ST Series Research Articles

АДАПТИВНОСТЬ НОВЫХ ПОДВОЕВ ЯБЛОНИ СЕРИИ СТ К СТРЕССАМ ЛЕТНЕГО ПЕРИОДА ВЕГЕТАЦИИ

Within the framework of the joint program of the FSBSI NCFSCHVW and the Stavropol experimental station of horticulture – Branch of Federal State Scientific Institution «North-Caucasian FNAC», for the breeding of apple tree rootstocks, hybrids of apple-tree rootstocks of the ST series were assessed in terms of their adaptability to the conditions of the summer vegetation period in the central subzone of the Prikuban horticultural zone (Krasnodar city). The resistance of apple rootstocks to the stresses was determined by the water content and water-holding capacity of the leaves, which characterize the ability of plants to maintain water homeostasis during stress. In the nursery of offspring rootstocks, the drought resistance of apple tree rootstocks was determined by the laboratory-field method during the period of the greatest intensity of the water regime of plants. The zoned rootstock MM-106 was used as a control. The leaves of rootstocks CT 20-2 and CT 18-2 retained water better, in which the water loss for 2 hours of exposure was 28.3 and 30.3 % compared to 34.7 % for the control rootstock MM-106. The high water-holding capacity of the ST 20-2 rootstock was previously noted in the dry August 2020 – water loss in 4 hours was 31.5 % compared to 53.0 % for rootstock MM-106. The most productive were trees of the Prikubanskoye variety on rootstocks SK 2U, ST 20-4, 106-3, ST 13-3. The best specific productivity for five years of fruiting was in trees on rootstocks SK 2U, SK 5 and ST 13-3 hybrid (5.28; 4.74 and 4.22 kg/m2 ). Selected and recommended f or participation in breeding programs as a source of drought resistance rootstock ST 20-2 (MM-106 x M 9) and as a source of tree productivity in the garden, rootstock ST 13-3 (rootstock 58-250 x free pollination).

Co-effects of global climatic dynamics and local climatic factors on scrub typhus in mainland China based on a nine-year time-frequency analysis

BackgroundScrub Typhus (ST) is a rickettsial disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi. The number of ST cases has been increasing in China during the past decades, which attracts great concerns of the public health. MethodsWe obtained monthly documented ST cases greater than 54 cases in 434 counties of China during 2012–2020. Spatiotemporal wavelet analysis was conducted to identify the ST clusters with similar pattern of the temporal variation and explore the association between ST variation and El Niño and La Niña events. Wavelet coherency analysis and partial wavelet coherency analysis was employed to further explore the co-effects of global and local climatic factors on ST. ResultsWavelet cluster analysis detected seven clusters in China, three of which are mainly distributed in Eastern China, while the other four clusters are located in the Southern China. Among the seven clusters, summer and autumn-winter peak of ST are the two main outbreak periods; while stable and fluctuated periodic feature of ST series was found at 12-month and 4-(or 6-) month according to the wavelet power spectra. Similarly, the three-character bands were also found in the associations between ST and El Niño and La Niña events, among which the 12-month period band showed weakest climate-ST association and the other two bands owned stronger association, indicating that the global climate dynamics may have short-term effects on the ST variations. Meanwhile, 12-month period band with strong association was found between the four local climatic factors (precipitation, pressure, relative humidity and temperature) and the ST variations. Further, partial wavelet coherency analysis suggested that global climatic dynamics dominate annual ST variations, while local climatic factors dominate the small periods. ConclusionThe ST variations are not directly attributable to the change in large-scale climate. The existence of these plausible climatic determinants stimulates the interests for more insights into the epidemiology of ST, which is important for devising prevention and early warning strategies.

