Standard GOST Research Articles

Разработка технологии хлебобулочных изделий с использованием цельносмолотой полбяной муки

Spelt flour is rich in protein and adds nutritional value to bakery products, thus rendering them qualities of functional foods. The article introduces a new technology for preparing functional puff pastry with whole-grain spelt flour. The research featured yeast and yeast-free puff pastries made of whole-grain spelt flour. The samples obtained were analyzed with standard methods of sensory and physicochemical research and covered such variables as moisture content, acidity, quantity and quality of gluten, and falling number. The optimal share of whole-grain spelt flour amounted to 30% of total flour. The quality indicators met State Standard GOST 9511-80. The experiments made it possible to obtain the optimal formulations and technologies for yeast and yeastfree whole-grain spelt puff pastries with added nutritional value. The chemical composition and energy value per 100 g of finished product were determined by calculation. In the yeast puff pastry, adding 30% whole-grain spelt flour raised the protein content by 32.3%, carbohydrates by 31.7%, dietary fiber by 63.0%, and minerals by 43.2%. The fat increased only slightly, i.e., by 1.6%. In the yeast-free puff pastry, adding 30% whole-grain spelt flour raised the protein content by 13.5%, carbohydrates by 23.3%, dietary fiber by 3.6%, and minerals by 21.6%. The fat increase was also insignificant (2.5%). Whole-grain spelt flour proved able to expand the range of fortified puff pastries. The new yeast-free functional puff pastry demonstrated better consumer characteristics than the experimental sample with yeast.

Methodological approach to quantitative assessment of the security of open operating systems AS of the Internal Affairs Bodies

Objective. The article considers the provisions of the fuzzy logic approach in relation to the method of quantifying the security of open operating systems (OS) of automated systems of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation (AS of the Russian Federation), taking into account possible security threats and the requirements of the standard GOST R ISO/IEC 15408 for leveling possible consequences. Information Message № 240/24/4893 dated October 18, 2016 «On Approval of Information Security Requirements for Operating Systems» of the FSTEC of Russia defines 6 OS security classes. Operating systems corresponding to protection classes 1, 2 and 3 are used in information (automated) systems in which information containing information constituting a state secret is processed, operating systems corresponding to protection classes 4, 5 and 6 are not intended for processing such information. In the presented study, the open operating systems of the AS of the Russian Federation are understood as OS AS, in which information containing information constituting a state secret is not processed. Method. The study was conducted based on the method of analyzing possible security threats to open operating systems, as well as the requirements of GOST R ISO/IEC 15408 standard, using the provisions of fuzzy logic. Result. The result of the automated system for calculating the security index of the analyzed open OS is one of the specified criteria for the degree of security of the OS, based on the provisions of fuzzy logic. Conclusion. The authors propose a method for assessing the security of open OS of the AS of the Russian Federation, based on the provisions of fuzzy logic.

Особенности построения системы экологического менеджмента организации с учетом вновь введенных национальных стандартов ГОСТ Р ИСО 14006—2022 и ГОСТ Р МЭК 62430—2023

The information on legislative documents of the Russian Federation regulating the activities of companies in the sphere of environmental management, considering environmental standards in design, has been provided. The relevance and feasibility of application of the system-structural process approach at the stage of development and implementation of the environmental management system, considering the environmental standards in design based on the standards GOST R ISO 14006—2022 and GOST R IEC 62430—2023, have been substantiated. The use of the process approach to the environmental management system development considering environmental standards in design based on the systems approach using the well-known PDCA principle has been methodologically substantiated; the basic issues of its applicability have been considered. A matrix of processes and subprocesses is compiled in accordance with the sections of GOST R ISO 14006 and the process typology as provided by ISO/TC 176/SC 2/N 544R3 (company’s management processes; processes of measurement, analysis, and improvement; key processes of resource management); the processes are ranked by their level. A model of the environmental management system has been developed considering environmental standards in design based on the process approach, Structured Analysis and Design Technique (SADT), and IDEF0 functional modeling methodology. The main context diagram of the environmental management system considering environmental standards in design in IDEF0 notation is developed. The decomposition of processes and subprocesses of the second and third levels has been completed; all their functional connections are described. The provided process modeling methodology allows reaching positive effect as to minimization of costs and time of the development of the environmental management system model, considering environmental standards in design. It has been demonstrated that the process approach applied to design of the system model of environmental management system considering environmental standards in design enables structuring the composition of processes, precise determining of input and output parameters of processes, participants of processes, resources, and ensuring process control and adjustment.

