St Monomer Research Articles

Highly Selective, Catalyst‐Free, and Low Temperature Depolymerizable Styrene Copolymer With Incorporated α‐Methylstyrene Structural Units

ABSTRACTA simple strategy is proposed to offer styrene (St) copolymer with intrinsic and catalyst‐free upcycling capability by incorporating α‐methylstyrene (AMS) units into the copolymer poly(AMS‐co‐St) (PAS). Compared to polystyrene (PS), the PAS is more susceptible to depolymerizing into St and AMS monomers with higher yields at relatively lower temperature. The yield of liquid chemicals of PAS‐4 (26.1 mol% AMS) is up to 93 wt% at 380°C, whereas that PS as control is 78 wt%. The reclaimed liquid chemicals of PAS‐4 contain 58.4 wt% St and 37.7 wt% AMS, while the chemicals of PS contain 81.8 wt% St and 4.1 wt% AMS. The introduction of AMS units in PAS leads to a reduction in the liquid chemicals other than St and AMS monomers. The blends of PS and PAMS do not demonstrate the synergistic effect regarding facilitating the PS depolymerization. In addition, the properties of the new PASs prepared with the reclaimed monomers are comparable with those of the virgin PASs. This work proves the concept that recycling efficiency could be boosted by incorporating liable structural units into the copolymer chains and demonstrates a closed‐loop of PS up‐cycling.

Versatile morphology transition of nano-assemblies via ultrasonics/microwave assisted aqueous polymerization-induced self-assembly based on host–guest interaction

Nano-assemblies have wide applications in biomedicine, functional coatings, Pickering emulsifiers, hydrogels, and so forth. The preparation of assemblies mainly utilizes the polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) method, which can produce high-concentration nanoscale assemblies in one step. However, the initiation processes of most reported PISA are limited to thermal initiation. Here, we reported two green and efficient methods for synthesizing nano-assemblies with various morphologies using ultrasound (20 kHz)/ microwave (500 W) assisted aqueous-phase RAFT-PISA in 3 h and 1 h. Cyclodextrin (CD) and styrene (St) nucleating monomer were complexed in a 1:1 ratio. Then, using Poly (ethylene glycol) methyl ether as the macromolecular reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) agent (PEG-CTA) to control the CD/St complexes, the conversion rate of St monomer was respectively 27 %–60 %, 20 %–30 % within 3 h and 1 h under ultrasonics/microwave assisted PISA. Results showed that the morphologies of the assemblies are not only related to the length of PS block, but also to the assistance types and the remaining monomer concentration. The results showed that only PEG45-b-PS90 and PEG45-b-PS241 assemblies prepared by ultrasonics assisted PISA form evolved lamellaes and vesicles (100 nm), which break through the limitation of kinetic freezing. But the ultrasonic reaction on morphology of assemblies is not all favourable. For one thing, it can promote the movement of particles; for another, it makes reverse morphology transformation and sphere is preferred morphology. Therefore, the main reason of morphology evolution is the remaining monomer concentration of PEG45-b-PS90 and PEG45-b-PS241 assemblies reaches to 55 %–65 %, which promoting the segment movement. The results showed that the morphology of the assemblies prepared by microwave assisted PISA changed from spherical micelles to short rods, and finally to vesicles (120–140 nm) as the length of hydrophobic PS block increases. The kinetic freezing problem was solved in microwave-assisted PISA due to the action of microwaves and more remaining monomer concentration. Both them can boost particles movement.

Effect of Repeat Unit’s Composition Ratio on the Properties of a Random Copolymer: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study

For thermosetting resins the degree of cross-linking plays a crucial role in the dielectric properties of the resin. In our previous works we confirmed this by simulating the relationship between the dielectric properties of poly(2-(4-benzocyclobutenyl)-divinylbenzene (DVB-S-BCB)) and the degree of cross-linking. In our research described here, we constructed a novel random copolymer with all-hydrocarbon structure based on poly(DVB-S-BCB) by introducing styrene (St) as the second polymerization monomer, thus controlling the number of cross-linking sites in the polymer. The effect of changes in St monomer content (number of cross-linking points) in the polymer chains, i.e. DVB-S-BCB and St, on the dielectric properties of the cured resins was investigated by molecular dynamics simulations. The simulation results showed that increasing the St monomer content in the copolymer, decreasing the cross-linking points, led to an increase in the dielectric constant of the cured resin, in addition to which the copolymer exhibited excellent thermo-mechanical properties. We also tested resin samples prepared by the experimental method and compared them with the simulated data, confirming the reliability of the results within acceptable error limits.

