Stages Of Implementation Research Articles

Implementasi Permainan Tradisional Batok Kelapa Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Koordinasi Gerak dan Keseimbangan Tubuh

This research aims to improve the movement coordination and body balance abilities of class 1C students at SDN Pakis 1 Surabaya through the implementation of the traditional coconut shell game. This Classroom Action Research (PTK) was carried out in two cycles, each consisting of planning, action implementation, observation, and reflection stages. The results showed a significant improvement in students' motor skills. At pre-cycle, only 25% of students achieved the expected skills. After implementing the coconut shell game, the percentage of students who completed it increased to 42.86% in the first cycle and 82.14% in the second cycle. This increase indicates that the traditional coconut shell game is an effective method in developing students' movement coordination and body balance skills and providing a fun and active learning experience.

Upaya Meningkatkan Kebugaran Jasmani Melalui Pendekatan Permainan Tradisional Kelas X-3 SMA Negeri 1 Gedangan Sidoarjo

This study examines the low interest of class X-3 students at SMAN 1 Sidoarjo in physical fitness activities. The aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of traditional game-based learning methods in improving students' physical fitness. The research uses an action approach with stages of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The sample consists of 36 students from class X-3 SMAN 1 Sidoarjo who were observed during the pre-cycle, cycle 1, and cycle 2. Data was collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, then analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively using percentages. Research findings indicate an improvement in student learning outcomes after the implementation of traditional game-based learning methods in cycles I and II. This suggests that the approach is effective in increasing the level of physical fitness and student participation in physical education activities.

Peran Mahasiswa dalam Kuliah Kerja Nyata di Kampung Mandopi Rimom Kabupaten Manokwari Provinsi Papua Barat

Community Service Program (CSP) is a form of manifestation of community service that is in line with the demands and realization of the Tridharma of Higher Education. It is hoped that through CSP, students will be able to utilize knowledge, analyze community conditions, and provide solutions to various problems (social, economic, health, and education) in villages especially. The CSP implementation method consists of 4 stages, namely the initial stage (literature study, location survey, and interviews), the planning stage, the implementation stage, and the monitoring and evaluation stage. The CSP activity which took place in Mandopi Rimom Village, Manokwari Regency was carried out for 36 days (24 June - 8 August 2022) involving 1 field supervisor and 9 students from different study programs. A total of 35 work/activity programs (wp) have been successfully implemented involving participation and cooperation from village residents, school officials, posyandu officers, district health services, and the LPPM of Papua University. The work programs cover 8 areas of activity, namely village administration (7 wp), education (5 wp), health (5 wp), environment (10 wp), religion (2 wp), agriculture (2 wp), animal husbandry (2 wp) and socio-cultural economics (2 wp). The KKN seminar was held on the 35th day to present the results of the activities as well as get appreciation and suggestions as recommendations for implementing KKN in the next period. The results of the work program, activity documentation, obstacles, and suggestions/recommendations are then prepared in the form of a report to be submitted to the university's LLPM.

Penerapan Permainan Tradisional Untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi dalam Pembelajaran PJOK Kelas XI-3 SMAN 1 Gedangan Sidoarjo

This study focuses on the low learning motivation among students in class XI-3 at SMAN 1 Gedangan. The aim of this research is to gather information and investigate the effect of implementing traditional games to enhance motivation in PJOK learning for class XI-3 at SMAN 1 Gedangan, Sidoarjo. The stages of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection of the action research project were followed in this study. Thirty-six students from class XI-3 at SMAN 1 Gedangan participated in this research. The researcher used a questionnaire that was distributed during a pre-test before the treatment and a post-test after the treatment to draw conclusions. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25 with five formulas applied: mean, standard deviation, variance, normality test (chi-square), and percentage increase. Based on the data analysis conducted, it was found that the implementation of traditional games has an effect on students' learning motivation in Physical Education, Sports, and Health in class XI-3. This is evidenced by the analysis results showing a sig value of 0.00, which is less than 0.05, leading to the rejection of H0 and acceptance of Ha. The effect size of implementing traditional games in enhancing learning motivation is 30%.