STUDY OF THE SEAMLESS PIPES PROPERTIES OBTAINED FROM A HOLLOW BILLET

The article researched the influence on the pipes mechanical properties initial billet obtained by the traditional method and the proposed method, in which the piercing process is excluded. The proposed method involves casting the initial billet for the production of seamless pipes with a cavity obtained on a continuous casting machine. The production of hotrolled seamless pipes from a hollow billet is an urgent issue today, since central porosity and axial segregation after casting are excluded, affecting the quality of the pipes obtained in the subsequent stages of production: rolling on a mandrel mill and reducing. The possibility of producing seamless hot-rolled pipes from a hollow billet is substantiated, providing the necessary set of mechanical properties that are regulated by the standards GOST 632-80, GOST 633-80 and API 5CT. The result is a minimal deviation of the mechanical properties of steel samples obtained by double deformation of a hollow continuously cast billet from samples obtained according to the traditional scheme, including the piercing process. Keywords: hollow billet, steel, 09Mn2Si, seamless pipe, piercing process.

NON-DESTRUCTIVE METHOD OF IDENTIFICATION OF STEEL GRADES OF ROLLING PRODUCTS

This article presents the results of coercive force dependence study of on the chemical composition and geometric parameters for the purpose of identifying the steel grade in a non-destructive manner. The paper proposes to identify the steel grade by the coercive force, using a correlation with the carbon equivalent and the diameter of the rolled product. As a result of the work, the possibility of identifying steel grades by the carbon equivalent associated with the coercive force and the diameter of the product was established. The ranges of the carbon equivalent for steels St3, 18Mn2Si and 30CrMn2Si were determined. The results of the work established that the coercive force depends on the chemical composition and geometric parameters of the controlled product. Thus, the solutions proposed in this paper are of great practical importance for industrial enterprises for the purpose of steel products prompt identification. The obtained values ​​of the carbon equivalent derived from the proposed dependence correspond to the values ​​of the carbon equivalent calculated according to the standard GOST R 55020-2012. This method of non-destructive determination of steel grade by carbon equivalent through magnetic parameters can be applied to products made of tool and other structural steel grades. Keywords: non-destructive testing, coercive force, carbon equivalent, regression, magnetic properties.

Intelligent Method for Mutation of Input Cases with Feedback

Relevance. Fuzzing is one of the effective ways to improve the software reliability and is included in the mandatory list of research carried out at the stage of qualification testing according to national standard GOST R 56939-2016. The use of standard mutators reduces the fuzzing process to brute force, which negatively affects the time of incorrect program behavior detection. In this regard, it is important to rationalize the selection of input data, which takes into account the data corpus specifics, as well as the context describing the software response under test and allowing to determine the mutations at the next iteration of testing. Purpose of the research is to increase the efficiency of fuzzing by intellectualizing the standard mutator using neural networks, which takes into account the syntactic and semantic features of the input corpus and uses program feedback.Methods. The methods of analysis and synthesis, theory of algorithms, discrete and computational mathematics, machine learning were used.Result. The advantages and disadvantages of the standard module for AFL fuzzer’s input corpus mutation are considered. The justification of neural network choice with LSTM-architecture as a mechanism that realizes the intelligent control of input corpora’s’ generation and transformation is given. The proposed mutation method is described, which implies the integration of decision making mechanism on the amount and format of necessary mutations to increase the code coverage into the standard mutator, as well as the subsequent refinement of input data by shell-code to check the operability of the fragment that caused abnormal software’s behavior. The scheme of the mutation module is presented, which includes a component of input corporas conversion for generation of program execution traces and a component aimed at concept confirmation and re-call of abnormal software behavior using the generated shell-code.Novelty. Unlike the known ones, the proposed method uses feedback, fixing the software reaction, when forming the data mutation strategy, which determines the scientific novelty of the obtained results.Significance. The proposed solution allows reducing the program testing time while maintaining the code coverage. The results obtained in the research are universal and, in the future, can be used in white, black and gray box fuzzing methods.

