Standard Map Research Articles

Integrating gender mainstreaming in disaster risk reduction through providing geospatial information to create community resilience in Muntuk Village, Bantul Regency

Muntuk Village, Bantul Regency has a high multi-risk disaster potential, in the form of earthquakes and landslides. This is due to the location of Muntuk Village which is in the Bukit Batur Agung formation and is directly connected to the Opak Fault. The implications of these threats result in high disaster vulnerability. The focus of this research is to examine aspects of social vulnerability with the main subject being women, especially since the number of victims of the 2006 Bantul earthquake was dominated by women. This research seeks to integrate the development of Prima Village to increase the resilience of women's communities. The method used is a concurrent mixed method using questionnaires, interviews, and observations, as well as mapping data processing. The results of the analysis produced several outputs, including Sex Ratio Map, Economic Resilience Index Map, Prima Village Feasibility Standard Map, Landslide Prone Area Map, Logistics Warehouse Coverage Effectiveness Map, Logistics Warehouse Development Plan Map, and policy recommendations. It is hoped that this output can be used as input in designing regional disaster planning policies, both pre-disaster, during a disaster, and post-disaster, especially for women to improve community empowerment programs to achieve the goals of Prima Village.

Generation of High-Resolution Orthomosaics from Historical Aerial Photographs Using Structure-from-Motion and Lidar Data

This study presents a method to generate historical orthomosaics using Structure-from-Motion (SfM ) photogrammetry, historical aerial photographs, and lidar data, and then analyzes the horizontal accuracy and factors that can affect the quality of historical orthoimagery products made with these approaches. Two sets of historical aerial photographs (1934 and 1951) were analyzed, focused on the town of Woodstock in Connecticut, U.S.A. Ground control points (GCPs) for georeferencing were obtained by overlaying multiple data sets, including lidar elevation data and derivative hillshades, and recent orthoimagery. Root-Mean-Square Error values of check points (CPs ) for 1934 and 1951 orthomosaics without extreme outliers are 0.83 m and 1.37 m, respectively. Results indicate that orthomosaics can be used for standard mapping and geographic information systems (GIS ) work according to the ASPRS 1990 accuracy standard. In addition, results emphasize that three main factors can affect the horizontal accuracy of orthomosaics: (1) types of CPs, (2) the number of tied photos, and (3) terrain.

Assessment of a twin-entry turbine efficiency model including momentum exchange between branches

Radial twin-entry turbines standard maps have limited data available for fitting model parameters since they usually provide information only at full and partial admission conditions. However, twin-entry turbines’ most common operation is at unequal admission conditions. A new losses-based efficiency model has been developed that takes into account the behaviour of the twin-entry turbines at unequal admission conditions considering the different losses produced in each of its parts to improve the model predictions in these conditions. The model is validated with experimental measurements of the whole range of admission conditions, and all the model parameters needed are fitted. Moreover, the model’s accuracy is compared with empirical and commercial models using a limited amount of data instead of the whole measured map, obtaining reasonable extrapolations and improving the results provided by the other models at unequal admission conditions.

Cardiac magnetic resonance findings in acute and post-acute COVID-19 patients with suspected myocarditis.

Cardiac injury is commonly reported in COVID-19 patients, resulting associated to pre-existing cardiovascular disease, disease severity, and unfavorable outcome. Aim is to report cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) findings in patients with myocarditis-like syndrome during the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection (AMCovS) and post-acute phase (cPACS). Between September 2020 and January 2022, 39 consecutive patients (24 males, 58%) were referred to our department to perform a CMR for the suspicion of myocarditis related to AMCovS (n=17) and cPACS (n=22) at multimodality evaluation (clinical, laboratory, ECG, and echocardiography). CMR was performed for the assessment of volume, function, edema and fibrosis with standard sequencesand mapping techniques. CMR diagnosis and the extension and amount of CMR alterations were recorded. Patients with suspected myocarditis in acute and post-COVID settings were mainly men (10 (59%) and 12 (54.5%), respectively) with older age in AMCovS (58 [48-64]) compared to cPACS (38 [26-53]). Myocarditis was confirmed by CMR in most of cases: 53% of AMCovS and 50% of cPACS with negligible LGE burden (3 [IQR, 1-5] % and 2 [IQR, 1-4] %, respectively). Myocardial infarction was identified in 4/17 (24%) patients with AMCovS. Cardiomyopathies were identified in 12% (3/17) and 27% (6/22) of patients with AMCovS and cPACS, including DCM, HCM and mitral valve prolapse. In patients with acute and post-acute COVID-19 related suspected myocarditis, CMR improves diagnostic accuracy characterizing ischemic and non-ischemic injury and unraveling subclinical cardiomyopathies.

