Standard Translation Research Articles

PDE-Based Group Equivariant Convolutional Neural Networks

We present a PDE-based framework that generalizes Group equivariant Convolutional Neural Networks (G-CNNs). In this framework, a network layer is seen as a set of PDE-solvers where geometrically meaningful PDE-coefficients become the layer’s trainable weights. Formulating our PDEs on homogeneous spaces allows these networks to be designed with built-in symmetries such as rotation in addition to the standard translation equivariance of CNNs. Having all the desired symmetries included in the design obviates the need to include them by means of costly techniques such as data augmentation. We will discuss our PDE-based G-CNNs (PDE-G-CNNs) in a general homogeneous space setting while also going into the specifics of our primary case of interest: roto-translation equivariance. We solve the PDE of interest by a combination of linear group convolutions and nonlinear morphological group convolutions with analytic kernel approximations that we underpin with formal theorems. Our kernel approximations allow for fast GPU-implementation of the PDE-solvers; we release our implementation with this article in the form of the LieTorch extension to PyTorch, available at https://gitlab.com/bsmetsjr/lietorch. Just like for linear convolution, a morphological convolution is specified by a kernel that we train in our PDE-G-CNNs. In PDE-G-CNNs, we do not use non-linearities such as max/min-pooling and ReLUs as they are already subsumed by morphological convolutions. We present a set of experiments to demonstrate the strength of the proposed PDE-G-CNNs in increasing the performance of deep learning-based imaging applications with far fewer parameters than traditional CNNs.

The Chinese Translation Study of the Cognitive Reserve Index Questionnaire.

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to perform the translation and adaption of the Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire into Chinese and assess the reliability of the Chinese version.Materials and MethodsThe Chinese version of the Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire was created from a standard forward-backward translation. A total of 371 volunteers, aged between 20 and 89 years, participated in this survey. Participants were divided into three age-groups (Young, Middle-aged, and Elderly), and subgroup differences were examined by independent samples t-tests, ANOVA analysis as well as post-hoc analysis. Pearson correlation analysis was applied to test the association between the total scores and each subscore (CRI-Education, CRI-WorkingActivity, and CRI-LeisureTime). The internal consistency and test-retest reliability of the Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire were assessed. The test-retest reliability was measured among 40 participants with a 2-week interval using intraclass correlation coefficient.ResultsStrong correlations were observed between the total scores and each subscore (CRI-Education, CRI-WorkingActivity, and CRI-LeisureTime: r = 0.65, 0.79, and 0.70, respectively). In contrast, it was found low to moderate correlations among three subscores. The internal consistency was acceptable (Cronbach's alpha coefficient = 0.68). The intraclass correlation coefficient for total scores of the Chinese version of the Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire was 0.87 (95% CI 0.74–0.93).ConclusionThe Chinese version of the Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire was a potentially reliable and practical tool for evaluating cognitive reserve accumulated through a person's life span.

Standardization of the strategy translation process, procedural fairness in budgeting and firm performance

This paper studies the effect of the standardization of the strategy translation process on procedural fairness in budgeting and firm performance. Analysis of 250 valid questionnaires using a structural equation model shows that the strategy translation process (STP) affects firm performance not only directly but also indirectly, through budget participation and procedural fairness in budgeting. This study enriches the literature on the economic consequences of strategic performance measurement systems and expands research on procedural fairness in budgeting and the factors influencing firm performance. This study shows that the standard translation and implementation of strategy will decrease managers’ bias in the target-setting process, thus increasing manager’s sense of fairness in the budget process and ultimately improving firm performance.

A Malay Version of the Attitude to Ageing Questionnaire: Its Adaptation, Validation, and Reliability in the Malaysian Older Adult Population.

Background The Attitude to Ageing Questionnaire (AAQ) was developed to assess perceptions of the aging process among older adults. The 24 items were framed into three factors. This study aimed to translate the AAQ from English to the Malay language (AAQ-M) and determine its factorial structure and validity in a Malaysian population. Methods The original AAQ underwent a standard translation process, as well as content and face validation, to produce the AAQ-M. The construct validity of the AAQ-M was then assessed in 254 older adults aged 60 years and above attending a public primary care clinic in Seremban, Malaysia. Results Exploratory factor analysis showed a three-factor model for the AAQ-M with acceptable reliability and Cronbach α values ranging from 0.71 to 0.82 for each factor. A total of five items were omitted for poor factor loadings (<0.32) or because they did not conceptually fit into the factor they were loaded onto. Of the final 19 AAQ-M items, seven were physical change factors, eight were psychosocial loss factors, and four were psychological growth factors. This three-factor model explained 37.9% of the total variance. Conclusion The AAQ-M version confirmed that the three-factor model, namely physical change, psychosocial loss, and psychological growth, was similar to that of the original AAQ. The AAQ-M is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing the three aspects of attitudes toward aging in the Malaysian older adult population.