Reconstruction of buildings of the first mass series according to green construction standards

The relevance of the research topic is due to the need to introduce systemic solutions into practice to create an environmentally sustainable and energy efficient urban environment. Over the past decades, there has been an urgent need to reconstruct the housing stock according to architectural, urban planning and construction requirements. Based on the results of the author’s scientific research, the fundamental possibility of reconstruction of 5-storey brick buildings of the first mass series according to green construction standards is shown. The results obtained convincingly indicate that the reconstruction of buildings of the first mass series according to the green standard GOST 70346—2022 allows improving almost all green categories. The quality of the architecture and layout of the site, energy efficiency and quality of the atmosphere, and the level of innovation in sustainable development are especially noticeably increasing. Before the reconstruction, the buildings of the first mass series do not meet the requirements of green construction. After the reconstruction of these buildings, a rating of “good” was obtained. Comparison of results obtained according to independent green standards GOST 70346—2022 and STO NOSTROY 2.35.4—2011 shows their consistency. Thus, the reconstruction of buildings of the first mass series according to green construction standards makes it possible to create a fundamentally new, environmentally sustainable, energy-efficient architecture in order to preserve and improve the quality of the environment for future generations.

Research on service life prediction and decorative properties of acrylic paint in Vietnam's marine atmosphere by acceleration test

Vietnam is located in a tropical climate zone, especially coastal climates that quickly destroy coating materials that protect steel structures. Therefore, the service life of coatings is always of concern to manufacturers and users. This article presents the results of surveying changes in gloss, color and service life prediction of acrylic paint by accelerated tests, that have simulated according to marine tropical conditions, which are correlated with the atmosphere at Dam Bay station (Hon Tre Island, Nha Trang city, Khanh Hoa province, Vietnam). Gloss is determined according to ISO 2813:2014, and color change is determined according to standard ASTM E308-12. The service life of the acrylic paint system is determined according to standard GOST 9.401-2018. Calculation results based on accelerated test data show that the corrosion time of the acrylic paint system reaches Ri 3 (according to ISO 4628-3:2016 assessment), the service life of acrylic paint Tar 5366 is 2.91 years, and acrylic paint AR-752 is 2.66 years.

Fault-assisted side-channel analysis of HMAC-Streebog

Streebog is a family of hash functions defined in the Russian cryptographic standard GOST R 34.11–2012. HMAC-Streebog, which is defined in RFC 7836, is a Streebog-based message authentication code. It supports keys of size ranging from 256 bits to 512 bits. In this article, we present fault-assisted side channel attacks on HMAC-Streebog-256 and HMAC-Streebog-512 that can recover the keys in real-time with 2 12.98 and 2 14.97 average number of fault injections, respectively, to ensure 95% success. The attacker is assumed to be able to simultaneously flip at the most 181 chosen bits of the inner hash if it is a 256–bit variant and 361 chosen bits of the hash otherwise. In comparison to existing fault attacks on HMAC-Streebog, our attacks have a larger temporal window for fault injection, target a more accessible location, and cannot be mitigated with output redundancy countermeasures. Some of the latest hardware vulnerabilities make the HMAC-Streebog implementations vulnerable to our attacks.

Разработка и внедрение процедуры риск- менеджмента для здоровья работников организации на базе стандарта ГОСТ Р 70675—2023

The information on the legislative documents of the Russian Federation regulating the activities of companies within the framework of risk assessment for the health of employees has been provided. The relevance and expediency of applying a process approach at the stages of development and implementation of the risk management procedure for the health of employees of a company based on the State Standard GOST R 70675—2023 have been substantiated. The methodological substantiation of the process approach to the development of the risk management procedure for the health of employees based on the systemic approach with the use of the well-known PDCA principles has been provided; the basic issues of its applicability have been considered. A matrix of processes and subprocesses has been compiled in accordance with the ISO process typology (ISO/TC 176/SC 2/N 544R3), the processes of company management, measurement, analysis, and improvement, as well as key and resource management processes have been demonstrated; the processes have been ranked by levels. A model of development of risk management procedure for the health of employees has been elaborated based on the process approach, the Structured Analysis and Design Technique (SADT), and the IDEF0 functional modeling methodology. The main context diagram of the process of the risk management procedure for the health of employees in the IDEF0 notation has been developed. The decomposition of the second and third-level processes has been presented; all their functional links have been described. The suggested methodology of process modeling makes it possible to ensure positive results as to the support, cost-efficiency, and timing of the development of the system model of risk management procedure for the health of employees. It has been demonstrated that the process approach used in the design of the system model of risk management procedure for the health of employees enables to structure of the process composition, to determine precisely the input and output parameters of processes, the participants of processes, the resources, and ensure control and adjustment of processes.