Development of Digital Phonology Teaching Materials Using Shadowing Techniques for Korean BIPA Learners

This research aims to produce digital phonology teaching materials using the shadowing technique to improve the pronunciation skills of basic-level Korean BIPA learners. The research method employed Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE development model, which includes the stages of Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. Data collection techniques involved needs analysis by interviewing BIPA learners and instructors, then conducting pronunciation tests on Korean BIPA learners to identify pronunciation challenges and specific needs for material development. Based on this analysis, the digital teaching materials were designed and developed, then validated by media experts, material experts, and BIPA practitioners. Data analysis techniques in this research included quantitative and qualitative methods. The result showed that the development of digital phonology teaching materials with shadowing techniques for Korean BIPA learners was effective in improving Indonesian pronunciation skills. The evaluation results showed that this teaching material received a very positive response from teachers and learners, with feasibility test scores of 98% and 94% respectively, as well as expert validation that supported the quality of the teaching material. Thus, this digital teaching material not only meets the expected standards, but also offers concrete solutions to the pronunciation challenges faced by Korean BIPA learners, and is ready to be used to improve the effectiveness of Indonesian pronunciation learning.

Penerapan Manajemen Layanan Karir di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri

Career service management is a critical element in helping students plan their futures. This research aims to explore and understand career service management at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri in Sleman, focusing on the stages of planning, implementation, and evaluation of career programs. Additionally, this study examines the factors that influence students’ career goal-setting, including the roles of parents, teachers, and industry partnerships. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed, with data collected through field observations and structured interviews with the school principal, vice-principals, career guidance counselors, and several students. The results indicate that career service management at MAN Sleman is conducted systematically through collaboration between the school, parents, and external partners such as industry professionals. Parental support and guidance from career counselors significantly affect students in choosing careers that align with their interests and abilities. Career programs, including workshops, industrial visits, and individual counseling, were successfully implemented, although some challenges remain in the evaluation process, particularly regarding students' anxiety in career decision-making. This research contributes to the development of more effective career services in schools and serves as a reference for other institutions seeking to improve their career services to better meet students’ needs.

Upaya Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Peserta Didik melalui Media Pembelajaran Komik dalam Pembelajaran Pjok

This research uses the Classroom Action Research (CAR) method with a cyclical approach to increase student learning motivation in Physical Education, Sports and Health (PJOK) subjects. This research was conducted in two cycles, each consisting of planning, implementation, observation and reflection stages. In Cycle I, the average student learning motivation was 44.05%, while in Cycle II it increased significantly to 74.68%, with an increase of 30.63%. This increase shows positive changes in students' interest and enthusiasm for learning. The research results showed that the use of "comic media" during learning in Cycle II was effective in stimulating students' interest and motivation. This increase in motivation also indicates the success of the emphasis on more interesting and participatory learning. These findings illustrate the positive impact of the improvement efforts made in Cycle II in creating a better learning environment. This research provides a positive view regarding the use of the PTK method with a cycle approach and the implementation of "comic media" in increasing students' learning motivation in PJOK subjects. The implications of these findings emphasize the importance of innovative approaches to learning to achieve more optimal results.

استخدام الكتيب الجيبي لمادة اللغة العربية في تحسين مهارة القراءة لطلاب الصف السابع في مدرسة بستان العلوم الإعدادية الإسلامية

This study aims to examine the use of Arabic language pocket books in improving the qiro'ah (reading) skills of seventh grade students at MTs Swasta Bustanul Ulum. This research uses the Classroom Action Research (PTK) method. This Classroom Action Research (PTK) model was carried out with 2 cycles consisting of four stages of activity, namely the planning stage, the implementation stage, the observation/observation stage and the reflection stage. Data collection techniques in this study include tests and observations. While the instruments in this study were in the form of test question sheets and student learning observation sheets. The data analysis technique used quantitative data analysis techniques and qualitative data. The results showed that the average student activity and ability of qiro'ah learning outcomes of VII grade students of MTs Swasta Bustanul Ulum in learning Chapter 6 with the material من يوميات الأسرة, with the use of pocket books of Arabic language subjects in the first cycle observation obtained the average activity of qiro'ah ability based on student learning outcomes is 42% (less active) and has increased in Cycle II which is 76% (active). In this case it can be proven that there is an increase in percentage from cycle I and cycle II by 34% and from the previous results which were classified in the less active category in cycle I to the active category in cycle II. For learning outcomes in the post-test cycle I, the average completeness obtained was 60% as many as 12 students who exceeded the KKM, in cycle II the average post-test completeness was 80% as many as 16 students who exceeded the KKM. The average post-test completeness in cycle II has exceeded 5% of the 75% success indicator. In this case it can be proven that there is an increase in percentage from cycle I and cycle II which is 20%. So it can be concluded that the use of pocket book media in Arabic language subjects can increase the activity and ability of qiro'ah based on the learning outcomes of VII grade students of MTs Swasta Bustanul Ulum.

