Stage Of Project Research Articles

Perancangan Sistem Informasi Pengolahan Data Morbiditas Rawat Inap Guna Menunjang Tata Kelola Pelaporan Rawat Inap

Morbidity is a crucial aspect that must be reported regularly, specifically quarterly (RL4a). This study aims to support the governance of inpatient unit reporting, especially in the aspect of morbidity, and make it easier for medical record officers as system users to process morbidity data of inpatient unit patients into a report that is needed quickly, accurately, and efficiently. This research is qualitative, and data is collected using observation techniques. This research's system development method is the waterfall model, which is a consecutive development method analogous to a waterfall that flows across all project stages. Designing an inpatient morbidity data processing system to support inpatient reporting governance is described using a flow map, Context diagram, Data flow diagram, and Entity relationship diagram. Then, it was implemented into the website using Microsoft Visual Studio Code using the Hypertext Preprocessor, Javascript programming language, and supported by MySQL as a data store. This study results in a system that can quickly process the morbidity of inpatient units, make the extensive ten disease reports, and reduce user error. Therefore, the governance of inpatient reporting can run accurately and efficiently.

Know Your Tools: Neuroscience and Service Design

The early stages of service design projects are defined by empathy, awareness and a deep analysis of the context in which designers engage. Therefore, understanding our cognitive capacities (‘neuro-related tools’) enhances the ability to detect environmental cues, enriching the service design process, especially within innovative and creative explorations, to envision desirable futures.

Implementing Citizen Science Activities in Baltic University Libraries: On the Road to a Citizen Science Hub

The current article brings to the fore key results of the implementation of citizen science (CS) practices at universities and their libraries by focusing on five Baltic universities. It observes the improvement of skills and knowledge in the participating organisations. It examines the need and readiness for the institutional change necessary for implementing CS practices in the Baltics and the ways the participating organisations have improved in the field of CS during the LibOCS project (University libraries strengthening the academia-society connection through citizen science in the Baltics, 2022–2024). The study aims to determine to what extent the framework of the current project and the implementation of the BESPOC model (Broad Engagement in Science, Point of Contact) included in the project could act as a blueprint for other organisations wanting to implement institutional and policy changes to advance in the field of CS. These kinds of hubs or knowledge centres have already been established in some Central and Western European countries and it is necessary to create that kind of support system in the Baltic universities. The article is based on the interviews, surveys, and workshops held on the topics of CS advocacy and implementation of the BESPOC model at Baltic universities led by five university libraries (referred to here as LibOCS HEIs): Tallinn University of Technology (TalTech), University of Tartu (UT), University of Latvia (UL), Kaunas University of Technology (KTU), and Vytautas Magnus University (VMU). The article introduces the core aspects of the LibOCS project, describes the starting point of the participating organisations, and librarians, their level of knowledge about CS and its practices, and proceeds with the changes that took place during the five major project stages and their outputs. The article presents the knowledge growth of the participants, the tools and training materials created for librarians, the practical consultations and workshops that led to the implementation process of the BESPOC model. The more knowledgeable the librarians are, the easier it is to implement CS-related services and establish a central hub. As a result of the project, a positive shift towards the openness to CS activities and its support systems has been identified within participating libraries, and some elements of a single point of contact model are already in development. However, to fully adopt that approach, universities have to include CS in their strategies and allocate resources, entrusting the leader of the process with the work of creating a CS hub.

The development of 'Petanque match statistics': an android-based application for petanque matches analysis

The accelerated pace of technological advancement necessitates that many disciplines align themselves with these developments, whether directly engaged in the process or not. The field of sports provides an illustrative example of the profound impact of modern technology on various disciplines. This research aimed to develop an Android-based statistical application, designated "Petanque Match Statistic," which was designed to analyze Petanque matches. The research and development (R&D) methodology was employed to undertake six project stages. The application, constructed on the Kodular platform, offers real-time data capture, sophisticated statistical analysis, interactive visualization, and comprehensive performance reporting. The application was subjected to rigorous alpha and beta testing to ensure its accuracy, reliability, and usability. Following its deployment, user training and a support system were established. Continuous evaluation and user feedback facilitated ongoing improvements. The application significantly enhances match analysis, benefiting players, coaches, analysts, and fans by providing accurate, real-time data and comprehensive insights, thereby promoting the growth and development of the sport of petanque. Keywords: Android Application, Match Statistics, Statistical Analysis, Real-Time Data, Sports Technology

