Standard Class Research Articles

Morphometry and morphology of fish otoliths on the coast of the state of Maranhão, Brazil.

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the biometric relationships between the species Bagre bagre, Lutjanus synagris and Nebris microps and their otoliths. The relationship between the size of the otolith (length and weight) and the size of the fish (standard length and total weight) was determined using the linear regression model (y = a + bx). For the morphological description, the otoliths of three specimens were selected by standard length class (10mm). The morphological characters analyzed were chosen according to traditional literature. Three hundred eight specimens of B. bagre, 200 of L. synagris and 237 of N. microps were analyzed. Throughout the collection period, the source of the capture of individuals was the municipality of Raposa. The linear correlations for fish and otolith length for B. bagre were 0.9129 and 0.9652, respectively. For L. synagris, the coefficients were 0.8634 and 0.8672, while for N. microps, 0.9597 and 0.8636, respectively. The morphological classification of L. synagris and N. microps is of the Saggita type, and the B. bagre species is of the Lapillus type. From the data presented here, it is possible to observe that otolith morphometric and morphological data can serve as a parameter to estimate the relationship between the fish and the otolith in terms of its biomass and the length of an individual and a population.

Assessing the Efficacy of Sport-Based Physical Education on Children's Activity Behaviors: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Children from low-income and racial/ethnic minority backgrounds are more prone to insufficient physical activity and heightened sedentary behaviors. This study aims to increase moderate to vigorous physical activity and decrease sedentary behaviors among high-risk children through an inclusive and transformative sport skill development physical education (PE) intervention. Elementary school-aged children were recruited from 3 public schools located in underserved communities in Houston, TX. Classrooms were randomly assigned to a sport-based PE class (intervention, 12 classrooms, n = 124) or a standard PE class (control, 13 classrooms, n = 133). The intervention was implemented at school by teachers over 10weeks, whereas at home, the intervention group received equipment, virtual classes, and parent trainings. Activity behaviors were assessed using accelerometry (ActiGraph GT3X+) at baseline and post intervention. Multilevel linear mixed-effects models were conducted to examine changes in activity behaviors between the study conditions. Participants were 9.33 (0.68)years old, and 46% were females, who identified as either Hispanic/Latino (48%) and/or Black (38%). The difference in minutes of weekend sedentary behavior change was 32minutes between study conditions (P = .012). Specifically, intervention girls decreased weekend sedentary behavior by 37minutes, whereas girls in the control condition increased by 8minutes (P < .01). Despite the direction of change in overall, weekday, or weekend moderate to vigorous physical activity and overall or weekday sedentary behaviors in favor of the intervention, these effects did not reach the statistically significant level compared to the control condition. Sport-based PE intervention can be an important strategy to decrease child sedentary behaviors during out-of-school periods, particularly among girls.

Effects of Extensive Reading Programme on Primary School Pupils’ Achievement in Reading Comprehension in Mangu LGA, Plateau State

This study sets out with the objectives to investigate the effects of extensive reading programme (ERP) on primary school pupils’ achievement in reading comprehension in Mangu LGA, Plateau State. Two sets of primary four pupils from different schools were used as experimental and control groups respectively. The population consisted of 215 pupils from two Public Primary Schools, Quasi-experimental research design was adopted to conduct the research using the non-equivalent control groups on the basis of using intact group. All conditions were similar in each group on reading comprehension with emphasis on vocabulary development, grammatical structure and the three comprehension approaches. Two instruments were use: the Standard story book and class Achievement Test (CAT) which was administered to the pupils’ before and after the treatment. Data collected were analyzed using the mean scores, standard deviation and t-test for independent sample. The results indicated that the experimental group performed significantly mean difference over the control group in their post-test in the area of vocabulary development, grammatical structure and the three comprehension approaches. It was therefore recommended that extensive reading should be considered an inevitable programme in the Public Primary Schools to improve their reading culture habit. Supplementary reading materials should be made available aside from the prescribed texts in all Public Primary Schools. Extensive reading programme was also recommended to be made compulsory on the school time table in order to ameliorate the reading challenges pupils have in Plateau state.

ALFABETIZAÇÃO DE ESTUDANTES CEGOS: O QUE REVELA A PRODUÇÃO PERIÓDICA NACIONAL?