Сублимационная сушка кобыльего молозива

People do not consume raw mare’s colostrum. However, colostrum powder can be used as a biologically active additive to fortify functional foods. Mare’s colostrum is a unique natural multicomponent and multifunctional product with valuable immunomodulatory and regenerating properties that can be used therapeutically. This research featured optimal technological parameters of freeze-drying in the production of mare’s colostrum powder at a field-to-spoon full-cycle farm that breeds Vyatka horses. Low-pressure freeze-drying affects the quality of colostrum powder and its nutritional profile. No State Standard has been developed for mare’s colostrums so far. In fact, the only currently standardized colostrum in Russia is that of cows. In the absence of normative documents, the research had to rely on Technical Regulations of Customs Union TR CU 033/2013, State Standard GOST R 52975-2008, and Technical Specifications TS 10.51.56-001-0133214532-2021. Domestic sublimators with automatic control proved quite efficient in sublimation and drying of mare’s colostrum. The new technology requires no additional purification stage because mare’s colostrum possesses antimicrobial properties. The resulting colostrum powder appeared to have a remarkably long shelf-life. A further in-depth study is needed to reveal the nutrient composition of mare’s colostrum powder in connection with its immunomodulatory protein complex.

Quality characteristics of the shape preservation of cooked pasta with millet addition at different time intervals

The current study presents the indicators of shape preservation of cooked pasta by adding 7.7% millet in various time intervals. The experiments were conducted immediately after the pasta cooking process and after two hours. In the Eurasian Economic Union and the Republic of Kazakhstan, the quality indicators were produced by considering the established methodologies stated in the standardized papers. The interstate standard GOST 31964-2012, "Pasta products. Acceptance rules and methods of quality determination," was used to determine the shape preservation of cooked pasta. The study aimed to determine and compare cooked pasta's shape preservation indicators (consumer properties), considering a certain time interval. Pasta needs five minutes to cook. These days, though, pasta manufacturers specify the required cooking time – eight, nine, ten, or eleven minutes – on their packages. The study's findings indicate that the safety of pasta containing "7.7% millet after 2 (hours) from the moment of cooking" and "with the addition of 7.7% millet after cooking" is negligible by 1-2 N; however, data from 4-24 N show a more notable difference in a comparable scenario. The experiments were conducted at the Federal State Autonomous Scientific Institution "Scientific Research Institute of the Bakery Industry", Moscow, Russian Federation. The corresponding data was obtained according to the results of the conducted studies.

Обеспечение безопасного контроля радиационно-защитных свойств спецодежды пожарных

The radiation-protective clothes production to equip firefighters guarding nuclear power plants has been established in Russia. Special protective clothes were designed at the Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences under the supervision of Boris Benetsky (1933–2015). According to the state standard GOST R 53264—2019, the radiation-protective properties of special protective clothes are tested with gamma and beta rays in accordance with the methodology developed at the Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, which ensures the radiation safety of the test. It is required to check the decontamination coefficient; however, this testing method is still hazardous due to the use of open-type radiation-hazardous substances. To ensure the safety of the test, the simulation method has been proposed based on the substitution of the hazardous substance with a safe dust-like pollutant, whereas the decontamination is to be assessed by the adhesion index. The adhesive tape method to assess the contamination of the surface is used. Two casts are taken from two sections of the tested surface before and after the treatment with a detergent. The images of the casts are converted into digital form via a scanner and then computer-processed by the specially designed GLASS application. The contamination of the casts depends on the amount of dust stuck. Upon the determination of the average contamination of each cast, data is obtained to calculate the adhesion index. The result of the test of the same material by simulation method differs from the standard method by 20 %.

Влияние некорневых обработок органическими препаратами на качество и урожайность продукции томата

In modern vegetable growing, much attention is paid to environmental protection, especially to control of water regime, quality and quantity of fertilizers used. The use of preparations approved for organic vegetable growing contributes to the reduction of the pesticide pollution and the enrichment of vegetable products with bioelements. The research was carried out on the territory of the V.I. Edelstein National Center for Horticulture and Vegetable Growing in a spring film greenhouse. The aim of the research is to study the effect of foliar fertilization with preparations promising for organic farming on the yield, biochemical and elemental composition of tomato fruits. Three tomato hybrids and organic preparations Rostovit and Aminozol were studied. Standard methods and GOST standards were used in the research. The quality of the products was determined in the Central Research Institute of the Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy and the Federal Research Center for Vegetable Growing. As a result of the research, the positive reaction of tomatoes to the preparations approved for organic vegetable growing and containing brewer’s yeast extracts, macro- and microelements, amino acids was established, at the same time, the species-specific reaction of hybrids was noted. The triple foliar fertilization with aqueous solutions of Aminozol and Rostovit increased the yield of the Chernysh F1 hybrid by 31% and 28%, respectively, in comparison with the control varieties. The studied preparations had a positive effect on the biochemical and elemental composition of the fruits of the studied tomato hybrids: potassium (K), ascorbic acid (vitamin C), iron (Fe), copper (Si).