Methods to stop bleeding in spleen injuries depending on the nature of its damage in the experiment

Objective . To substantiate and develop in the experimental conditions the methods of hemorrhage stopping in various wounds of the spleen depending on the nature and size of its damage. Material and methods : The experiments were carried out on 39 dogs. All operations were divided into 4 series. In the 1 st series models of the linear wounds of various length and depth were created; in the 2nd and 3rd — the models of the crushed and scalped wounds and the wounds after the planar and transverse resections; in the 4th series — the wound models after the splenic marginal and wedge resections. To close the presented wound models we used newly developed methods to stop bleeding. We used angiographic, physical, morphological and statistical methods of investigation at 1,3,5,7,14, 30, 90 days to assess their eff ectiveness. Results : The carried out researches have shown a good tightness of the investigated ways of the spleen wounds suturing. Morphological investigations at diff erent terms after the spleen operation revealed the absence of the signs of infl ammation and development of the secondary complications. There were no signs of the gastric fl ap rejection and blood oozing through its wall. Histological examination of the gastric fl ap revealed its good plastic and revascularizing properties. Conclusion : The developed ways of the bleeding stop have a reliable air-tightness that provides a reliable hemostasis and prevention of the development of secondary complications. The applied new principle of the wound closure depending on its size minimized using of both additional sutures and lining materials.

STUDIES OF THE ROLE FOR DIHYDROPYRIMIDINASE RELATED PROTEIN 2 IN FORMATION OF EPILEPTIC SEIZURES IN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL AND CLINICS

Article concerns results of the studies of the epileptic seizures carried out on the model of male rabbits of Chinchilla species and on the epileptic patients. In the 1 st series of studies after administration of 300 units of natrium penisillinum into the amygdala of the rabbits and induction of epileptic seizures blood samples were taken from them and with application of solid-phase indirect ELISA-test the level of dihydropyrimidinase-related protein 2 (DRP2) in the platelets and the level of anti-DRP2 autoantibodies in the serum were evaluated. During seizures downregulation of both DRP2 in the platelets (p<0.05), and anti-DRP2 autoantibodies in the serum (p<0.01) was revealed. In the 2 nd series of studies after achieving stable level of seizure activity in the rabbits, through cannula, earlier implanted into the brain lateral ventricle, DRP2 in a volume of 10 µL and concentration 0.7 mg/mL, in buffered saline solution (pH 7.3) was administered and 5 min later suppression of seizures was noted. In the 3 rd series of studies blood samples were taken from the veins of the patients having diagnosis of genuine epilepsy and with application of indirect ELISA- test the level of DRP2 in the platelets was measured and drastic, 3-fold upregulation of DRP2 (p<0.001) was revealed. The results presented in the article demonstrate prominent stabilizing role for serotonergic system and its sub-cellular signal proteins in regulation of excitation processes of brain cells and realization of inhibitory effects on formation of epileptic activity.

Studies of physicochemical characteristics of organoclay with carboxydecyltriethylammonium chloride ion

ABSTRACT This study used the soil representative of Taitung in Taiwan, Santai (St) series soil, as the catalyst carrier and exchanged arboxydecyltriethylammonium chloride (CDTEA) onto it through ion exchange, forming nano-level St-CDTEA organoclay via surface modification and high-temperature sintering. The physical and chemical properties of the St-CDTEA organoclay were then studied via a series of physical and chemical experiments.First, an analysis of the basic properties of St series soil shows that it does not have a high organic matter content because it is affected by either rainfall erosion or intensive farming, which causes a decrease in organic matter after it is consumed or lost. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis suggests that compared with the unmodified St series soil, C-H bonds are found between 2900 cm-1 and 2850 cm-1 and COOH bond around 1750 cm-1 in St-CDTEA organoclay. A field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) analysis shows the formation of a crystal structure on the surface of the St-CDTEA organoclay because St series soil contains a larger amount of smectite and the structure of the St-CDTEA organoclay absorbs a significant amount of CDTEA molecules (the molecular structure of CDTEA contains three ethyls) after high-temperature sintering.

Results of experimental modeling of postoperative peritoneal adhesions

Objective: Optimization of postoperative intraabdominal adhesions modeling. Material and methods. The objects of the study were 17 mature rats of the Wistar line of both sexes weighing 200–250 g. Experimental modeling of postoperative intraabdominal adhesions was carried out under aseptic conditions (the 1 st series, 11 animals) and in peritonitis conditions (the 2 nd series, 6 animals) . Results. We have used the Matoba score scale for the quantitative assessment of the adhesion process, as well as to analyze the models with the involvement of the cecum: the average score of the adhesion process in the 1 st group was 4.90 (3.00; 6.00), in the peritonitis conditions – 4.83 (2.00; 7.00). Formation of the intraperitoneal adhesion process was achieved in all experimental animals (100 %). Formation of adhesions between the cecum and the abdominal wall was noted in 66.7 % of cases. Conclusions. For the experimental reproduction of intraabdominal adhesions in aseptic conditions, it is advisable to use a method of simulation by abrasions of the serous cover of cecum with a cervical brush along the intestine till the appearance of spot hemorrhages in the form of “blood dew” and damage to the parietal peritoneum in the lower quadrants, which provides the development of adhesive intraabdominal process in all experimental animals. For experimental reproduction of intraabdominal adhesions in peritonitis it is expedient for 20 hours prior to the above-described method of modeling to complete an intraperitoneal injection of 2 ml of fecal suspension into a physiological solution of sodium chloride, which provides the development of an adhesive intra-abdominal process under conditions of fibrinous purulent peritonitis in all experimental animals. The obtained data allowed to consider the developed models to be adequate for further experimental research with the aim of studying intraabdominal prophylaxis of adhesion formation under conditions of infection and in aseptic conditions.

