Spread Of Coronavirus Infection Research Articles

The State and Trends of Crime in the Territory of the Member States of the Commonwealth of Independent States in 2023

Introduction. The article provides an analysis of the state of crime in the member states of the Commonwealth of Independent States in 2023. The analysis is based on statistical data on the state of crime in the Commonwealth over the past five years.After Russia launched a special military operation in 2022 to denazify and demilitarize Ukraine, a situation is developing in the world in which the countries of the collective West are trying to damage our country through economic sanctions, as well as actually waging a proxy war against Russia. Unfriendly countries, led by the United States, are trying to use the member states of the Commonwealth as a tool in the fight against Russia, through unequal cooperation to introduce differences in the CIS, and use information security technologies for their own purposes.To determine the degree of influence of current world events on the criminal situation in the post-Soviet space, an analysis of the state of crime in the CIS countries was carried out.The given statistical data on crime in the Commonwealth countries demonstrate the dynamics of the criminal situation in the countries under consideration, depending primarily on internal criminogenic factors. Such factors exist and develop under the influence of criminal elements and the existing criminal environment.The analysis of the dynamics of the criminal situation for 2019-2023 was aimed at determining the trends of its development in the light of the impact of external and internal processes that have arisen in recent years, to identify the causes affecting the dynamics of certain types of crime and to make a forecast of the possible development of the criminal situation for the next 1-2 years.To predict the dynamics of the criminal situation in the CIS countries, the expotential smoothing method was used, which is illustrated by the graphs given in the article.Materials and methods. The theoretical basis of the research is based on the conclusions and achievements of criminology, scientific research on crime as a social phenomenon. The reasons and events influencing the dynamics of crime are taken into account. General scientific and private scientific research methods (synthesis, deduction, analysis, generalization, observation, etc.) were used in the work. The methodological basis of the study was a systematic approach, comparative and problem-based approaches.The results of the study. As a result of the analysis of the criminal situation at the transport facilities of the Russian Federation, it was found that, starting in 2020, new factors influenced the quantitative indicators of crime in transport. The introduction of restrictive measures related to the spread of coronavirus infection, their subsequent cancellation, the beginning of the geopolitical crisis in the world, provoked by the imposition of sanctions by Western countries against Russia, restrictions on international communications. closure of airports, borders, etc. they affected the directions of preventive activities of the internal affairs bodies in transport. The conclusions and forecasts made in the article determine the trends in the development of the criminal situation in transport in 2023 and allow us to determine the most important vectors of the direction of preventive activities of internal affairs bodies.Discussion and conclusion. The article identifies and substantiates the priority areas of activity of the internal affairs bodies of Russia in transport for the most effective organization of preventive activities and combating crime.

RESEARCH OF MANIFESTATION OF THE ORAL MUCOSA IN COVID-19

The oral cavity is one of the main gates for coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2); the oral cavity also suffers greatly from this infection, because it is one of the most vulnerable places. In addition, since the salivary glands can serve as a reservoir for viruses and support their release into the external environment, it was concluded that saliva, as a component of oral fluid, can play an important role in the spread of coronavirus infection. This is mainly due to the ACE-2 receptor, which have a high level of expression in the keratinized surface epithelial cells of the oral mucosa, especially in the epithelial cells of the dorsal part of the tongue, tonsils, vocal cords, salivary glands and sinuses, due to which the virus replicates in and causes both oral lesions and oral symptoms mouth After entering the cell, the virus delays the response of the immune system, allowing the infection to progress, and it becomes much more difficult to fight it. Accordingly, due to the relatively high level of COVID-19-associated complications, timely diagnosis of clinical forms, including high-risk patients with prognosis their clinical course and the selection of drug treatment appropriate to the severity of the clinical course remain quite complex and controversial issues. It was emphasized that in some cases oral symptoms may be the initial or only sign of disease, and dentists should take this into account when performing a thorough clinical examination of the oral cavity.

Эпидемиологическая характеристика рака молочной железы в Республике Северная Осетия-Алания в 2017-2021 гг. и в период коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19.