Signal amplification of araC pBAD using a standardized translation initiation region.

araC pBAD is a genetic fragment that regulates the expression of the araBAD operon in bacteria, which is required for the metabolism of L-arabinose. It is widely used in bioengineering applications because it can drive regulatable and titratable expression of genes and genetic pathways in microbial cell factories. A notable limitation of araC pBAD is that it generates a low signal when induced with high concentrations of L-arabinose (the maximum ON state). Herein we have amplified the maximum ON state of araC pBAD by coupling it to a synthetically evolved translation initiation region (TIREVOL). The coupling maintains regulatable and titratable expression from araC pBAD and yet increases the maximal ON state by >5-fold. The general principle demonstrated in the study can be applied to amplify the signal from similar genetic modules. Graphical

Which Fidelity, Whose Adultery? Minding Manu's Verse

S. N. Balagangadhara, Sarika Rao, Jakob De Roover, and Marianne Keppens One of the best-known aspects of Indian society is its "rigid caste system" and the "evil practices of untouchability." It is a truism today to say that Indian society is divided into four castes, which are not allowed to mix. Many Indian texts are brought forward as evidence of this understanding of Indian society. The ancient Indian text Mānavadharmaśāstra or "Laws of Manu" takes a central place in such accounts. This is especially the case for its verses on varṇasankara, translated as "mixing of social classes" or "intermixture of castes." Given the important role these verses play in the understanding of Indian culture, society, and policymaking, it is crucial to translate them accurately. Using one verse in one text, this article focuses on the standard translation and deals both critically and constructively with the received view.

Translation and Initial Validation of the Chinese (Cantonese) Brief 2-Way Social Support Scale for Use in People with Chronic Stroke.

Background Social support is important for stroke rehabilitation. Conventionally, social support is evaluated from the level of support received. However, the bidirectional support hypothesis postulated that self-perceived social support is optimized if individuals provide and receive social support in a balanced manner. The Brief 2-Way Social Support Scale (Brief 2-Way SSS) is a social support instrument measuring the reciprocity of receiving and giving emotional and instrumental social support. Objective (1) To translate and culturally adapt the English version of the Brief 2-Way SSS into Chinese (Cantonese) (Brief 2-Way SSS-C), (2) to report the results of validation of the Brief 2-Way SSS-C, and (3) to investigate the level of social support in people with stroke in Hong Kong. Methods The Brief 2-Way SSS-C was produced following the standard forward-backward translation model. People with stroke (n = 109) and age-matched controls (n = 53) were recruited through a university-affiliated neurorehabilitation laboratory. Results The Brief 2-Way SSS-C demonstrated excellent content validity, acceptable to good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha of 0.74–0.88), and good test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.76–0.81). There were no ceiling or floor effects, and the MDC95 across all subscales was 4. The Brief 2-Way SSS-C subscales had significant correlations with various health-related outcome measures. People with stroke had a lower level of social support than the age-matched healthy controls. Conclusions The Brief 2-Way SSS-C is a culturally relevant, reliable, and valid outcome measure for the level of social support in community-dwelling people with stroke.

Psychometric properties of the Malay version of the Behavioural Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire (BREQ-3).