Modified no-touch technique for radio-cephalic arteriovenous fistula increases primary patency and decreases juxta-anastomotic stenosis.

Low primary patency rate is a major problem of radio-cephalic arteriovenous fistula (RC-AVF) creation. Radial artery deviation and reimplantation (RADAR) is associated with low juxta-anastomotic stenosis rate. However, inflow artery stenosis is prominent with RADAR. To further reduce injury to veins and arteries during operation, a modified no-touch technique (MNTT) was used to create RC-AVF. We retrospectively reviewed our prospectively maintained database of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD)s undergoing RC-AVF creation for hemodialysis using either the MNTT between January 2021 and January 2022 (MNTT group) or conventional surgical procedure ( end-to-side vein-to-artery anastomosis) between October 2016 and October 2017 (Control group). Patients who chose to undergo RC-AVF surgery underwent standardized preoperative mapping and postoperative fistula evaluations using duplex ultrasound. Additionally, 4D flow MRI data were used to visualize and quantify the hemodynamics of one RC-AVF by MNTT. Outcomes included primary patency, juxta-anastomotic stenosis, and maturation rates. Forty patients underwent RC-AVFs by MNTT, compared to 60 patients in the control group. The MNTT group had a higher primary unassisted patency rate than the control group (p = 0.038). Juxta-anastomotic stenosis (all on the cephalic vein) occurred in 4 (10%) patients who underwent MNTT. RC-AVF maturation rates after 3 months were not different between both groups (maturation rate: 90% and 81.7% in the MNTT and control groups, respectively, p = 0.253). COX regression showed that both conventional AVF surgery (p = 0.031) and smaller cephalic vein diameter (p = 0.034) were associated with higher odds of RC-AVF failure. The AVF flow within the proximal vein remained helical during cardiac cycle. The distribution of wall shear stress (WSS) and oscillatory shear index (OSI) differed from that of conventional surgical AVF. RC-AVF by MNTT increases primary patency rate and decreases juxta-anastomotic stenosis rate. The improvement in hemodynamics may be one of the important reasons for the better patency rate of in the RC-AVF by MNTT group.

Finite-time Lyapunov fluctuations and the upper bound of classical and quantum out-of-time-ordered expansion rate exponents.

This Letter demonstrates for chaotic maps [logistic, classical, and quantum standard maps (SMs)] that the exponential growth rate (Λ) of the out-of-time-ordered four-point correlator is equal to the classical Lyapunov exponent (λ) plus fluctuations (Δ^{(fluc)}) of the one-step finite-time Lyapunov exponents (FTLEs). Jensen's inequality provides the upper bound λ≤Λ for the considered systems. Equality is restored with Λ=λ+Δ^{(fluc)}, where Δ^{(fluc)} is quantified by k-higher-order cumulants of the (covariant) FTLEs. Exact expressions for Λ are derived and numerical results using k=20 furnish Δ^{(fluc)}∼ln(sqrt[2]) for all maps (large kicking intensities in the SMs).