The purpose of the study: to identify the features of the incidence and main diagnostic indicators of breast cancer in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania and assess their change during the spread of coronavirus infection COVID‑19. Materials and methods. The data of the annual reports of the Republican Oncological Dispensary of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania and the data of the state medical statistics (form No. 7 «Information on malignant neoplasms») for 2012–2021 were studied. The most important diagnostic indicators for breast cancer have been analyzed. A comparative assessment of the indicators in the republic, the Russian Federation and the North Caucasus Federal District is given. Results. The urgency of the problem of oncological morbidity in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania is due to the increasing prevalence of malignant neoplasms, according to which it occupies the first place in the North Caucasus Federal District. The leading oncological pathology in the female population is breast cancer 26,6% (RF – 21,7%). The epidemiological situation associated with the spread of COVID‑19 coronavirus infection has had a significant impact on cancer incidence in recent years. The rate of newly diagnosed breast cancer incidence in 2021 (44,0 per 100,000 population) was lower than in 2019. The characteristic trends of deterioration of the main diagnostic indicators are revealed. Similar to the indicator for the Russian Federation (25,6%), the rate of active detection of breast cancer decreased (42,6%). Despite the positive dynamics of the detection of the tumor process at stage I, early detection of breast cancer suffers due to a decrease in the detection rate at stage II to 50,2%. A stable growth trend over a five-year period, more than 2 times, of the indicator of the neglect of the tumor process (stage IV), amounting to 16,3% by 2022, was revealed. The detection rate at stages III and IV by 2022 was 32,9% in North Ossetia, 34,5% in the North Caucasus Federal District, and 27.1% in the Russian Federation. In 2021, the mortality rate from breast cancer in the first year after diagnosis in North Ossetia (3,6%) is lower than in the Russian Federation (4,8%) and the North Caucasus Federal District (5,2%). There is a maximum decrease in the five-year survival rate in 2020 to 54,2%, correlating with similar trends in the Russian Federation (56,6%). The morphological verification index, indicating the quality of specialized oncological care, is consistently higher than the national average (99,7%). Conclusion. The improvement of oncological situation in the republic will be facilitated by the implementation of priority areas of the regional program for the fight against oncological diseases, the main task of which is the active detection of malignant neoplasms at early stages and their effective treatment. In order to eliminate the current situation, it is necessary to concentrate efforts to improve the effectiveness of providing oncological care to the population, primarily at the level of outpatient polyclinic health care, and increase the oncological alertness of medical workers. The indicators of the oncological service of the republic related to postcovid complications in oncolo need additional analysis. The indicators of the oncological service of the republic related to postcovoid complications in oncological patients need additional analysis.

Asset impairment: the quality of disclosures in financial reporting amidst the pandemic

Relevance. The deterioration of economic conditions both in individual countries and worldwide, due to the spread of coronavirus infection and the imposition of strict quarantine restrictions resulted in notable changes in the financial and business sectors. This makes it relevant to investigate this issue. Purpose. The main purposes of the study are to examine the issue of changes in the quality of information to be disclosed in connection with financial reporting, specifically the impact of the global pandemic on this procedure. Additionally, the study aims to determine the extent to which such dynamics have a positive or negative effect on the implementation of financial reporting. Methodology. Various methodological approaches, which have both theoretical and more practical aspects, such as the theoretical and methodological approach, analysis, synthesis, comparative analysis, and the analysis of scientific literature were used in the study, which helped to investigate the above-mentioned issue and achieve the research objectives. Results. In the process of examining the aspect, the following results were identified, the theoretical background to the issue was reviewed, in particular the concepts, the main components of the asset impairment phenomenon, and the financial reporting and disclosure procedures were highlighted, the main features and changes in the industry caused by pandemic were identified. Conclusions. Alternative approaches to financial disclosure have been formulated which may help to prevent the occurrence of negative consequences for legal persons due to neglecting such information, or even withholding such information. Keywords: asset carrying amount; asset recoverable amount; asset sensitivity analysis; operational continuity; coronavirus infection; reduction in asset value

Характеристика епігенетичних факторів у жінок фертильного віку, мешканок міста Київ, що перенесли коронавірусне інфікування