A digital tool for life cycle assessment in construction projects

The building and construction industry is responsible for around 40% of global greenhouse gas emissions, driving the urgent need for new regulations. As such, the life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology has become fundamental for evaluating environmental impacts. Despite the need for digital tools to support environmental performance evaluations, the lack of guidance on developing such tools hinders their implementation. This article presents an automated configuration approach to develop digital tools in construction, which facilitates the proactive comparison of design choices and reduces CO2 emissions. We demonstrate its application by implementing it at Heidelberg Materials Cement Sverige in Sweden. The results reveal that the LCA digital tool influences decision-making and efficiently quantifies global warming potential in the early project stages and reduces product-related CO2 emissions by up to 40%. Furthermore, the findings highlight greater accuracy in LCA calculations compared to current manual methods and quicker design iterations thanks to real-time information.

Rehabilitation of Heritage Buildings in Conflict Zones: A Case Study of Al-Khader Library in Gaza Strip and Its Impact on Sustainable Development

Rehabilitating heritage buildings is a common practice in developed countries. In contrast, developing countries experiencing conflict lack the financial support and qualified experts to restore heritage buildings. This article focuses on the restoration of the al-Khader building in the Gaza Strip, part of a UNESCO project aimed at preserving historical buildings. This study aims to explore the challenges and impacts of the adaptive reuse of the al-Khader building as a children’s library for the local community and to explore the impact of this project on sustainable development and its importance locally, as well as the role of this building restoration and rehabilitation through Quintuple Helix dimensions. Qualitative methodology was used, including field observation and interviews, to present the project stages during restoration in 2016. The interviews were conducted with library users, employees, and visitors to evaluate their experience in 2019. The research revealed that the restoration process faced several challenges, including a lack of experience and professional workers in conservation work. Despite challenges, the building’s transformation positively affected heritage preservation and the local community, aligning with 11 Sustainable Development Goals—directly with 7 goals (SDGs 4, 7, 8, 11, 12, 16, and 17) and indirectly with 4 goals (SDGs 1, 5, 9, and 13). The findings emphasise the role of the library’s rehabilitation in contributing to the success of the Quintuple Helix in economic and civil society systems and the need to enhance the consideration of government, education, and environmental systems. Finally, this project, which external donors funded, increased awareness among local people of the importance of heritage buildings. Unfortunately, due to the ongoing conflict in Gaza, the current status of the building is unknown. This study, therefore, serves as necessary documentation of the building as it was in 2023 and prior.

Risk Assessment of The Latifiya Expressway Segment Using a Proactive Approach

Road safety assessment is an essential step in the management of transportation projects. The proactive approach in the safety assessment considers the pre-construction stage to reduce the likelihood of road accidents. This research aims to assess the risk of road infrastructure in Iraq by applying the most recent methodology based on road features and supported traffic data. The selected methodology significantly contributes to enhancing a proactive approach to road safety and incorporating risk assessment in the planning and design stages of road projects. A segment of 15km from the beginning of the Latifiya expressway was selected for this study and assessed using the international road assessment program methodology. Data on road features and traffic were collected for this goal; where data on 38 aspects of road features is collected. The traffic data includes traffic volume and spot speed. Then these data were coded and processed using VIDA online web. The assessment results were presented for three road user groups: vehicle riders, pedestrians, and motorcyclists. The results showed that the assessed segment has a high-risk level; 1 to 3 stars for vehicle riders and 1 star for motorcyclists and pedestrians. Countermeasures were presented, and their efficiency was tested to raise the star rating for all road user groups to five stars.

Experiences from launching the bridge over Gottleuba‐valley (Gottleubatalbrücke)

AbstractThis article briefly describes the project background, timelines, structural data, actually achieved milestones and current stage of project of the bridge over Gottleubavalley in Pirna, Saxony, Germany. The bridge is being built using incremental launching method, the main challenges of the launching process are briefly described together with some learning points.The winning design from the architectural competition in 2006 proposed very slender (1 to 35 !) hybrid steel‐concrete semi‐integral frame crossing the 70m deep and 1000m wide valley with nine spans (92 – 116 – 120 – 120 – 124 – 108 – 92 – 76 m) with maximum span length of 124m. The paper describes the challenges the team faced during the preparation and launching of a very slender bridge deck with deflections up to 6m when touching down at the bridge pier. By the time of the venue, the incremental launching will be already finished, and the lowering works will be in progress.