ABSTRACT: This review article catalogs and analyzes Brazilian scientific articles on blind people's literacy. To this end, we carried out a systematic search by subject on the Portal de Periódicos of the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). As a corpus for analysis, we found only seven national scientific articles published between 2007 and 2022 in different journals, without any identifiable patterns regarding their insertion, frequency, and bibliographic dissemination. Amongst them, only three are indexed in the Scielo database. The articles, in short, show the relevance of Braille for blind learners' initial learning of reading and writing. However, their samples present limited and reduced data, mainly due to the small number of blind participants. The space-time of the inclusive standard class was absent from the articles, which mainly dealt with institutions or specialized contexts. In addition, the authors' research contexts and institutions are concentrated in the Brazilian Southeast-South regions. Furthermore, theoretical-methodological insufficiencies persist in scientific research communication. Therefore, we recommend new and broader studies exploring the interfaces between literacy and blindness in Brazil, with the dissemination of their results in scientific journals.

New formulas of convolved Pell polynomials

&lt;abstract&gt;&lt;p&gt;The article investigates a class of polynomials known as convolved Pell polynomials. This class generalizes the standard class of Pell polynomials. New formulas related to convolved Pell polynomials are established. These formulas may be useful in different applications, in particular in numerical analysis. New expressions are derived for the high-order derivatives of these polynomials, both in terms of their original polynomials and in terms of various well-known polynomials. As special cases, connection formulas linking the convolved Pell polynomials with some other polynomials can be deduced. The new moments formula of the convolved Pell polynomials that involves a terminating hypergeometric function of the unit argument is given. Then, some reduced specific moment formulas are deduced based on the reduction formulas of some hypergeometric functions. Some applications, including new specific definite and weighted definite integrals, are deduced based on some of the developed formulas. Finally, a matrix approach for this kind of polynomial is presented.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/abstract&gt;

A Study on Variants of Status Unequal Coloring in Graphs and Its Properties

Let be a simple connected graph with vertex set and edge set . The status of a vertex is defined as ∑q≠pd(p, q). A subset of is called a status unequal dominating set (stu‐dominating set) of ; for every , there exists p in such that p and q are adjacent and st(p) ≠ st(q). Among the most admired, extensively explored, and extensively discussed topics in the field of graph theory is graph coloring. This article recommends a new research study on the topic of incorporating stu‐dominating set with coloring. Diverse coloring variants can be found in literature, some of which serve as inspiration is chromatic number, dominator coloring, color class domination, and colorful dominating sets. A novel study on the topic of incorporating stu‐dominating set with coloring is suggested in this article. The stu‐chromatic number, stu‐dominator coloring, stu‐color class domination, and colorful stu‐domination have thus been explored and investigated. For each parameter introduced, the minimum cardinality of certain standard classes of graphs, bounds, and characterization results was explored.

A Conceptual Approach to Harbor Object Detection: The Potential of 3D-LiDAR-based Sensor Fusion for High Precision ENC

In the advancing era of autonomous maritime navigation, the precision of Electronic Nautical Charts (ENCs) is critical. This study conceptualizes a framework to validate and rectify ENCs nearly in real-time, leveraging high-resolution 3D LiDAR, DGPS, and IMU data. The approach of this study includes a domain-specific point cloud filtering, object segmentation, classification in compliance with the S-101 standard classes and a georeferencing strategy. By comparing identified objects against ENC data, this study pinpoints discrepancies and augments the ENCs with up-to-date object information. An evaluation through field tests is proposed, complemented by Traffic Sequence Charts and reference calibration via Realtime Kinematic GPS, ensuring practical relevance of our framework to real-world conditions. The contribution of this paper lies in offering a comprehensive solution for ENC refinement, thereby facilitating safer autonomous navigation by verifying that ENCs are reflective of current environmental conditions.