This study highlights the critical importance of understanding the impact of epigenetic risk factors on COVID-19 among women of fertile age. Purpose - to characterize the epigenetic factors of COVID-19 in women of childbearing age, residents of Kyiv city who have had coronavirus infection, identified as a result of clinical and epidemiological studies. Materials and methods. This research investigates the potential epigenetic risk factors for COVID-19 onset and progression in women of childbearing age in the Kyiv city. An original, comprehensive questionnaire designed to capture a wide range of health and socio-biological risk factors was disseminated among 100 women. Follow-up examinations and interviews were conducted with 97 of these women. Results. The study revealed that a notable proportion of the surveyed women experienced adverse working conditions. 12.4% reported infrequent exposure to chemically harmful environments. About 12.4% indicated consistent and 10.3% intermittent work-related nervous strain. Furthermore, 15.5% of the respondents identified infrequent physical hazards at their workplace, while 19.6% experienced occupational harm. Among male partners, 4.1% frequent and 4.1% occasionally had contact with harmful vapours or chemicals at work. Epigenetic risk factors were determined using a clinical genealogical map. Occupational harm was absent before and after COVID-19 infection in 35.0% and 33.0% of women, respectively. Regarding harmful habits, 9.3% and 2.1% of women engaged in tobacco smoking before and after COVID-19 infection, respectively, whereas 9.3% and 36.8% did not consumed alcohol. Past illnesses, such as rubella and allergy, were identified as potential epigenetic factors in 3.1% and 11.3% of women. Conclusions. It was established that among the identified epigenetic risk factors that can directly or indirectly affect the spread of coronavirus infection in women, residents of the city of Kyiv, the following require special attention of the doctor: presence of contact with physical and chemical agents, transferred diseases and conditions (rubella in 3.1 % of women), allergy (in 11.3% and 13.4% of women before and after the disease). The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.

Impact assessment of the introduction of COVID-19 quarantine restrictions on financial performance of small and medium enterprise sector of the Russian Federation

The deterioration of the economic situation in the country is certainly reflected in the financial performance of small and medium enterprise sector (hereinafter referred to as SME sector). The article attempts to study the degree of impact of forced urgent measures introduced by state authorities to contain the spread of coronavirus infection on financial performance of the sector. The authors conducted an overview study of scientific publications written by leading professional analysts on the problems of the economic situation in the Russian entrepreneurial segment, as well as on the relevance and effectiveness of government measures to support small and medium-sized enterprises. The assessment of changes in the final performance indicators of each of the three SME sector elements (micro, small and medium enterprises) over the past three years is given. When studying the dynamics of the components of the balanced financial result, horizontal analysis was used, alongside with the method of absolute differences, calculation of growth rates, and index method. The made analysis revealed a sharp deterioration in financial performance during the most severe quarantine restrictions in 2020 and an improvement in the economic situation after their partial abolition in 2021. It was noted that the risk of mass bankruptcy of enterprises in the SME sector was compensated by large-scale state support. It was determined that the protective restrictions imposed to localise the epidemic have aggravated the existing problems of small and medium-sized businesses. The article shows that the main risks of the studied segment will persist in the near future. In this regard, it is necessary to improve the tools of state regulation of SME sector development with consideration to the accumulated experience of anti-crisis management.

Assessment of the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Economy of Russian Regions

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a serious impact on the sustainability of the social, economic and environmental development of countries and regions. Differences in the structure of the economy of the subjects of Russia and the rate of spread of infection give rise to an assumption about the spatial unevenness of the economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this work is to determine the degree of impact of COVID-19 on various types of regional economies, taking into account industry specifics. The article presents the theoretical base of the study based on foreign and domestic sources, considers the spread of coronavirus infection in the regions of the Russian Federation using the indicator “total number of cases of COVID-19 (per 1000 people)”, the dynamics of the unemployment rate at working age in the regions of Russia in 2018–2021, the dynamics of economic growth in the regions of the Russian Federation and the dynamics of the growth rate of GRP by sectors of the economy during the COVID-19 pandemic, specialization of the regions of the Russian Federation. Based on the results of the study, the regions of the Russian Federation were ranked according to the degree of influence of COVID-19 on their economic sphere: a) regions whose specialization is determined by natural and geographical factors (with the exception of tourism) experienced the least impact of the COVID-19 pandemic; b) regions whose economies are highly differentiated, large industrial and financial enterprises are located on their territory, the economic sphere of this group of regions has experienced a significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, but recovery has been rapid; c) regions in whose economy a number of pandemic risk factors have been concentrated; d) economic outsider regions in the Russian Federation. The conducted research complements the cycle of works in the field of the impact of epidemics on the economy of regions and countries. The results obtained can be used to develop and implement a risk management policy to mitigate the consequences of anti-epidemic measures in the regions of the Russian Federation.