Software assistants in software engineering: A systematic mapping study

AbstractThe increasing essential complexity of software systems makes current software engineering methods and practices fall short in many occasions. Software assistants have the ability to help humans achieve a variety of tasks, including the development of software. Such assistants, which show human‐like competences such as autonomy and intelligence, help software engineers do their job by empowering them with new knowledge. This article investigates the research efforts that have been conducted on the creation of assistants for software design, construction and maintenance paying special attention to the user‐assistant interactions. To this end, we followed the standard systematic mapping study method to identify and classify relevant works in the state of the art. Out of the 7580 articles resulting from the automatic search, we identified 112 primary studies that present works which qualify as software assistants. We provide all the resources needed to reproduce our study. We report on the trends and goals of the assistants, the tasks they perform, how they interact with users, the technologies and mechanisms they exploit to embed intelligence and provide knowledge, and their level of automation. We propose a classification of software assistants based on interactions and present an analysis of the different automation patterns. As outcomes of our study, we provide a classification of software assistants dealing with the design, construction and maintenance phases of software development, we discuss the results, identify open lines of work and challenges and call for new innovative and rigorous research efforts in this field.

High-density mapping improves detection of conduction gaps after pulmonary vein isolation ablation with a circular mapping catheter.

High-density (HD) mapping of the pulmonary vein (PVs) has been hypothesized to improve the detection of conduction gaps in the radiofrequency ablation lesions set after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). We aimed to compare the incidence of gaps after PVI with a standard 20-pole circumferential mapping catheter (CMC-20) and an HD mapping catheter (HD Grid). This prospective study included patients scheduled for high-power short-duration PVI. Acute PVI was defined as an entrance and exit block using the CMC-20 after ≥ 20min waiting period. The left atrium was then remapped using the HD Grid high-density mapping catheter to identify residual conduction gaps in the PVI lines by voltage and activation criteria. The primary endpoint was the number of gaps identified per patient by the HD Grid catheter. A total of 20 patients were included (mean age 59.9 ± 10.8years, 15% female, 70% paroxysmal AF). The new map with the HD Grid identified 6 gaps in 4 patients (20%) or 0.3 ± 0.7 gaps per patient (p = 0.055 when compared to CMC-20). Five gaps (83%) were located at the right PVs. There was no difference in mapping time (CMC-20 12.2 ± 2.6min vs HD Grid 11.7 ± 3.4min, p = 0.452); however, the number of points was significantly higher in the HD Grid map (1662.7 ± 366.1 vs 1171.6 ± 313.6, p < 0.001). HD mapping during AF ablation identified PVI gaps in 1 out of 5 patients. Therefore, HD mapping may have the potential to improve AF ablation success rates in the long term. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04850508 on April 20, 2021.

Development and systematic evaluation of high resolution PD‐weighted, T2‐weighted, and T2 map templates of the MIITRA atlas for use in studies on older adults

AbstractBackgroundAtlas based MRI investigations involving PD‐weighted (PDw), T2‐weighted (T2w) MRI sequences on older adults typically utilized younger adult templates such as those of the ICBM. Additionally, a thorough quantitative assessment of how available standardized PDw and T2w templates perform on aging population has not yet been performed. Here a new standardized high resolution PDw, T2w and T2 map templates of the MIITRA atlas dedicated for studies on older adults was developed using concepts of super‐resolution and sparse‐representation and compared to other available standardized templates in terms of image quality, inter‐subject spatial normalization accuracy and representativeness of the older adult brain.MethodT2‐weighted multi‐echo spin‐echo brain MRI (0.5mmx0.5mmx3mm isotropic, TE=20,40,60,80,100ms) and its corresponding T1‐weighted (isotropic 1mm) data obtained from the 400 non‐demented older adults (65‐95 age range, male:female=1:1) participating in the construction of the MIITRA atlas were used in this work. Additionally, subject T2 maps were constructed by fitting the T2 decay equation. The template construction involved reconstruction of high resolution voxels of T2‐weighted data utilizing nonlocal super‐resolution upsampling technique, mapping of each of the five echo (TE=20,40,60,80,100ms) separately using combined iterative T1‐weighted and DTI spatial normalization based transformations on a super‐resolution grid followed by patch‐based sparse representation to construct our T2‐weighted templates of the MIITRA atlas (Fig.1).The first echo PD‐weighted and the third echo T2‐weighted templates were compared to other available templates in terms of image sharpness and inter‐subject spatial normalization accuracy achieved when used as references for normalization of 30 ADNI PD‐weighted and T2‐weighted participants.ResultThe new PD and T2 weighted templates of the MIITRA atlas demonstrated higher image sharpness compared to the other templates, as exhibited by larger high spatial frequency content in the normalized power spectra (Fig. 2A,B,C,D). Inter‐subject spatial normalization was higher when using the new templates compared to the other templates (Fig.3,4). The new templates required the least spatial deformation for normalizing ADNI data (Fig.5A,B).ConclusionWe conclude that the new PD‐weighted and T2‐weighted templates of the MIITRA atlas are characterized by superior image quality, require lower deformation and allow for higher spatial normalization accuracy for use in studies on older adults such as the ADNI datasets.

