Specific Complex Research Articles

Direct ink writing of polyimide/bacterial cellulose composite aerogel for thermal insulation

Polyimide (PI) aerogels are well known for their high porosity, low density, thermal insulation and outstanding mechanical strength, thus expected to be applied in aerospace vehicle, intelligent driving and batteries. However, currently most PI aerogels are fabricated through traditional molding process, seriously restricted their practical applications. Although some researches on 3D printing of PI aerogels have been reported, there are some critical restrictions in present work such as complex support structures, low porosity and high thermal conductivity resulting from high solid content in printed ink. Herein, we choose bacterial cellulose (BC) with high aspect ratio as rheological modifier to construct water-based polyamic acid (PAA)/BC ink with low solid content but high yield stress enough for direct ink writing (DIW). Due to the good printability and formability of PAA/BC ink, the PI/BC aerogel with various macrostructures can be easily printed. Owing to the orientation from printing, the obtained printed PI/BC aerogel shows lower shrinkage, lower thermal conductivity and enhanced mechanical properties compared with molded PI/BC aerogels. Such printed PI/BC aerogel is potentially to be applied as thermal insulators for designated products with specific complex structure in fields of buildings and petrochemical engineering.

Positive cluster complexes and τ-tilting simplicial complexes of cluster-tilted algebras of finite type

In this study, we consider the positive cluster complex, a full subcomplex of a cluster complex the vertices of which are all non-initial cluster variables. In particular, we provide a formula for the difference in face vectors of positive cluster complexes caused by a mutation for finite type. Moreover, we explicitly describe specific positive cluster complexes of finite type and calculate their face vectors. We also provide a method to compute the face vector of an arbitrary positive cluster complex of finite type using these results. Furthermore, we apply our results to the -tilting theory of cluster-tilted algebras of finite representation type using the correspondence between clusters and support -tilting modules.

Complex Language Use in Children With Hearing Loss: A Scoping Review.

Understanding what is known about the language profiles of children with hearing loss (CHL) is vital so that researchers and teachers can identify the specific complex syntactic structures that CHL may struggle to master. An understanding of which aspects of complex syntax pose difficulties for CHL is necessary to inform the kind of intervention that will facilitate learning complex syntax for this cohort of children. This scoping review aims to identify what is currently known about the complex syntax use of CHL who communicate through spoken language, and uncover gaps in the literature to guide further research. Ascoping review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. The Covidence software was utilized to manage the initial and full-text screening process for the search. From a total of 304 studies, 42 studies were identified that met the eligibility criteria. The review highlights the use of broad-based language assessments and limited use of specific descriptions of the types of complex syntactic structures and skills. Findings highlight the need for assessment protocols and analysis methods that better support the description of complex syntax profiles for CHL. School-age CHL continue to display challenges with complex syntax development. The review highlighted the need for further research to improve understanding of the complex syntax strengths and vulnerabilities of CHL. Further investigation is needed to better understand their ability to combine ideas and build complexity in their language use, which in turn can inform teaching in schools and interventions for children who require support. https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21980177.

NEW DATA ON THE BURIAL RITE OF THE POPULATION OF THE SMOLENSK-POLACK LONG BARROWS CULTURE (Based on the Excavations of the Barrow Cemetery Achremaŭcy (Biaĺmonty))

Barrow cemetery Achremaŭcy (Biaĺmonty) of the Braslaŭ district of the Viciebsk region of the Republic of Belarus has been known in special literature since the end of the 19th century. At the same time, the first amateur excavations of barrows in his Belmont estate were carried out by Count Plater in 1856. Scientific excavations in Achremaŭcy were carried out in 1893, 1938, 1978, 1982 and 1997. A total of 19 burial mounds were excavated during this time. Judging by both the burial goods and rite, the necropolis in Achremaŭcy belongs to the Smolensk-Polack Long Barrows Culture. The purpose of this article is to present the results of the excavations of the Achremaŭcy (Biaĺmonty) barrow cemetery, carried out by an expedition led by M. Plavinski in 2019 and 2021.
 In 2019 pit I with a total area of 99 m2 was laid in the main part of the necropolis in order to study barrow 20 (due to the large amount of work, the excavations were finished only in 2021). The Barrow contained two cremation burials that were made outside its borders. At the moment, this burial complex can be dated only within the boundaries of the existence of the Smolensk-Polack Long Barrows Culture, namely, within the middle of the 8th — the first half of the 11th century.
 Excavations in Achremaŭcy testify to the extreme complexity of the ritual actions carried out in the process of the Smolensk-Polack Long Barrows Culture burial mounds erecting. It is obvious, that the possibilities of a detailed reconstruction of individual forms and types of funeral rites are limited both by the degree of preservation of certain sites and by the specifics of the archeologization of burials, due to specific natural conditions. All these features should be considered and subjected to primary interpretation already in the process of excavation. Since without an analytical experiment, which provides for the reconstruction of both the process of performing a burial and the erection of a burial mound, as well as the natural and anthropogenic factors of its destruction, valuable data may be lost that are necessary for an adequate interpretation of each specific burial complex.

