Specific Radius Research Articles

Ultranarrow-linewidth stimulated Brillouin scattering with fundamental acoustic waves

Stimulated Brillouin scattering is a well-known nonlinear optical interaction valued for applications including narrow-linewidth lasers, phase conjugation, sensing, and RF-signal processing such as delay lines and filters. While interaction strength and linewidth directly affect device performance, most strongly interacting Brillouin systems have linewidths of many MHz, limited by the high frequency of the participating acoustic waves. By engineering Forward Inter-Modal Brillouin interactions to access the Fundamental Acoustic Modes (FIM-FAM), strong Brillouin coupling can be extended over a wide frequency range, including lower frequencies that support significantly narrower linewidths. In this work, sub-MHz Brillouin linewidths as narrow as 110 kHz are observed in tapered optical fibers with homogeneous waists. Tight confinement of both the optical and acoustic waves yields Brillouin gains over a thousand times higher than traditional backward Brillouin scattering in standard fibers, and a long waist and low-loss transitions enable a Brillouin interaction strength nearly a hundred times greater than prior taper-based FIM-FAM demonstrations. A specific radius and comprehensive polarization control suppress background scattering by over 40 dB relative to the signal. A comprehensive theoretical model is developed accounting for the dynamical behavior of optical and acoustic waves, reproducing qualitative behavior for several experimental configurations. In addition, the dependence of homogeneity of the linewidth is investigated and reveals a route toward further linewidth reduction by controlling phase-matched frequency variations throughout the waist. Extending strongly coupled Brillouin interactions to ultranarrow linewidths with a recipe for fabrication, detailed characterization techniques, and a comprehensive theoretical treatment will benefit high-performance Brillouin-based photonic applications.

A method to model the electromagnetic performance of bent CORC® wires for SMES magnets

Due to the limited current carrying capacity of a single superconducting tape, high temperature superconducting composite conductors must be used for hundred MJ level High Temperature Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (HT-SMES). Conductor on Round Core (CORC®) wires are a highly promising high-temperature superconducting composite conductor.The time-varying loss is the critical electromagnetic performance of CORC® wires. When CORC® wires are wound into a coil to supply a large current, the bending configuration increases the risk of overload of refrigeration system due to AC loss. This paper presents a modeling and numerical simulation method for bent CORC® wires and investigates its transport and magnetization loss subsequently. First, a three-dimensional (3D) model of a straight CORC® wire was modeled and bent to different bending radii based on SolidWorks. Then, on the basis of published studies, the AC loss was calculated for various bending radii of CORC® wires. Finally, the variation of magnetization loss of bent CORC® wires under various background magnetic fields was investigated in a detailed parametric study. The simulation results show that for the CORC® wires with the parameters presented in this paper, there is a specific bending radius that minimizes the AC loss for CORC® wires, while it has almost no effect to magnetization loss. Furthermore, reducing this angle between background magnetic field and the plane where the bent CORC® wires is located can significantly suppress the magnetization loss. In conclusion, in comparison with winding superconducting tapes directly on a circular former, the modeling method proposed in this paper not only guarantees the accuracy of the winding parameters, but also provides a geometry basis for the electromagnetic-thermo-mechanical analysis of the bent CORC® wires.

Multi-graph attention temporal convolutional network-based radius prediction in three-roller bending of thin-walled parts

Three-roller bending is the key production process for aerospace products, which forms thin-walled parts into a curved shape with a specific radius through multiple passes of these parts between loaded rollers. Radius prediction is of great importance for reasonable bending process control for desired curves. However, due to the various influence factors and the complicated interaction between successive passes, it prevents high accuracy of radius prediction. The prediction model based on multi-graph attention temporal convolutional network is therefore proposed to deal with these challenges. First, multiple graphs are constructed from multi-pass observations from three-roller bending process, with each graph representing the influencing factors of a specific pass. Second, graph attention mechanism explores the coupling effects of influence factors on the radius and realizes the extraction of key factors for each graph. Third, temporal convolutional network reveals the interaction between successive passes by establishing the connection between different graphs, and provides the radius prediction at each pass. In comparative experiments based on simulated data and experimental data collected from real cases, the results demonstrate the higher prediction accuracy of the proposed method over traditional methods.

Connecting Chromatin Structures to Gene Regulation Using Dynamic Polymer Simulations.