Analisis Penerapan Sistem dan Prosedur Akuntansi dalam Pengelolaan Dana Desa

This research aims to analyze the application of accounting systems and procedures in managing Village funds. This research was conducted in Geliting village, Kewapante District, Sikka Regency. This research data was obtained from several data collection techniques, namely through observation and interviews. The results of this research indicate that the accounting system and procedures in managing village funds in Geliting Village are in accordance with Permendagri No. 113 of 2014 which includes: (1) In the planning stage, the Geliting village government involves the community to play an active role in the village fund planning process. (2) In the implementation stage, the village government carries out all programs mutually agreed between village officials and the community which prioritizes community needs. (3) The administration stage, in the form of recording transactions, both receipts and expenditures, in the general cash book, tax assistant cash book and bank cash book. (4) Reporting stage, in the form of submitting a report on budget realization which is carried out in two stages. (5) Accountability stage, in the form of the obligation of the village government to be accountable for budget realization reports to the central district government. However, at the reporting stage in the form of submitting reports on budget realization, delays often occur for several years.

Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar

This research was motivated by the low learning outcomes of class IV students at SD Negeri Bulakrejo 03 Sukoharjo on the learning content of Pancasila Education with material on the application of Pancasila in social life. The aim of this research is to find out the results of improving learning outcomes by implementing the PBL (Problem Based Learning) learning model in elementary schools. The subjects of this research were fourth grade students at SD Negeri Bulakrejo 03 Sukoharjo with a total of 30 students. This research uses classroom action research procedures consisting of planning, implementation, observation and reflection stages. Data collection techniques in this research used observation, tests and documentation. The criteria for assessing success in this material are 70 from 1-100 points in accordance with the criteria for completing the minimum PPKn lesson content. The research results show that the application of the PBL (Problem Based Learning) learning model can improve PPKn learning outcomes. At the pre-cycle stage the average student score was 65.25; in cycle I with a value of 75,60; and in cycle II it increased to 81.93. The use of the PBL (Problem Based Learning) learning model has been proven to improve student learning outcomes.

PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA KARTU KATA BERGAMBAR UNTUK KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA PERMULAAN PADA PESERTA KELAS 1 SDN 05 PULAU PUNJUNG

This research is motivated by the problem of students who have not memorized letters, and distinguishing between letters that have the same shape, students still have difficulty spelling letters and are also less fluent in reading. The aim of this research is to produce picture word card learning media that is valid, practical and effective. The type of research used is development research or Research and Development (R&D) using the ADDIE development model which consists of 5 stages, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stage ( evaluation). The results of the validity of the picture word card media were validated by 3 validators, namely material expert validation obtained a result of 92.5% categorized as very valid, language expert validation obtained a result of 93.75% categorized as very valid, media expert validation obtained a result of 90% categorized as very valid, validation The teaching module obtained a result of 93.33% categorized as very valid, validation of the teaching module by the teacher obtained a result of 100% categorized as very valid. The results of the practicality of the picture word card media through the teacher response questionnaire by class 1 teachers obtained a result of 100% categorized as very practical, while through the student response questionnaire an average result of 96.27% was categorized as very practical. The effectiveness results obtained from the learning test results of primary school students obtained an average of 89.47%, categorized as very effective.

