs published from 1 January 2018 to 8 June 2022, with language restriction to English or Chinese. Second, a descriptive analysis will be performed regarding the study design and general characteristics of the included trials. Third, for the quality assessment, we have subdivided the CONSORT-CHM Formula 2017 checklist (consisting of 22 extended items) into a total of 42 sub-questions to facilitate scoring, with a specific focus on the description, quality control, and safety assessment of CHMF interventions. Professional training and a pilot test on 100 randomly selected articles will be provided for all reviewers. Throughout this process, a standard operating procedure (SOP) for quality assessment will be developed to ensure consistency. Each item will be assessed by two reviewers in a paired back-to-back manner, and the compliance rate will be calculated to assess inter-rater agreement. Discussion: This review will identify the current reporting characteristics and quality of CHMF interventional studies and further evaluate the impact of CONSORT-CHM Formula 2017. The results may provide suggestions for future application or promotion of the guideline. Registration: The study has been registered on Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/xpn7f).

The Application Of Parachute Goods As An Alternative Logistics Distribution To Help Victims Of Natural Disasters In Isolated Areas

Facing the complexity of logistics distribution related to natural disasters in Indonesia, a geographically vulnerable country to various types of disasters, especially in isolated areas, requires an efficient and effective solution. One solution being explored is the implementation of cargo parachutes as an alternative logistics distribution to enhance the resilience of communities in those areas. This research aims to provide an in-depth understanding of the potential and challenges of using cargo parachutes in the context of logistics distribution in Indonesia. Through a literature review conducted using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method, this study explores information regarding the advantages, challenges, and practical implications of implementing cargo parachutes. It was found that the use of cargo parachutes offers a quick and responsive solution in distributing logistics aid in isolated areas, often difficult to reach by conventional land transportation. The main advantage of implementing cargo parachutes is their ability to provide faster response times in logistics distribution. In the context of natural disasters, speed is crucial to ensure that aid arrives promptly where it is needed. Cargo parachutes can also improve the accessibility of aid, especially in isolated areas that may be challenging to reach conventionally. However, this study also identifies several challenges that need to be addressed. Landing accuracy is a critical issue, especially with weather variability, wind direction, and the topography of the area. Additionally, safety aspects, operational costs, and coordination among various stakeholders are challenges that must be overcome to ensure the success of cargo parachute implementation. Practical recommendations emerging from this research involve the use of monitoring technology, training for personnel involved in logistics distribution using cargo parachutes, and the development of clear Emergency Standard Operating Procedures (SOP). Monitoring technology, such as GPS, can help improve landing accuracy, while personnel training and emergency SOPs can enhance operational effectiveness and safety.

Application of Multi-Criteria Decision-Making in Leaf Spring Manufacturing’s Performance

Lean manufacturing is the optimal way of producing goods through the removal of waste and implementing flow, as opposed to batch processing. Many factories have transformed to align with the goal of lean manufacturing by minimising the resources of factories, such as less worker effort, less time and many more to lead to high efficiency towards good product quality and become highly responsive to customer demand. The condition of product and machinery, arrangement of inventory and equipment, the standard operation procedure of work and workers' safety awareness are the dominant elements in the leaf spring manufacturing process. Due to the crucial role that leaf springs play in the performance and safety of vehicles, it is crucial to eradicate any flaws in the designing and manufacturing processes. This study focuses on 5 core criteria, which are workers, time, safety, machines, and products that need to be enhanced. In the subgroup, each pair of sub-criteria will be compared regarding their importance with respect to each criterion. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is proposed to rank and aggregate the criteria based on their level of importance. The outcome of AHP showed that Safety (0.233) and Time (0.281) were the prominent criteria that need to be prioritised. Wear Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (0.394), First Aid (0.324), Die and Pin (0.347), and Forklift Deliver (0.368) are the sub-criteria for safety and time. As a result, prompt and precise actions are needed to increase the quality and reliability of the product.