Quantifying chaos using Lagrangian descriptors.

We present and validate simple and efficient methods to estimate the chaoticity of orbits in low-dimensional conservative dynamical systems, namely, autonomous Hamiltonian systems and area-preserving symplectic maps, from computations of Lagrangian descriptors (LDs) on short time scales. Two quantities are proposed for determining the chaotic or regular nature of orbits in a system's phase space, which are based on the values of the LDs of these orbits and of nearby ones: The difference and ratio of neighboring orbits' LDs. Using as generic test models the prototypical two degree of freedom Hénon-Heiles system and the two-dimensional standard map, we find that these indicators are able to correctly characterize the chaotic or regular nature of orbits to better than 90% agreement with results obtained by implementing the Smaller Alignment Index (SALI) method, which is a well-established chaos detection technique. Further investigating the performance of the two introduced quantities, we discuss the effects of the total integration time and of the spacing between the used neighboring orbits on the accuracy of the methods, finding that even typical short time, coarse-grid LD computations are sufficient to provide reliable quantification of the systems' chaotic component, using less CPU time than the SALI. In addition to quantifying chaos, the introduced indicators have the ability to reveal details about the systems' local and global chaotic phase space structure. Our findings clearly suggest that LDs can also be used to quantify and investigate chaos in continuous and discrete low-dimensional conservative dynamical systems.

Systematic Construction of Knowledge Graphs for Research-Performing Organizations

Research-Performing Organizations (e.g., research centers, universities) usually accumulate a wealth of data related to their researchers, the generated scientific results and research outputs, and publicly and privately-funded projects that support their activities, etc. Even though the types of data handled may look similar across organizations, it is common to see that each institution has developed its own data model to provide support for many of their administrative activities (project reporting, curriculum management, personnel management, etc.). This creates obstacles to the integration and linking of knowledge across organizations, as well as difficulties when researchers move from one institution to another. In this paper, we take advantage of the ontology network created by the Spanish HERCULES initiative to facilitate the construction of knowledge graphs from existing information systems, such as the one managed by the company Universitas XXI, which provides support to more than 100 Spanish-speaking research-performing organizations worldwide. Our effort is not just focused on following the modeling choices from that ontology, but also on demonstrating how the use of standard declarative mapping rules (i.e., R2RML) guarantees a systematic and sustainable workflow for constructing and maintaining a KG. We also present several real-world use cases in which the proposed workflow is adopted together with a set of lessons learned and general recommendations that may also apply to other domains. The next steps include researching in the automation of the creation of the mapping rules, the enrichment of the KG with external sources, and its exploitation though distributed environments.

An Automatic Generalization Method for a Dense Road Network Area Considering Spatial Structural Features as Constraints

Road networks are the skeletal elements of topographic maps at different scales, and road selection is a prerequisite for implementing continuous multiscale spatial representations of road networks. The mesh-based approach is a common, advanced and powerful method for road selection in dense road areas in which small meshes are removed and road segments with the least importance in each mesh are eliminated. However, small meshes in a map can be classified into two types: aggregated small meshes and isolated small meshes. The number of the former is small, and that of the latter is large. Existing methods are generally applicable for the latter, and some or even most spatial characteristics will be lost when they are applied to the former; as a result, the road selection quality will be affected. Therefore, as a supplement to the mesh-based selection method, this paper proposed an automatic generalization method of dense road network areas (areas formed by aggregated small meshes) considering spatial structural features as constraints. First, the aggregated areas of small meshes were identified based on the number of adjoining small meshes, and the boundaries of aggregated areas are extracted and used as hard constraints during mesh elimination. Second, the starting meshes were redefined by simultaneously considering the edge features and mesh density of small meshes, and an ordinal elimination algorithm was proposed to eliminate the meshes in the stroke connection direction. Third, road selection was implemented by identifying the starting meshes and sequentially processing the related mesh pairs. This iterative process continued until all mesh densities of the newly formed meshes are beyond the threshold or the problem becomes a simple elimination problem involving two adjoining small meshes or one isolated small mesh. Finally, a 1:10,000 standard topographic road map for Jiangsu Province, China, was used for validation. The experimental results showed that in the aggregated areas with two small meshes, 31% of the areas obtained the same selection results by using the mesh-based method and the proposed method, and the remaining 69% obtained a more compact result with the proposed method. Moreover, for all aggregated areas with more than two small meshes, the spatial distribution structure of small meshes was preserved better by the proposed method.

