Spiritual Sphere Research Articles

FACTORS OF EDUCATION OF A PERFECT OF EDUCATION IN THE SPIRITUAL MATURITY OF A YOUNG MAN

This article is devoted to the important task of educating young people, informs that modern youth, effectively using the achievements of science, culture, education and the spiritual sphere, makes a significant contribution to the development of independent Uzbekistan.

Елордада өткен Дүниежүзі қазақтары құрылтайының тарихи маңызы (Үшінші, төртінші және бесінші Құрылтайлар)

Five kurultai of the World Kazakhs, invited to their Homeland, have a special place for the Kazakh people since our country cannot prosper without Kazakhs and move forward in the future. Each of the kurultai convened in the Kazakh country is unique in its historical significance. The article analyzes the problems associated with the Kazakh diaspora at three (III, IV, V) World Kazakh Kurultai held in the capital of independent Kazakhstan — Astana. The kurultai, which became a great gathering of the nation, was attended by representatives of the Kazakh diaspora living in more than forty countries of the world, many topical issues related to our compatriots were discussed. Kurultai of the Kazakhs of the world, which dates back to 1992, has become a platform for business communication between ethnic Kazakhs living in different parts of the world. Kurultai gave an opportunity to take a fresh look at the culture, history and traditions of the Kazakh people, to increase it. He also paved the way for the voluntary resettlement of our compatriots in Kazakhstan. The World Association of Kazakhs, created by the decision of the first Kurultai, convened thirty years ago, helped all Kazakhs to unite. He did a lot of work on relations with the Kazakh diaspora in the cultural and spiritual sphere. The article analyzed the problems associated with the Kazakh diaspora, and the work done related to the return to their homeland, at kurultais that took place in Astana, uniting the Kazakh diaspora. At three kurultais held in the capital, extensive information was presented about the Kazakh diaspora and the work carried out by the state related to the return of compatriots. At the conference, which was held as part of the third kurultai of the World Kazakhs, ways to solve the problems and migration of Kazakhs living abroad to their homeland were announced. Also, an analysis was made of the specifics of the three camps that took place in the capital after the first and second kurultais. Based on resolutions adopted at the meeting of the Kurultai, the ongoing work and activities related to the Kazakh diaspora abroad, and issues of its implementation were covered.

Нарциссическая культура в действии: власть, общество, безопасность, самоопределение

A response to the article by P.A. Orekhovsky and V.I. Razumov “The Onset of Narcissistic Culture: Consequences for Education, Science and Politics” is proposed. Agreeing with the theses of this article, the author offers a look at the problems posed from the standpoint of institutional and communication approaches. This approach seems methodologically justified and no less relevant, since the problems posed require a deeper explanation. It is shown that narcissism as a special cultural phenomenon is not only a factor external to the subjects, but is also a factor affecting class and group interests. Narcissistic culture should not be recognized as an object of manipulation, since it decisively affects state institutions, as well as social, economic, political and spiritual spheres. The ability of any cultural phenomenon to orient the state towards a person and his spiritual development is also expressed in the possibility of disorientation. It is proposed to consider narcissistic culture as a result of the influence of the theory of separation of powers introduced into the domestic state-building, which does not always contribute to the preservation of the state’s right to identity, dissimilarity and originality. The choice of such a principle of state development can be explained by the aesthetic ideal and the desire for beauty and perfection. At the same time, ignoring the influence of narcissistic culture on the relations of executive, legislative and judicial functions of state power, it is impossible to determine the state of group and class interests and the ways of further development of the state, security of its citizens. The influence of narcissistic culture on the activities of state institutions and authorities does not contribute to their consolidation and unification to solve current problems and ensure the real public interests of modern society and each of its members. The culture of narcissism, being a complex social phenomenon, has affected almost all spheres of human existence; from the psychological foundations of intimate relationships to the philosophical understanding of the structure of society. Personalization, narcissism, and the experience of inner emptiness are accompanied by depression, cruelty, indifference, lack of mercy and reverence for the world around them. The connection between narcissism and the materialization of thinking, the influence of the philosophy of science and technology on interference in human nature and its habitat is substantiated. The ways of getting out of narcissistic captivity and filling the deficit of a favorable attitude to oneself are proposed. The author concludes that youth, one of the properties of narcissistic culture, is a strong external factor capable of restoring the ability to live objectively here and now.