Immortalized Alzheimer’s Disease Astrocytes: Characterization of Their Proteolytic Systems

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegeneration with dysfunctions in both the ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy. Astroglia participation in AD is an attractive topic of research, but molecular patterns are partially defined and available in vitro models have technical limitations. Immortalized astrocytes from the hippocampus of 3xTg-AD and wild-type mice (3Tg-iAstro and WT-iAstro, respectively) have been obtained as an attempt to overcome primary cell line limitations and this study aims at characterizing their proteolytic systems, focusing on UPS and autophagy. Both 26S and 20S proteasomal activities were downregulated in 3Tg-iAstro, in which a shift in catalytic subunits from constitutive 20S proteasome to immunoproteasome occurred, with consequences on immune functions. In fact, immunoproteasome is the specific complex in charge of clearing damaged proteins under inflammatory conditions. Parallelly, augmented expression and activity of the lysosomal cathepsin B, enhanced levels of lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1, beclin1, and LC3-II, together with an increased uptake of monodansylcadaverine in autophagic vacuoles, suggested autophagy activation in 3Tg-iAstro. The two proteolytic pathways were linked by p62 that accumulated in 3Tg-iAstro due to both increased synthesis and decreased degradation in the UPS defective astrocytes. Treatment with 4-phenylbutyric acid, a neuroprotective small chemical chaperone, partially restored proteasome and autophagy-mediated proteolysis in 3Tg-iAstro. Our data shed light on the impaired proteostasis in 3Tg-iAstro with proteasome inhibition and autophagic compensatory activation, providing additional validation of this AD in vitro model, and propose a new mechanism of action of 4-phenylbutyric acid in neurodegenerative disorders.

Рецензия на монографию «Цифровое правосудие. Цифровой документ» / д.ю.н. В.А. Лаптев, к.ю.н. Н.И. Соловяненко. Москва : ИГП РАН ; Изд-во : Проспект, 2022. 248 с.

The monograph studies problems of the theory and practice of application of digital (electronic) justice and electronic document flow in courts. The authors analyze Russian laws and modern digital technologies that determine the legal and technological regimes for the use of an electronic document, electronic signature, electronic archive and specific software complexes in the sphere of digital court records. The paper makes a comparative analysis of international models and principles of electronic judicial proceedings, reviews legal provisions and electronic justice systems of some foreign countries. Issues of application and potential development of the artificial intelligence technology are studied.

Identifying Protein-Ligand Interactions via a Novel Distance Self-Feedback Biomolecular Interaction Network.

Efficient and accurate characterizations of protein-ligand interactions are key to understanding biology at the molecular level. They are particularly useful in pharmaceutical industry applications. They are usually computationally demanding for those widely applied dynamics-based methods in identifying important residues or calculating ligand binding free energy. In this work, we proposed a graph deep learning (DL) framework, namely, the distance self-feedback biomolecular interaction network (DSBIN), in which the relationship between the complex structure and binding affinity can be established by means of a carefully designed distance self-feedback module and interaction layer. Our model can directly provide a quantitative evaluation of inhibitor binding affinities (pKd). More importantly, the DSBIN model efficiently identifies key interactions for inhibitor binding and thus intrinsically bears the interpretability. Its generalization performance was further verified using 1405 unseen structures. The predicted binding free energies' deviations were calculated to be less than 1.37 kcal/mol for more than 55% structures. Moreover, we also compared the DSBIN model with a commonly used theoretical method in calculating the substrate binding free energy, MM/GBSA. Our results show that the current DL model has generally better performance in predicting the binding free energy. For a specific complex system, mannopentaose/TmCBM27, the DSBIN predicted binding free energy is -8.21 kcal/mol, which is very close to experimentally measured -7.76 kcal/mol and MM/GBSA calculated -7.16 kcal/mol. Meanwhile, all important aromatic residues around the binding pocket can be identified by our DL model. Considering the accuracy and efficiency of the newly developed DL model, it may be very helpful in the field of drug design and molecular recognition.