Analysis of students' computational thinking skills in solving algebraic problems in cultural contexts

This research aims to find out about students' computational thinking abilities in solving algebraic problems in cultural contests. This research is qualitative research carried out at Yogyakarta Middle School. The participants involved were 31 students in the even semester of grade 7. The data sources in this research were the results of students' computational thinking tests, interviews with students who were selected based on their communication skills and the results of test answers. Data instrument testing uses validity and reliability tests with data validity using triangulation techniques. Data analysis in this study used the pullulation technique between student test results and student interview results, then data reduction, data categorization, power display and conclusion drawing were carried out. The results of this research are that students in the high category can complete all indicators of computational thinking and problem-solving abilities. Students in the medium category can only complete two indicators of computational thinking and problem-solving abilities. Students in the low category have not been able to complete all indicators of computational thinking and problem-solving abilities. The study reveals a significant variance in the computational thinking abilities among junior high school students in Piyungan Development class VIII when solving algebra problems within a cultural context. High-achieving students demonstrated proficiency across all indicators of computational thinking, effectively navigating through various stages from abstraction to solution verification. In contrast, students categorized as moderate showed partial success, managing only a subset of the indicators, while struggling with the more complex stages of problem decomposition and implementation. Meanwhile, students classified in the low category were unable to achieve any indicators of computational thinking and problem-solving skills. This indicates a clear need for targeted educational interventions to enhance computational thinking among students, particularly those who are struggling, to ensure all students can develop the necessary skills to solve problems effectively.

Innovative local authority public health interventions to support the mental health of children and young people

PurposeMental health champions (MHCs) and young health ambassadors (YHAs) are two innovative public health interventions. MHCs are practitioners who work in schools and other youth settings and aim to be the “go to” person for mental health in these settings. YHAs are a linked parallel network of young people, who champion mental health and advocate for youth involvement, which was co-produced with young people across all stages of development implementation. This paper aims to identify the potential benefits, barriers and facilitators of these interventions.Design/methodology/approachSemi-structured qualitative interviews (n = 19) were undertaken with a purposive sample of n = 13 MHCs, and n = 6 YHAs, between June 2021 and March 2022. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, anonymised and then analysed following a thematic approach. Ethical approval was granted by Newcastle University’s Faculty of Medical Sciences Ethics Committee.FindingsThe findings are organised under five key themes: motivating factors and rewards for MHCs and YHAs; outcomes for children and young people (CYP) and others; impact on youth settings and culture; facilitators of successful implementation; and implementation challenges and opportunities.Practical implicationsThese findings are intended to be of relevance to practice and policy, particularly to those exploring the design, commissioning or implementation of similar novel and low-cost interventions, which aim to improve mental health outcomes for CYP, within the context of youth settings.Originality/valueThe interventions reported on in the present paper are novel and innovative. Little research has previously been undertaken to explore similar approaches, and the individual experiences of those involved in the delivery of these types of interventions.

Cost-benefit analysis of implementing a solar powered water pumping system – A case study

Solar-powered water driving scheme (SPWDS) has been successfully employed as a practical solution to guarantee reliable water supply in various hilly regions without electrical infrastructure. The Water Supply Systems / Schemes (WSS) focus on using pumping systems for delivering potable water to the community but face practical difficulties and financial hurdles at different implementation stages. These challenges encompass the practical complexities, the absence of non-renewable energy sources, and ongoing expenses for consumable and non-consumable items incurred during the water project's execution and maintenance. The present research study evaluates the performance of four water supply systems in Nepal which use solar energy as their primary power source. The key performance indicators are assessed, including the functionality index for facility distribution. Additionally, the research aims to evaluate the feasibility of transitioning from non-renewable to sustainable renewable energy source to achieve net zero energy consumption. This evaluation concentrates explicitly on calculating the cost-effectiveness index as a key metric. A proportional analysis is undertaken to evaluate the cost-benefit of the SPWDS, considering both the potential advantages and challenges associated with these initiatives. The present study affirms the technical feasibility and economic viability of operating a WSS using renewable and eco-friendly solar energy as the power source. This finding opens avenues for reducing energy consumption and contributes significantly to developing a policy framework to for tapping solar energy.