Специфика реализации системы оппозиций пейзажной образности в рассказах о детстве И. С. Шмелева 1906–1912 гг.

This article examines the features of how the system of semantic oppositions of landscape images is objectified in the stories about childhood by the writer of the Russian expatriate community Ivan Sergeevich Shmelev, created in 1906-1912. The research material constitutes the works The Sergeant, On Urgent Business, One Night, Gingerbread (the Doctor’s Story), Festive Heroes, Stars, Timid Silence, related to the pre-emigration period of the author’s ouevre. The aim of the work is to consider the artistic principle of antinomy, actualizing a wide range of images, including images of ‘happy childhood’, mellow autumn, night landscape, idyllic summer panoramic landscape, autumn melancholy landscape, ‘sacred’ landscape, spilt innocent blood. All together, they recreate a rich motivic spectrum containing motifs of abundance, spaciousness, peace, blissful silence, contrasted with a dead, graceless silence. The theme of the rebellious revolutionary city in the stories is interspersed with the theme of harmonious unity, opposing the discordant life of man and nature, as well as the themes of death, unjust murder and human cruelty. In the works of I. S. Shmelev, the theme of the unity of children and nature is closely connected with the poetization of the Russian landscape, paintings-images of a rapid children’s run, combined with aerial imagery and the theme of human talent, bestowed by God. In the structure of the artistic space of the stories, a contrasting idea of the ‘inner’ fertile home space filled with children’s light, warmth, love, and the ‘outer’ cold, dark space bearing torment and death is realized. Biblical allusions, closely related to the images of stars, among which the image of the Christmas Star stands out, and the Christmas chronotope, are associated with the meaning of the higher, spiritual sphere and the theme of death.

Теория и методология исследования культурной безопасности молодежи Юга России

The article aims at defining the concept of cultural security in the youth environment of the South of Russia and taking into account the specifics of the multicultural region. The methodology substantiates the multidimensional research construct, which is based on the actualized principles of socio-constructivist and socio-cultural approaches including the position of neo-institutionalism and social interactionism. The important result of the conducted research is the justification of cultural security in the youth environment of the South of Russia as the state of “unity in diversity”, the development of a common contour of youth action based on integrative cultural values, including permissible differences in the context of social and cultural risks. It is concluded, that the priority of cultural security is to achieve the synthesis of cultural tradition and cultural innovation in youth subcultures. The perspective of the research is the search for optimal ways of cultural security in the youth environment of the South of Russia based on the actualization of the model of cultural security presented in the study and as its consequences (implementations), the development of opportunities for cooperation between society, government structures and youth organizations in the direction of the stability of the cultural and spiritual sphere of the South of Russia.

The Impact of Globalisation on Legal Conduct

One of the adverse consequences of globalisation is the spread of illegal conduct in the world and an increase in crime rates. This circumstance determines the relevance of the subject under study. It is argued that the causes of illegal conduct are determined by the contradictions of social development, ideological confrontation, economic, political, social inequality of the world’s countries and the deformation of legal consciousness. The globalisation of the shadow economy, the emergence of new tax evasion schemes, including through offshore companies, laundering of proceeds from crime, piracy, raider seizures of other people’s property, arms trafficking, aggressive globalism in the foreign policy of a number of states, regional wars, domestic conflicts, information wars, arbitrary interpretation of certain religions, distortion of their principles by extremist organisations – all this causes the crisis state of the economy, politics, socio-cultural and spiritual spheres of society and crime in many countries of the globalised world. The purpose of this study is to highlight the understanding of illegal conduct through the lens of the adverse impact of globalisation processes on it. The methodological framework of this study comprises a system of philosophical and ideological, general scientific and special scientific principles and methods, namely principles of objectivity, concreteness, complexity; Aristotelian, systemic, structural-functional, formal legal, and comparison methods. The study found that illegal conduct in a globalised world is promoted by social contradictions generated by globalisation or stimulated by this process. It is noted that globalisation is contradictory. It has both positive and negative, anti-criminogenic and criminogenic properties, and criminogenics dominate – it is a peculiar consequence of both political, economic, and cultural expansion, and a significant stratification among the extraordinarily rich and poor not only at the national level, but also at the international level. Deformation of legal consciousness, extreme individualism, illegal conduct, crime, corruption affects the standard of living of society, contributes to the violation of human rights and forces us to independently search for numerous ways to realise legitimate interests, including illegal ones. The limitation of certain managerial capabilities of the state, which is necessarily the case in a globalised society, also has a negative impact on solving problems of human rights protection and crime prevention. It is proved that in general, globalisation contributes to inequality, injustice, the destruction of traditional values of society, people’s uncertainty about the future, the growing threat of illegitimate use of armed forces and aggression in the face of growing competition and imperial aspirations of individual governments. The scientific novelty of the article is an attempt to find all the globalisation factors that affect the deformation of legal conduct and stimulate the growth of crime rates. The results of the study contribute to finding ways to influence persons prone to illegal conduct, improving the means and methods of combating criminal organisations and individual criminals. This is the practical significance of the article