Phase rearrangement shell mapping in single-span nonlinear optical fiber communication system

The importance of single-span systems is emphasized by the fact that they currently constitute the fastest growing section of the fiber communication markets. In such systems, the correlation time of the nonlinear phase noise is too short to allow the nonlinear phase-noise mitigation such as adaptive phase-recovery or equalization, while it is sufficient for the shaping approaches. The multi-dimensional (MD) coded-modulation based standard shell mapping (SM) algorithm can realize signal shaping and mitigate the nonlinear phase noise in single-span optical fiber transmissions. However, the standard SM algorithm has poor performance resulted from the decoding penalty in two-dimensional (2D) decoding with a low signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio. In this paper, we propose a phase rearrangement shell mapping (PRSM) algorithm to improve the 2D decoding performance by rearranging the constellation sequence in order of signal phase for each shell. This proposed technique is verified through the simulation of a 5 × 70-GBaud 4D/8D modulated signal in a 5-channel wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) system after a single span transmission of 100-km standard single mode fiber (SSMF). We also conduct an experiment to verify the performance of 3 × 45-GBaud 4D/8D-16QAM with PRSM algorithm after unrepeated transmission of 100-km SSMF. The simulation and experimental results show that the Q2 factor gain of PRSM-4D/8D-16QAM is about 0.2∼0.3 dB compared with standard SM-4D/8D-16QAM using 2D decoding. There is about 1.6-dB or 1.8-dB launch optical power (LOP) dynamic range improvement by PRSM compared with standard SM for 4D/8D-16QAM, respectively.

Mapping of Compositional Diversity and Chronological Ages of Lunar Farside Multiring Mare Moscoviense Basin: Implications to the Middle Imbrian Mare Basalts

The Mare Moscoviense is an astonishing rare flatland multi-ring basin and one of the recognizable mare regions on the Moon’s farside. The mineralogical, chronological, topographical and morphological studies of the maria surface of the Moon provide a primary understanding of the origin and evolution of the mare provinces. In this study, the Chandrayaan-1 M3 data have been employed to prepare optical maturity index, FeO and TiO2 concentration, and standard band ratio map to detect the mafic indexes like olivine and pyroxene minerals. The crater size frequency distribution method has been applied to LROC WAC data to obtain the absolute model ages of the Moscoviense basin. The four geological unit ages were observed as 3.57 Ga (U-2), 3.65 Ga (U-1), 3.8 Ga (U-3) and 3.92 Ga (U-4), which could have been formed between the Imbrian and Nectarian epochs. The M3 imaging and reflectance spectral parameters were used to reveal the minerals like pyroxene, olivine, ilmenite, plagioclase, orthopyroxene-olivine-spinel lithology, and olivine-pyroxene mixtures present in the gabbroic basalt, anorthositic and massive ilmenite rocks, and validated with the existing database. The results show that the Moscoviense basin is dominated by intermediate TiO2 basalts that derived from olivine-ilmenite-pyroxene cumulate depths ranging from 200 to 500 km between 3.5 Ga and 3.6 Ga.