Investigation on polymer design to enhance dissolution inhibition effects of photochemical acid generators for hexafluoroisopropylalcohol‐containing polystyrene in non‐chemically amplified resists

AbstractThis paper presents the origin and mechanism of a dissolution inhibition effect of a photochemical acid generator (PAG) for a non‐chemically amplified resist based on hexafluoroisopropylalcohol (HFA)‐containing styrene (HFASt) in an alkaline developer. For the photoresist systems consisting of copolymers of HFASt/another p‐substituted St and a sulfonium salt‐type PAG, solubility tests for coating films in the alkaline developer and proton nuclear magnetic resonance analysis and theoretical calculations for mixtures of the monomers and PAG were performed. It was found that p‐substituted St monomers with a highly polar functional group and an electron‐dense aromatic ring were effective in the dissolution inhibition. Since the interaction between p‐substituted St monomers and the cationic part of PAG was well predictable and quantifiable with theoretical calculations, which was consist well with the experimental data, the study method adopted in this study enables rational structural design of the polymers/PAG system that exhibits a high dissolution inhibition effect, which can lead to the development of non‐chemically amplified positive tone‐type resist materials usable for the formation of high‐resolution patterns.

A Xanthate-Type Photofunctional Chain Transfer Agent for the Synthesis of Macrophotoinitiators

Polystyrene (PSt), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), and poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) macrophotoinitiators with well-defined structures comprising a photoreactive group, benzoin (B), at the chain end were successfully synthesized by RAFT/MADIX polymerization. First, a photofunctional xanthate-type chain transfer agent (B-CTA) was produced by an efficient two-step one-pot synthesis. Then, B-CTA was used in the RAFT/MADIX polymerization of styrene (St), methyl methacrylate (MMA), acrylonitrile (AN) (more activated monomers), and vinyl acetate (VAc) (a less activated monomer). Based on spectral and GPC data, the RAFT/MADIX polymerizations of St, MMA, and VAc monomers produced well-controlled macrophotoinitiators with narrow molecular weight distributions and compatible theoretical and experimental number-average molecular weights. The resulting well-defined macrophotoinitiators, B-PSt, B-PMMA, and B-PAVc, were used as precursors to obtain block copolymers PSt-b-PCHO, PMMA-b-PCHO, PVAc-b-PCHO from cyclohexene oxide (CHO) and PSt-b-PBVE, PMMA-b-PBVE, PVAc-b-PBVE from butyl vinyl ether (BVE) monomers, respectively, via photoinduced free radical promoted cationic polymerization. Various analyses such as elemental, spectroscopic, and GPC techniques were used to confirm the structures of the synthesized molecules.

One-Pot Synthesis of Block Copolymers via ATRP and ROP Using PCL Macroinitiator

Poly(lactide)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone)-b-poly(styrene) triblock copolymers were synthesized simultaneously by one-pot method using atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and ring-opening polymerization (ROP) in one step. Firstly, brominated poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL-Br) as macroinitiator was made via ROP of ε-caprolactone (ε-CL) in the existence of tin(II) 2-ethyl hexanoate at 110 °C followed by esterification with 2-bromopropionyl bromide. With the one-pot method, the simultaneously via ROP of D, Llactide in the existence of tin(II) 2-ethyl hexanoate and ATRP of styrene (St) monomer with PCL-Br macroinitiator in the presence of CuCl/PMDETA system using [I]: [CuCl]:[PMDETA]=1:1:3 molar ratios at 120 °C in toluene was performed. Thus, the block copolymers with controlled molecular weights and moderately narrow polydispersities were obtained. Principal parameters, such as monomer concentration, initiator concentration, and polymerization time, which effect the one-pot polymerization were investigated. The polymers obtained were characterized using 1H NMR, FTIR, and GPC technique.