The Indian National Congress in the Memoirs of the British missionary G. Lunn

The subject of this article is the memoirs of the British Methodist missionary Henry Lunn about his stay in India and the activities of the Indian National Congress (INC) in 1887-1888. On the basis of G. Lanna's letters from the Madras presidency, his memoirs and newspaper publications, the ideas of a metropolitan resident about the socio-political life of India and the participation of the Christian community in it, the role and place of the INC in the national movement, the weaknesses and advantages of ideas and demands, the formation of oppositional INC currents are revealed. The composition and features of the social development of the Christian population of South India are considered. В The main conclusion of the study is that the British rule in India entailed significant changes in the spiritual sphere of Indian society, which resulted in an increase in the Christian population in the country and a wide spread of missionary activity. The Christian community, relatively small in comparison with others, was socially active, its representatives played a significant role in the formation of the INC and its activities in the early years of its existence. This was reflected in the memoirs of G. Lannes, who considered the emergence of the INC as a consequence of the progress brought to India by British rule and defended the idea of the need for the INC to cooperate with the colonial administration.

The Relations between Soviet Government Entities and Scientific Institutions in the Context of a Postmodern Approach to History

The article examines and analyzes the state structures of Soviet Ukraine in the 20s and 30s of the twentieth century, which were responsible for the organization, support and control in the field of culture and science of the country. In line with the postmodern transformations of this chronological segment, the system of state structures and their influence on the activities of semi-independent scientific organizations have been reconstructed. In view of postmodernism as a philosophical current, the nonviolent resistance of the scientific intelligentsia to proletarian culture, forced by the Soviet nomenklatura with a mass, uncompromising character, is revealed. The political processes around state structures and scientific organizations are reproduced in historical retrospect. The activity of scientific organizations of the above historical period is investigated and an attempt is made to reproduce their organizational and social network. The article proves that the evolution of modern society is due to the complex influence of a set of important trends and factors that determine the progressive development of its economic, political, social and spiritual spheres. The relevance of the study is due to modern transformation processes in a post-communist society focused on democratic, liberal European values. With the spread and development of liberal views in Ukrainian society, we are increasingly seeing the emergence of private scientific institutions, which are the prototypes of scientific organizations of the previous century. As a result, their internal activities and connections with other organizations are of great interest today, not only among scientists, but also among business representatives. This necessitates a more in-depth development of this problem, taking into account the evolution of the theory and practice of social and public administration of various forms of ownership of organizations and enterprises.

Askochensky brothers: Arystarkh — a doctor, Victor — a publicist

The article presents the life path and professional activity of Askochensky brothers from the clergy family. The elder brother Victor (1813–1879) chose for himself the mission of improving and developing the spiritual sphere of a person. The younger brother Arystarkh (1817–1896) received medical education. He worked as a zemstvo doctor in the Yekaterynoslav region (modern Dnipro-petrovsk region). He became a doctor of medicine, a military doctor. The Askochensky brothers made a significant contribution to the development of medical science and practice, to the journalistic and cultural-educational spheres.