METABOLIC CORRECTION OF CEREBRAL DISORDERS IN ACUTE OBSTRUCTIVE CHOLESTASIS (EXPERIMENTAL STUDY)

Aim. To research cerebral functional and structural disorders in acute obstructive cholestasis and possibilities of their metabolic correction. Material and Methods. Acute obstructive cholestasis was simulated by common bile duct compression in 26 anesthetized dogs which were divided into three series. The first group included cholestasis dogs without treatment. In the second group common bile duct (CBD) was decompressed in 3 days postoperatively and 0.9% sodium chloride solution (20 ml / kg) was administered for 5 days. In the 3 rd group Mexidol® (6.5 mg / kg) and Cortexin® (10 mg / kg) were injected additionally after CBD decompression. In blood plasma and cerebral homogenate malondialdehyde (MDA) and catalase levels were determined. Brain tissue histological investigation was performed with 200x and 400x magnification. Results. In the 1 st series on the 10 th day MDA and catalase levels in cerebral homogenate were 4.1 times higher and 4.3 times lower than those in control animals. Structural changes were presented by perivascular and pericellular edema, reduction of capillary volume, vacuolization and atrophy of neurons. In the 2 nd series there were 2.15-fold and 1.2-fold decrease of MDA in systemic circulation and in cerebral tissue respectively. Catalase activity was increased up to 1.36 and 1.22 times (p > 0.05) accordingly. Cerebral structural disorders were the same. In the 3rd series there were 2.91-fold and 3.77-fold decrease of MDA in systemic circulation and in cerebral homogenate respectively in 10 days postoperatively. Catalase activity was increased up to 1.57 and 4.76 times (p < 0.001) accordingly. Structural normalization was accompanied by increase of microcirculatory volume, elimination of vacuolization and atrophy of neurons, reduction of cerebral edema. Conclusion. Mexidol® and Cortexin® reduce significantly the processes of free-radical oxidation in the brain and contributes to normalization of structural disorders.

Ischemia detection from morphological QRS angle changes

In this paper, an ischemia detector is presented based on the analysis of QRS-derived angles. The detector has been developed by modeling ischemic effects on the QRS angles as a gradual change with a certain transition time and assuming a Laplacian additive modeling error contaminating the angle series. Both standard and non-standard leads were used for analysis. Non-standard leads were obtained by applying the PCA technique over specific lead subsets to represent different potential locations of the ischemic zone. The performance of the proposed detector was tested over a population of 79 patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention in one of the major coronary arteries (LAD (n = 25), RCA (n = 16) and LCX (n = 38)). The best detection performance, obtained for standard ECG leads, was achieved in the LAD group with values of sensitivity and specificity of , , followed by the RCA group with , Sp = 94.4 and the LCX group with , , notably outperforming detection based on the ST series in all cases, with the same detector structure. The timing of the detected ischemic events ranged from 30 s up to 150 s (mean = 66.8 s) following the start of occlusion. We conclude that changes in the QRS angles can be used to detect acute myocardial ischemia.

