Spring Holidays Research Articles

Vjatka-taguste udmurtide rituaalne roog tšek-tšegei

The article deals with the ritual dish chek-chegey / shesheri common among Zavyatsky Udmurts. Chek-chegey is a pastry in the form of small dough balls, which are baked for the spring holiday Akashka (in local tradition it coincides with Easter). The dish is analyzed in comparison with similar dishes of neighboring peoples (Tatars, Kryashens). Local legends about the connection of the dish chek-chegey with the Akashka ritual are given. The article contains memories of informants about the peculiarities of cooking the dish and its microlocal differences. For the first time, materials from field research conducted by the author in 2021–2022 have been introduced into scientific circulation. In addition, the author cites his childhood memories associated with this holiday treat.

МИФОЭПИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ АДЫГСКОГО НОВОГО ГОДА

The article considers the traditional spring holiday “Alternation of heads of years” (Ilesyshye zablek1ygu) on March 21–23 among the Adygs (Circassians) people, dedicated to Shyuzeresh the patron saint of abundance and horsemen. The aim of the work is to study the mythoepic basis of the traditional holidays associated with the spring and winter solstices. Based on this goal, the tasks of identifying representations of sacred processes designed to create favorable conditions for the preparation and start of spring field work and seasonal agricultural completion of the year are solved. The relevance of the research topic is due to the insufficient knowledge of the calendar holidays of the Adygs, in this case, associated with the vernal equinox and winter solstice. The theoretical basis of the mythological rituals requires in-depth study, since the process of reanimation of folk festivals is one of the important components of the self-identification of the Adyghe. Travel essays by missionaries, the research activities of the Adyghe enlighteners of the 19th century Sultan Khan Giray, Shora Nogmov, Adil Giray Keshev, folklorists Askarbiy Shortanov, Mukhtar Meretukov, Adam Gutov, Aslan Tsipinov and other scholars served as the methodological basis of this work and determined the basic principles of research: the comparative-historical, historical-typological, and comparative analyses. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that it describes for the first time the rituals of the spring festival, symbolizing the onset of the Adyghe New Year, and the time of spring plowing, which began on the third day after the onset of the holiday “Alternating heads of Years”, as well as the winter solstice holiday. The result of the study was the conclusion that the worldview and worldview of the ancient Adyghe was at a high level for its time and evolved along with the process of progressive development of the Adyghe society. It is established that a historical and cultural excursion into the past about the existence of the New Year among the Adyghe (Circassians) and the winter solstice holiday makes it possible to know the depth of the processes of the mythoepic consciousness of the people. The theoretical and practical value of the work is seen in the possibility of using the results of the research in theoretical disciplines and practical research on folklore, epic studies, the study of the mythoepical basis of the Adyghe worldview, as well as in the educational process of educational institutions.

WARM OLEKSII

The article is devoted to the bright memory of Oleksii Leontiyovych Pidgorny. A talented artist, architect, poet, teacher, leader and, without a doubt, a world-renowned scientist. A specialist who not only created a unique scientific school, bringing geometric theories and methods to architecture and construction. Back in the seventies, he ingeniously predicted the innovative role of geometric tools in the tasks of architectural and building physics, energy efficiency and eco-architecture. Oleksiy Leontiyovych's profound kindness, warmth and humanity won over everyone who knew him. It was these features that were the basis on which our scientific father obtained his high achievements. To describe the life path of O.L. Podhorny's authors used poems and memories from his first and last author's collection of poetry and painting "Colors of Life". Poems-memoirs best illustrate the multifaceted personality and attitude to life of Oleksii Leontiyovych. They help us to once again feel the joy and warmth of communicating with him, which unfortunately remain with us now only in memory... And this memory will always be as warm as the bright spring holiday in honor of which our son was baptized scientific father.