The transfer of regulatory information between distal loci on chromatin is thought to involve physical proximity, but key biophysical features of these contacts remain unclear. For instance, it is unknown how close and for how long two loci need to be in order to productively interact. The main challenge is that it is currently impossible to measure chromatin dynamics with high spatiotemporal resolution at scale. Polymer simulations provide an accessible and rigorous way to test biophysical models of chromatin regulation, yet there is a lack of simple and general methods for extracting the values of model parameters. Here we adapt the Nelder-Mead simplex optimization algorithm to select the best polymer model matching a given Hi-C dataset, using the MYC locus as an example. The model's biophysical parameters predict a compartmental rearrangement of the MYC locus in leukemia, which we validate with single-cell measurements. Leveraging trajectories predicted by the model, we find that loci with similar Hi-C contact frequencies can exhibit widely different contact dynamics. Interestingly, the frequency of productive interactions between loci exhibits a non-linear relationship with their Hi-C contact frequency when we enforce a specific capture radius and contact duration. These observations are consistent with recent experimental observations and suggest that the dynamic ensemble of chromatin configurations, rather than average contact matrices, is required to fully predict productive long-range chromatin interactions.

Scaling laws for optimal power-law fluid flow within converging–diverging dendritic networks of tubes and rectangular channels

Flows in dendritic–fractal networks have garnered extensive research attention, but most studies assume a constant tube or channel cross section. In many applications, the cross section of the tube or channel changes as the flow progresses through it, such as the blood flow through the arterial system, which is a prime example of a deformable or non-uniform tree-like network. Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning ductwork also exemplify a tree-like network with varying cross sections. This research investigates power-law fluid flows in the converging–diverging tubes and rectangular channels, prevalent in engineered microfluidic devices, many industrial processes, and heat transfer applications. Power-law fluid flows through linear, parabolic, hyperbolic, hyperbolic cosine, and sinusoidal converging–diverging dendritic networks of tubes and rectangular channels are studied. The flow is assumed to be steady, incompressible, two-dimensional planar, and axisymmetric laminar flow without considering network losses. A theoretical model has been derived to evaluate the flow conductance under network volume and surface-area constraints. The flow conductance is highly sensitive to network geometry. The effective conductance of all networks increases with increasing daughter-to-parent radius ratio before eventually declining. The maximum conductance occurs when a specific radius or channel-height daughter–parent ratio β* is achieved. This value depends on the constraint and vessel geometry, such as tubes or rectangular channels. The optimal flow conditions for maximum conductance in a constrained tube volume network, βmax*=βmin*=N−1/3, while for a constrained tube's surface-area network, βmax*=βmin*=N−(n+1)/(3n+2). This scaling applies to all converging–diverging tube network profiles. Here, βmax*, βmin* are the radius ratios of the daughter–parent pair at the maximum divergent or minimum convergent part of the vessel. N represents the number of branches splitting at each junction, and n is the power-law index of the fluid. Furthermore, the optimal flow scaling for the height ratio in the rectangular channel, βmax*=βmin*=N−1/2α−1/2 for constrained channel volume and βmax*=βmin*=N−1/2α−n/(2n+2) for constrained surface area for all converging–diverging channel networks, respectively, where α is the channel-width ratio between parent and daughter branches. Additionally, at optimal conditions in both the channels and tube network, pressure drops are equally partitioned across each branching level. The results in this work are validated with experiments and existing theories for limiting conditions. This research expands existing design principles for efficient flow systems, previously in the literature developed for uniform vessels, to encompass non-uniform converging–diverging vessels. Additionally, it provides a valuable framework for studying non-Newtonian flows within complex, non-uniform tree-like networks.

Limiting the Broadcast Range of a Secreting Cell during Intercellular Signaling Using Protease-Mediated Degradation.

Synthetic biology is revolutionizing our approaches to biocomputing, diagnostics, and environmental monitoring through the use of designed genetic circuits that perform a function within a single cell. More complex functions can be performed by multiple cells that coordinate as they perform different subtasks. Cell-cell communication using molecular signals is particularly suited for aiding in this communication, but the number of molecules that can be used in different communication channels is limited. Here we investigate how proteases can limit the broadcast range of communicating cells. We find that adding barrierpepsin to Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells in two-dimensional multicellular networks that use α-factor signaling prevents cells beyond a specific radius from responding to α-factor signals. Such limiting of the broadcast range of cells could allow multiple cells to use the same signaling molecules to direct different communication processes and functions, provided that they are far enough from one another. These results suggest a means by which complex synthetic cellular networks using only a few signals for communication could be created by structuring a community of cells to create distinct broadcast environments.