A second order phase transition characterized in the suppression of unlimited chaotic diffusion for a dissipative standard mapping

An order parameter is identified in a dissipative standard mapping during the transition from limited to unlimited chaotic diffusion. The suppression of the unlimited chaotic diffusion is proved due to the existence of a continuous phase transition. The average squared action is obtained, allowing the investigation of the main properties of the transition for long-time dynamics (stationary state). The main questions to characterize the order of this phase transition are: (i) what is the order parameter; (ii) what is the elementary excitation of the dynamics affecting the transport of particles in the system?

Predicting the tissue outcome of acute ischemic stroke from acute 4D computed tomography perfusion imaging using temporal features and deep learning.

Predicting follow-up lesions from baseline CT perfusion (CTP) datasets in acute ischemic stroke patients is important for clinical decision making. Deep convolutional networks (DCNs) are assumed to be the current state-of-the-art for this task. However, many DCN classifiers have not been validated against the methods currently used in research (random decision forests, RDF) and clinical routine (Tmax thresholding). Specialized DCNs have even been designed to extract complex temporal features directly from spatiotemporal CTP data instead of using standard perfusion parameter maps. However, the benefits of applying deep learning to source or deconvolved CTP data compared to perfusion parameter maps have not been formally investigated so far. In this work, a modular UNet-based DCN is proposed that separates temporal feature extraction from tissue outcome prediction, allowing for both model validation using perfusion parameter maps as well as end-to-end learning from spatiotemporal CTP data. 145 retrospective datasets comprising baseline CTP imaging, perfusion parameter maps, and follow-up non-contrast CT with manual lesion segmentations were assembled from acute ischemic stroke patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis alone (IV; n = 43) or intra-arterial mechanical thrombectomy (IA; n = 102) with or without combined IV. Using the perfusion parameter maps as input, the proposed DCN (mean Dice: 0.287) outperformed the RDF (0.262) and simple Tmax-thresholding (0.249). The performance of the proposed DCN was approximately equal using features optimized from the deconvolved residual curves (0.286) compared to perfusion parameter maps (0.287), while using features optimized from the source concentration-time curves (0.296) provided the best tissue outcome predictions.

A roadmap for sustainability performance assessment in the context of Agri-Food Supply Chain

Sustainability is today one of the most significant supply chain concerns. To guarantee the path towards sustainability, supply chains need to use Performance Measurement Systems (PMS) to assess and monitor their sustainable performance. The Agri-Food Supply Chain (AFSC) is not an exception. However, given this sector's complexity and specific requirements, more profound research is needed in the context of sustainable performance. So far, none of the existent literature studies focuses on proposing a PMS system that simultaneously incorporates the Triple Bottom Line (TBL) approach and promotes an integrated SC view. For that, the basis of a PMS system should be defined, which means establishing the performance areas that should be measured and monitored considering the sustainability goals. This paper aims two contribute to reduce this gap and the contributions are three-fold. First, define a standardized mapping of the Agri-Food Sustainable Supply Chain (AF-SSC) to be considered in a PMS, identifying appropriately the key stakeholders, material, information, and financials' direct and reverse flows. Second, identify the most critical sustainability-related Performance Areas (PA) (categories) that should be measured in any AF-SSC. Third, and for each PA proposed, detail the main subcategories (characteristics). A multimethod methodology comprising semi-structured interviews including sector key stakeholders and a content-based literature review method is employed. Validation of the results is performed through AFSC stakeholders. As a result, a framework to guide the sustainable measurement of different SC stakeholders is outlined, that includes 16 performance areas and 71 subcategories. Given the high heterogeneity of the performance measures used in the literature, this research establishes the standard to be followed and a roadmap to guide the companies in evaluating their sustainability performance, encompassing the TBL.