The present study aimed at validating the Malay-language version of the Behavioural Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire (BREQ-3M) using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Data were collected from undergraduate students in the Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia. A total of 674 students completed the BREQ-3M (male: 19.4%, female: 80.6%), with a mean age of 20.27 years (SD = 1.35). Behavioural regulation was assessed with the 24-item BREQ-3M. Standard forward-backward translation was performed to translate the English version of BREQ-3 into the Malay version. The initial measurement models tested did not result in a good fit for the data. Subsequent examination of the CFA results suggested some modifications, including adding correlations between the item residuals within the same subscale and deletion of identified regulation. These modifications resulted in good fit indices (Root Mean Square Error of Approximation, RMSEA = 0.049; Comparative Fit Index, CFI = 0.949; Tucker-Lewis Index, TLI = 0.938; Standardised Root Mean Square Residual, SRMR = 0.049). The final measurement model comprised 20 items and had significant factor loadings of more than 0.50, ranging from 0.580 to 0.868. The composite reliability ranged between 0.746-0.841 for the five-factor model. The 20-item translated version of BREQ-3M is valid and reliable for assessing the behavioural regulation for exercise among university students in Malaysia. This study examined the psychometric properties of the Malay-language BREQ-3. It was the first to assess the measurement model in Malaysia using CFA.

Validity and reliability of Persian version of the workplace cognitive failures scale and its relationship with personality traits.

In nursing practice, cognitive failures can be evaluated as an essential indicator of the cognitive capacity of individuals. This study aimed to determine the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the Workplace Cognitive Failures Scale (P-WCFS) among Iranian nurses and its relationship with personality traits. Data collection had two phases: 1) The P-WCFS prepared through a standard translation process. Then the content validity was evaluated by a panel of specialists. Reliability Cronbach's coefficient alpha obtained 0.91 from a pilot study. 2) For measuring neuroticism and conscientiousness used the Goldberg Personality Questionnaire. Exploratory and confirmatory factors analyzed in two separate parts of the sample (n = 351). SPSS (v 18) and STATA 14 performed for Statistical analysis. Spearman correlation and Pearson correlation coefficient used to measuring the convergence and examine the relationship between the subscales of the questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha was 0.92, which showed a high level of reliability for this questionnaire. The three-factor model of WCFS was well-fitted. The reliability of all three sub-scales was a reasonable level. Cognitive failures and its subscales had negative and strong relationships with conscientiousness and neuroticism. The highest internal consistency was related to memory subscale, and all scales had a success rate of 100%. This study showed the P-WCFS has high reliability and validity and can be used in nursing society.

Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Air Medical Prehospital Triage (AMPT) Score for Helicopter Transport of Trauma Patients to Brazilian Portuguese

Introduction: The transport of patients by airplanes or helicopters reduces treatment time, while improving the chances of survival and the quality of life. Due to its costly maintenance and operation service, the air transport of victims depends on appropriate triage criteria for patients eligible for this type of transport. The Air Medical Prehospital Triage (AMPT) Score for Helicopter Transport of Trauma Patients quickly classifies the likelihood of trauma victims benefiting or not from helicopter transport. Objectives: The aim of this study was to translate the AMPT Score and cross-culturally adapt it to Brazilian Portuguese. Methods: This study followed international guidelines for standardized translation processes and was developed from: translation, synthesis, back translation, assessment of equivalences by the expert committee, proposal of the previous version of AMPT Score, application of pre-test/post-test and proposition of the final version of the translated scale. Results: The Wilcoxon Test comparing the experts’ assessment with the positive expected resulted in a p-value = 0.0625 (General) CI 95%. The Content Validity Index (CVI) of the experts committee was calculated as 0.9479. The pre-test data resulted in a Cronbach’s Alpha of 0.920 ± 7.26. The free-marginal Kappa coefficient of pre-test data was 0.89 (95% CI for 0.86, 0.93).The post-test data resulted in a Cronbach’s Alpha of 0.925 ± 5.36. The Wilcoxon Test comparing pre-test with post-test resulted in a p-value of 0.0942. Conclusions: The process resulted in a translation of the AMPT Score with the appropriate equivalences proposed by the literature that is statistically reliable and will be of great value to professionals who work with transporting trauma victims in helicopters. Keywords: Prehospital care; Air ambulances; Helicopter; Triage; Translation.

