Holographic gratings are widely used in spectrographs and monochromators, since they make it possible to control the most important aberrations. However, there are at most three degrees of freedom in determining the positions of the two mutually coherent point sources relative to the grating substrate for a planar recording system. Recording in an aspheric wavefront by means of ellipsoidal mirrors has been used to provide a larger number of free parameters. The aspherical optics approach, with its production and testing, is a complex task, and this solution is not suitable for optical production. Recording by means of spherical diffraction gratings was proposed for apparatus operating on a Rowland circle. Since only recording in copropagating beams was considered, the application of the method was limited to certain particular optical systems. The recording of concave gratings in counterpropagating beams by means of a complex system consisting of several lenses was proposed in Ref. 3. The use of such refractive optics with any holographic recording increases the scattered light level and degrades the quality of the final grating. Recording by means of a spherical diffraction grating and counterpropagating recording beams is free from all the disadvantages mentioned above. The holographic recording apparatus using counterpropagating beams proposed in Ref. 7 is more workable. However, from the standpoint of correcting aberrations, the use of this system is extremely limited.