Artistic Labyrinths and the Tower of Babel. A Comparative Look at the Exhibitions: Documenta 5, Les Immatériaux and Labyrinth – an Underground Space

In this article, I would like to compare three exhibitions: documenta 5 in Kassel (1972), Les Immatériaux at the Centre Pompidou in Paris (1985) and Labyrinth – An Underground Space at the Church of the Ascension of Christ in Warsaw (1989). These exhibitions are different in terms of their scale, fame, works presented and venue, and marked by different local contexts. The visions of art that the organisers – Harald Szeemann, Jean-François Lyotard and Janusz Bogucki – wanted to articulate through them seem to me an ideal example of reflecting on the integrity or heterogeneity of contemporary artistic activity. It is clear that the exhibitions discussed here were based on a pattern of wandering with the inherent figure of the tower-labyrinth of Babel. Therefore, the topos of the Tower of Babel, revolving around the theme of unity and dispersion, is quite fundamental to these reflections. Bogucki and Lyotard were to some extent similar in their diagnosis of contemporary art, which they saw in terms of dispersion and a great diversity of styles, motivations and references to reality – just like Szeemann, in fact. While Bogucki was searching for some universal ground of understanding in a situation of "confusion of tongues" in the sphere of spirituality, Szeemann delved into and explored separate artistic worlds operating in the registers of triviality and spirituality. In comparison, Lyotard, like other postmodernists, described dispersion as a condition inherent in the present.

SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE AS A COMPONENT OF THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS

Social infrastructure is one of the most significant internal factors of the quality and standard of living of the rural population. The state of social infrastructure determines the residential attractiveness of rural areas. We believe that social infrastructure is a set of interconnected, harmoniously functioning industries, enterprises, organizations and institutions, types of activity, as well as economic relations and human potential, combined in a single integrated system that functions to meet the needs of all segments of the population in the sphere of spirituality, material support and reproduction of human capital. It is worth noting that the branches of social infrastructure have specific features: first, they are characterized by significant labor intensity compared to the production of material goods; secondly, the share of material costs in the final production of services is significantly lower than in the case of the production of material goods; thirdly, a significant percentage of the assets of economic entities in the social sphere is money. Currently, the most urgent problems are the preservation of the potential of health care, education and culture of the rural population. The turnover of medical staff, teachers, and cultural workers is increasing in the village. The level of improvement of villages remains low. The multiplicity of social infrastructure development directions in conditions of uncertainty and unpredictability of socio-economic development parameters of rural areas allows us to conclude about the need to introduce a strategic level of management to solve the task of determining priority directions for the development of social infrastructure objects. The conceptual model of strategic development of social infrastructure will provide a mechanism for realizing long-term investment goals related to improving the quality of life of the population, as well as socio-economic development of rural areas.

HERMENEUTIC MODEL OF ORIGINS OF UKRAINIAN AVANT-GARDE PAINTING ART

Based on the analysis of the provisions of the avant-garde theory of Peter Burger, art theorists José Ortega y Gasset, a hermeneutic model of forming the origins of Ukrainian avant-garde painting is proposed. It is argued that the emergence of the avant-garde is a creative reflection on changes in the economic subsystems of society and the phenomenon of self-criticism of art, a projection of the historical progress of art through the development of society. The hermeneutic model of avant-garde art is based on a structural analysis of the artistic process in its specific historical conditions of development. At the heart of the avant-garde, there is an attempt to establish a new ideal of justice through the destruction of tradition, which allows to interpret works of the avant-garde art as a narrative scheme in which the ideological ideas and social expectations do not match the real social function. In the process of development of the avantgarde, there is a change in the institutional essence of art, and the contradictions between the traditional ways of artistic reflection and the new artistic means of figurative creation constitute the basis of its aesthetics. The avant-garde appears as a new aesthetic category against the background of historical events of human development, as a tool for developing an aesthetic code. The avant-garde abolished the unified style and canon, and made the category of the artistic method a universal, universal artistic category, which opened the anthropological infinity of the world of art in its nonsocial meaning. The Ukrainian artistic avant-garde was formed on the basis of a synthesis of advanced ideas of European aesthetics with elements of national culture. Aesthetic concepts of European avant-garde trends served as a creative basis for the avant-garde trends in Ukrainian art, which include Cubo-Futurism, Suprematism, and Cubism in sculpture. The avant-garde is an integral part of the relationship in the art and society dichotomy, as a social phenomenon in the spiritual sphere, which corresponds to the logic of the development of society.