ReIGNITE RT Boost: An International Study Testing the Feasibility, Accuracy and Reliability of Using Restriction Spectrum Imaging (RSI) MRI to Guide Radiotherapy Target Volume Delineation for Prostate Cancer Tumor Boost

<h3>Purpose/Objective(s)</h3> Recently the FLAME clinical trial showed adding a radiation boost to the visible tumor improves prostate cancer control without additional toxicity. In FLAME, a radiologist assisted in each tumor delineation. Even for radiologists, there is substantial dependence on reader experience for prostate MRI. Radiation oncologists' ability to reliably identify prostate tumors is critical to wide adoption and patients benefitting from tumor radiotherapy boost. We have developed a quantitative diffusion MRI metric for prostate cancer based on the restriction spectrum imaging (RSI) framework, called the RSI restriction score (RSI_rs). RSI_rs has been shown to improve accuracy over guideline-recommended standard ADC maps. RSI_rs maps can be overlaid on conventional T2-weighted MRI sequences and used to identify prostate cancer. We hypothesize that contouring on RSI_rs maps will improve the accuracy and reliability of prostate tumor delineation. <h3>Materials/Methods</h3> Radiation oncologists (participants) from multiple institutions contoured prostate tumors on 20 patient cases. An expert radiologist contoured each tumor to establish ground truth. Participants were either board certified or a resident who had completed a clinical genitourinary cancer rotation. Participants were provided the patient's age, PSA level, biopsy result and radiologist's report (e.g., "PI-RADS 5 lesion in right lateral peripheral zone at the base"). Participants delineated volumes on either standard MRI alone (50% of cases; included T2-weighted, DWI, ADC) or standard MRI with RSI_rs map. Accuracy was quantified by comparing to the expert volume by distance to agreement, Dice coefficient, and Jaccard coefficient. Reliability was measured as variation across participants by the Volume Ratio (VR) method. <h3>Results</h3> In this interim analysis of an ongoing study, 126 target volumes have been analyzed from 6 participants. Comparing participant and expert volumes, use of RSI_rs maps significantly improved the mean distance to agreement (3.87mm vs. 1.68mm, p<0.01), Dice coefficient (0.45 vs. 0.65, p<0.001), and Jaccard coefficient (0.32 vs. 0.50, p<0.001). Target volume variability was also significantly improved; VR was reduced from 19.23 to 5.90 (p<0.05). Notably, there were 9 complete misses when participants contoured on standard MRI alone but no misses when RSI_rs maps were provided. 63 global participants have been enrolled in this study and additional data collection and analysis are in process. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The addition of RSI_rs maps to standard MRI improves the reliability and accuracy of target delineation for prostate tumor boost. RSI_rs maps have the potential to increase the feasibility of widely implementing the benefits of focal tumor boost for patients undergoing prostate radiotherapy.

Fingerprint and Universal Markovian Closure of Structured Bosonic Environments.

We exploit the properties of chain mapping transformations of bosonic environments to identify a finite collection of modes able to capture the characteristic features, or fingerprint, of the environment. Moreover we show that the countable infinity of residual bath modes can be replaced by a universal Markovian closure, namely, a small collection of damped modes undergoing a Lindblad-type dynamics whose parametrization is independent of the spectral density under consideration. We show that the Markovian closure provides a quadratic speedup with respect to standard chain mapping techniques and makes the memory requirement independent of the simulation time, while preserving all the information on the fingerprint modes. We illustrate the application of the Markovian closure to the computation of linear spectra but also to nonlinear spectral response, a relevant experimentally accessible many body coherence witness for which efficient numerically exact calculations in realistic environments are currently lacking.

Global dynamics visualisation from Lagrangian Descriptors. Applications to discrete and continuous systems

This paper introduces a new global dynamics and chaos indicator based on the method of Lagrangian Descriptor apt for discriminating ordered and deterministic chaotic motions in multidimensional systems. The selected implementation of this method requires only the knowledge of orbits on finite time windows and is free of the computation of the tangent vector dynamics (i.e.,variational equations are not needed). To demonstrate its ability in visualising different dynamical behaviours, in particular for highlighting chaotic regions, several stability maps of classical systems, obtained with different phase space methods, are reproduced. The benchmark examples are rooted in discrete and continuous nearly-integrable dynamical systems, with prominent features played by resonances. These include the Chirikov standard map, higher dimensional symplectic and volume preserving maps, fundamental models of resonances, and a 3 degrees-of-freedom nearly-integrable Hamiltonian system with a dense web of resonances. The indicator thus appears to be relevant for understanding phase space transport mediated by resonances in nearly-integrable system, as ubiquitous in celestial mechanics or astrodynamics.