대학생의 표준 인식 및 활용 수준에 관한 연구

As global competition intensifies, the pace of technological innovation rapidly accelerates, and demand for new markets increases, standards are emerging as a key tool not only in the national economy and industry, but also in corporate management. Particularly, as the 4th Industrial Revolution, where convergence is a keyword, becomes a hot topic, the importance of standards is being further emphasized. Standards are work for companies, countries, and local communities based on the integrated results of science, technology, and experience. Since the end users of standards are general consumers, general consumers' awareness of the standards is important.&#x0D; Recognizing the importance of standards, the world's major advanced countries have been working to cultivate manpower to respond, and the government of the Republic of Korea also recognized the importance of the role of standards in the national economy and has been working to foster standards experts. Especially, it has been revealed that the university standardization course, which began in 2004 with the purpose of cultivating standard manpower required by the industry, has contributed greatly to improving college students' awareness of standards.&#x0D; Accordingly, in this study, Survey on students at a university in Seoul where standardization courses are being offered was done regarding their awareness of standards and their importance, and their level of standards knowledge. According to the analysis results, college students' awareness of standards and their importance, and the level of standards knowledge appear to be somewhat high. In particular, standard knowledge was shown to be very high with an average score of 8.7 points, and these results showed that the difference was significant depending on whether or not students took standards class. That is, it can be judged that the standards class had a positive effect on these results. However, compared to the awareness of standards and their importance and the level of standards knowledge, the degree of use of standards was found to be somewhat low. Therefore, it is necessary to add contents and activities for utilizing standards in future standards class.

Challenges Of Standard Inpatient Class Policy In Indonesia:

The standard inpatient class policy in Indonesia has been stated in legislation since 2021 with twelve criteria and must be fully met by December 2024. This study aims to get an overview of the readiness of hospitals in Indonesia to meet the policy and an overview of the community's perspective in responding to standard inpatient classes. Scoping Review with Arksey and O'Malley and Beyond's approach. Online article search on Scopus, Science Direct, SpringerLink, garuda, and Google Scholar, published in 2020-2023, articles published in English and Indonesian, with search keywords: 'kris' or 'jk' or 'bpjs and kesehatan' or 'bpjs and health' or 'inpatient and room' or 'health and policy and jkn', in October 2023 and carried out Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flow diagram. Hospitals in Indonesia studied in 2022 are not ready, but hospital research in 2023 states that they are ready to carry out Standard Inpatient Classes (KRIS). The community as patients and consumers in the use of health services from the Social Security Organizing Agency (BPJS) Health provides support in the implementation of Standard Inpatient Classes. Meanwhile, from the legality aspect, there is a discrepancy in regulations from the highest to its derivatives, there is even no clarity on legal sanctions if the Hospital does not meet the criteria for the Standard Inpatient Class according to the specified time limit

Evaluation of fracture resistance of teeth with Class II Mesio-Occluso- Distal cavities restored by three different esthetic restorative materials: An In-vitro study

Aim - The aim of present investigation was to assess fracture resistance of teeth with Class II Mesio-Occluso-Distal (MOD) cavities filled with Microhybrid composite, Nanohybrid composite and Cention-N. Materials and Methods - 40 extracted maxillary premolars were kept in 0.1% thymol solution for 7 days, then subsequently in normal saline until use. All specimens were embedded 2mm below Cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) in self cure acrylic resin molds. They were then arbitrarily divided in 4 groups, each with 10 specimens (n=10). Group 1 consisted of intact teeth (Control group), whereas Group 2,3 and 4 contained prepared teeth with standardized class II MOD cavities filled with Microhybrid composite, Nanohybrid composite and Cention-N respectively. All the specimens were finished using composite finishing &amp; polishing kit and were stored in 100% humidity at 37℃ for 24 hours. Each specimen was subjected to Fracture resistance (N) under Universal Testing Machine. Data collected was subjected to One-way analysis of variance and then subsequently to Tukey’s post-hoc test. Differences in groups were considered significant at p ≤ 0.05. Results - The results showed that Cention-N exhibited highest fracture resistance whereas Microhybrid composite had least fracture resistance when compared to other restorative groups. Conclusion - It can be inferred that Cention-N can be preferred for restoration of Class II MOD cavities in maxillary premolars over Nanohybrid composite or Microhybrid composite. Keywords - Cention-N, fracture resistance, Mesio-Occluso-Distal cavities, Microhybrid composite, Nanohybrid composite, Universal testing machine

Spatial identification of lost-and-found carbon hotspots at Javanese rice systems, Indonesia