Influence of past advanced behavior guidance experience on parental acceptance for autistic individuals in the dental setting

BackgroundAutism is a lifelong neurodevelopmental disorder that poses challenges during dental treatment. Advanced behavior guidance techniques (BGTs) have been used to provide dental care for autistic people who have specific characteristics and complex dental treatment. This study was conducted to evaluate parental acceptance and analyze parents’ opinions of advanced BGTs during dental treatment in autistic people.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 141 parents of autistic people from the Mahidol Dental Hospital and the Autism online community. Informed consent was obtained before enrolling participants in the study. All parents were asked to rate their acceptance after watching VDO clips: passive restraint by device (PRBD), oral sedation (OS), and general anesthesia (GA) to evaluate parental acceptance of advanced BGTs through an online questionnaire survey. The online questionnaire included a visual analog scale (VAS) and open-ended questions to collect their opinions on each advanced BGT. Participants were categorized into two subgroups as follows: 81 in the “Experience group” and 60 in the “No experience group” according to their autistic people’ advanced BGT experience. Friedman’s two-way analysis of variance and the Mann–Whitney U test were used for statistical analyses. Open-ended questions were analyzed using quantitative content analysis.ResultsPRBD was ranked the highest, followed by GA and OS. Parents in the “Experience group” rated significantly higher acceptance of their BGT experience than parents in the “No experience group” in all the three advanced BGTs.ConclusionsAll advanced BGTs were particularly accepted in this study. Previous experience of advanced BGTs had an influence on parental acceptance. Parents commented on their opinions toward each advanced BGT with a variety of perspectives. Trial registration: The protocol was approved by the ethical committee of the Faculty of Dentistry/Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University (COA.No.MU-DT/PY-IRB 2021/022.1702) and was registered with Thai Clinical Trials Registry (TCTR20220521001).

Biomass and Cellulose Dissolution—The Important Issue in Renewable Materials Treatment

Sustainable development strategies, as well as the shift toward a circular bioeconomy, has led to high interest in the development and implementation of technologies that efficiently utilize biomass as a raw material. Switching from fossil-based to bio-based resources requires the consideration of many new challenges and problems. One of the crucial issues is the solubility of lignocellulose or at least its ingredients. According to the trends and legislation, the selected chemicals and methods of dissolution/treatment should also be environmentally friendly. The pretreatment processes prepare biomass for further transformations (e.g., chemical, thermal including pyrolysis, or biological) to valuable products such as biofuels, bio-oils, Fine Chemicals, solvents, plastics, and many others. This review discusses the latest findings on the dissolution of biomass and its ingredients. The application of novel, green solvents such as ionic liquids or deep eutectic solvents is discussed in detail. The impact of the composition and structure of these solvents on the biomass/cellulose dissolution process, as well as the mechanism of cellulose–ionic liquid interaction, is presented. Some novel achievements in the usage of inorganic salts and specific metal complexes are also overviewed.

Structural Observations of the Northern North Sea: Insights into Rift Failure Dynamics

Lithospheric extension leads to rift formation and may continue to the point of breakup, with oceanic ridge initiation and the formation of two conjugate rifted margins. In some settings, extension can cease, and the rift may be abandoned. These so-called failed rifts archive snapshots of early phases of deformation, with geometries that may help better constrain the parameters that can prevent a rift from reaching breakup, such as lithospheric rheology, thermal state, rift opening direction and rate, inheritance. This contribution summarizes a study of the Norwegian Continental Shelf which includes the North Sea Rift and the Møre and Vøring rifted margins. We proceeded to the interpretation of a new dataset of deep penetrating seismic reflection profiles and worked at the regional scale, deliberately ignoring local particularities, to focus on the large-scale structural picture. The aim is to list architectural similarities and differences between the failed rift and the successful rifted margins. Our mapping shows that the North Sea structural geometries and basement seismic facies are very similar to the observations listed for the adjacent Møre and Vøring rifted margins. Various types of tectonic structures are observed, from thick anastomosing shear zones possibly evolving into core-complex geometries, to composite large-scale detachment faults and standard high-angle normal faults. These are categorized into five classes and interpreted as exemplifying the rift tectonic evolution through distinct generations of deformation structures that can activate, de-activate and re-activate. Based on these observations, rift failure dynamics are discussed, and it is proposed that the North Sea rift abandonment may not be related to pre-rift local conditions but rather to the ability to initiate specific tectonic structures such distal breakaway complexes.