POTENSI UMKM BATIK PARIJOTO KUDUS SEBAGAI PENDUKUNG EKONOMI GUNA MEWUJUDKAN SDGS MENUJU MEGATREND 2045

Indonesia is a country where UMKM are experiencing significant changes and it is estimated that in the next twenty years there will be major changes. This is proven by the number of global middle income classes which is predicted to increase by 4.9 billion by 2045. One area with a number of MSMEs that have entered the product projection stage is Kudus Regency, where out of thousands of MSMEs, 15 business actors can export abroad. According to the KBBI, megatrend means a big trend in style. In other words, a megatrend is a trend that has an impact on a large scale. Megatrend can also be interpreted as a major change in social, economic, political and technological aspects that is slow to form and after this change occurs, it can have an influence over a long period of time. The aim is to be able to prioritize digital economic transformation and be a reference for further research. This paper uses a qualitative method by taking a descriptive approach. At the data collection stage, the author collects various types of information related to the topics discussed through online platforms such as journals, books and papers, as well as other supporting data so that it is optimal if used as material for consideration. Then, the results of this research are as economic support, namely the Kudus Parijoto batik MSMEs trying to be present in building a quality next generation of the nation, especially preserving the sustainable local wisdom of the Kudus community. The following are several government actors who participate in supporting the economy of the Kudus community through Parijoto batik MSMEs, including the Ministry of Cooperatives, Small and Medium Enterprises, the Ministry of Industry, and the Ministry of Industry. The hope is that it will be able to improve the quality of human resources, thus helping them be more independent with the knowledge they have acquired and participate in boosting the economy of each family. Keywords: UMKM, Networking Management, SDG's

Agile Project Planning and Execution in Large-Scale IT Projects

Agile methods have changed project management, particularly for major IT projects. This abstract examines Agile project planning and execution in complex IT settings, where size and scope bring distinct problems. Traditional project management methods struggle to handle major IT projects' fast changes and complexity. Agile's focus on flexibility, collaboration, and customer-centricity makes it ideal for these situations due to its adaptability. Agile planning breaks complicated IT project needs into manageable components or iterations in large-scale initiatives. Iterative development keeps projects manageable and adaptable. Agile stresses frequent feedback loops, where each iteration is examined, to help teams change and realign their objectives. Large IT projects need ongoing feedback since mistakes may be costly and team alignment is essential. Cross-functional teams are crucial to Agile in big projects. Agile fosters cross-disciplinary cooperation, which is crucial in big IT environments where development, operations, security, and business teams must collaborate. Teams meet regularly, called'scrums,' to review progress, identify barriers, and plan future actions. With its focus on openness and responsibility, the scrum structure keeps team members aligned and the project on pace. Resource management is another important part of Agile project planning for big IT projects. Agile resource allocation is dynamic, unlike set schedules. Large IT projects, where resource demands vary fast, need this flexibility. Thus, agile techniques reduce waste and ensure teams have what they need at each project stage by optimizing resource utilization. Large Agile project execution involves risk management. Due to Agile's iterative structure, teams may regularly analyze risk and address problems before they become significant. Risks may be exacerbated in big IT projects, thus proactive risk management is crucial. Agile teams see risks as opportunities to improve, promoting continual learning and adaptability.

Analysis of the Cost of Footplate Foundation Work in the Construction of the Exit Gate and Cafeteria of Delta Surya Hospital, Sidoarjo District, Sidoarjo Regency

Cost is the main factor in a stage of a construction project that concerns the provision of funds that must be prepared by the project owner. Cost budgets have a crucial role in project implementation so they need to be taken into account to achieve efficiency and effectiveness in project implementation. In the cost analysis, a calculation of the unit price of wages, labor, materials and technical details of the work in detail has been determined for the planning of the total cost. The implementation of the construction of the Exit Gate and Cafeteria of Delta Surya Hospital is divided into several works, starting from preparatory work to finishing. Among these types of work, one of them is footplate foundation work which is further divided into sub-work or job description, namely excavation work, formwork work, ironing work, and casting work. Every work in a project requires cost planning or a Cost Budget Plan (RAB) with high precision to determine the amount of funds that must be provided in the work of a project to avoid losses for the parties involved. The discussion of this article will focus on cost analysis in the preparation of RAB which contains details of the cost of materials or materials, labor, equipment and overhead costs and a recapitulation of all costs for footplate foundation work by PT. Muliif Teknika Utama as a contractor from the description of the activity from the beginning to the end.