Preparation and characterization of self‐emulsifying poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate grafted polyacrylate copolymers modified by waterborne polyester

AbstractThe high molecular weight polyacrylate self‐emulsifying emulsion with 20% hydroxyl monomer and 50% solid content was prepared. Waterborne polyester was used to modify the acrylate resin. Besides acrylic acid (AA) and methacrylic acid (MAA), poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMEMA) was also used as functional monomer to stabilize the polymerization process and improve the properties of the emulsion. The effects of the amount of waterborne polyester (WP), ammonium persulfate (APS), poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMEMA), methacrylic acid (MAA)/acrylic acid (AA) monomer ratio, butyl acrylate (BA)/styrene (St) monomer ratio on the molecular weight, particle size, viscosity, storage stability, and cured film properties of the polyacrylate emulsion were investigated. The average molecular weight of the modified polyacrylate was up to about 2.5 × 104 g mol−1. The emulsion remained stable after 6 months at room temperature. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images showed that the latex particles had core‐shell structure. The films cured with melamine formaldehyde (MF) resin showed excellent water resistance, adhesion, and hardness.

Preparation of Monodisperse Poly(Methyl Methacrylate)/Polystyrene Composite Particles by Seeded Emulsion Polymerization Using a Sequential Flow Process

We develop a sequential flow process for the production of monodisperse poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/polystyrene (PS) composite particles through a soap-free emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) using the first water-in-oil (W/O) slug flow and a subsequent seeded emulsion polymerization of styrene (St) using the second W/O slug flow. In this process, monodisperse PMMA seed particles are first formed in the dispersed aqueous phase of the first W/O slug flow. Subsequently, removal of the oil phase from the slug flow is achieved through a porous hydrophobic tubing, resulting in a single flow of the aqueous phase containing the seed particles. The aqueous phase is then mixed with an oil phase containing St monomer to form the second W/O slug flow. Finally, monodisperse PMMA/PS composite particles are obtained by a seeded emulsion polymerization of St using the second W/O slug flow. We compared the reaction performance between the slug flow and the batch processes in terms of particle diameter, monomer conversion, particle size distribution, and the number of particles in the system. We found that internal circulation flow within the slugs can enhance mass transfer efficiency between them during polymerization, which results in monodisperse PMMA/PS composite particles with a large particle diameter and a high monomer conversion in a short reaction time, compared to those prepared using the batch process. We believe that this sequential microflow process can be a versatile strategy to continuously produce monodisperse composite particles or core-shell particles in a short reaction time.

Radiation Graft-Copolymerization of Ultrafine Fully Vulcanized Powdered Natural Rubber: Effects of Styrene and Acrylonitrile Contents on Thermal Stability.

Graft copolymers, deproteinized natural rubber-graft-polystyrene (DPNR-g-PS) and deproteinized natural rubber-graft-polyacrylonitrile (DPNR-g-PAN), were prepared by the grafting of styrene (St) or acrylonitrile (AN) monomers onto DPNR latex via emulsion copolymerization. Then, ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered natural rubbers (UFPNRs) were produced by electron beam irradiation of the graft copolymers in the presence of di-trimethylolpropane tetra-acrylate (DTMPTA) as a crosslinking agent and, subsequently, a fast spray drying process. The effects of St or AN monomer contents and the radiation doses on the chemical structure, thermal stability, and physical properties of the graft copolymers and UFPNRs were investigated. The results showed that solvent resistance and grafting efficiency of DPNR-g-PS and DPNR-g-PAN were enhanced with increasing monomer content. SEM morphology of the UFPNRs showed separated and much less agglomerated particles with an average size about 6 μm. Therefore, it is possible that the developed UFPNRs grafted copolymers with good solvent resistance and rather high thermal stability can be used easily as toughening modifiers for polymers and their composites.