Влияние фунгицидных протравителей на выход товарной продукции и морфобиометрические показатели тюльпанов при ранневесенней выгонке

Tulips are traditionally estimated as the freshest flowers during the spring holidays. At the same time, the imported planting material for early spring sprouting is 100% (or close to this value). Affection by mycosis of imported planting material remains a topical issue. Depending on degree of damage it affects the yield of commercial output and its quality. Studies conducted in the phytotron, an enclosed research greenhouse, carried out by the Department of Remote Hybridization of the Tsytsin Main Botanical Garden of Russian Academy of Science (GBS RAS) including two most popular varieties of tulips have showed that the planting material from Netherlands has a prevalence of mycoses from 47,5 to 99,5%.Preplant treatment by fungicide protectant has affected the acceleration of the onset of the phase of the full color phase of buds for 3-5 days and has a mixed impact on plant height and glass length. The treatment of bulbs with Lamador, (SC, suspension concentrates) had a retardant effect. On the Presto variety, the height of commercial products was 2.7cm lower than the control variant, on the Dynasty variety by 1.2 cm. The treatment of bulbs with the Maxim (SC, suspension concentrates) had the opposite effect. The cutting height was higher than in the control version. At the same time, treatment with fungicidal protectants did not reduce the development of mycoses on tulip bulbs. Keywords: TULIPS, EARLY SPRING GROWING, PLANT PROTECTION, PROTECTANT, FUNGICIDE TREATMENT, BULBS

“St. George’s Day Lamb” Victim and Empathy

In Serbian and Croatian, the word žrtva “sacrifice, victim” has two basic meanings: 1. a ritually executed person or animal as offering to a deity, and 2. a person who was killed by accident, through no fault of their own (in a car accident, a fire, by lightning, etc.), or someone who has suffered as a result of someone else’s actions (a victim of violence, cheating, conspiracy, etc.). On the basic level, the two meanings overlap and cover the same archaic notion of victim, which 1. links community to transcendental spheres (communication with god/s, based on a connection between giving and receiving in return, which is unquestionable in traditional cultures), or 2. acts as a (fundamental) way in which gods appear in the human world (punishment as proof of gods’ existence). In both cases, folk narratives abolish empathy with the victims (even if death comes for ritual reasons or as an exemplum) and often conceptualize the victim in animalistic terms (e.g., jagnje đurđevsko “St. George’s Day lamb”– a lamb slaughtered on the main spring holiday, St. George’s Day; kurban). The concept of communicating with god through the victim is radically criticized in modern literature, also in terms of the lamb (Thomas Mann, The Tables of the Law [Das Gesetz], 1944; Joseph and his brothers [Joseph und seine Brüder], 1933–1943; Jose Saramago, The Gospel According to Jesus Christ [O Evangelho Segundo Jesus Cristo], 1991; Cain [Caim], 2009).

Ferie zimowe i wiosenne w czasach społecznej izolacji z perspektywy uczniów klas młodszych

Winter and spring holidays in times of social isolation from the perspective of younger students The holidays during the pandemic are over. What were they like? How did they look from the children’s perspective? The aim of my research was to find out what children think about spending their free time during the winter and spring breaks in the time of social isolation. I will try to present it in the article below. The purpose of this article is to present on children’s views on winter holidays in times of social isolation. The main question orienting my research activity was: How do children of the younger classes describe winter holidays during social isolation?

Impact of the first national COVID-19 lockdown on referral of women experiencing domestic violence and abuse in England and Wales