Finding the most potent compounds using active learning on molecular pairs.

Active learning allows algorithms to steer iterative experimentation to accelerate and de-risk molecular optimizations, but actively trained models might still exhibit poor performance during early project stages where the training data is limited and model exploitation might lead to analog identification with limited scaffold diversity. Here, we present ActiveDelta, an adaptive approach that leverages paired molecular representations to predict improvements from the current best training compound to prioritize further data acquisition. We apply the ActiveDelta concept to both graph-based deep (Chemprop) and tree-based (XGBoost) models during exploitative active learning for 99 Ki benchmarking datasets. We show that both ActiveDelta implementations excel at identifying more potent inhibitors compared to the standard exploitative active learning implementations of Chemprop, XGBoost, and Random Forest. The ActiveDelta approach is also able to identify more chemically diverse inhibitors in terms of their Murcko scaffolds. Finally, deep models such as Chemprop trained on data selected through ActiveDelta approaches can more accurately identify inhibitors in test data created through simulated time-splits. Overall, this study highlights the large potential for molecular pairing approaches to further improve popular active learning strategies in low data regimes by enabling faster and more accurate identification of more diverse molecular hits against critical drug targets.

Community‐based participatory research for urban regeneration: Bridging the dichotomies through the exp‐EIA method

AbstractUrban environment design profoundly influences citizens' health and well‐being. Despite the aim of urban regeneration initiatives to enhance community well‐being and social connections, they often struggle to ensure a balance of power among stakeholders, effectively involve citizens, and accurately assess subjective urban experiences. New methodological approaches in community‐based participatory research (CBPR) are advocated to facilitate interactions among social actors and overcome the digital versus real dichotomy. This article introduces the Experiential Environmental Impact Assessment (exp‐EIA) method as a novel research and intervention tool to address these challenges. Grounded in psychology, exp‐EIA aims to integrate emotional, cognitive, and community identity dimensions to capture the nuanced experiences of urban environments. Through digital data collection and visualization tools, exp‐EIA could facilitate participatory decision‐making processes across various stages of urban regeneration projects. Furthermore, its adaptability enables significant integration with existing participatory methods, fostering inclusive engagement and innovative design solutions. The theoretical framework of exp‐EIA, its application in CBPR, and its potential to bridge the gap between technological innovation and citizen engagement in urban regeneration processes are discussed. A blended case study conducted in the metropolitan area of Milan (Italy) is presented, highlighting a promising pathway towards more inclusive and effective approaches to community revitalization.

Engineering Features From Advanced Medical Technology Initiative Submissions to Enable Predictive Modeling for Proposal Success.

The U.S. Army Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center Advanced Medical Technology Initiative (AMTI) demonstrate key emerging technologies related to military medicine. AMTI invites researchers to submit proposals for short-term funding opportunities that support this goal. AMTI proposal selection is guided by a time-intensive peer review process, where proposals are rated on innovation, military relevance, metrics for success, and return on investment. Utilizing machine learning (ML) could assist in proposal evaluations by learning relationships between proposal performance and proposal features. This research explores the viability of artificial intelligence/ML for predicting proposal ratings given content-based proposal features. Although not meant to replace experts, a model-based approach to evaluating proposal quality could work alongside experts to provide a fast, minimally biased estimate of proposal performance. This article presents initial stages of a project aiming to use ML to prioritize research proposals. The initial steps included a literature review to identify potential features. Then, these features were extracted from a dataset consisting of past proposals submissions. The dataset includes 824 proposals submitted to the AMTI program from 2010 to 2022. The analysis will inform a discussion of anticipated next steps toward developing a ML model. The following features were created for future modeling: requested funds; word count by section; readability by section; citations and partners identified; and term frequency-inverse document frequency word vectors. This initial process identified the top ranked words (data, health, injury, device, treatment, technology, etc.) among the abstract, problem to be solved, military relevance, and metrics/outcomes text proposal fields. The analysis also evaluated the text fields for readability using the Flesch readability scale. Most proposals text fields were categorized as "college graduate," indicating a challenging readability level. Finally, citations and partners were reviewed as an indicator of proposal successfulness. This research was the first stage of a larger project to explore the use of ML to predict proposal ratings for the purpose of providing automated support to proposal reviewers and to reveal the preferences and values of AMTI proposal reviewers and other decision-makers. The result of this work will provide practical insights regarding the review process for the AMTI program. This will facilitate reduction in bias for AMTI innovators and a streamlined and subjective process for AMTI administrators, which benefits the military health system overall.