Molecular imprinting of hemispherical pore-structured thin films via colloidal lithography for gaseous formaldehyde Gravimetric sensing

In this study, formaldehyde (HCHO)-imprinted hemispherical pore-patterned thin films, consisting of poly(2-(trifluoromethyl)acrylic acid–co–ethylene glycol dimethacrylate–co–styrene) (poly(TFMAA–co–EGDMA–co–ST)), were fabricated using the design of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) and a subsequent lithographic micro/nanoimprinting method to amplify HCHO sensing signals in quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensors. Its molecular imprinting condition was optimized by controlling the added amount of a ST monomer in a MIP precursor solution. From the resonant frequency change with respect to HCHO adsorption, the imprinting factor of the porous MIP film was calculated to have a value of 2.38 and the sensitivity (0.132 mg g−1 ppm−1) of the porous MIP film exhibited markedly improved characteristics with respect to the porous non-imprinted polymer (NIP) film (0.05 mg g−1 ppm−1). The selectivity of the MIP-QCM sensors for the detection of HCHO was examined in the presence of other analogous toxic gases such as hydrogen chloride and hydrogen fluoride. The HCHO-absorbed porous MIP film had higher selective features with selectivity coefficients (k* ≈ 3.83 (HCl) and 4.46 (HF)) than porous NIP films (k* ≈ 1.53 (HCl) and 2.20 (HF)). Moreover, the relative selectivity of the porous MIP film appeared to be 2.03–2.5, which was higher than those of the planar MIP film (1.70–1.73).

Capillary Action-Inspired Nanoengineering of Spheres-on-Sphere Microspheres with Hollow Core and Hierarchical Shell.

The current syntheses of spheres-on-sphere (SOS) microsphere, which possesses both hollow cavity and hierarchical structure, mainly rely on complicated routes and template removal. In this study, a one pot nanoengineering strategy inspired by the automatic transport behavior of water in plants is successfully developed to fabricate SOS microsphere in tandem with a traditional soft template method in the preparation of hollow structure. Amphiphilic siloxane oligomers generated in situ from methyltriethoxylsilane (MTES) under acidic conditions are anchored on the surface of soft template St monomer droplets, sequentially completing hydrolysis-polycondensation and forming a mesoporous polysilsesquioxane (PSQ) shell. Then, the St monomers located in cavity migrate outward under the combined action of capillary force stemming from mesoporous and osmotic pressure generating from inside-outside of the PSQ shell and polymerize on the outside of the hollow PSQ shell, in which residual siloxane oligomers further anchor on the polystyrene (PS) surface to reduce the surface energy of the system, finally resulting in the successful formation of SOS particles. To reduce thermal insulation coefficient of the material, the PS phase in SOS particles is removed to obtain the particles with multiscale hollow structure (SOS-MH), which have more hollow cavities to encapsulate more air. The presence of a much hollow structure in SOS-MH particles enables the thermal conductivity of polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/SOS-MH composite fibrous membranes (0.0307 W m-1 K-1) to decrease by about 40% compared to that of pure PAN fibrous films (0.0520 W m-1 K-1) at the same thickness of 1 mm, and the material also has moisture resistance due to the existence of a hierarchical shell.

Secondary nucleation of styrenated hydroxyl‐functionalized latexes

AbstractIn this study, secondary nucleation in emulsion polymerization of butyl acrylate (BA), styrene (St), and 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), was investigated. Different molar ratios of BA and St were used. Average particle size, particle size distribution (PSD), polymerization kinetics, glass transition temperature (Tg), and surface tension were monitored and compared. All synthetic latexes were prepared through seeded semi‐batch emulsion polymerization process. Three different BA to St ratios (1:1, 1:2, 2:1) were combined with eight different HEMA contents (0, 1, 3, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 mol%) in monomer composition, respectively. In the case of high HEMA content (10–40 mol%) it is found that secondary nucleation is mainly affected by HEMA. Secondary nucleation at low HEMA content (1–5 mol%) is dependent on the BA to St monomer ratio, and consequently a reflection of z‐mer hydrophobicity.

Effect of Shell Growth on the Morphology of Polyvinyl Acetate/Polystyrene Inverted Core-Shell Latex Fabricated by Acrylonitrile Grafting.

A novel strategy for fabricating inverted core-shell structured latex particles was implemented to investigate the morphology and properties of polyvinyl acetate (PVAc)-based latex. In this study, active grafting points were synthesized onto the surface of PVAc latex cores via grafting acrylonitrile (AN) to obtain a controllable coating growth of the shell monomer, styrene (St). The effect of shell growth on the morphological evolvement was explored by tuning the time of shell monomer polymerization. Unique particle morphologies, transferring from “hawthorn” type, over “peeled pomegranate” type, to final “strawberry-like” type, were observed and verified by electron microscopy. The morphological structure of latex particles exerted a significant effect on the particle size, phase structure, and mechanical properties of the obtained emulsions. The water-resistance of PVAc-based latex was also evaluated by the water absorption of latex films. More importantly, the experimental results provided a reasonable support for the controlled growth of St monomer, that is, the self-nucleation of dispersive St monomer can be transformed to in-situ coating growth on the PVAc core surface depending on the AN-active grafting points. This fabricating approach provides a reference for dynamical design and control of the latex particle morphology.