Cross cultural adaptation and validation of Nepali Version of Activity Scale for Kids (ASK)

BackgroundActivity Scale for Kids (ASK) is self reported, widely used tool to measure the physical disability in children aged 5–15 years. It has two versions; ASK-performance version and ASK-capability version, both with excellent psychometric properties in English and other translated languages. However, the tool is not available in Nepali. The aim of our study is to translate, culturally adapt and validate the tool in the context of the Nepali population.MethodsA standard translation guideline was used to translate both the versions of ASK tool into the Nepali language. One hundred and two participants were assessed to establish the reliability and validity of the tool. Internal consistency and test retest reliability was established using cronbach’s alpha and intra class correlation coefficient. Validity was established by three methods; ceiling and floor effects, group discriminations, and comparing the results of ASK with the Nepali version of KINDL.ResultsThe mean age of the sample participants were 12.74 years (SD 2.2). The internal consistency and test retest reliability for both the Nepali versions of ASK was significant at 0.98 and 0.94 respectively. The tool had a negligible ceiling effect (< 5%) but a moderate floor effect (ASKp-Np 7.8% and ASKc-Np 8.8%). It was able to discriminate between the mobility aid required for moving inside and outside the home environment. Moderate correlation was observed between the both the Nepali versions of ASK and the total score of KINDL (r = 0.5).ConclusionsNepali version of ASK is reliable and valid tool to measure physical disability in the Nepali pediatric population.

1040 VALIDATION OF THE CHINESE VERSION OF THE ASSISTANCE PREFERENCE CHECKLIST

Abstract Introduction Domestic robots have great potential to be developed as a useful and supportive device for elders in domestic setting. To achieve the intended purpose, the designs of domestic robots should make reference to elders’ preferences. The Assistance Preference Checklist is developed to assess elders’ preferences on receiving assistance from domestic robots. It comprises of 48 home-based task under six categories including personal care, leisure activities, health assistance, chores, information management, and manipulating objects. Altogether, these tasks are considered important for the elders to fulfil their general health needs and maintain their homes. The Assistance Preference Checklist is valid and reliable. To adapt it in the Chinese population, the Assistance Preference Checklist has been translated from English to Chinese according to the standard translation model. This study aims to validate the Chinese version of the Assistance Preference Checklist (the checklist). Method This was a validation study. Semantic and content equivalence of the checklist was evaluated by an expert panel (five academic specialized on instrument validation or translation and 15 nurses specialized on geriatrics). Content validity of the checklist was assessed by another expert panel (one academic specialized on instrument validation and two nurses specialized on geriatrics). Internal consistency of the checklist was determined by Cronbach's method on a convenience sample of 50 Chinese-speaking elders in Hong Kong. Results The checklist demonstrated good semantic and content equivalence with the original English version. The experts agreed that it was appropriately translated. The checklist demonstrated good content validity by having a content validity index of 1.00. Additionally, the checklist reported satisfactory internal consistency by having a Cronbach's alpha of 0.95. Conclusion The Chinese version of the Assistance Preference Checklist is a useful instrument for assessing elders’ preferences on receiving assistance from domestic robots. Findings provide evidence on its validity and reliability.

Factorial validity and measurement invariance of the psychological need satisfaction in exercise scale across gender.

BackgroundBased on the self-determination theory, the psychological requirements for competence, autonomy, and relatedness boost beneficial exercise behaviour for healthy living. However, there is no valid, reliable Malay version scale to investigate the extent to which these psychological needs are met. The main purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of a Malay version of the Psychological Need Satisfaction in Exercise (PNSE-M) scale. In addition, the purpose of this study was to confirm the measurement and structural invariance of the PNSE-M across gender.MethodsThe study participants included 919 students (male: 49.6%, female: 50.4%), with a mean age of 20.4 years (standard deviation = 1.5). The participants were selected through convenience sampling. The 18-item PNSE-M was used to measure psychological need satisfaction in exercise. The English version of the PNSE was translated into Malay using standard forward-backward translation. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and invariance tests were performed on the three domains of the PNSE-M model. Composite reliability (CR), average variance extracted (AVE), internal consistency based on Cronbach’s alpha, and test-retest reliabilities using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were also computed.ResultsAfter some model re-specification, the CFA findings based on the hypothesised measurement model of three factors and 18 items indicated acceptable factor structure (CFI = .936, TLI = .923, SRMR = .054, RMSEA = .059). The CR and AVE values were .864–.902 and .573–.617, respectively. Cronbach’s alpha was .891–.908, and the ICC was .980–.985. The findings supported the full measurement and structural invariance of the PNSE-M for both male and female participants. The CFA model matched the data well for both male (CFI = .926, SRMR = .057, RMSEA = .066) and female (CFI = .926, SRMR = .060, RMSEA = .065) participants.ConclusionThe PNSE-M with three factors and 18 items is considered to be a valid, reliable instrument for university students in Malaysia. It is valid for use to make meaningful comparisons across gender.