Incorporating density‐dependent regulation into impact assessments for seabirds

Abstract Many industries are required to perform population viability analysis (PVA) during the consenting process for new developments to establish potential impacts on protected populations. However, these assessments rarely account for density‐dependent regulation of demographic rates. Excluding density‐dependent regulation from PVA‐based impact assessments is often assumed to provide a maximum estimate of impact and therefore offer a precautionary approach to assessment. However, there is also concern that this practice may unnecessarily impede the development of important industries, such as offshore renewable energy. In this study, we assess density‐dependent regulation of breeding success in 31 populations of seabird. We then quantify the strength and form of this regulation using eight different formulations. Finally, we use PVA to examine how each formulation influences the recreation of observed dynamics (i.e. model validation), as well as the predicted absolute and relative population response to an extrinsic threat (i.e. model projection). We found evidence of both negative (n = 3) and positive (n = 5) regulation of seabird breeding success. In populations exhibiting negative regulation, excluding density‐dependent regulation from PVA‐based impact assessment allowed uncontrolled population growth, such that model outcomes became biologically implausible. By contrast, in populations exhibiting positive regulation, excluding density‐dependent regulation provided an appropriate reconstruction of observed dynamics, but population decline was underestimated in some populations. We find that multiple formulations of density dependence perform comparably at the detection, validation and projection stages of analysis. However, we tentatively recommend using a log‐linear or Weibull distribution to describe density‐dependent regulation of seabird breeding success in impact assessments to balance accuracy with caution. Finally, we show that relative PVA metrics of impact assessment cannot necessarily be used to overcome PVA misspecification by assuming density independence in positively regulated populations. Synthesis and applications: We suggest that a density‐dependent approach when performing PVA‐based assessments for seabird populations will prevent biologically unrealistic, unconstrained population growth and therefore ensure meaningful PVA metrics in populations experiencing negative regulation. It will also maintain a precautionary approach for populations experiencing positive regulation, crucial when estimating impacts for these more vulnerable populations. These conclusions have immediate international application within the consenting processes for marine industries.

Faktor Penyebab Contract Change Order pada Proyek Konstruksi Sumber Daya Air Padang Pariaman

Government infrastructure projects in water resources projects generally apply a unit price contract system. This is because implementing a unit price contract system is not difficult and is balanced in terms of sharing risks from contract changes between providers and users of construction services. In the unit price contract system, it is very possible for contract changes to occur on construction projects. Changes in the implementation of construction projects can occur repeatedly and are difficult to avoid. The aim of the research is to identify the factors that cause Contract Change Orders and the dominant factors that cause them during the implementation phase of construction projects in the water resources sector. The research was carried out by distributing questionnaires to respondents involved in water resources construction project work at the Padang Pariaman PUPR Service for the 2019 to 2021 budget year and then carrying out factor analysis. In research on the factors that cause Contract Change Orders to occur during the implementation phase of water resources construction projects in Padang Pariaman Regency, there are 4 factors that cause Contract Change Orders during the implementation phase of water resources construction projects, namely managerial factors, regulatory factors. from parties who have the authority to make decisions, planning factors, design change factors. The dominant factor that causes the Contract Change Order to occur during the implementation stage of a water resources construction project is the managerial factor.

Towards the use of virtual reality prototypes in architecture to collect user experiences: An assessment of the comparability of patient experiences in a virtual and a real ambulatory pathway

Virtual Reality (VR) enables the low-cost production of realistic prototypes of buildings at early stages of architectural projects. Such prototypes may be used to gather the experiences of future users and iterate early on in the design. However, it is essential to evaluate whether what is experienced within such VR prototypes corresponds to what will be experienced in reality. Here, we use an innovative method to compare the experiences of patients in a real building and in a virtual environment that plays the role of a prototype that could have been created by architects during the design phase. We first designed and implemented a VR environment replicating an existing ambulatory pathway. Then, we used micro-phenomenological interviews to collect the experiences of real patients in the VR environment (n=8), along with VR traces and first-person point of view videos, and in the real ambulatory pathway (n=8). We modeled and normalized the experiences, and compared them systematically. Results suggest that patients live comparable experiences along various experiential dimensions such as thought, emotion, sensation, social and sensory perceptions, and that VR prototypes may be adequate to assess issues with architectural design. This work opens unique perspectives towards involving patients in User-Centered Design in architecture, though challenges lie ahead in how to design VR prototypes from early blueprints of architects.