Photopolymerization-assisted self-assembly as a strategy to obtain a dispersion of very high aspect ratio nanostructures in a polystyrene matrix

Very high aspect ratio nano-objects dispersed in a polymer matrix impart a number of desired characteristics to the material, such as barrier properties to the diffusion of small molecules. Commonly, these dispersions are obtained via top-down procedures that require several time-consuming steps of purification, surface modification, and processing. In this article, we show that it is possible to produce a dispersion of crystalline nano-objects of very high aspect ratio through an in situ approach based on photopolymerization-driven self-assembly. For this purpose, a synthesized poly(styrene-block-ε-caprolactone) (PS-b-PCL) block copolymer was dissolved in styrene (St) monomer, and the solution was slowly photopolymerized at room temperature. Under such conditions, long crystalline nanoribbons dispersed in a PS matrix were obtained after four days of irradiation. The nanostructuration process was investigated by in situ small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Obtained results allowed us to conceptualize the formation mechanism of nanoribbons as a stepwise micellization-crystallization-growth process. When photopolymerization at room temperature was replaced by thermal polymerization at 90 °C, a dispersion of amorphous nanorods was obtained. This demonstrated that crystallization of PCL blocks played a dominant role in determining the morphology of the very high aspect ratio nano-objects obtained by photopolymerization.

Nitroxide-mediated graft copolymerization of styrene from cellulose and its polymer/montmorillonite nanocomposite

Nitroxide-mediated polymerization was successfully employed for well-defined graft copolymerization of styrene (St) monomer from cellulose (Cell) backbone. For this purpose, Cell was acylated by 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide, and then 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (TEMPO) was immobilized onto Cell backbone using a nucleophilic substitution reaction to produce Cell-TEMPO macroinitiator. Afterward, St monomer was grafted onto Cell backbone through “grafting from” technique. The successful synthesis of Cell- g-polystyrene (PSt) copolymer was confirmed using Fourier transform infrared and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies and scanning electron microscopy analysis. Finally, Cell- g-PSt/montmorillonite nanocomposite was fabricated through solution intercalation approach. The thermal properties and structural morphology of the resultant nanocomposite were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry and transmission electron microscopy, respectively.

A facile and efficient strategy for the functionalization of multiple-walled carbon nanotubes using well-defined polypropylene-grafted polystyrene

An alternative and efficient strategy for the synthesis of polymer-modified multiple-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) using ‘‘grafting to’’ technique was demonstrated successfully. For this purpose, maleic anhydride was grafted onto polypropylene (PP) followed by opening of anhydride ring with ethanolamine to produce hydroxylated polypropylene (PP-OH). The hydroxyl groups were esterified using α-phenyl chloroacetyl chloride to obtain PP-Cl macroinitiator. Afterward, styrene (St) monomer was grafted onto PP through atom transfer radical polymerization technique to afford PP-g-PSt graft copolymer. The chloride-end-caped PP-g-PSt copolymer was then attached to the oxidized MWCNTs in the presence of CuBr as the catalyst to produce MWCNTs-g-(PP-g-PSt) nanocomposite. The chemical structures of all samples as representatives were characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The chemical attaching of PP-g-PSt to the MWCNTs was approved by thermal property study using thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry, as well as morphology studies using transmission electron and scanning electron microscopies. The synthesized MWCNTs-g-(PP-g-PSt) nanocomposite can be applied as a reinforcement for polymeric (nano-)composites due to superior features of MWCNTs as well as their compatibility with polymeric materials after functionalization processes.