PSYCHOEMOTIONAL GENESIS OF RISKS OF PERSONAL INJURY DUE TO NEGATIVE INFLUENCE OF MEDIAPERCEPTIVE COMMUNICATION

The article is devoted to the study of psycho-emotional risks of damage to the mental sphere of the individual due to the negative impact of media-perceptive communication and a retrospective analysis of the study of the outlined issues. The article attempts to differentiate the risks of damage to the personality by the negative impact of media-perceptive communication according to the intensity of such impact. The conducted research made it possible to determine the dependence of the change in the addressee’s emotional state on the direction of the communicative act (text) in order to achieve a certain pragmatic effect. It is noted that emotional experiences in the psychological understanding of the negative impact of media-perceptive communication on a person should be perceived as a signal, a manifestation of the fact that external conditions actively excite the maximum of the subject’s mental processes, most of the components of his mental and psychological sphere. It is noted that the emotional effects of media-perceptive influence not only affect the activation of mental processes, they also determine the emotional background, the emotional coloring of mental processes. Adaptation of the subject to the conditions of existence is ensured by purposeful behavior. Emotions and feelings are woven into behavior and in similar conditions determine fixed forms of behavior. Theoretical analysis revealed that all sensory signals first acquire an emotional evaluation (emotionally weighty, attractive or vice versa) and only then make the transition to the level of consciousness (thought analysis). As a result, emotions are able to control human behavior, so the perception of media-perceptual influences often becomes decisive. We have found out that the smaller the emotional response of the message, the lower the risk of the individual being affected by the negative impact of media-perceptive communication. The use of this regularity can prevent the negative impact of information on the psyche, change of orientations in the moral and spiritual sphere, imposition of inaccurate and false information on the addressee, etc. The author summarizes the mental consequences of the influence of informational threats, manifested in the form of frustrations, affective disorders, psychosomatic pathologies, post-stress personality changes, which threaten a person’s sense of psychological security and lead to a decrease in the quality of the subject’s functioning in various spheres of his life.

Jadidism: ideology, conceptual approaches and practice

The article is devoted to the analysis of the ideology of Jadidism. Jadidism is a movement that played a certain role in the enlightenment of the Turkic peoples that were part of the Russian Empire. At the same time, it is important to note that at the initial stage, this movement advocated the reform of school education, cultural modernization in general, and at the last stage put forward the idea of national independence. The author concludes that Jadidism had a socio-cultural, political role in the life of the Turkic peoples, in the formation of national self-consciousness, in the formulation of the idea of national independence based on studying the works of researchers on this issue. When analyzing the movement, the researcher emphasizes the role of Islam in the ideology of Jadidism as one of the decisive factors in the formation of the movement and an important consolidating aspect, which was the foundation of the spiritual life of the Turkic peoples and permeated all areas of public life. Also, the author in the article consolidates the thesis of Jadidism as a movement that has gone through several stages in its development, showing the evolution of ideology, the transformation of the cultural and educational nature of the movement into a political one. Thus, the author considers it necessary to reveal the features of such a movement as Jadidism, that is, a social movement and force that acted on the eve of the October Revolution from positions that were alternative to the communist perspective. Jadidism was that powerful factor that contributed to the reform and modernization of society in the context of the widespread suppression of the freedom-loving aspirations of indigenous peoples, stagnation in the spiritual sphere. Therefore, initially, the Jadids sought, first, to modernize the spiritual sphere by creating new method schools, organizing the publication of newspapers, etc., thereby paving the way for the emergence of national secular education, renewal of spiritual life, and, ultimately, the rise of national self-consciousness.