Cloneable inorganic nanoparticles.

When a defined protein/peptide (or combinations thereof) control and define the synthesis of an inorganic nanoparticle, the result is a cloneable NanoParticle (cNP). This is because the protein sequence/structure/function is encoded in DNA, and therefore the physicochemical properties of the nanoparticle are also encoded in DNA. Thus the cloneable nanoparticle paradigm can be considered as an extension of the central dogma of molecular biology (e.g. DNA → mRNA → protein → cNP); modifications to the DNA encoding a cNP can modify the resulting properties of the cNP. Inorganic ion oxidoreductases (e.g., mercuric reductase, tellurite reductase, etc.) can select and reduce specific inorganic oxyanions and coordination complexes, creating zerovalent precipitates. Other proteins/peptides (often genetically concatenated to the parent oxidoreductase) serve as ligands, directing the size, shape, crystal structure and other properties of the nanoparticle. The DNA encoding a cNP can be recombinantly transferred into any organism. Ideally, this enables recombinant production of cNPs with the same defined physiochemical properties. Such cNPs are of interest for applications ranging from molecular imaging, bio-remediation, catalysis, and biomining. In this Feature Article we detail and define the cNP concept, and retrace the story of our creation of a cloneable Se NanoParticle (cSeNP). We also describe our more preliminary work that we expect to result in cloneable semiconductor quantum dots, cloneable Te nanoparticles, and other cNP formulations. We highlight the application of cNPs in cellular electron microscopy and compare this approach to other cloneable imaging contrast approaches.

Identification of Plant Transcription Factor DNA-Binding Sites Using seq-DAP-seq.

The identification of genome-wide transcription factor binding sites(TFBS) is a critical step in deciphering gene and transcriptional regulatory networks. However, determining the genome-wide binding of specific TFs or TF complexes remains a technical challenge. DNA affinity purification sequencing (DAP-seq) and modifications such as sequential DAP-seq (seq-DAP-seq) are robust in vitro methods for mapping individual TF or TF complex binding sites in a genome-wide manner. DAP-seq protocols use a genomic DNA (gDNA) library from any target organism with or without amplification, allowing the determination of TF binding on naked or endogenously modified DNA, respectively. As a first step, the gDNA is fragmented to ~200bp, end-repaired, and sequencing adaptors are added. This gDNA library can be used directly or an amplification step may be performed to remove DNA modifications such as cytosine methylation. DNA libraries are then incubated with an affinity-tagged TF or TF- complex immobilized on magnetic beads. The TF or TF complex of interest is generally produced using recombinant protein expression and purified prior to DNA affinity purification. After incubation of the DNA library with the immobilized TF of interest, multiple wash steps are performed to reduce non-specific DNA binding and the TF-DNA complexes eluted. The eluted DNA is PCR-amplified and sequenced using next-generation sequencing. The resulting sequence reads are mapped to the corresponding reference genome, identifying direct potential bound regions and binding sites of the TF or TF complex of interest. Predictive TFBS models are generated from the bound regions using downstream bioinformatics analysis pipelines. Here, we present a detailed protocol outlining the steps required for seq-DAP-seq of a heterooligomeric TF complex (Fig. 1) and briefly describe the downstream bioinformatics pipeline used to develop a robust TFBS model from sequencing data generated from a DAP-seq experiment.

Sustainable Design of Muhammadiyah Edutourism Site Plan

Istana Qur’an is the only contemporary Islamic boarding school in Sarwodadi Village, Pejawaran District, Banjarnegara, Central Java Province. This Islamic boarding school is one of Muhammadiyah’s charities in the Pejawaran Muhammadiyah Branch (PCM) and partners in research project activity. Sarwodadi Village has initiated a Muhammadiyah-based educational-tourism complex since 2021 due to its relatively close location to the Dieng tourist destination in Central Java. This research paper aims to rearrange the Muhammadiyah edu-tourism site plan to be following the appropriate technical requirements while also considering land usage and the environment for edu-tourism. The research methods included aerial photography, land mapping by using drone and Google earth map, actual field measurements, and technical descriptions utilizing CAD and Sketch-up -based programs. The redesign for the preparation of a site plan in a specific interest tourism complex area must pay attention to the conditions of existing space utilization and its environment, consider user behavior, and consider long-term benefits and investment factors in order to generate an adequate redesign concept for user needs at a given time. The renovated edu-tourism complex is intended to provide more value, particularly in terms of local revenue.