Apparent Modulus of Honeycomb Structure: A Guideline for Porous Structure Implant Design

Objectives: To investigated the apparent modulus of honeycomb to be used as a guideline for facilitating porous structure implant design. Methods: Apparent modulus of each honeycomb model was developed based on finite element analysis. Geometry of honeycomb structures included circumcircle radius of 2 mm, 3 mm, and 4 mm with wall high of 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.5 mm, and 2.0 mm. Results: Hexagonal shape of honeycomb structure with circumcircle radius 2 mm was compared with circle with 2 mm diameter, both with wall thickness of 1 mm. The relationship is beset described by logarithm equation with coefficient of correlation above 0.99. It was found that reduction of modulus for circular shape is 60 percents. The value is greater than hexagonal pattern which is 50 percents of reduction. Conclusions: The relationship between height of honeycomb and reduction of apparent modulus of each specific circumcircle radius of honeycomb is beset described in logarithm equation and as a guideline for facilitating porous structure implant design.

GEOSILENCE – LOCATION TRIGERRED DEVICE MUTING

Mobile devices have become an integral part of human lifestyle. The convenience offered by mobile devices usage can’t be denied. However, there are growing concerns about the disturbances caused by usage of mobile devices. One of the concerns is the disturbances caused by ringing sound of mobile devices at places that require silence such as mosque, library, cinema, and meeting room. Mobile device owners often forget to turn on silence mode on their devices in these places. To overcome such problem, this paper proposes an auto-notification application for mobile device using geofencing technique. Geofencing technique is used to detect virtual boundary that have been preset around required places. When a user enters the particular place, the application will detect that the user’s mobile device has crossed the virtual boundary and will automatically notify the user to turn the silence mode on the device. The opposite process will happen when the user crosses the boundary to exit the place. The main advantage of the application is that it will remind mobile device users to mute their devices when they are entering places that require silence. Nearly everything around us holds significance, be it data, expensive items, land, people and/or animals. It is essential that we keep all that matters to us safe and secure. To employ the highest form of security, we want to keep track of all the significant things on our own. This gives rise to the need for the meantime tracking o anything which is highly valuable to us. Hence, GPS tracking is employed in this technological solution to keep track. Innovative technology, based on telematics and satellite positioning, is the subject of this study on geofencing. With the use of geofencing technology, users can create virtual boundaries in the context of the actual world. By automatically detecting when monitored mobile items enter or leave geographical areas that are encircled by a virtual fence, it aids in the surveillance of those areas. A geofence is a virtual barrier that is set up around a specific region of interest utilizing several technologies, including Wi-Fi, cellular mobile, RFID, and GPS. A specific radius area on the map can be specified by the user. If any entry or exit is made from that location, they will be updated in real time. This assures the asset's safety and security and provides a system for inspection to deter any unwanted activity. Keyword : Auto notification,Cellular mobile, Geofencing, GPS, Mobile device, RFID, Window phone.

Revealing the correlation between the performance of silica-based DAC adsorbents and their pore natures

Direct air capture (DAC) technology is a potential carbon negative process, which can effectively reduce the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere. Amine-functionalized porous materials are promising because of their high ratio of accessible amino groups and fast adsorption/desorption kinetics. This work reveals the correlation between the specific surface area, pore radius, and pore volume of the silica-based DAC adsorbents and their CO2 adsorption capacity and adsorption rate. Four typical silica-based DAC adsorbent materials loaded with polyethylenimine (PEI) were studied, including hydrophilic fumed silica (HFS), Santa Barbara Amorphous-15 (SBA-15), Mobil Crystalline Materials-41 (MCM-41), and silica gel (SG). It is observed that when the PEI loading is constant, adsorbent materials with larger specific surface area, larger pore radius, and larger pore volume tend to show the higher adsorption capacity and faster adsorption-desorption rate. Humidity is beneficial for the CO2 capture capacity, but it slows down the CO2 uptake rate at the same time. The capacity of 50%PEI@SBA-15 adsorbent can reach to 3.24 mmol/g under 90% relative humidity (RH). Supports with small pore radius tend to have unfavorable performance at dry conditions. After the inlet gas is humidified, the CO2 capacity of the MCM-41 material is enhanced greatly, from 0.91 mmol/g to 2.92 mmol/g. This work provides guiding principle for synthesizing appropriate adsorbents with higher DAC capacity, higher adsorption and desorption rate at ambient conditions.