MENINGKATKAN KESADARAN LINGKUNGAN MELALUI PUBLIC SPEAKING BAGI SISWA SMAN 7 BEKASI

Increasing environmental awareness and maintaining environmental sustainability is one of the goals in sustainable development. This needs to be conveyed to students so that they understand the importance of preserving the environment and are able to convey effective and persuasive messages to others through public speaking. Students as a young generation who can create positive changes need to have public speaking skills to communicate this real action. The purpose of this activity is to increase environmental awareness and educate students about environmental issues and improve public speaking skills as an effort to convey environmental messages to others and the wider community. This activity was carried out at SMAN 7 Bekasi City with 40 students participating. PkM activities are carried out through three parts, namely preparation, implementation and evaluation. In the implementation stage, students were given material about the importance of increasing environmental awareness and how to convey environmental communication to others through public speaking so that students are able and brave to convey environmental messages well. The results of the activity show that students have more in-depth knowledge about environmental communication, how to maintain and preserve the environment and are able to compose interesting environmental messages through public speaking to convey environmental messages to the wider community. This is known from the results of the activity evaluation. Evaluation activities are carried out to ensure participants have deeper knowledge about environmental conservation and are able to compose interesting environmental messages through public speaking. Students conveyed the need for further activities on environmental communication and public speaking training so that students as a young generation have high environmental awareness and have good public speaking skills. This Community Service activity is able to increase environmental awareness and be able to provide public speaking skills to students, which will be used in conveying environmental messages.

Increasing Community Creativity Through Ecoprint Training In Dempelrejo Village

Nowadays, people's use of plastic bags is increasing, especially in the domestic environment. Even though plastic waste is an item that is difficult to decompose naturally. This service seeks to understand the problems that exist in society in the form of the large amount of plastic waste. This service is part of community service. Namely in the form of ecoprint training whose products can be a substitute for plastic bags in everyday life. Service activities take the form of ecoprint training using community education and observation methods. The subject of this service is women in Dempelrejo Village. This activity uses tote bags and leaves around the house as the main materials. The stages of this service activity include: 1. Initial planning and assessment, starting from identifying and observing the conditions of the Dempelrejo community to determining the advantages and disadvantages as well as the objectives of the ecoprint training. 2. Preparation stage, providing equipment, materials and implementation location. 3. Implementation stage, explaining the techniques on how to have leaves, hitting the leaves, and soaking the totebag. The aim of the ecoprint training activity is to provide education to the Dempelrejo community to reduce the community's tendency to replace plastic bags with environmentally friendly tote bags. Apart from that, ecoprint products can be used many times to meet household needs. Moreover, the materials used in making ecoprints are materials that are easily accessible. This dedication emphasizes the importance of loving and protecting nature from the dangers of plastic waste which threatens the environment.

A Machine Learning Framework for Condition-Based Maintenance of Marine Diesel Engines: A Case Study

The development of artificial intelligence-based tools is having a big impact on industry. In this context, the maintenance operations of important assets and industrial resources are changing, both from a theoretical and a practical perspective. Namely, conventional maintenance reacts to faults and breakdowns as they occur or schedules the necessary inspections of systems and their parts at fixed times by using statistics on component failures, but this can be improved by a predictive maintenance based on the real component’s health status, which is inspected by appropriate sensors. In this way, maintenance time and costs are saved. Improvements can be achieved even in the marine industry, in which complex ship propulsion systems are produced for operation in many different scenarios. In more detail, data-driven models, through machine learning (ML) algorithms, generate the expected values of monitored variables for comparison with real measurements on the asset, for a diagnosis based on the difference between expectations and observations. The first step towards realization of predictive maintenance is choosing the ML algorithm. This selection is often not the consequence of an in-depth analysis of the different algorithms available in the literature. For that reason, here the authors propose a framework to support an initial implementation stage of predictive maintenance based on a benchmarking of the most suitable ML algorithms. The comparison is tested to predict failures of the oil circuit in a diesel marine engine as a case study. The algorithms are compared by considering not only the mean squared error between the algorithm predictions and the data, but also the response time, which is a crucial variable for maintenance. The results clearly indicate the framework well supports predictive maintenance and the prediction error and running time are appropriate variables to choose the most suitable ML algorithm for prediction. Moreover, the proposed framework can be used to test different algorithms, on the basis of more performance indexes, and to apply predictive maintenance to other engine components.