CONTEXTAgricultural landscapes play a crucial role in global carbon sequestration and biodiversity conservation. The presence of trees outside forests has been recognized as a significant carbon pool, but it is crucial to acknowledge that these trees serve purposes beyond being a carbon sink. This study focuses on integrating border trees and home gardens as distinct land use classes in Indonesian Javanese agricultural land to assess their impact on carbon stock potential and biodiversity connections. OBJECTIVEThe objective is to classify and quantify the tree composition of these classes, estimate their carbon stock potential, analyze plant species diversity, and identify the ecological connections between home gardens and field borders. METHODSTo achieve this, high-resolution multispectral and Synthetic Aperture Radar images were used from four sampling areas covering 100 km2 each in Lamongan and Malang districts, East Java, Indonesia, for land cover/land use mapping. The land use function method was used to identify border trees and home gardens as separate land use classes. Carbon stock potential was estimated based on tree cover composition, while plant species diversity was analyzed through field surveys and farmer focus group discussions. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONSCrops with border trees cover approximately 28% to 48% of the cropland area in the study sites, while home gardens represent about 74% to 85% of the settlement area. This suggests a potential to double tree presence in these sites by adopting border trees and home gardens practices across the entire area. The median tree cover ratio was around 27% for border trees and 33% for home gardens. This stratification approach identified 31% to 50% more carbon stock compared to calculations using standard classes. Furthermore, home gardens and border trees show a positive correlation with species richness, indicating their role as keepers of biodiversity. Therefore, home gardens and border trees could serve as a sustainability indicator for agricultural land in the Javanese farm system. SIGNIFICANCEThis research contributes to sustainable agricultural practices and climate change mitigation. The stratification approach of identifying border trees and home gardens offers a cost-effective approach for the better computation of carbon stock and can lead to effective land use policies and conservation measures that promote ecological resilience. The study provides valuable insights for similar agricultural contexts worldwide, guiding efforts toward a more sustainable agricultural future.

A novel lapping method for ultraprecision cylindrical rollers based on precision evolution

The geometrical precision of cylindrical rollers is a crucial factor influencing the rotation accuracy of the cylindrical roller bearing and limits of the rotation speed, load bearing capacity and serving life of the bearings. A novel lapping method with a circulating system for batch machining of ultraprecision cylindrical rollers is presented based on the principle of precision evolution. The variations of roller diameter and roundness are improved due to the effect of selective material removal. That is, more material is removed at the convex position for a single roller, and also for the balls with larger diameters, because higher stress concentrated in these areas will lead to plastic deformation and failure. Self-rotation of the rollers was realized by the application of electromagnetic force. Batch lapping of cylindrical rollers was carried out on a newly developed lapping system for approximately 500 rollers. After lapping 90 cycles, the variation of roller diameter for the randomly selected ten rollers, roundness and surface roughness were 0.76 µm, 0.4 µm and 14.93 nm, respectively. Additionally, the variation of roller diameter of 100 randomly selected rollers was 0.97 µm. This geometrical accuracy is higher than that of the highest standard class G1. This method realized the machining of ultraprecision rollers without size sorting and provided a solution for machining rollers with higher diameter consistency than that of the normal industrial manufacturing method. Based on the principle of precision evolution, this work provides a novel machining approach for batch machining of high precision cylindrical rollers.

Characterization and Outcomes of Spanish Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma Included in the LocoMMotion Study

BackgroundDespite advances in treatments for multiple myeloma (MM), most patients relapse and become refractory to standard drug classes including immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs), proteasome inhibitors (PIs), and anti-CD38 antibodies. The LocoMMotion study showed poor clinical outcomes in triple-class exposed patients with relapsed/refractory MM (RRMM) treated with real-world clinical practice (RWCP) therapy. Here, we report efficacy outcomes for Spanish patients receiving RWCP treatments in the LocoMMotion study compared with the full cohort. Patients and MethodsThe prospective, noninterventional, multinational LocoMMotion study (NCT04035226) enrolled 248 patients who had received ≥ 3 prior lines of therapy (LOT), including a PI, an IMiD, and an anti-CD38 antibody, with disease progression during or after their last LOT. The primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR). Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). ResultsSpanish patients (n = 24) had received a median of 4 prior LOT (range, 2-7). At 29.2 months median follow-up, patients had received 14 different treatment regimens used in RWCP during the study. Efficacy outcomes were consistent between the Spanish cohort and overall study population. The ORR was 29.2% (95% CI, 12.6%-51.1%). Median PFS and OS were 4.6 months (95% CI, 1.2-6.3) and 11.6 months (95% CI, 6.4-24.5), respectively. ConclusionSpanish patients from the LocoMMotion study demonstrated poor outcomes in response to RWCP treatments consistent with those of the overall study population, highlighting the need for access to new and effective therapies for patients with RRMM in Spain and globally.