Electrodialysis desalination: Borophene membrane for ion separation using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics

Utilizing non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations, we examined the ion separation facilitated by an electric field through a borophene sheet with pores. This research was inspired by the potential use of such a system in membrane-driven desalination of sea and ocean waters. Our findings indicate a marked improvement in separating both negative and positive ions from water, contingent upon electric field strength and the radius of the membrane pore. Notably, beyond a specific pore radius, this enhancement reaches a saturation point. The results highlight the potential of a high-efficiency system for producing fresh water from saline sources, emphasizing the synergistic effect of membrane porosity and the strength of the applied electric field.

Numerical investigation of hydrocyclone inlet configurations for improving separation performance

Optimizing hydrocyclone inlet design is regarded as an effective strategy to mitigate the adverse effect of particle misplacement and improves separation efficiency. This work proposes innovative hydrocyclone designs based on spiral inlet with a specific spiral angle and tangential inlet with a specific curvature radius. The new designs are evaluated and compared with a standard design using a validated two–fluid model. The separation performance, flow characteristics and volume fraction distribution are considered in the evaluation. An optimum spiral inlet design is identified, with an inlet spiral angle of 90° under the current conditions. This inlet design evidently improves the tangential velocity, strengthens the stability of the air core and reduces short-circuit flows. Additionally, the new inlets help improve the volume fraction of coarse particles in the region near the spigot, mitigating the misplacement of coarse and fine particles. This study offers a new perspective for improving hydrocyclone flows and performance.

Development of biochar/HDPE composites and characterization of the effects of carbon loadings on the electromagnetic shielding properties

The aim of this research is to develop high carbon-yielding biochar from pinewood, coffee husk, sugarcane bagasse, and maize cob and to characterize the biochar/HDPE composites for electromagnetic (EM) shielding application. During the biochar/HDPE composites fabrication, slow pyrolysis and compression molding manufacturing were used. The enhanced properties characterizations were conducted by using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential thermal analysis (DTA), Fourier transform spectrometry (FTIR), Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) analysis, digital multi-meter, and proximity analysis. The results of biochar pyrolysis showed the maximum carbon yield of 74.6 %, 68.9 %, 68.4 %, and 40 % for pine wood, maize cob, sugarcane bagasse, and coffee husk respectively. The BET analysis showed the maximum specific surface area (734.5 m2/g), pore volume (0.2364 cm3/g), and pore radius (9.897 Å) from the pine wood biochar. The biochar loading analysis results showed that the 30 % and 40 % pine wood biochar significantly enhanced the electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, thermal stability, crystallinity, and EM shielding effectiveness (SE) of the biochar/HDPE composites. In particular, the biochar/HDPE composite with 30 wt% pine wood biochar showed the highest thermal conductivity of 2.219 W/mK, and the 40 wt% pine wood biochar/HDPE composite achieved the highest electrical conductivity of 4.67 × 10−7 S/cm and EM SE of 44.03 dB at 2.1 GHz.

Research on the Influence of Confucian Culture on Enterprise Agency Conflicts

With Chinese listed companies from 2008 to 2019 as research samples, this paper takes the number of Confucian academies within a specific radius of the enterprise as the proxy variable of Confucian culture, which found that Confucian culture is negatively correlated with enterprise agency conflicts and can reduce enterprise agency conflicts. Furthermore, the relief effect of Confucian culture on agency conflict is more apparent in private enterprises and areas with high legalization and more openness to the outside world. The conclusion of this paper further enriches the research on the influence of informal institutions on corporate governance, which also provides some reference for regulators when formulating relevant institutions, such as forming an effective mechanism from the perspective of culture, so as to promote the enterprises by cultural restrains. During the promulgation and implementation of legal systems, we should take full advantage of the guiding role of traditional culture and combine formal systems with informal ones, thus leveraging their strengths to promote the healthy development of the market.

Elucidating the Role of Honey Bees as Biomonitors in Environmental Health Research.