Mapping Active Gene-Associated Chromatin Loops by ChIA-PET in Rice.

Hierarchical chromatin structures are critical for transcriptional regulation and many biological processes. It has been widely known that the linear genome of many plants and animals is partitioned into various chromatin interacting domains or gene regulatory modules with specific chromatin features, such as H3K4me3-related active interacting domains, H3K27me3 or Polycomb-related repressive domains, and H3K9me2-related heterochromatin domains. ChIA-PET, which combines chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay with proximity ligation, can detect gene contact networks that are connected by co-regulated genes by pulling down specific chromatin complexes using anantibody of interest. Here, we describe a detailed, long-read ChIA-PET protocol for mapping promoter-centered active gene modules in plants.

Structural studies of protein–nucleic acid complexes: A brief overview of the selected techniques

Protein–nucleic acid complexes are involved in all vital processes, including replication, transcription, translation, regulation of gene expression and cell metabolism. Knowledge of the biological functions and molecular mechanisms beyond the activity of the macromolecular complexes can be determined from their tertiary structures. Undoubtably, performing structural studies of protein-nucleic acid complexes is challenging, mainly because these types of complexes are often unstable. In addition, their individual components may display extremely different surface charges, causing the complexes to precipitate at higher concentrations used in many structural studies. Due to the variety of protein-nucleic acid complexes and their different biophysical properties, no simple and universal guideline exists that helps scientists chose a method to successfully determine the structure of a specific protein-nucleic acid complex. In this review, we provide a summary of the following experimental methods, which can be applied to study the structures of protein-nucleic acid complexes: X-ray and neutron crystallography, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), small angle scattering (SAS) methods, circular dichroism (CD) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Each method is discussed regarding its historical context, advancements over the past decades and recent years, and weaknesses and strengths. When a single method does not provide satisfactory data on the selected protein–nucleic acid complex, a combination of several methods should be considered as a hybrid approach; thus, specific structural problems can be solved when studying protein-nucleic acid complexes.

Arresting Spliceosome Intermediates at Various Stages of the Splicing Pathway.

The spliceosome is a dynamic ribonucleoprotein particle and is assembled via sequential binding of five snRNAs and numerous protein factors. To understand the molecular mechanism of the splicing reaction, it is necessary to dissect the spliceosome pathway and isolate spliceosome intermediates in various stages of the pathway for biochemical and structural analysis. Here, we describe protocols for preparing intron-containing transcripts, cell-free splicing extracts, and in vitro splicing reactions, as well as procedures to arrest the spliceosome at different stages of the pathway for characterization of specific splicing complexes from the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Methods for arresting spliceosomes at specific stages include depletion with antibodies against factors required for specific steps of the pathway, use of extracts prepared from temperature-sensitive mutants, use of dominant negative mutants of DExD/H-box proteins, and use of mutant substrates.

Development of polyoxometalate-based Ag-H2biim inorganic-organic hybrid compounds functionalized for the acid electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction.

The electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is an ideal method for hydrogen production. Transition metal complex electrocatalysts exhibit poor HER activity due to excessive or weak adsorption of H during the electrochemical reduction of water to molecular hydrogen in acidic environments. Developing specific functional complex materials as desired catalysts is challenging. Here, an electrochemical surface restructuring strategy of polyoxometalate (POM)-modified Ag materials toward the HER with a dramatically decreased overpotential under acidic aqueous conditions is established. We prepared two POM [SiW12O40]4- (SiW12)/[P2W18O62]6- (P2W18)-based Ag-2,2'-biimidazole (H2biim) inorganic-organic hybrid compounds (1 and 2) via the hydrothermal method and these two compounds undergo an electrochemical restructuring process in 0.5 M H2SO4 during the HER, in which Ag nanoparticles are in situ formed with the basic structures of SiW12 and P2W18 being maintained. The activated catalysts (1-AC-RDE and 2-AC-RDE) exhibit good electrocatalytic activity for the HER with good long-term stability, and the required overpotentials at a current density of 10 mA cm-2 are 112 mV (1-AC-RDE) and 91 mV (2-AC-RDE) with Tafel slopes of 77 mV dec-1 and 65 mV dec-1, respectively. The excellent electron-proton storage and transferability of SiW12 and P2W18 may provide a solution for the insufficient capture of H by Ag, leading to an effective self-optimizing behavior and superior acidic HER activity.