BackgroundThe lockdown periods to curb COVID-19 transmission have made it harder for survivors of domestic violence and abuse (DVA) to disclose abuse and access support services. Our study describes the impact of the first COVID-19 wave and the associated national lockdown in England and Wales on the referrals from general practice to the Identification and Referral to Improve Safety (IRIS) DVA programme. We compare this to the change in referrals in the same months in the previous year, during the school holidays in the 3 years preceding the pandemic and the period just after the first COVID-19 wave. School holiday periods were chosen as a comparator, since families, including the perpetrator, are together, affecting access to services.MethodsWe used anonymised data on daily referrals received by the IRIS DVA service in 33 areas from general practices over the period April 2017–September 2020. Interrupted-time series and non-linear regression were used to quantify the impact of the first national lockdown in March–June 2020 comparing analogous months the year before, and the impact of school holidays (01/04/2017–30/09/2020) on number of referrals, reporting Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR), 95% confidence intervals and p-values.ResultsThe first national lockdown in 2020 led to reduced number of referrals to DVA services (27%, 95%CI = (21,34%)) compared to the period before and after, and 19% fewer referrals compared to the same period in the year before. A reduction in the number of referrals was also evident during the school holidays with the highest reduction in referrals during the winter 2019 pre-pandemic school holiday (44%, 95%CI = (32,54%)) followed by the effect from the summer of 2020 school holidays (20%, 95%CI = (10,30%)). There was also a smaller reduction (13–15%) in referrals during the longer summer holidays 2017–2019; and some reduction (5–16%) during the shorter spring holidays 2017–2019.ConclusionsWe show that the COVID-19 lockdown in 2020 led to decline in referrals to DVA services. Our findings suggest an association between decline in referrals to DVA services for women experiencing DVA and prolonged periods of systemic closure proxied here by both the first COVID-19 national lockdown or school holidays. This highlights the need for future planning to provide adequate access and support for people experiencing DVA during future national lockdowns and during the school holidays.

ТРАДИЦИОННЫЙ КИТАЙСКИЙ ПРАЗДНИК ЦИНМИН: ЕДИНСТВО ЧЕЛОВЕКА И ПРИРОДЫ

Modern world processes lead to the fact that different cultures are becoming more and more involved in each other's cultural areas. Changes in one cultural field affect the cultural field of another. Today, cooperation between Russia and China is at one of the highest points of development, the initiatives of the two countries in the field of cultural studies give impetus to the development of research relations between the two countries. In this regard, domestic science needed a deeper study of the cultural traditions of the Chinese people. Traditional holidays are an integral part of Chinese society. Festive traditions contain a rich national coloring, rich cultural content, express national emotions and humanistic values, reflect the mentality and culture of the Chinese people. The festive culture of the Chinese reveals an inextricable link with the traditional calendar sequential course of life, in connection with this, its originality and originality are more clearly manifested. The Qingming holiday in China is considered one of the main spring holidays, it not only embodies the cyclic nature of natural life and human life, but also reflects the principle of harmonizing human activity with natural phenomena. The fundamental idea of Chinese civilization - the idea of the inseparable unity of man and nature - is especially fully and convincingly manifested in the history and tradition of the Qingming holiday. In the article, the author considers holiday traditions, the origin of which is rooted in the distant past. At the same time, the connection between the past and the present, their fluidity and interchangeability are clearly felt. The article confirms the idea that the Qingming holiday is a multi-aspect phenomenon in which the concept of "the unity of man and nature" and the ideologies of various historical epochs are synthesized and simultaneously coexist. Conducting a historical analysis, the author emphasizes the need to merge history and the present, notes the paradoxical nature of the combination in one holiday of seemingly incomparable things: the commemoration of the dead and the joy of a new life. It is in understanding the deep essence of the holiday that the harmony of the present moment of being lies. Honoring one's ancestors, caring for one's roots, strengthening and uniting forces within the family and clan - all this distinguishes the true, according to the author, unity of the people.

Desafiando a hegemonia religiosa

Este artigo aplica o marco teórico do mercado religioso para examinar a paisagem religiosa da Lituânia como um campo hegemônico em que o catolicismo dominantes é considerado parte integrante da identidade nacional. O interesse de pesquisa visa explorar o movimento etno-pagão Romuva e suas estratégias para atuar contra a autoridade social da Igreja Católica e construir legitimidade por meio da maximização de capital cultural. Proponho a hipótese de que a forma ritualizada de celebração da festa da primavera Joré poderia ser considerada uma tentativa de construir uma narrativa de identidade alternativa e contra-hegemônia, que retrata uma visão de mundo em que aspectos éticos, culturais, naturais e políticos da realidade lituânia são reunídos para se formar uma unidade integral sob a orientação da religião etno-pagã.