Water quality and fish health in the upper asahan river in supporting the sustainability of fish resources

This research aims to analyze condition of the aquatic environment from the physical and chemical aspects of the waters and analyze the health of fish in supporting the sustainability of fish resources in the upper part of the Asahan River. Sampling was carried out by purposive sampling method at nine stations obtained in situ and secondary data. The results showed that in general the quality of the waters upstream of the Asahan River was below the second class of river water quality standard. However, it is necessary to monitor regularly the parameters of ammonia and oil content in the waters of the Asahan River so as not to exceed the second class of river water quality standard, because this had implications for the development of the parasite population of Alitropus sp. In addition, the emergence of a population of fish lice (Alitropus sp.) has also caused many fish that used to inhabit the upper reaches of the Asahan River, there is only one species, namely Asa Fish (Osteochillus vittatus) and freshwater lobster (Cherax quadricarinatus). Several physical and chemical parameters of the waters have a positive effect on the development of the Alitropus typus parasite, including temperature, brightness, ammonia and pH.

Multi‐channel segmentation allows simultaneous estimation of classic tissue compartments, WMH and enlarged perivascular spaces

AbstractBackgroundLarge neuroimaging studies like ADNI‐4 now include T1‐weighted, T2‐weighted and FLAIR images at isotropic1mm resolution for investigation of both neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular disease. These three input types allow segmentation of GM, WM, DeepGM, WMH, and CSF compartments. Additionally, this supports automated assessment of enlarged perivascular spaces (PVS). Our objective was to propose a unified framework for segmentation of intracranial classes and PVS while reducing human effort.MethodFLAIR and T2‐weighted images are aligned to the T1‐weighted image.. Standard SPM12 unified segmentation using all three input images establishes deformations between subject and template space and bias field corrections. Extended tissue priors including deep GM are deformed into subject space. Adding mean intensities from high probability deep GM voxels as seeds and using the extended prior set, segmentation is re‐started, refining model parameters, deformations and bias‐field estimates. The procedure repeats, adding a WMH channel, resulting in a segmentation including GM, WM, CSF, deep GM, WMH and nuisance classes. Frangi filters are applied to the T1‐ and T2‐ weighted images. Filter response images are smoothed, averaged, masked and inserted in place of the CSF prior. Probability maps of vessel‐like shapes with CSF‐like contrast are estimated to identify PVS. Visual grading was also performed for comparison.ResultThe method was applied to 300 participants. Visual quality control found two instances of poor WMH over‐segmentation. Perivascular space maps were all visually reasonable. Standard segmentation classes were visibly superior to single T1‐based segmentation. Figures 1,2 present examples. Pearson correlations of PVS fractional volume with multiple human raters’ PVS counts in CSO/CR was over 0.7 in a subset of 125 participants (Figure 3).ConclusionModern dementia protocols include high‐resolution T1‐weighted, T2‐weighted, and FLAIR images that can be used together as inputs to extend probabilistic segmentation adding deep grey and WMH classes with automated PVS assessment.

Multi‐channel segmentation allows simultaneous estimation of classic tissue compartments, WMH and enlarged perivascular spaces

AbstractBackgroundLarge neuroimaging studies like ADNI‐4 now include T1‐weighted, T2‐weighted and FLAIR images at isotropic1mm resolution for investigation of both neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular disease. These three input types allow segmentation of GM, WM, DeepGM, WMH, and CSF compartments. Additionally, this supports automated assessment of enlarged perivascular spaces (PVS). Our objective was to propose a unified framework for segmentation of intracranial classes and PVS while reducing human effort.MethodsFLAIR and T2‐weighted images are aligned to the T1‐weighted image.. Standard SPM12 unified segmentation using all three input images establishes deformations between subject and template space and bias field corrections. Extended tissue priors including deep GM are deformed into subject space. Adding mean intensities from high probability deep GM voxels as seeds and using the extended prior set, segmentation is re‐started, refining model parameters, deformations and bias‐field estimates. The procedure repeats, adding a WMH channel, resulting in a segmentation including GM, WM, CSF, deep GM, WMH and nuisance classes. Frangi filters are applied to the T1‐ and T2‐ weighted images. Filter response images are smoothed, averaged, masked and inserted in place of the CSF prior. Probability maps of vessel‐like shapes with CSF‐like contrast are estimated to identify PVS. Visual grading was also performed for comparison.ResultsThe method was applied to 300 participants. Visual quality control found two instances of poor WMH over‐segmentation. Perivascular space maps were all visually reasonable. Standard segmentation classes were visibly superior to single T1‐based segmentation. Figures 1,2 present examples. Pearson correlations of PVS fractional volume with multiple human raters’ PVS counts in CSO/CR was over 0.7 in a subset of 125 participants (Figure 3).ConclusionModern dementia protocols include high‐resolution T1‐weighted, T2‐weighted, and FLAIR images that can be used together as inputs to extend probabilistic segmentation adding deep grey and WMH classes with automated PVS assessment.