Recently, the One Health concept, which recognizes the interconnectedness of environmental, animal, and human health, has gained popularity. To collect data on environmental pollutants potentially harmful to human health over time, researchers often turn to natural organisms known as biomonitors. Honey bees, in particular, prove to be exceptionally valuable biomonitors due to their capacity to accumulate pollutants from the air, soil, and water within a specific radius during their foraging trips. This systematic literature review summarizes the previous application of the bee species Apis mellifera in pollutant monitoring in articles published during the period of 2010-2020. Nineteen studies were included in this systematic literature review. Of these studies, the majority (n = 15) focused on the detection of heavy metals in honey bees and beehive products, while 4 studies focused on air pollution by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons or particulate matter. The matrix most often applied was the whole honey bee. The included studies demonstrated that honey bees and hive products deliver quantitative and qualitative information about specific pollutants. In this regard, the whole honey bee was found to be the most reliable biomonitor. We found that the included studies differed in design and the methods used. Standardized studies could foster a more consistent interpretation of the levels detected in beehive matrices from an environmental health perspective.

A multiobjective differential evolution algorithm with subpopulation region solution selection for global and local Pareto optimal sets

Current multimodal multiobjective optimization (MMO) has mostly focused on locating multiple equivalent global Pareto optimal sets (PSs) or local PSs in the decision space, rarely considering finding both simultaneously. To address this issue, this paper explores a crowded individual activation multiobjective differential evolution algorithm based on subpopulation region solution selection, named CAMODE_SR. In CAMODE_SR, a subpopulation region solution selection mechanism is developed to search for more uniformly distributed global and local Pareto optimal solutions. Specifically, two types of specific neighborhood radii are designed depending on the location information of the Pareto optimal solutions discovered during evolution. The two types of radii construct specific neighborhoods for the global and local optimal solutions to maintain the solutions with better diversity. To improve the exploitation capacity of the population, a crowded individual activation mechanism is proposed by developing an activation function associated with iteration. The activation function activates the crowded individuals in local regions to exploit more superior solutions near global optimal solutions. The proposed CAMODE_SR achieves a good tradeoff between the performance of locating both global and local PSs. Extensive experiments on the CEC 2020 MMO benchmark functions demonstrate that the proposed CAMODE_SR is significantly superior to nine state-of-the-art MMEAs in tackling multimodal multiobjective optimization problems with global and local PSs.

Employing higher density lower reliability weather data from the Global Historical Climatology Network monitors to generate serially complete weather data for watershed modelling

AbstractHydrological models require complete and accurate weather data time series to represent watershed‐scale responses adequately. The Global Historical Climatology Network (GHCN) is the most comprehensive weather database used in hydrological modelling studies globally. Since higher‐density, lower‐reliability precipitation measurements from private citizens collected by the Community Collaborative Rain, Hail, and Snow (CoCoRaHS) network data were integrated into the GHCN, hydrological modellers in the United States have access to a much greater amount of weather data. However, the benefit of using CoCoRaHS data has not been assessed. The objectives of this work were to develop a method for generating a complete weather data time series based on the combination of data from multiple GHCN monitors and to assess several methods for the estimation of missing weather data. Weather data from GHCN monitors located within a specific radius of a watershed were obtained and interpolated using three estimation methods (Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW), Inverse Distance and Elevation Weighting (IDEW) and Closest Station), creating a seamless time series of weather observations. To evaluate the performance of the methodologies, weather data obtained from each estimation method was used to force the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and Thornthwaite‐Mather models for 21 US Department of Agriculture‐Conservation Effects Assessment Project watersheds in different climate regions to simulate daily streamflow for 2010–2021. Except for three watersheds, all of the SWAT models had Nash‐Sutcliffe Efficiency above 0.5, the ratio of the root mean square error to the standard deviation of observations below 0.7, and percent bias from −25% to 25% with a satisfactory performance rating. IDEW and IDW performed similarly, and the Closest Station method resulted in the poorest streamflow simulation. A comparison with published SWAT model results further corroborated improved model performance using novel combined GHCN data with all Closest Station, IDW and IDEW methods.