Covid-19 and inter-provincial migration in China

ABSTRACT Covid-19 pandemic started in Wuhan in December 2019 and then spread to the rest of China and the world. This paper examines the relationship between inter-provincial migration and the diffusion of covid-19 outbreak in Mainland China from 26 January to 6 March 2020. Statistical analysis shows that the migrants who moved into Hubei in 2010–2015 are a good indicator of the population flow from Hubei to other provinces that caused the spread of covid-19 in early 2020. Many migrants traveled back to hometown before the traffic ban of Wuhan city for the spring holiday. Thus, the migration flow from a province to Hubei in the period 2010–2015 had the highest correlation coefficient with the number of covid-19 cases in four selected dates. The population flow based on the big data from the Baidu map on 20 January 2020 was also highly correlated with the number of cases, but not as good as the above migration data. The finding demonstrates the role of established migrant networks in the spread of covid-19.

YAŞLI TÜKETİCİLER PAZARININ TUTUM VE DAVRANIŞLARININ ÖĞRENİLMESİ VE PAZARLAMA STRATEJİLERİNE YÖNELİK ÖNERİLER AKÇAKOCA ÖRNEĞİ

Giderek önemi ve sayıca ağırlığı artan yaşlı nüfus hem pazarlamacıların hem de turizmle ilgilenen yöneticilerin iştahını kabartmaktadır. Literatürdeki gerontoloji ile ilgili alan yazın boşluğuna rağmen yaşlı tüketiciler sahip oldukları boş zaman ve harcanabilir gelirleriyle büyük ve karlı bir pazar bölümünü oluşturmaktadırlar. Türkiye dâhil birçok ülkede “yaşlı” olarak tanımlanan kişiler daha fazla tüketim eylemi içinde olmakta ve diğer bireylerden farklı tutum ve davranışlar sergilemektedirler. Yaşlı tüketicilerin satın alma tutum ve davranışlarını ortaya koymak amacıyla yapılan bu araştırma sonucunda, yaşlıların en çok torunlarının/çocuklarının yanında yaşlanmak istedikleri, ikinci sırada ise kendi evlerinde/yalnız yaşlanmayı tercih ettikleri ortaya çıkmıştır. Ayrıca yaşlılar en çok torunlarına harcama yaparken, bunu sırasıyla medikal hizmetler, kıyafet, eşe/dosta hediyeler alma, kaplıca/şifalı su tatilleri ve 5yıldızlı tatiller takip etmektedir. Bu anlamda 5yıldızlı otel yöneticileri talebi canlandırmak ve yaşlı pazardan daha çok pay alabilmek için daha fazla çaba göstermeliler. Bu araştırma neticesinde ortaya çıkan diğer sonuçlar; katılımcıların tatillerinde kaplıca veya şifalı su tercih etmediği, reklamlarda gördükleri ürünleri satın almadıkları, heyecanlı, enerjik ve hızlı aktivitelere katılmadıkları, evde radyo dinlemedikleri ve kredi kartıyla alışveriş yapmadıkları yönündedir. Araştırmanın dikkat çeken sonuçlarından birisi de demografik faktörler ile yaşlı bireylerin yaşlanmak istedikleri yer ve harcama yaptıkları alanlar arasında anlamlı ilişkinin bulunmasıdır. Buna göre eğitim seviyesi arttıkça kişilerin daha çok kendi evlerinde yalnız yaşlanmaya eğilimli olduğu ve farklı yaş, cinsiyet, eğitim ve emeklilik durumundaki kişilerin birbirlerinden farklı konularda yardıma ihtiyaç duydukları görülmüştür.

Tulip In The Culture Of Uzbek People

On the basis of ethnographic materials this article examines the worldview of Uzbeks living in Central Asia and the role of the tulip plant in everyday life of the Uzbeks. The author analyzes the history, genesis and local features of the spring holidays "Lola Sayli" (Tulip Festivity) and "Boychechak Sayli"(Snowdrop Festivity) that are held in Uzbekistan and Tajikistan. Also, new scientific views on the image of the tulip and its symbolic meanings in the popular folk art of the region, especially in the national suzannas, were expressed.