The Origin of Akṣayanīvī and the Historical Context of the Arthaśāstra

Abstract This paper has two purposes. The first is to provide an accurate definition and history of the origin of the Sanskrit term akṣayanīvī. The standard scholarly translation of this term, which is encountered almost exclusively in inscriptions, is “permanent endowment” and has been established since the mid-19th century. It will be shown that the usual translations of both members of the compound—akṣaya as “permanent” and nīvī as “endowment”—are at the least misleading. This will be accomplished through a discussion of the occurrences of the terms in the Adhyakṣapracāra “Activities of Superintendents” (Book II of the Kauṭilya Arthaśāstra), with a particular focus on KA 2.6.27 which contains an explicit definition of nīvī. The second purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that the Adhyakṣapracāra, the largest and most perplexing chapter of the KA, utilizes a technical vocabulary which points to a specific context of production. This will be done through an examination of a series of fiscal and administrative technical terms which occur in the Adhyakṣapracāra and which emerge in the Indian epigraphic record at around the time period and geographic region commonly given for the composition of the text (ca. 1st c. BCE—1st c. CE Western Maharashtra/Southern Gujarat).

RNN Neural Network Model for Chinese-Korean Translation Learning

Translation is the expression of words into other forms so that they are mutually understandable. However, the current Chinese-Korean translation information conversion model is not mature enough, and there are many defects and errors. This paper proposes an improved RNN neural network translation model. The translation model proposed in this study is an upgraded RNN neural network (a form of recurrent neural network). A decoder matching mode is included in the model, allowing it to learn both alignment and transformation at the same time. This allows for quicker neural network training, resulting in increased translation speed and efficiency. In addition, this article compares the BLEU scores of the BilingualCorpus Chinese-Korean corpus I, II, and III with those of the standard translation model. The test results suggest that the enhanced RNN model described in this research has an average BLEU score of roughly 45 points. The conventional model’s average BLEU score is just approximately 30 points. The BLEU score of the model in this paper has increased by about 15 points, indicating that the translation quality of the translation model in this paper has been significantly improved.

Type 2 Diabetes Health Literacy Assessment Tool: Translation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Iranian Version

BackgroundAdequate health literacy can lead to self-care behaviors among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Although there is an instrument for measuring the health literacy of patients with diabetes, there is no Persian version of the instrument in Iran.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to translate the Chinese Health Literacy Scale for Diabetes (CHLSD) and evaluate the psychometric parameters of the Iranian version.MethodsIn this methodological study, using a standard forward-backward translation procedure, the original English language version of the questionnaire was translated into Persian. Face and content validity steps were performed for psychometric measurements. To perform construct (convergent) validity, a cross-sectional study was carried out with the participation of T2D patients admitted to the diabetes clinic (aged over 25 years old). To test the reliability, internal consistency was assessed by Kuder-Richardson (K-R) coefficient, and a test-retest was performed by Spearman correlation coefficient.ResultsA total of 283 patients with T2D (mean age: 52.4 years and standard deviation: 11.5) were included in the study. The factor loadings of the variables were checked by calculating the correlation value of the characteristics of a construct with that construct, whose value was greater than 0.4. The K-R coefficients for the whole instrument and its four subscales (remembering, application, analysis, and comprehension) were 0.8, 0.71, 0.73, 0.87, and 0.89, respectively. Re-testing of the instrument with an interval of two weeks indicated the acceptable stability of the instrument (ICC ≥ 0.8).ConclusionsOur findings showed that the Iranian version of CHLSD is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring the health literacy in patients with diabetes.

The Internet of Things Term Feature Extraction Method and Its Application in English-Chinese Translation.