Enhanced selective discrimination of point-mutated viral RNA through false amplification regulatory direct insertion in rolling circle amplification

Coronaviruses are single-stranded RNA viruses with high mutation rates. Although a diagnostic method for coronaviruses has been developed, variants appear rapidly. Low test accuracy owing to single-point mutations is one of the main factors in the failure to prevent the early spread of coronavirus infection. Although reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction can detect coronavirus infection, it cannot exclude the possibility of false positives, and an additional multiplexing kit is needed to discriminate single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variants. Therefore, in this study, we introduced a new nucleic acid amplification method to determine whether an infected person has a SNP mutation using a lateral flow assay (LFA) as a point-of-care test. Unlike traditional DNA amplification methods, direct insertion into rolling circle amplification amplifies the target genes without false amplification. After SNP-selective nucleic acid amplification, nuclease enzymes are used to make double-stranded DNA fragments that the LFA can detect, where specific mismatched DNA is found and cleaved to show different signals when a SNP-type is present. Therefore, wild- and SNP-type variants can be selectively detected. In this study, the limit of detection was 400 aM for viral RNA, and we successfully identified a dominant SNP variant selectively. Clinical tests were also conducted.

Conflict Prevention in Internet during Spread of Coronavirus Infection (Survey Results)

The article presents the results of a survey of respondents, one of the tasks of which was to propose a response to a conflict-provoking message in such a way as to avoid escalation of the conflict and continue communication with the aggressor. The survey participants were 115 respondents (22% male and 78% female) aged 20 to 35, with incomplete higher or higher education. The respondents were presented with 15 texts, which were real comments on posts in LiveJournal, containing markers of conflict-provoking intention by the sender and published during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study of the respondents’ responses was conducted using methods of linguostylistic, contextual, and statistical analysis. Data analysis identified four speech strategies used by the respondents to prevent conflictual interaction, as well as tactics through which these strategies were implemented: self-defense strategy (distancing tactic, pluralism accentuation tactic, topic change tactic), politeness strategy (gratitude tactic, advice tactic, apology tactic, offer of help tactic), submission strategy (concession tactic, reinforcement of aggressor’s authority tactic), persuasion strategy (reasoning tactic, argumentation tactic).

THE COUNTRIES OF WESTERN ASIA IN THE PROCESSES OF INTERNATIONAL LABOR MIGRATION: FEATURES OF THE XXI CENTURY

The countries of Western Asia simultaneously act as centers of attraction in the processes of international labor migration, and countries, which let their citizens travel abroad to find work (are labor migrants). We analyze the situation in the field of international labor migration in 14 countries of Western Asia, excluding the former republics of the USSR, such as Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia, which are now included by international organizations in the group of countries in the region. The situation in the field of labor migration in the region is being updated in connection, firstly, with the growth of the economies of the countries of the Cooperation Council of the Arab States of the Persian Gulf (GCC) and, in general, some stabilization of the socio-economic and political situation in the West Asian region, secondly, with the trends to overcome the restrictions that took place due to the spread of coronavirus infection in the world and in the region, and, thirdly, with the region's attempts to transform the national economy and implement new advanced industries and productions based on innovation and digitalization. It is important to study the experience of the GCC countries in the field of labor migration in order to increase the efficiency and reduce the costs of MMRS in the Russian Federation. The article attempts to analyze the situation in the field of international labor migration in Western Asia, and primarily in the GCC, which actively accept labor from other states of the region and non-regional powers. The author concludes that the region will retain its role as a receiving center for foreign labor in the future on the basis of an adequate policy of the recipient countries. The geography of the countries of origin of immigrants also generally remains unchanged. The research period covers 2000–2022. The author used traditional methods of economic analysis to conduct the research. The sources of statistical information were data from international databases, primarily UNCTAD, as well as regional reports of international organizations.