МОЛОЧНАЯ СЫВОРОТКА – ЦЕННОЕ СЫРЬЕ В ТЕХНОЛОГИИ КИСЛОМОЛОЧНЫХ ПРОДУКТОВ

The integrated use of raw materials, including the processing of secondary resources, whey, can increase the efficiency of the dairy industry. The purpose of the study is to offer a fermented milk product obtained from cow’s milk and dry demineralised whey. Raw cow’s milk meets the Russian national standard GOST 31449-2013; demineralised dry whey with a 50 % demineralisation level meets GOST R 56833-2015. To obtain a fermented milk product, the necessary amount of demineralised whey was introduced into warm cow’s milk (40 °C2 °C) with constant stirring, then pasteurized (85 °С2 °С). After cooling to 40 °C2 °C, yogurt starter culture was added to the milk mixture, then the mixture was kept up to the titrated acidity of 75– 80 °T. The study established organoleptic parameters (GOST R ISO 22935-2-2011), titrated acidity (GOST R 54669-2011), viscosity of fermented milk product (GOST 9070-75), microbiological parameters (GOST 1044411-2013, GOST 32901-2014, GOST 33566-2015, GOST 33566-2015) for products with different demineralised whey content (0–6 %). As a result, yogurt containing 2 % of whey had the highest score. This product was milk-white in color, had a sour-milk taste and thick homogeneous consistency. The product energy value was calculated. The study found that 2 % demineralised whey powder increased proteins by 4 %, carbohydrates by 34.2 %, and the energy value of the product by 7.33 %. Whey is rich in biologically active substances, it boasts of antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and antitumor properties. Therefore, using whey for obtaining new food products is promising: it allows you to use health-saving technologies, solve environmental issues related to the disposal of production waste, resource conservation, secondary use of dairy raw materials.

On the Development of the Draft Standard GOST R “Information Protection. Formal Access Control Model. Part 3. Recommendations on Development”

On the Development of the Draft Standard GOST R “Information Protection. Formal Access Control Model. Part 3. Recommendations on Development”

Трансформация признаков документа в электронной среде

The article deals with one of the main theoretical problems of document science related to the definition of document features. This problem is also of applied importance, since when formulating the definition of the concept of «document», it usually reflects its properties and features. In the context of the revision of the national terminological standard GOST R 7.0.8 – 2013. «Record keeping and archival business. Terms and definitions» it is advisable to turn once again to the question of the features of the document for their correct reflection in the concept of the term «document». The urgency of the problem is also due to the fact that these signs should be universal for both paper and electronic documents. In document science, the material carrier of the document and its form are traditionally considered as features of the document. As for the material carrier of the document, its use as a feature of the document was due to the need for physical isolation of the recorded information for the purpose of subsequent processing, transmission and storage. The material carrier acted primarily as an object that allows you to select a document from among others, and ensures its integrity. With the advent of electronic documents, this condition has ceased to be observed. Electronic media, which is generally understood as a technical device. Moreover, the features of recording information on this type of media allow you to transmit information without transferring the media, so the electronic media is fundamentally different. In this regard, it is not advisable to use it to identify a specific document as an object in an electronic environment. In this connection, the feature of the document "material carrier" in the electronic environment ceases to be essential, one of the main external features of the document. At the same time, its second external feature is preserved – a form that ensures the integrity of the document within the framework of its use in the interaction of subjects of public relations. However, it also undergoes some transformation, since in the electronic environment it ceases to reflect information about the management process, some of the document details are contained as information in the information system. These changes related to the features of the document in the electronic environment force us to turn to the search for new features, as well as to revise from a scientific point of view the definition of the concept of «document», which would reflect the common essential characteristics of the traditional document and the document in the electronic environment, primarily related to the social functions that the document performs in society.