Ensemble-based assimilation of wave model predictions: Contrasting the impact of assimilation in nearshore and offshore forecasting at different distances from assimilated data

Accurate wave predictions are crucial for many marine-related activities, including offshore operations, navigation, and marine renewable energy. To improve the forecast performance, this study presents a data assimilation system that utilizes the WAVEWATCH III wave model and the local Ensemble Optimal Interpolation scheme to assimilate significant wave heights data from HY-2B altimeter in the China Seas. The effects of assimilation are analyzed in both coastal and offshore regions at different distances from assimilated satellite data points during a forecast period. The results show that systematic bias in wave forecasting for both offshore and nearshore locations can be effectively reduced through the use of data assimilation, with localization employed to minimize the influence of random errors. Nearshore forecasting benefits from assimilation to a greater extent than offshore forecasting, with a more enduring improvement observed. Additionally, the decline in forecast improvement with increasing distance from assimilated data highlights the necessity of assimilating a greater quantity of observational satellite data. Furthermore, careful consideration should be given to the size of the ensemble when using a specific localization radius, as the improvement in skill may stagnate with larger ensembles. Finally, assimilating additional nearshore satellite data does not negatively impact the predictive precision.

Investigation of the Properties of Hydrocarbon Natural Gases Under Confinement in Tight Reservoirs Due to Critical Properties Shift

Pure components exhibit different phase behavior and critical properties shift when confined, primarily due to increased molecules-pore wall interactions. While extensive research has focused on modeling this behavior for pure components, there is a need to extend these models to hydrocarbon gas mixtures in tight and shale reservoirs to understand the deviation of gas properties from bulk behavior. The study utilizes the Peng–Robinson equation of state to calculate gas properties, considering the shift in critical properties of pure components due to confinement in EOS parameter calculations. Trend analysis investigates the effect of pore size reduction on gas properties, introducing the concepts of the confinement impact factor and specific pore radius. Correlation analysis explores the relationships between variables. Nonlinear regression analysis leads to the development of a new correlation that accounts for confinement effects on gas properties. The findings reveal that the deviation from bulk properties depends on the pore radius, pressure, temperature, and gas composition. The magnitude of deviation ranges from negligible to exceeding 15% under specific conditions of high pressure, low temperature, small pore radius, and rich gas composition. Gas viscosity experiences the most significant alteration, followed by density, while the gas compressibility factor also displays a noticeable impact. The isothermal gas compressibility coefficient demonstrates minimal to no response to confinement. Decreasing pore radius increases the gas compressibility factor, while gas viscosity and density decrease. The obtained results are crucial for shale and tight reservoir engineering calculations, particularly in adjusting gas properties in reservoir simulation and production modeling software.

V2O5-rGO based chemiresistive gas sensor for NO2 detection

Current study displays an actual hydrothermal synthesis of V2O5-rGO composite and further investigates how changes in rGO composition in V2O5-rGO composites affected their NO2 sensing property. The orthorhombic crystal structure is confirmed by XRD and Raman techniques, and the optimum proportion of disorders in the composite as a result of rGO is also confirmed. Porous nanostructure is observed in SEM images. The C, V, and O present in the composite are confirmed by the XPS results, along with a fluctuation in V4+/V5+. The BET technique was used to measure specific surface area (25.91 m2g−1) and pore radius (6.4140 nm). A prominent PL peak confirm presence of oxygen vacancies. At 150 °C, gas sensing for 100 ppm concentration of NO2 gas revealed improved response about 121.85%. The calculated response/ recovery time for sample consisting 10 mg rGO are 39 and 262 s, respectively. Along with response, sample C shows excellent reproducibility and good stability.

Molecular Dynamic Simulation and Experiment Validation on the Diffusion Behavior of Diffusion Welded Fe-Ti by Hot Isostatic Pressing Process.

A reliable bonding interface between steel and Ti alloy is required for producing a steel/Ti bimetal composite. In this study, molecular dynamic simulations and diffusion welding experiments using the hot isostatic pressing process were conducted to study the atomic diffusion at the Fe-Ti interface. The simulation results indicate that the diffusion layer thickness is thinner in single crystals compared to polycrystals at the same temperature. This difference may be explained by polycrystals having grain boundaries, which increase atomic disorder and facilitate diffusion. The radial distribution function (RDF) curves for Fe-Fe and Ti-Ti exhibit a similar pattern over time, with a main peak indicating the highest atom density within a specific radius range and relatively strong binding between the central atoms and their nearest neighbors. The observed changes in the diffusion coefficient with temperature in the simulations align well with the experimental results. This study enhances the understanding of Fe-Ti interface diffusion mechanism and provides valuable insights for broader applications of steel/Ti bimetal composites.