Early-stage implementation of peer-led interventions for emergency department patients with substance use disorder: Findings from a formative qualitative evaluation

IntroductionEmergency department (ED)-based peer recovery coach (PRC) programs can improve access to substance use disorder treatment (SUD) for ED patients. As literature on early stages of PRC implementation is limited, we conducted a qualitative assessment of ED PRC program implementation from several US-based PRC programs focusing on barriers and facilitators for implementation and providing recommendations based on the findings. MethodsWe collected qualitative data from 39 key informants (peer recovery coaches, PRC program managers, ED physicians and staff, representatives of community-based organizations) via 6 focus groups and 21 interviews in February–December 2023. We transcribed audio-recordings and analyzed data using codebook thematic analysis. ResultsWe identified the following major themes related to specific barriers and recommendations to address them. To facilitate timely linkage to PRCs, programs would regularly inform ED staff about the program and its linkage procedures, establish trust between PRC and ED staff, streamline the linkage procedures, and choose an “opt-out” linkage approach. To address barriers related to external referrals, programs use “warm handoff” and “warm line” strategies, maintain and update a comprehensive catalog of resources, and familiarize peer coaches with local service providers. Telehealth services implementation requires addressing logistical barriers, ensuring patients' privacy, and training peer coaches on building trust and rapport online. Peer coaches' wellness and quality of services can be improved by limiting PRC's workload, prioritizing quality over quantity, facilitating self-, peer- and professional care to mitigate stress and burnout; and, importantly, by providing supportive supervision and training to peer coaches and advocating for PRC team as an equal partner in the ED settings. To facilitate PRC program adoption and sustainment program managers engage local communities and program champions, seek diverse sources of funding, and advocate for structural changes to accommodate recruitment and retention of peer recovery coaches. ConclusionsWe compiled a wealth of best practices used by PRC programs to address numerous implementation barriers and challenges. These recommendations are intended for PRC program planners, managers and champions, hospital leadership, and state and local public health agencies leading SUD epidemic response.

Peningkatan Hasil Belajar IPAS Materi Bumiku Sayang Bumiku Malang Melalui Pendekatan Berdiferensiasi Proses pada Peserta Didik Kelas V SDN Dukuh Kupang II Surabaya

This research aims to implement differentiated learning processes (Learning Styles) to improve learning outcomes in the IPAS subject on the topic "Bumiku Sayang Bumiku Malang" for fifth-grade students at SDN Dukuh Kupang II Surabaya. This research is a classroom action study that involves three differentiated learning styles: visual, audiovisual, and kinesthetic. The research was conducted at SDN Dukuh Kupang II Surabaya with the subjects being fifth-grade students, totaling 28 participants. This research is divided into two cycles (Cycle I and II), starting with the stages of planning, implementation, observation, evaluation, and reflection. The data collection techniques in this research use observation, interviews, documentation, and tests. The results of this study indicate an improvement in learning outcomes in IPAS on the topic "Bumiku Sayang Bumiku Malang" through differentiated process learning in the fifth grade at SDN Dukuh Kupang II Surabaya. In the initial pre-cycle activities, the percentage of student mastery was 35%, then in Cycle I it increased to 60%, and in Cycle II it rose again to 85%.

DEVELOPMENT OF STEM-BASED E-MODULES (SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND MATHEMATICS) ON CIRCULAR MOTION MATERIAL TO ENHANCE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS' CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS

This research aims to determine the feasibility of developing a STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) based e-mdoul on circular motion material to train Bengkulu City High School students' critical thinking skills. This research method uses R&D research with the ADDIE type. The instruments used were interviews, observations and needs analysis questionnaires. The results obtained were 81.07% with the category of strongly agreeing with the development of e-modules. The design of e-module learning media will be developed according to what has been prepared. At the development stage, the instrument used was an expert validation sheet with an average percentage of 87.42% categorized as very suitable for use. At the implementation stage, the instrument used was a student perception questionnaire with a percentage of 83.19% categorized as very good. Thus, it can be concluded that the development of e-module learning media based on STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) on circular motion material to train students' critical thinking skills is a very viable product.