AbstractBackgroundThere is a need for accessible and affordable ways to assess biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Event‐related potentials (ERPs) are associated with disease severity of AD (Fruehwirt et al., 2019) and are a candidate biomarker for AD (Olichney et al., 2022). There is, however, little understanding of how ERP components relate to neurodegeneration of specific brain structures in AD.MethodWe investigated the correlation between electrophysiology, as measured by ERPs and brain structure using quantitative structural MRI measurements using FreeSurfer. A dataset containing older veteran memory disorders patients (N = 25) from VA Boston Healthcare System was analyzed. Participants completed an MRI and an auditory oddball task ERP paradigm.ResultAn exploratory analysis was performed using a Pearson correlation coefficient to evaluate the relationship between ERPs and the thickness and volume of different cortical areas. There was a negative relationship between P300 target amplitude and inferior temporal volume (p < .05), as well as P300 target latency and thickness of the superior temporal (p < .05) and transverse temporal regions (p < .01). P200 standard amplitude had a positive correlation with thickness in the middle temporal (p < .01), and superior temporal regions (p ≤ .05), and P200 target latency had a negative correlation with thickness of the superior temporal region (p < .05). N200 target amplitude had a negative correlation with the superior parietal volume (right hemisphere = p ≤ .05, left hemisphere = p ≤ .01), left inferior temporal volume (p ≤ .05), and the middle temporal volume (left = p ≤ .05, right = p ≤ .01). N200 target latency was negatively correlated with right superior parietal volume (p ≤ .05).ConclusionA correlation was found between ERP measures P200, N200 and P300 with cortical thickness and volume of areas that are commonly impacted by AD pathology, further substantiating use of ERPs as possible AD biomarkers. We conclude that ERPs provide insights as to structural changes of brain structures affected by AD pathology. ERPs could help inform areas of brain atrophy and related patterns of cognitive impairment.