ОБРАЗ А. ЛІНКОЛЬНА В КОЛЕКТИВНІЙ ПАМ’ЯТІ СУСПІЛЬСТВА США В РОКИ ДРУГОЇ СВІТОВОЇ ВІЙНИ

The article is devoted to one of the elements of the formation and adaptation of the historical memory of American society at a critical moment in their state’s history. The study is focused on the perception and transformation of the image of A. Lincoln in the public consciousness on the eve and in the midst of the largest world conflict. In particular, it is demonstrated how the A. Lincoln’s name was used in various spheres of American culture and politics to find a moral point of support and a value justification for the need to fight. The methodological basis of the article was the principle of historicism, systematic approach, problem-chronological method and descriptive method. The study’s theoretical basis is the concept of «cultural memory» of society, which is one of the elements of the broader phenomenon of «collective memory». The application of this theoretical toolkit provided an opportunity to cover the development of American society’s spiritual sphere and determine its value orientations in historical dynamics. Considering that virtually every society in the world, in one way or another, uses the names of historical figures to form its collective memory, this angle of consideration of the issue makes it relevant for the modern Ukrainian state as well. Conclusions. The study shows that the socio-political, economic, and cultural contexts that have been established in the country in certain historical periods, directly affect the formation of society’s cultural memory. In democracies with deep-rooted market economies, such as the United States, the collective perception of the past is decentralized, and the state plays a minimal role in the process. The thesis about the dependence of the formed images of separate historical figures on the socio-cultural, political, and economic context is also substantiated. This statement is proved by the example of Americans’ perception of the memory of the sixteenth President of the United States A. Lincoln in different historical periods of its development.

ЗНАЧЕННЯ ДУХОВНИХ ЦІННОСТЕЙ У ЖИТТІ УКРАЇНСЬКОГО СУСПІЛЬСТВА

The goal of research is analysis of value of spiritual values in life of Ukrainian society. Principles of scientific and historicism for delineation influence of globalization for Ukrainians’ values and accounting transitional period of their formation are used. Among general scientific methods of researching search heuristic — for searching and selection sources that concern topic; induction and deduction — for displaying Ukrainian traditional spirituality specifics; analysis and synthesis — for characteristic value of spiritual values for Ukrainian society are used. Among spesial-historic methods historic-genetic — for displaying circumstances of existence and functionship of spiritual values in Ukraine; complex thematic method — for searching and selection sources that conform the topic and chronological frameworks of research are used. In results of research justified that spiritual sphere determines level of development and specifics of society. Longevity of formation Ukrainiana’ spiritual values and their specifics are marked. Ukrainian culture orientation for Western values is showed. Cursory role of power in formation Ukrainians’ value priorities was marked. Determined that thirty years of independence of Ukraine is transitional period of formation Ukrainians’ spiritual values. The globalization influence for formation of Ukrainians’ spirituality was separated. Threats of society development in spiritual sphere are determined. In conclusions the influence of spiritual values for young, restoration of Ukrainians’ tradition spirituality, formation of democracy, that condition positive shifts in statebuilding processes of Ukraine are analised. Showed that Ukrainians’ spiritual values are integral for saving state security and compliance of Christian priorities. Determined that Ukrainians’ spirituality is condition of patriotism formation. Further development acquired thesis about assistance of spiritual consolidation of society in Ukraine.

Молодежная периодическая печать как средство патриотического воспитания в годы Великой Отечественной войны

The beginning of the 21st century was a time of comprehension of the results of the past century. Up until now the Great Patriotic War remains one of the most tragic pages in the history of our country. The victory over fascism was won not only on the battlefields, but also in the spiritual sphere. Considerable merit in this belonged to the youth press, which acted as the most important means of patriotic education of young people, mobilizing them to fight the enemy. The theme of protecting the Motherland became the leading one, which has ensured high efficiency and effectiveness of printed publications. An appeal to national pride, to the country's military successes in the past, has begun. The propaganda of love for one's Fatherland is closely associated with the exposure of the essence of German fascism, the inculcation of hatred for the invaders. Print media participated in the organization of mass training of combat reserves for the front, provided the population with significant assistance in mastering defense knowledge. The youth press is a valuable source for studying the exploits of young people who fought at the fronts and in the rear of the fascist German troops; labor and patriotic achievements of the youth of the Soviet rear. One of the most important functions of journalism was conducting of propaganda among the population of the areas temporarily occupied by the enemy. The most important aspect of the work of the youth press was the development and strengthening of ties between the front and the rear, consolidation of moral and political unity of the Soviet people. That said the experience of youth periodicals of the war period due to the richness of the content, variety of forms and methods of work and its high efficiency is still relevant and highly topical in our days.