Native bee habitat restoration: key ecological considerations from recent North American literature

Habitat loss is a primary driver of global biodiversity decline, negatively impacting many species, including native bees. One approach to counteract the consequences of habitat loss is through restoration, which includes the transformation of degraded or damaged habitats to increase biodiversity. In this review, we survey bee habitat restoration literature over the last 14 years to provide insights into how best to promote bee diversity and abundance through the restoration of natural landscapes in North America. We highlight relevant questions and concepts to consider throughout the various stages of habitat restoration projects, categorizing them into pre-, during-, and post-restoration stages. We emphasize the importance of planning species- and site-specific strategies to support bees, including providing floral and non-floral resources and increasing nest site availability. Lastly, we underscore the significance of conducting evaluations and long-term monitoring following restoration efforts. By identifying effective restoration methods, success indicators, and areas for future research, our review presents a comprehensive framework that can guide land managers during this urgent time for bee habitat restoration.

Linear relationships between aboveground biomass and plant species diversity during the initial stage of degraded grassland restoration projects.

The relationship between aboveground biomass and plant diversity has been extensively examined to understand the role of biodiversity in ecosystem functions and services. Degraded grassland restoration projects can enhance carbon sequestration. However, the relationship between biomass and diversity remains one of the most actively debated topics regarding grassland ecosystems in degraded grassland restoration projects. We speculated that establishing the linear relationships between aboveground biomass and plant species diversity could contribute to enhancing the efficacy of degraded grassland restoration projects. This study sought to determine whether these relationships were linear during the initial stages of the restoration projects of degraded grasslands in Xing'an League, China. The investigations were based on an examination of seventy-six 1 × 1 m2 plots distributed among 15 areas in which the degraded grassland was at the initial stages of restoration. To quantify the species diversity of the degraded grassland communities, we used the species richness, Shannon-Wiener, inverse Simpson's reciprocal, and Pielou's evenness indices. Our analyses revealed that aboveground biomass had clear positive linear relationships with species richness during the initial stages of degraded grassland restoration. However, there were less pronounced associations with species diversity as assessed using the Shannon and inverse Simpson indices, based on regression models. Furthermore, weed biomass was found to have significant negative effects on species richness and Pielou's evenness. The weak linear relationship between aboveground biomass and species richness could be ascribed to an increase in weed biomass. We concluded that aboveground biomass and plant species diversity could be enhanced during the initial stages of degraded grassland restoration projects and suggest that the extent of weed biomass could serve as a key indicator of the efficacy of restoration from the perspective of plant species diversity and aboveground biomass in carbon sequestration projects.

Water Scarcity Effect on Kirkuk irrigation project

Abstract The Kirkuk irrigation project is very importance for the Kirkuk Governorate. The governorate has been significantly affected due to the water scarcity in Iraq. The shortage of the water can be attributed to various factors. The most important one related to influence of recent climatic changes on the water strategies implemented by neighboring nations sharing borders with Iraq. Moreover, Iraq is facing several challenges in the mismanagement of its water resources. The rise in population has led to a higher demand for water. This study examines various stages of the Kirkuk irrigation project, including the main channels and the feeding channel. Also, this study analyses the dams and projects established by Iran they have Indirect effect on project by cutting the feeding tributaries of dam which Kirkuk irrigation project mainly depended on it. Furthermore, this study explores the consequences of water scarcity on the agricultural output of Kirkuk proven. At the normal years of the project the annual discharge of the Kirkuk irrigation project was higher than they are currently. In 1996, the annual discharge for the Kirkuk irrigation project was 104.5 m3/second, and in 2023, t decreased to 30 m3/second. This reduction forced the farmers to excavate wells for irrigation purposes, and by the year 2023, the total number of wells in the Kirkuk had reached 291,480. the study explores the consequences of water scarcity on the agricultural output of Kirkuk project. Drought and water scarcity have decreased the annual share of individual water share, in 2003 the amount of water per capita was 2393.55 m3/year and decreased in 2021 until it became 758.42 m3/year.