Professional activity of social sphere specialists in conditions of uncertainty

The article examines the features of changes in the social service system with an emphasis on the practice of social work in the context of pandemic and post-pandemic challenges. The theoretical basis of the work is the concepts of sociology of professions and occupations, pandemic reality and emotional labor. The professional community of social workers is understood in the form of a "supportive" profession that provides social care services in order to solve acute social problems by providing assistance to the most vulnerable categories of citizens (the disabled, the elderly, people with disabilities). Particular attention is paid to the impact of preventive measures and information policy aimed at combating the spread of coronavirus infection, which significantly affect professional activities, the sense of subjective security of social professionals and clients served, the possibilities of urban mobility, access to various organizations and resources. The empirical basis of the conducted research consists of semi-structured interviews with specialists of state and non-state social organizations. Based on the analysis of the data obtained, the key aspects of the professional activity of specialists that have undergone the greatest changes are presented. The interrelation of official and informal professional rules, the importance of the emotionality of the work of specialists operating in conditions of uncertainty, as well as the specifics of the provision of social services under the influence of administrative and legal regulations justified by medicalized discourse are revealed. The high importance of the social service system and the demand for specialists, manifested against the background of the diversification of the social sphere, as well as urgent problems for existing social workers, such as insufficient wages, shortage of personnel, high bureaucratization of labor and rapid restructuring of work functions, were noted. Special attention is paid to professional skills in managing emotions used in the process of interaction of specialists with clients, which is defined as an effective strategy used in the practice of social work.

INTENSIVE CARE SERVICE OPTIMIZATION FOR COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN ALMATY CITY

Since the beginning of the spread of coronavirus infection in the world, the number of infected has exceeded 102.5 million people, and more than 2.2 million people have died. In Kazakhstan, according to the world statistics of COVID-19, the 59th place in the number of detected cases of COVID-19 and the 68th place in deaths from coronavirus was noted. The vast majority of patients with COVID-19 have a mild or moderate illness, but 5% of those with a critical course of the disease require treatment in an intensive care unit. The length of stay in the intensive care unit averages 10.8 days, however, in 22.7% of patients, the duration of treatment in the ICU exceeds 30 days. In order to improve treatment outcomes, many clinics use a team work methodology that requires a sufficient number of highly qualified medical personnel. However, due to the shortage of personnel in intensive care units, measures are being taken to retrain medical personnel of other specialties. At the same time, short training courses do not always improve the results of treatment in a high quality and lead to a deterioration in the results of most patients.

REGULATORY REGULATION OF THE HEALTHCARE SYSTEM AT THE LEGISLATIVE LEVELS IN AN EMERGENCY

The article examines the problems of organizing the health care system in the Republic of Kazakhstan in the context of a pandemic of coronavirus infection and other infectious diseases. Based on general and special scientific methods, the discourse of the legal regulation of the health care system in a pandemic is presented. The coronavirus factor has exacerbated the need to legitimize the transformation of the legal regulation of public relations in a pandemic, since the current regulatory framework has demonstrated the imperfection of the legal mechanisms responsible for ensuring the regulation of health systems. The effective use of legal mechanisms depends on the level of democracy of the legislative framework based on international legal and constitutional principles. The main scientific hypotheses of the study justify the problems of the health care system that require regulatory solutions at the managerial and legislative levels in emergency situations. The legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan on the state of emergency, on the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population was analyzed. It was revealed that there is no direct connection between the norms of legislation on the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population and the norms of legislation on the state of emergency in terms of direct indication of the possibility of applying measures and implementing the requirements of a sanitary and epidemiological nature in emergency situations. It was concluded that the decisive role of law as a universal regulator of public relations during the spread of coronavirus infection is justified; the need to use the resources of law in the prevention of pandemics in the future is justified. The national health care system of Kazakhstan, as well as the system of public administration as a whole, has demonstrated the inability to ensure a timely response to challenges and threats by creating subordinate legislation in pursuance of legislative acts has led to negative results. This circumstance is the basis for taking measures to create an effective set of measures for the legal regulation of public relations in an emergency.

European and National measurements of Molecular and Immunological aspects of Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment of Coronavirus infection

The SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infection pandemic, which spread worldwide in 2019, has caused a large number of deaths in the population. Research on the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of this disease requires further investigation and generalization of meaningful rules to prevent the future spread of COVID-19 and to ensure societal preparedness for such epidemics. This article reviews the problems of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of coronavirus infection within the global scientific community. The aim of the research work is to investigate the variability of diagnostic methods of COVID-19, means of prevention of the disease and main discourses for treatment of the disease. Theoretical (analysis, systematization and generalization of scientific sources) and empirical (retrospective analysis) research methods were used to study the aspects of diagnosis, prevention and treatment of coronavirus infection. Using the method of theoretical analysis, the peculiarities of the treatment of molecular-immunological aspects of diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 were studied, and using the method of systematization and generalization, the scientific sources devoted to the issue of prevention of future coronavirus infection spread were investigated. In the article, using retrospective analysis, literature sources on the European and national view of coronavirus research were collected and systematized. As a result of the scientific research, the basic principles of coronavirus diagnostic technologies, the main stages of treatment and prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection were analyzed.