Obtainment activated carbon by processing plum stones and using them in industrial wastewater purification

The article describes the technological features of the obtaining process of an import-substituting adsorbent with high adsorption properties from local raw materials, massively grown in our republic, waste plum stone, as well as the indicators of wastewater treatment from a pesticide and mineral fertilizer workshop. These adsorbents are intended for wastewater treatment from industrial enterprises. The research methods were carried out based on samples presented in the literature and standard GOST indicators. According to the results, carbon activated with steam at a temperature of 800 °C showed its effectiveness with higher adsorption properties compared to samples activated with acid and alkali. Therefore, this sample was used to purify wastewater from a pesticide and mineral fertilizer workshop. In conclusion, we can say that after thermal pyrolysis and steam treatment, the release of the elements O2 and Si from the plum pit leads to an increase in the amount of C and higher adsorption properties of the resulting activated carbon.

МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ РЕЦЕПТУРЫ ПАШТЕТА С ВВЕДЕНИЕМ БЕЛКОВОЙ ДОБАВКИ И ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ЕГО ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ КАЧЕСТВА

As various food and technological additives are used in the formulations of meat products, it is relevant to develop a pâté formulation with a protein additive that increases functional and technological indicators. The novelty of the research is obtaining scientifically based pâté recipes that include a new type of protein additive, a protein hydrolysate. The study aims to modify a pâté recipe by introducing a protein additive, protein hydrolysate Optipep, and examine its quality indicators. The functional and technological indicators of the protein hydrolysate (water-holding, fat-holding and fat-emulsifying capacity) were determined; pâté recipes were obtained by modeling in Microsoft Excel; the organoleptic and physical and chemical parameters in the finished pâté samples were determined using the conventional methods; the calculation method was used to assess the yield of finished pâté. The protein hydrolysate has high functional and technological indicators: water-holding capacity – 282 %, fat-holding capacity – 202.4 %, fat-emulsifying capacity – 52.5 %. The protein hydrolysate increases the moisture content: 79.1 % was observed in the sample with 0.5 % protein hydrolysate, 78.9 % in the sample with 1.5 % protein hydrolysate, 77.8 % in the control. Introduction of the additive increased the yield: 93.8 % in the sample with 0.5 % protein hydrolysate, 96.5 % in the sample with 1.5 % protein hydrolysate, 88.4 % in the control. The high moisture content has an effect on the pâté consistency which becomes softer and more spreadable. Also, all pâté samples with the protein hydrolysate demonstrate a higher nutritional value. The pâté samples are meat products of category A according to national standard GOST R 55334-2012 “Meat and meat-containing pâté. Technical conditions”. Thus, protein hydrolysate is an excellent technological additive and can be used in emulsion products to improve their quality characteristics.

Formation of microstructure in rail steel grinding balls depending on quenching medium parameters

Studies of the formation of microstructure of grinding balls from the rejects of rail steel were carried out during their quenching in various polymer media. At the first stage, based on studies of the cooling capacity of solutions of polymers PCM and Thermovit with varying concentrations and temperatures, the authors constructed the cooling curves of grinding balls made of K76F rail steel. It was found that at concentration of these polymers in an aqueous solution of 2 and 4 %, cooling rate of grinding balls made of K76F steel is almost identical at solution temperatures of 20 and 30 °C and significantly decreases when the temperature of the polymer solution increases to 40 °C. At the same time, the most noticeable decrease in the cooling rate is characteristic of PCM polymer with its concentration at the level of 2 %. At the second stage, the authors carried out metallographic studies of the microstructure of grinding balls made of K76F rail steel, which were quenched in laboratory conditions using polymers PCM and Thermovit with concentrations of 2 – 4 % and temperature of 20 – 40 °C. As a result, it was determined that the use of the PCM solution for quenching balls provides a significantly higher quality of microstructure and hardness of heat-treated balls compared to the use of the Thermovit polymer. At the same time, varying the concentration and temperature of the PCM polymer quenching medium allows one to obtain grinding balls with different performance characteristics that determine the potential areas of their application. Thus, quenching of balls in a solution of the specified polymer with concentration of 2 % and temperature of 20 – 30 °C ensures the production of balls with high hardness (corresponding to the IV hardness group according to the state standard GOST 7524 – 2015), and the use of a solution of the same polymer with concentration of 4 % and temperature of 20 – 30 °С for quenching creates the possibility of producing balls with lower hardness, but potentially high impact resistance.