Compression method of anastomosis of large intestines by implants with memory of shape: alternative to traditional sutures

Research objective. To prove experimentally the possibility of forming a compression colonic anastomoses using nickel-titanium devices in comparison with traditional methods of anastomosis. Materials and methods. In experimental studies the quality of the compression anastomosis of the colon in comparison with sutured and stapled anastomoses was performed. There were three experimental groups in mongrel dogs formed: in the 1 st series (n = 30) compression anastomoses nickel-titanium implants were formed; in the 2 nd (n = 25) – circular stapling anastomoses; in the 3 rd (n = 25) – ligature way to Mateshuk– Lambert. In the experiment the physical durability, elasticity, and biological tightness, morphogenesis colonic anastomoses were studied. Results. Optimal sizes of compression devices are 32 × 18 and 28 × 15 mm with a wire diameter of 2.2 mm, the force of winding compression was 740 ± 180 g/mm 2 . Compression suture has a higher physical durability compared to stapled (W = –33.0; p < 0.05) and sutured (W = –28.0; p < 0.05), higher elasticity (p < 0.05) in all terms of tests and biological tightness since 3 days (p < 0.001) after surgery. The regularities of morphogenesis colonic anastomoses allocated by 4 periods of the regeneration of intestinal suture. Conclusion. Obtained experimental data of the use of compression anastomosis of the colon by the nickel-titanium devices are the convincing arguments for their clinical application.

Timing of delayed perforation with the St. Jude Riata lead: A single-center experience and a review of the literature

Recent studies have reported a possible increased risk of delayed perforation with the St. Jude Riata defibrillator lead. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and time of occurrence of this complication in a large number of patients who underwent implantationm at a single center. We reviewed the data and clinical course on all patients who underwent implantation of the St. Jude Riata (1580/1581, 1590/1591, and the 7000/7001 ST series) right ventricular defibrillator lead at the Massachusetts General Hospital between June 2001 and October 2007. Data were compared with all Medtronic Sprint Fidelis leads implanted during the same time period. Of a total of 416 implanted Riata leads, follow-up data at 6 weeks and 3 months was available for 87% and 75% of patients, respectively. There were 6 cases of lead perforation (6 of 233, 2.6%) with the 1580/1581 series, no cases of lead perforation (0 of 92) with the 1590/1591 series, and 2 cases of perforation (2 of 92, 2.2%) with the 7000/7001 ST series. Interrogation the day after implantation did not reveal any abnormalities. Patients with perforation developed symptoms of chest pain or shortness of breath within 3 weeks post-implantation; interrogation revealed pacing thresholds of >5 V at 0.5 ms within the first follow-up period of 6 weeks. All cases of perforation with the St. Jude Riata lead occurred within 6 weeks post-implantation and showed pacing thresholds >5 V at 0.5 ms. There were no cases of delayed perforation after 6 weeks in 307 patients with at least 3 months of follow-up.

A new and distinctive male-sterile, female-fertile desynaptic mutant in soybean (Glycine max).

A spontaneous desynaptic mutation, affecting only microsporogenesis and causing pollen sterility, has been detected in BR97-12986H, a line of the official Brazilian soybean breeding program. In this male-sterile, female-fertile mutant, up to metaphase II, the meiotic behavior was similar to that described for the st series of synaptic mutants previously reported in soybean. Besides many univalents, few or total absence of bivalents were recorded in diakinesis. Bivalents presented one or two terminal chiasmata, while univalents retained the sister chromatid cohesion. Bivalents and most univalents congregated at the equatorial metaphase plate, although univalents frequently migrated to the poles prematurely. Laggards resulting from delay in chiasmata terminalization were also recorded. Distinctly different in their behavior from st series soybean mutants, telophase I-originated micronuclei of different sizes organized their own spindle in the second division. This behavior contributed towards an increase in genome fractionation. Several microspores and microcytes of different sizes were recorded at the end of meiosis. Pollen sterility was estimated at 91.2%. Segregation ratio for sterility in this line and its progenies reached 3:1. Allelism tests with st series of synaptic mutants are in progress. The importance of male-sterile, female-fertile mutations for soybean breeding programs is discussed.

An Asynaptic Mutation in Soybean(Glycine max(L.) Merrill) Associated with Total Absence of Sister Chromatid Cohesiveness.