COVID-кризис как фактор изменений в политическом участии

In this article, the author summarizes the results of the study on the COVID-19 impact of the pandemic on politi-cal participation, namely its mechanics and consequences. Due to the importance of this phenomenon for po-litical development and the unprecedented nature of the pandemic, this study is relevant and has novelty fea-tures. It is emphasized that the spread of coronavirus infection caused a large-scale COVID-crisis in many countries worldwide, distinguished by such characteristics as complexity, atemporality, non-linearity and disin-tegration. Simultaneously, it has become a crisis of public-power relations and a factor of changes in political participation. As the author argues, the COVID-crisis affected both electoral and protest participation of citizens in the countries studied by the author: in some cases it increased the level of public support for the ultra-right parties, in others – intensified direct civic actions.

Reputational Risks of the University in the New Conditions for the Development of Russian Higher Education

The conditions for the development of the modern world community are constantly changing and becoming more complex. They have a serious impact on the activities of organizations and enterprises in the sectors of the national economy. Higher education institutions are also under the influence of changing conditions. This can be seen via new serious problems and risks, including reputational ones that require special attention and response, and an effective state policy to support domestic universities. The purpose of the article is to consider the new conditions for the development of Russian universities and to determine the current reputational risks in their activities. The following results have been obtained within the study: the changed conditions for the Russian universities’ activities are assessed; the reputational risks of higher education institutions due to the latest operating conditions and development trends are identified, analyzed, and justified. The threats to the universities’ reputation appear due to the pressure of global sanctions and due to domestic problems: the deteriorating demographic situation, the transformation of the higher education system, the decline in the training of scientific personnel, the slowdown in the development of the academic profession, the spread of coronavirus infection, etc. Today’s state policy in the field of higher education creates prospects for further development of Russian universities, for increasing the efficiency of their activities and competitiveness in the educational services market, and, on this basis, for strengthening their reputation. The results of our research may be of interest to the heads of higher educational institutions, to their teaching staff, as well as to the scholars who study the problems of higher education management.

A numerical study of spatio-temporal COVID-19 vaccine model via finite-difference operator-splitting and meshless techniques

In this paper, a new spatio-temporal model is formulated to study the spread of coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in a spatially heterogeneous environment with the impact of vaccination. Initially, a detailed qualitative analysis of the spatio-temporal model is presented. The existence, uniqueness, positivity, and boundedness of the model solution are investigated. Local asymptotical stability of the diffusive COVID-19 model at steady state is carried out using well-known criteria. Moreover, a suitable nonlinear Lyapunov functional is constructed for the global asymptotical stability of the spatio-temporal model. Further, the model is solved numerically based on uniform and non-uniform initial conditions. Two different numerical schemes named: finite difference operator-splitting and mesh-free operator-splitting based on multi-quadratic radial basis functions are implemented in the numerical study. The impact of diffusion as well as some pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical control measures, i.e., reducing an effective contact causing infection transmission, vaccination rate and vaccine waning rate on the disease dynamics is presented in a spatially heterogeneous environment. Furthermore, the impact of the aforementioned interventions is investigated with and without diffusion on the incidence of disease. The simulation results conclude that the random motion of individuals has a significant impact on the disease dynamics and helps in setting a better control strategy for disease eradication.