Tulip In The Culture Of Uzbek People

On the basis of ethnographic materials this article examines the worldview of Uzbeks living in Central Asia and the role of the tulip plant in everyday life of the Uzbeks. The author analyzes the history, genesis and local features of the spring holidays Lola Sayli (Tulip Festivity) and Boychechak Sayli(Snowdrop Festivity) that are held in Uzbekistan and Tajikistan. Also, new scientific views on the image of the tulip and its symbolic meanings in the popular folk art of the region, especially in the national suzannas, were expressed.

The Spring Holiday Nauryz-Meiramy in the Kazakh Tradition

The present article is the first attempt by the author to give a scholarly interpretation of the interesting yet under investigated phenomenon of Kazakh ‘Nauryz’. The ethno-cultural traditions of ‘Nauryz’, lost as a result of Islamization and Sovietization of Kazakhstan, have been revived over the last 30 years. The article reviews the basic socio-historical prerequisites of ‘Nauryz’ in the system of Kazakh traditional culture, taking into account the typological features of spring holiday (the idea of cyclic revival of life), as well as specific aspects of Central Asian nomadism. The author regards ‘Nauryz-meiramy’ as a complete calendar-ceremonial complex of high social and spiritual significance and conditionally differentiates three interconnected components of the traditional ‘Nauryz-meiramy’ (ritual, competitive, entertaining) and emphasizes their duplicative character. The article devotes special attention to an examination of the musical context of ‘Nauryz-mejramy’. The author argues for the existence of the currently lost song genre specific to Nauryz-meiramy (akin to carols) and based on the available data attempts to reconstruct its original model.

Carbon dioxide in Postojna Cave (Slovenia): spatial distribution, seasonal dynamics and evaluation of plausible sources and sinks

The CO2 concentration of the air in Postojna Cave (400–7900 ppm) is found to be induced by CO2 sources (human respiration contributing ~ 20,000–58,000 ppm per breath, outgassing of dripwater and water seeping from the vadose zone/epikarst with a pCO2 values of 5000–29,000 ppm, and underground Pivka River having pCO2 at 2344–4266 ppm) and CO2 dilution (inflow of outside air with a CO2 concentration of ~ 400 ppm). Measurements show that sinking Pivka River has the lowest CO2 concentration among plausible CO2 sources but still continuously exceeds the surrounding cave air CO2 concentration. During the winter months, intensive ventilation reduces the cave air CO2 concentration to outside levels (~ 400 ppm), even in the centre of the cave system. CO2 dilution is less pronounced in summer (CO2(min) ≈ 800 ppm), since the ventilation rate is not as strong as in winter and the outside air that enters the cave through breathing holes and fractures is enriched with soil CO2. During spring and autumn, the daily alternation of the ventilation regime with a smaller rate of air exchange results in yearly cave air CO2 peaks of up to ~ 2400 ppm. Some dead-end passages can be much less affected by ventilation, resulting in a cave air CO2 concentration of up to 7900 ppm. The strongest diurnal CO2 peaks due to human respiration were recorded during the spring holidays (increase of up to 1300 ppm day−1), compared to considerably smaller summer peaks despite peak visits (increase of ~ 600 ppm day−1).

Happy Mimouna: On a Mechanism for Marginalizing Moroccan Israelis

The article focuses on the ways in which the mimouna, a distinct Maghrebi Jewish spring holiday, is framed by the Israeli mainstream as a non-serious event, and its practices as primitive. Yet, while manifesting excluding practices and utterances towards it, the holiday is also endorsed by most Jewish Israelis. It asserts that this duality results from a single and unified socio-political mechanism employed by mainstream Israelis to marginalize Israelis of Moroccan descent: a mechanism of exclusion-by-inclusion. The article begins by tracing the early versions of it in Zionists' reports on the mimouna in the beginning of the twentieth-century Morocco, moves quickly to Morocco under colonial regime, and ends by demonstrating these practices in present-day Israel.