Methodological functions of the Philosophy of Law

The author insists that the methodology of law has pronounced distinctive features, which are determined primarily by the originality and originality of the subject of legal development of social existence. Such development takes place both in the spiritual sphere and in the purely practical sphere. At the same time, the methodology of law is structured at three levels: fundamental, general scientific and private scientific. This work is devoted to the comprehension of the first, the most significant of them

«ПАСТОР ЛОПАРСЬКИЙ»: ЖИТТЯ ТА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ БЕНТА ЙОНСОНА – БАТЬКА СААМСЬКОГО КУЛЬТУРНОГО ВІДРОДЖЕННЯ ТА СААМСЬКОЇ ПРОСВІТИ

The article discusses the life and work of one of the most prominent representatives of the Sámi national and cultural revival – the pastor of the Swedish Lutheran Church Bent Jonzon. The author shows the life of this church figure, highlights the factors that influenced his personal and worldview formation, as well as the formation of those traits and qualities that helped him implement programs in education, language and culture of the Sámi people. This paper describes in detail the career of a Swedish clergyman and assesses his human qualities in various positions. The focus is on his achievements in the field of language and education policy and those specific successes in the work of B. Jonzon as Bishop of Lulea. The author does not ignore the personalities with whom «Pastor of Lapp» cooperated and who supported all the initiatives of the dignitary and actively participated in his projects. The article describes in detail the scientific and creative heritage of B. Jonzon, his contribution to the field research of the Swedish Lapland Sámi. The attention is concentrated on the process of reforming the Sámi school education, the creation of the Sámi Academy (High School), the positive changes in the use of the Sámi language in the spiritual and secular spheres, and the process of «reconciliation» between the Lutheran Church and the Sámi people due to Bishop B. Jonzon. The study highlights the role and significance of the Swedish dignitary in international and interfaith interaction.

МЕТОДОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ОСНОВА ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ КОСМИЗМА ДЛЯ РАЗВИТИЯ ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКОЙ ТЕОРИИ И ПРАКТИКИ

Th e relevance of the stated issue is connected with the incompleteness of the transformation in modern education, which requires the search for innovative tools and methods to solve existing problems. Th e application of cosmism methodology to pedagogical practice seems important in the context of educational system modernization based on the principles of personality-oriented education and universal values. Taking into account the insuffi cient knowledge of the ontology of pedagogical cosmism, the chosen direction of research seems to be relevant. Th e purpose of the work is to study practice-oriented application of the ideas of cosmism in the framework of humanistic paradigm development to student-centered education in modern educational environment. Results. Th e most signifi cant results of the study, characterizing its scientifi c novelty, are the following:1. Th e methodological basis of the concept of cosmism lies in the assumption of the organic unity of Man, Mankind and the Cosmos, supporting the legitimacy of cosmic consciousness as a concept, defi ning Man as a unique Microcosm. 2. In the framework of the pedagogical concept of cosmism, the main direction is the spiritual education of the child, which consists in the discovery of the “higher self ”, controlling all spheres of the personality. It also involves the improvement of the emotional, mental, physical and spiritual spheres of personality in order to form a unique quality, elevating a person to the next stage of spiritual evolution. 3. Modern trends in educational policy are consonant with the ideas, formed in pedagogical concept of cosmism. Th ey include systemic integrity of the tasks, principles and directions of education and upbringing, regarding education as a process of development, and the ability of self-improvement of the individual. 4. Application of the ideas of cosmism is focused on solving the problems that modern education faces, including the ethical problem of education and the search for the best solutions to develop talents. Th ese problems also include pedagogical assistance to self-improvement, and foundation of a new type of school, supporting sustainable and continuous development. Conclusion. On the basis of the concept of cosmism and of the methodological guidelines of cosmopedagogy, analyzed in the work, it was concluded that comprehensive development of the individual is possible through the disclosure of creative energy aimed at harmonizing the inner world.