Evaluasi Layanan Jasa di Pusat Pemotongan Hewan di Banyumelek, Kabupaten Lombok Barat

This study aims to analyze the suitability of service activity activities with the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) to analyze the influence of infrastructure, professionalism of workers, and speed of service on service quality according to service users, as well as formulate efforts to improve service quality at RPH Banyumulek, West Lombok Regency. The data used in this study are primary data from field observations and interviews with the help of questionnaires and secondary data from Banyumulek RPH and other studies. The samples used were 30 service users. Methods of analysis using descriptive qualitative and SEM-PLS. The results showed that 88.9% of service activities were by the SOP, so they were at a high level of compliance. Of the three variables analyzed, infrastructure and service speed positively and significantly affect the service quality of Banyumulek RPH services. Meanwhile, the variable of worker professionalism has no significant impact on service quality according to service users.

Analysis of Employee Work Quality Using Statistical Process Control and Compliance with Standard Operating Procedures (Study in the Merchandise Inspection Department of the Foodhall Senayan City)

The objective of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of employee performance in implementing Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) within the Merchandise Inspection/Receiving Department at The Foodhall Senayan City. This research is of a qualitative descriptive nature, with a focus on Statistical Process Control (SPC) as a measurement instrument. It employs the Implementation of Seven Key Elements in SOP, covering efficiency, consistency, error minimization, problem-solving, and defensive limitations. Five individuals participated in this research: Branch Manager, Receiving Supervisor, and three Receiving Staff members. Data collection techniques were based on direct observation, interviews, and documents used as references for the receiving staff's work procedures. In this study, the author used Statistical Process Control (SPC) on Attribute Control Charts, specifically using P-charts as a measurement tool for Quality Control checks on goods. The Implementation of Seven Key Elements in SOP was used to deepen the investigation into problem-solving that could not be explained using numerical data. Based on the analysis results using Statistical Process Control (SPC) for the current period, the average reversal rate is 0.02, indicating proximity to the Lower Control Limit (LCL) of 0 or zero defects. Meanwhile, regarding the usage of the Implementation of Seven Key Elements in SOP in the Merchandise Inspection/Receiving Department at The Foodhall Senayan City, it is evident that in the implementation of these seven key elements, there are still some shortcomings. These deficiencies include error minimization, process mapping, employee protection, and defensive limitations.

Return to school practices after hematopoietic cell transplantation: a survey of transplant centers in the United States.

To understand transplant center recommendations on return-to-school timing and related support for hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) survivors, we conducted a two-phase, cross-sectional, web-based survey: In Phase I, medical directors of pediatric HCT centers from the National Marrow Donor Program/ Be The Match Registry were asked regarding the availability of a return to school standardized operating procedure (SOP). In Phase II, HCT physician members of the Pediatric Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Consortium were approached to study inter-physician practice variability regarding return to school post-HCT, factors affecting their decision-making, and support provided by HCT centers for return to school. Out of 46 respondents in Phase I (55% response rate), 28 (61%) reported having a SOP. Wide variations in recommendations were noted in 12 received SOPs. In Phase II, 122 physicians (60 centers) responded (30.6% response rate). The majority (60%) recommended autologous HCT recipients return to school within 6 months post-HCT but 65% recommended allogeneic HCT recipients return to school after 6 months or once off immunosuppression. Our findings indicate a lack of consensus within and across HCT centers regarding recommended return to school timing and underscore need for a guideline to standardize this process to ensure patient safety and re-integration into school.

Enhancing Hospital-Acquired Infection Prevention Practices: Strategies for Healthcare Workers in Low- and Middle-Income Settings: Insights from a Study on Healthcare Workers in Western Uganda

In low- and middle-income hospital settings, hospital-acquired infections can occur among patients or arise among hospital staff, posing a significant challenge. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to preventing hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) and the associated factors among healthcare workers at Fort Portal Regional Referral Hospital in Kabarole district, western Uganda. Conducted between January and March 2011, this hospital-based cross-sectional study employed simple random sampling to select 236 participants, achieving a 100% response rate. Structured self-administered questionnaires were utilized for data collection. Descriptive analysis was employed to present the main findings, revealing that 90% of participants had good knowledge and 57.2% held positive attitudes towards HAI prevention. However, only 36% demonstrated good practices in this regard, indicating suboptimal scores. Significant associations were found between levels of education and work experience and attitudes and practices related to HAI prevention (P value <0.005). Despite respondents exhibiting good knowledge and positive attitudes towards HAI prevention, this did not consistently translate into appropriate practices. Further, education level and work experience emerged as independent risk factors influencing attitudes and practices concerning HAI prevention. To bridge this gap, continuous on-the-job and off-the-job training, coupled with stringent adherence to updated standard operating procedures, are recommended. Keywords: Healthcare workers, HAI prevention, Hospital staff, Hospital settings, Work experience.

CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR IMPROVING MANAGEMENT AND REGULATION OF THE RAIL TRANSPORT SECTOR IN INDONESIA: PERSPECTIVE FROM THE INDUSTRY 4.0 CONCEPT

Objective: The research aims to uncover the causes of train accidents in Indonesia beyond those identified by experts and proposes solutions for inclusion in the regulations and standard operating procedures of the Indonesian Railways Company. Theoretical Framework: The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), operating under the UN Economic and Social Council since its establishment in 1947, has introduced the Industry 4.0 concept, titled 'Increasing the Competitiveness of Transportation between Europe and Asia: European Union Rail R&I. This concept incorporates three crucial indicators known as ACT (Aging, Climate Change, and Technology), aligned with the Railway Sustainable Development Goals. Method: This research employs a qualitative approach, gathering data through in-depth interviews using purposive sampling. Interview reviews are presented in the results section. The study involved 28 participants, focusing on the cities of Palembang and Lampung, situated on the tip of the island of Sumatra, bordering the island of Java. Results and Conclusions: The study identified seven themes for inclusion: The development of Railways in Indonesia; Organizational strengths and weaknesses; Human resources; Infrastructure; Operational aspects; Causal factors in train accidents, and Future solutions and contributions to regulation. These were then simplified into three themes following UNECE guidelines. Notably, the main issues with freight trains, primarily used for coal transportation, include an inadequate number of carriages, damage to rails and train sleepers, and excessive cargo loads, leading to frequent train derailments and accidents. The law regulates general provisions for rail freight transportation, but violations are common, and sanctions are minimal due to the state-owned nature of the managing company. Research Implications: This study suggests measures to enhance regulations and Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for the Indonesian Railways Company, including adapting regulations and SOPs to improve the operational safety of goods trains. This involves modernizing signaling systems and addressing human errors, particularly during night shifts. Recommendations also cover optimizing single-path and double-path routes, proposing regulations for the adaptation of automatic control systems, and improving the Grade of Automation (GOA). Ensuring the safety of personnel, especially operators and machinists, is emphasized. Originality/Value: This research explores the paradigm shift within Indonesia Railways, transitioning from GOA 0 to GOA 1. Anticipated to significantly impact the safety of goods (coal) trains, this study offers profound insight into the evolution of transportation governance for freight transport by rail. Both the government and Indonesia Railways can consider integrating these findings into regulations or SOPs, despite facing challenges such as funding constraints and the high cost associated with upgrading to GOA 2 infrastructure.

Analisis Kinerja Petugas Terminal Service Office Dalam Menjamin Kenyamanan Fasilitas Pelayanan Ruang Tunggu Penumpang Di Bandara Adi Soemarmo Surakarta

This research aims to find out: how regular monitoring of waiting room facilities by the terminal service officer unit is important to ensure that waiting room facilities are comfortable for passengers to use. If the terminal service office officers are negligent or do not adhere to the SOP guidelines in carrying out supervision, it can result in the functions of the waiting room facilities not being properly monitored so that when there are damaged facilities and so on they cannot be handled quickly which results in passengers experiencing problems. Disappointment This study used qualitative research methods. The data collection techniques used were observation, interviews, documents, and documentation along with observations. The researcher directly carried out observations, the researcher also explained the results of the data taken during the interviews and observations. For the interview, the researcher interviewed the terminal service office officers 3 sources with the document data obtained researcher from documentation of the activities of terminal service office officers when carrying out duties and responsibilities in the field and also in the form of implementation documents for the data analysis techniques used, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation, discussion, and conclusions. The role of the performance of Terminal Service office officers in carrying out their duties and responsibilities to carry out operational activities for all facilities by the Standard Operational Procedures in the terminal service office By providing all facilities, especially in the departure and arrival areas, which makes service users feel satisfied. Obstacles faced by Terminal service office Based on the results of observations or field observations, it is the lack of personnel and lack of coordination with related units in carrying out operational activities which is the cause of the failure to fulfill the maximum performance of Terminal Service office officers to support security, comfort, smoothness, and safety of anyone at the airport.