Drawing a line in the sand: Effectiveness of off-highway vehicle management in California's Sonoran desert

Public land policies manage multiple uses while striving to protect vulnerable plant and wildlife habitats from degradation; yet the effectiveness of such policies are infrequently evaluated, particularly for remote landscapes that are difficult to monitor. We assessed the use and impacts of recreational vehicles on Mojave Desert washes (intermittent streams) in the Chemehuevi Desert Wildlife Management Area (DWMA) of southern California. Wash zones designated as open and closed to off-highway vehicle (OHV) activity were designed in part to protect Mojave desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) habitat while allowing recreation in designated areas. OHV tracks were monitored in washes located near access roads during winter and early spring holidays – when recreation is typically high – and at randomly dispersed locations away from roads. Washes near access roads had fewer vehicle tracks within closed than open zones; further away from roads, OHV tracks were infrequent and their occurrence was not different between wash designations. Washes were in better condition in closed zones following major holidays as indicated by less vegetation damage, presence of trash, and wash bank damage. Furthermore, the frequency of washes with live tortoises and their sign was marginally greater in closed than open wash zones. Collectively, these results suggest that low impacts to habitats in designated closed wash zones reflect public compliance with federal OHV policy and regulations in the Chemehuevi DWMA during our study. Future monitoring to contrast wash use and impacts during other seasons as well as in other DWMAs will elucidate spatial and temporal patterns of recreation in these important conservation areas.

Consumption of untested pork contributed to over two-thousand clinical cases of human trichinellosis in Romania

Trichinellosis is an important zoonosis that is difficult to diagnose and that can lead to disability, death and economic losses for the meat processing industry. The outbreaks are related to the consumption of insufficiently cooked pork containing larvae of Trichinella spiralis (Owen, 1833). Here, we describe epidemiological features of the disease in a region where incidence rates are typically elevated (Brasov County, Romania). Our descriptive, retrospective epidemiological study spanned a period of 25 years (1983-2007) in a group of 3 345 consumers of infected meat, of whom 2179 became infected. Both raw pork and processed pork products were consumed, typically during winter and spring holidays. Pigs bred and slaughtered by households were not always tested prior to consumption. The imposition of greater hygiene and testing has decreased the burden of disease in recent years, but the tradition of raising swine for familial consumption without prior testing continues to threaten health, even among groups, not typically suspected of facing elevated zoonotic risk such as children and residents of urban areas. Most outbreaks took place at family celebrations during which pork raised locally was consumed. Higher rates of clinical disease in women may reflect their greater participation in such events, but may alternatively reflect greater exposure to raw pork during meal preparation.

“Nature” and “Nation” in the Republic of Moldova: Rebirth and Rebuilding Through the International Festival of Music “Mărţişor”

This article examines the political–pedagogical performance of the spring holiday “Mărţişor” in the Republic of Moldova, as part of Moldova's official nation-building project in the period 2001–2009. By analysing the International Festival of Music “Mărţişor”, we examine symbolic allegories between the celebration of the rebirth of nature—known in folklore as “the holiday of mărţişor”—and the (re)creation of “the Moldovan nation”. We argue that Moldova's official policies of the management of collective memory are based on an ideology that has a direct impact on symbols which are meant to be a source of enthusiasm and cohesion. During the Communist governments (2001–2005 and 2005–2009), the International Festival of Music “Mărţişor” was transformed into a symbolic space in which the Moldovan nation-building project was supposed to be implemented, and “Moldovenism” as a state ideology was intended to be promoted.

Mourning as Global Politics: Embodied Grief and Activism in Post-Aum Tokyo

When she awoke on the morning of 20 March 1995, Takahashi Shizue 1 was, in her words, “just a regular housewife” planning a long-awaited hot spring holiday to the northern Japanese island of Hokkai...