Identification of freshwater microbiota and physicochemical analysis of water Waduk Lhok Batee Jeumpa

Biota components can provide an overview of the physical, chemical and biological conditions of a waters. One biota that can be used as a biological parameter in determining the condition of a waters is biota. Changes in the quality of water and its living substrate greatly affect the abundance and diversity of biota. The aim of this study was to identify fresh water microbiota and physicochemical analysis of water in the Lhok Batee Jeumpa Reservoir. The research method used is a combination of qualitative and quantitative research. Based on the research results, there are 13 types of Plankton consisting of 12 families in the Lhok Batee Reservoir. Plankton diversity is included in the low category with a diversity index of 0.4296. Dissolved Oxygen (DO) levels obtained the lowest value in sample 2-A of 4.70 mg/L and the highest value in samples 1-B, 4-B and 5-A of 5.20 mg/L, according to the standard quality Class 2 (4 mg/L). Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) levels obtained the lowest value in sample 5-A of 1.00 mg/L and the highest value in sample 3-A of 12.50 mg/L, in accordance with Class 2 quality standards (3 mg/ L). Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) levels obtained the lowest value in sample 1-B of 20.22 mg/L and the highest value in sample 5-B of 84.76 mg/L, according to Class 2 quality standards (25 mg/L).

한국어 교사의 문화 수업 전문성 향상을 위한 연구

This study investigates the perceptions and needs of dispatched overseas Korean language teachers for Korean culture classes and presents specific action plans to improve Korean culture class expertise. As a result of reorganizing and cross-analyzing PCK in the cultural area, 93.6% of teacher said that it was more difficult than language classes, regardless of education, experience, and qualification level. In addition, it can be seen that cultural classes are perceived as difficult in terms of both content knowledge and method knowledge. A re-education plan is needed to obtain and revise and supplement process knowledge through specific cultural class model education, participation in standard culture class design, and bottom-up reflection process. In addition, to improve teachers practical knowledge by sharing the cultural class model which is developed through sharing process knowledge between teachers.

Medical Physics Topics as an Anchor for Physics Learning

Students taking introductory courses in physics at the secondary and university level may benefit from the inclusion of medical physics topics, a growing field related to biophysics that includes radiation therapy physics, medical imaging physics, nuclear medicine, and health physics. Both standard physics classes for physics and engineering students, as well as physics courses for students interested in the life sciences may take advantage of the applied and immediately applicable nature of medical physics topics. Integrating medical physics as examples of physics topics stimulates learning as relevant and connected to students’ prior knowledge and interests, develops problem solving skills, engages students with concepts involving ethical and social implications of science and technology, and introduces students to a potential career opportunity. Examples of medical physics topics are discussed. Physics educators are encouraged to consider integrating some examples from medical physics into their curricula to spur student engagement and to acquaint students with one example of a rewarding career opportunity in physics.

The Construction of a Grammatical System for Japanese Linguistics in the Context of Big Data

Abstract This paper first outlines the concept of teaching Japanese grammar according to the Japanese language talent cultivation standard and the current dilemma in teaching Japanese language in colleges and universities. Secondly, on the basis of big data technology, considering the effective availability of the initial data of Japanese grammar, it is necessary to preprocess the language grammar learning data and, at the same time, according to the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, determine the Japanese grammar evaluation affiliation function. Then, for the problem of an incomplete and inaccurate traditional fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, they proposed to construct a comprehensive evaluation model of the Japanese linguistics grammar system based on the bat algorithm and carried out research and analysis on the Japanese linguistics grammar system. The results show that on the evaluation model, the comprehensive evaluation score of the Japanese language grammar system is C=2.65, which belongs to the E2 level. On the statistical analysis, the mean value of all the scores of the concise class was higher than that of the standard Japanese class, and all of them showed significant differences (p=0.002, 0.000, and 0.047, all less than 0.05).