Preparation of multi-hollow polystyrene microspheres by radiation-induced frozen emulsion polymerization

In this article, the stability of a classic emulsion and a mini-emulsion composed of water, styrene (St) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) during the freezing process in liquid nitrogen and refrigerator (−20 °C) respectively was studied. Creaming appeared in the classic emulsion and mini-emulsion during the freezing process in refrigerator, however, no lamination was observed in any emulsions during their freezing process in liquid nitrogen. The polymerization of St monomer in frozen emulsions by liquid nitrogen freezing was then initiated by γ-ray radiation at −5 °C. The inner phase structure of both frozen classic emulsion and mini-emulsion would experience a change from an O/W emulsion to a W/O/W multiple emulsion during the polymerization process, and finally, multi-hollow polystyrene microspheres with a diameter of about 1–20 μm were fabricated. This article provides not only a new idea to develop the low-temperature polymerization technique, but also a simple and green new method to prepare porous polymeric microspheres.

Architecture and Performance of Raspberry-like Colloidal Particle Clusters via Self-Assembly of in Situ Generated Janus Particles

Uniform raspberry-like poly(vinylidene fluoride)/polystyrene (PVDF/PS) complex colloidal particle clusters (CCPCs) with PVDF seed particles protruding outward are fabricated by a novel and one-step approach: soap-free seeded emulsion polymerization following single-electron transfer radical polymerization (SET-RP) mechanism. The driving force from different hydrophobicity values between PVDF and PS induces the self-assembly of the first formed Janus particles, which can be caught because of the relatively low rate of SET-RP, and then Pickering emulsion polymerization performs continuously because of the presence of the unreacted St monomers to form the CCPCs. In contrast, the raspberry-like CCPCs cannot be achieved via a relatively high rate of conventional radical polymerization. In addition, the static water contact angle of the latex nanocoating prepared with the obtained raspberry-like CCPCs is 169.6° and remains at 155° after ultraviolet (UV) irradiation for 6 h. Therefore, it is expected to lead to ...

Effect of nanosilver on the thermal stability and thermal decomposition kinetics of poly(acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate–styrene)

Nanosilver/poly(acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate–styrene) (nano-Ag/P(AAEM-St)) composites were synthesized via emulsifier-free emulsion with silver nitrate solution, AAEM, and St monomer copolymerization by ultrasonic. The morphology and structure of the composites were characterized by ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometer, and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. The results show that Ag nanoparticles with face-centered cubic structure are homogeneously dispersed in the P(AAEM-St) matrix. The thermal stability and the thermal degradation kinetics of P(AAEM-St) were investigated using the thermogravimetric analysis and Kissinger and Flynn–Wall–Ozawa method, respectively. The results prove that the thermal stability of the pure P(AAEM-St) is better than that of the nano-Ag/P(AAEM-St) composites.

Preparation of Avermectin/Grafted CMC Nanoparticles and Their Sustained Release Performance

Avermectin (AVM) is a highly efficient pesticide against a variety of insects and is widely used in agriculture. However, it is susceptible to oxidation and photolysis, resulting in instability under UV irradiation and a short half-life. Herein, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was grafted by styrene (St), Methyl methacrylate (MMA) and butyl acrylate (BA) respectively to prepare grafted polymer nanoparticles in application for AVM sustained released. And the influence of different grafted monomer and the grafted rate on the AVM/grafted polymer nanoparticles performance was discussed. The larger the grafted rate of St was, the larger the particle size of AVM/grafted polymer nanoparticles had with a higher drug loading rate and stronger resistance to ultraviolet light. Besides, the particle size, drug loading rate and the ability of anti-ultraviolet light of grafted CMC emulsion was also influenced by the modifying agent. While the concentration of AVM was kept the same, the acrylic esters (MMA and BA) grafted emulsion have smaller particle sizes with higher drug loading rates and stronger anti-ultraviolet ability comparing to styrene (St) grafted emulsion. The effect of different amount of St and different monomer grafted on the sustained release performance of AVM/grafted polymer was also investigated. As the grafted rate of St increased, the release rate became smaller. The release speed has a sequence of CMC-g-PBA > CMC-g-PS > CMC-g-PMMA when CMC grafted with different monomer. Their sustained release curves can be described by Korsmeyer-Peppas equation. Finally, the insect toxicity test showed that insecticide toxicity against diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella L.) has no apparent difference among the AVM and AVM/grafted polymer nanoparticles indicating that AVM/grafted polymer nanoparticles can reduce the amount of organic solution used for dissolution and prolonged its service life without decreasing its insecticide toxicity.