From the emergence of the concept of the Internet of Things to today, China has always been very concerned about the development of the Internet of Things technology. The research and application of Internet of Things technology has become an important measure for the country to promote supply-side reform. The Internet of Things technology is the core innovation content of the country and an important measure to realize the smart city. This paper analyzes the cutting-edge research results in the field of Internet of Things abroad. This paper focuses on the application of IoT technology in English terminology research. This paper specifically analyzes the feature extraction methods of Internet of Things terms and studies the application content of Internet of Things technology in English-Chinese translation. We specifically conduct translation research on the content in “The Internet of Things: Enabling Technologies, Platforms, and Use Cases,” focusing on the translation of scientific and technological terms. As a kind of technical English terminology, IoT English terminology has the characteristics of strong professionalism and rigorous semantics. This article specifically translates the original part of the practice report and classifies the terms that appear in it, including IoT English terms for which canonical translations have been made and IoT English terms that do not have standardized translations. The research will further carry out the investigation and analysis work. The research is to identify the terms that have standardized translation, especially the detailed research of the terms of the industry field. This paper selects standard translations and summarizes the translation methods of terms from three aspects: abbreviations, compound words, and semi-technical words. The research results provide guidance for terminology translation. This article translates terms that do not yet have a canonical translation. Based on terminology characteristics and existing terminology translation methods, this paper proposes a variety of translation methods such as literal translation, decomposing and combining, and non-translation. The study described in detail with examples. The research results of this paper are expected to provide some reference for translators engaged in the translation of scientific and technological documents.

Correlation between cultural distance and acceptance of transliteration : Comparison of Korean menu translation in English and Japanese

This study identified correlation between cultural distance and acceptance of transliteration by surveying reader response to Korean menu translation in English and Japanese. First, the study reviewed the standard translation guideline for translating the names of Korean foods to English and Japanese released by the National Institute of Korean Language (NIKL). The portion of transliteration strategy in English (1.7%) was much lower than that in Japanese (11.5%). Second, the study conducted a quantitative survey of 300 respondents to examine the understanding and acceptance levels of native speakers. Native English speakers displayed a very low acceptance for transliteration (meaning-19.0%, expression-21.6%) compared to Native Japanese speakers (meaning-39.3%, expression-38.6%), and respondents who were more familiar to Korean culture showed higher acceptance to transliteration, empirically proving that there is an inverse correlation between cultural distance and acceptance of transliteration. The study showed that reader response research to transliteration can be used as a tool for gauging the cultural distance between source culture and target culture.

Science and Really Existing Socialism in Maoist China

Science and Really Existing Socialism in Maoist China

Reliability and Validity of the Persian Version of the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) Activity Scale in Candidates for Knee Replacement Surgery

Objective: This study aims to translate and cross-culturally adapt the University of California at Los Angles Activity Scale (UCLA) to Iranian samples and evaluate the reliability and validity of the Persian UCLA in candidates for knee replacement surgery. Materials &amp; Methods: In this cross-sectional study, cross-cultural adaptation was performed according to the international quality of life assessment protocol in three stages: standard forward translation, translation synthesis, and backward translation. The Persian UCLA, tegner activity scale (TAS), short-form health survey (SF-36) and international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) were completed by 103 participants (candidates for knee replacement surgery). The Persian UCLA questionnaire was re-completed by 66 participants in the retest session with an interval of 3-7 days. An intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to evaluate test-retest reliability. The standard error of measurement (SEM) was used to determine smallest detectable change (SDC) in scores. To evaluate convergent validity of the Persian UCLA, its correlation with TAS, SF-36, and IPAQ was assessed using Spearman’s correlation test. The ceiling and floor effects were also calculated. Results: In the Persian version, no special changes were made and no problem or ambiguity was reported by the respondents based on a pilot study. The type of activities mentioned in the original version was not changed either and none of the participants had difficulty understanding the items. The Mean±SD of UCLA scores were 2.98±1.37 in the test phase and 2.89±1.32 in the retest phase. Psychometric tests results showed acceptable test-retest reliability of the Persian UCLA (ICC=0.96, 95% CI=0.93-0.97). Given an SDC score of 0.50 at 95% confidence interval, it can be said that if the UCLA score be above or less than 0.50, there is an improvement or decline in the activity level of patients. Based on the results of Spearman correlation test, the Persian UCLA showed a strong correlation with TAS (rs=0.71, P&lt;0.001), a moderate correlation with IPAQ (rs=0.58, P&lt;0.001) and physical health summary component of SF-36 (rs=0.59, P&lt;0.001), and a weak correlation with the mental health summary component of SF-36 (rs=0.39, P&lt;0.001). The Persian UCLA questionnaire had no ceiling or floor effects. Conclusion: The Persian version of the UCLA questionnaire has acceptable reliability and validity for Iranian candidates for knee replacement surgery.