A mutation affecting microsporogenesis and causing complete male sterility has been detected in line BR97-13777H from Embrapa National Soybean Research Center breeding program. In prophase I, the meiotic behavior of this mutant was similar to the synaptic mutants previously reported in soybeans. Many univalents and few bivalents were found in diakinesis. The main and distinctive characteristic of this mutant was the complete inability of univalents to congregate in the metaphase plate. Scattered in the cytoplasm, univalents underwent premature sister chromatid separation, so that 80 chromatids could be easily counted. Telophases II with a varied number of different-sized nuclei were observed. Pollen sterility was estimated at 93.12%. The inability of univalents to congregate at the equator made us classify it as asynaptic mutant. Its special characteristic related to precocious sister chromatids separation suggests that it is probably defective in proteins that promote sister chromatid cohesion. Segregation ratio for male sterility was 3:1 and shows that mutation, similar to other synaptic mutations previously reported in soybean, is associated with the homozygous condition of a single recessive gene. Allele tests with the st series of synaptic mutants are in progress.

The Wrath of Ahab; or, Herman Melville Meets Gene Roddenberry

Journal of American CultureVolume 20, Issue 1 p. 43-46 The Wrath of Ahab; or, Herman Melville Meets Gene Roddenberry Elizabeth Jane Wall Hinds, Elizabeth Jane Wall Hinds Department of English, University of Northern Colorado.Search for more papers by this author Elizabeth Jane Wall Hinds, Elizabeth Jane Wall Hinds Department of English, University of Northern Colorado.Search for more papers by this author First published: 04 June 2004 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1542-734X.1997.00043.xCitations: 1AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume20, Issue1Spring 1997Pages 43-46 RelatedInformation

Computer interface for electrophysiological applications: simple modifications to a commercial (Datel) single-board data-aquisition system.

Commercial single-board data-aquisition systems such as the Datel ST series, often lack a programmable sampling clock and multichannel sample and holds. These features are often vital to biophysical experiments where it is necessary to sample at precise intervals and/or change the sampling rate during an experiment. Additionally, when more than one signal is being sampled during the experiment, the delay between sampling of successive inputs may cause unacceptable phase errors. These phase errors, which are particularly serious for impedance measurements, may be eliminated by sampling both current and voltage simultaneously using two sample-and-hold devices. The way in which the programmable timer and multiple sample-and-holds may be implemented on a commercial interface board is demonstrated. Although the circuits described are specifically intended for the Datel ST-Nova interface, they may be readily adapted to function with the Datel ST series boards for other computers (such as the PDR-11 and LSI-11) as well as for many other commercially available systems.

HLA antigens: rabbit antisera reacting with all A series or all B series specificities.

Papain-solubilized HLA antigens giving only two bands of 34 000 mol.wt. and 11 000 mol.wt. by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) gel electrophoresis and isolated from the cultured human lymphoblastoid cell line RPMI 4265, have been used to prepare antisera in rabbits. Antisera were raised against soluble products of the A (or 1 st) series of HLA, bearing the determinant HLA-A2 (A2 substance), or against a mixture of products of the B (or 2nd) series of HLA, bearing the determinants HLA-B7 and HLA-B12 (B7-12 substances). Rabbit antisera to A2 substance reacted primarily with A2 substance on Ouchterlony analysis, showing an apparent spur of cross-reactivity with B7-12 substances. Rabbit antisera to B7-12 substances reacted primarily with B7-12 substances, giving a spur of cross-reactivity with the A2 material. Neither antiserum precipitated beta-2microglobulin. Both types of sera reacted with membrane molecules of 43 000 mol.wt. and 11 000 mol.wt. by immune precipitation and gel electrophoresis in SDS of detergent-solubilized radiolabeled membranes from cultured cell lines, as predicted for sera directed towards HLA antigens. F(ab')2 fragments of the antibodies blocked the complement-mediated cytotoxicity of all HLA alloantisera tested for human peripheral blood lymphocytes. After absorption with B7-12 substances, F(ab')2 fragments of antisera to A2 substance only blocked the cytotoxicity of HLA alloantisera to A series specificities. After absorption with A2 substance, F(ab')2 fragments of rabbit antisera to B7-12 substances only blocked the cytotoxicity of HLA alloantisera to B series specificities. The results prove the existence of shared antigenic determinants between all members of the same series. These findings support the genetic evidence that A series HLA antigens are allelic products of a single locus, while B series HLA antigens are allelic products of a separate locus, by establishing some invariance of structure, presumably amino acid sequence, between members of the same series. The apparent cross-reactivity between A2 substance and B7-12 substances, and the ability of the unabsorbed F(ab')2 preparations to block the cytotoxicity of all HLA alloantisera, suggests that some determinants are common to both HLA loci. This may be considered to support the hypothesis that the two loci arose by gene duplication.