Lifestyle Features, Mental Health and COVID-19

Of high concern is the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the level of physical activity of the population. A reasonably organized lifestyle with the use of a work and rest regime, in compliance with the diet and diet, with the implementation of hygiene standards, hardening procedures and various forms of physical activity, is the basis of a healthy lifestyle. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the population lost the opportunity to lead an active lifestyle, limited the daily motor activity of people. Almost a third of patients believe that exercise plays an important role during a pandemic. Exercise does not affect the improvement of the psycho-emotional state, this was noted equally, both women and men. During the period of isolation, more than half of the respondents took up the Internet most of the time, this was mainly noted by men, while for women the Internet did not take up most of the time. Before the start of the pandemic, most of the patients did not smoke or drink alcohol, among them there were more women than men. The pattern of patients smoking during the pandemic remained the same as before the spread of coronavirus infection. Only a small proportion of men and women began to smoke slightly more. The number of patients who drink less alcohol during the spread of coronavirus infection is more than those who used the same as before the pandemic. It should be noted that almost a third of respondents began to drink alcohol more often, especially men. The World Health Organization recommends that people remain physically active even during the period of self-isolation. It is important to pay special attention to the preservation of the mental health of the population, in particular, measures to organize preventive measures, psychological support, the provision of psychotherapeutic and psychiatric care in conditions of long-term stress.

Характеристика епігенетичних факторів COVID-19 жінок фертильного віку, мешканок Харківської області, що перенесли коронавірусне інфікування

Purpose - to characterize the epigenetic factors of COVID-19 in women of childbearing age, residents of Kharkiv region who have had coronavirus infection, identified as a result of clinical and epidemiological studies. Materials and methods. This research investigates the potential epigenetic risk factors for COVID-19 onset and progression in women of childbearing age in the Kharkiv region. An original, comprehensive questionnaire designed to capture a wide range of health and socio-biological risk factors was disseminated among 100 women who had contracted the virus. Follow-up examinations and interviews were conducted with 26 of these women. The questionnaire covered a broad spectrum, including general information, social status, working conditions, smoking and alcohol use habits, sexual health history, and a interview. Results. The study revealed that a notable proportion of the surveyed women experienced adverse working conditions. 7.7% reported regular and 11.5% occasional exposure to chemically harmful environments. About 19.2% indicated consistent and 34.6% intermittent work-related nervous strain. Furthermore, 7.7% of the respondents identified persistent physical hazards at their workplace, while 23.1% experienced occupational harm. Among male partners, 3.8% always and 23.1% occasionally had contact with harmful vapours or chemicals at work. Epigenetic risk factors were determined using a clinical genealogical map. Occupational harm was absent before and after COVID-19 infection in 19.2% and 15.4% of women, respectively. Regarding harmful habits, 26.9% and 23.1% of women did not engage in tobacco smoking before and after COVID-19 infection, respectively, whereas 3.8% and 7.7% consumed alcohol. Past illnesses, such as rubella and Botkin's disease, were identified as potential epigenetic factors in 3.8% of women. Conclusions. It has been established that among the identified epigenetic risk factors that may directly or indirectly affect the spread of coronavirus infection in women residents of the Kharkiv region, the following require special attention of the doctor: contact with physical and chemical agents, past diseases and conditions, and bad habits, which may be important for the spread of the disease in women. It has been found that among the epigenetic factors of COVID-19, past illnesses and conditions are important - rubella was experienced by 3.8% of women before COVID-19, Botkin’s disease - 3.8%, and 3.8% of women before and after the disease. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.

Применение цифровых платформ в обучении персонала

Under the influence of constantly emerging new information technologies in several years there have occurred significant changes in both business and government organizations, not only large, but also in very small. Today, the prospects for the emergence of new organizational models are being thoroughly investigated, on the basis of which possible scenarios and areas of digital transformation of organizations are predicted. Research shows that special attention is paid to the formation of personal digital profiles of organizations, the search for the best digital models, and the study of the impact of digital technologies on personnel during the digital evolution of labor markets. Best practices show that every successful organization in the course of digital transformation determines the need to develop a personnel development strategy based on the goals and objectives, the degree of depth and timing of digital transformation. At the same time, during the formation and effective implementation of the digital strategy in the management of human resources of the organization, factors of professional readiness of personnel and cultural and psychological barriers to the introduction of digitalization of labor, hierarchical assessment of market and socio-economic benefits of digital transformation, etc. are not the least important. The study showed that if remote forms of employment, which were widely used during the spread of coronavirus infection, began to decline since the end of last year, then the trend towards digitalization of training of personnel of organizations after the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia not only persists, but also develops. The article analyzes the successful experience of implementing digital training for employees of the highest state audit body of Russia – the Accounting Chamber of the Russian Federation, which can be borrowed by other government and business organizations in order to make staff more efficient.