Meta-Learning based Degradation Representation for Blind Super-Resolution.

Blind image super-resolution (blind SR) aims to generate high-resolution (HR) images from low-resolution (LR) input images with unknown degradations. To enhance the performance of SR, the majority of blind SR methods introduce an explicit degradation estimator, which helps the SR model adjust to unknown degradation scenarios. Unfortunately, it is impractical to provide concrete labels for the multiple combinations of degradations (e.g., blurring, noise, or JPEG compression) to guide the training of the degradation estimator. Moreover, the special designs for certain degradations hinder the models from being generalized for dealing with other degradations. Thus, it is imperative to devise an implicit degradation estimator that can extract discriminative degradation representations for all types of degradations without requiring the supervision of degradation ground-truth. To this end, we propose a Meta-Learning based Region Degradation Aware SR Network (MRDA), including Meta-Learning Network (MLN), Degradation Extraction Network (DEN), and Region Degradation Aware SR Network (RDAN). To handle the lack of ground-truth degradation, we use the MLN to rapidly adapt to the specific complex degradation after several iterations and extract implicit degradation information. Subsequently, a teacher network MRDAT is designed to further utilize the degradation information extracted by MLN for SR. However, MLN requires iterating on paired LR and HR images, which is unavailable in the inference phase. Therefore, we adopt knowledge distillation (KD) to make the student network learn to directly extract the same implicit degradation representation (IDR) as the teacher from LR images. Furthermore, we introduce an RDAN module that is capable of discerning regional degradations, allowing IDR to adaptively influence various texture patterns. Extensive experiments under classic and real-world degradation settings show that MRDA achieves SOTA performance and can generalize to various degradation processes.

Topical Autologous Blood Clot Therapy: Consensus Panel Recommendations to Guide Use in the Treatment of Complex Wound Types

The etiology of acute and chronic wounds goes beyond those often reported in the literature, including those with exposed structures, those in which the entire wound bed cannot be visualized, and patients who are not candidates for typical standard of care. Treatment options for these patients may be limited. TABCT is a viable option for these complex wound types and is not hindered by logistical, procedural, or patient factors. A consensus panel of providers with extensive experience in treatment of these wound types was convened to develop consensus recommendations on the use of TABCT in specific complex wound types. Four consensus statements were defined for TABCT use in patients who cannot undergo sharp or extensive debridement, as a protective barrier to prevent further bacterial ingress, in patients with wounds in which the entire wound bed cannot be safely visualized, and in wounds with exposed tendon and/or bone. Consensus panel recommendations show that TABCT application assists in maintenance of a moist wound healing environment, autolytic debridement, recruitment and delivery of factors essential for wound healing, prevention of pathogen entry, and ability to completely fill wound voids that cannot be fully visualized. Additional advantages of TABCT use are its cost-effectiveness, ease of access, minimal related complications, and proven clinical efficacy.

О РАЗНИЦЕ УПОТРЕБЛЕНИЯ В ТУРЕЦКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ КОНСТРУКЦИЙ С ИМЕНАМИ ДЕЙСТВИЯ -DIĞI / -ACAĞI И УСЕЧЁННЫМ ИНФИНИТИВОМ -MASI

This article offers the author's interpretation of the use of specific complex grammatical constructions of the Turkish language, usually causing significant difficulties in studying them with Russian-speaking students. We are talking about participles -dığı / -acağı (adjective-verbs – “sıfat-fiiller”) and truncated infinitives -ması (noun-verbs / verbal nouns – “isim-fiiller”). The purposes of the study undertaken are to compare the interpretations of Turkish and Russian linguists; on the basis of morphological, morphemic, semantic and syntactic methods of analysis, to find out the origin and essence of adjective-verbs -dığı / -acağı and truncated infinitive -ması in Turkish; correctly describe them in close terms of Russian grammar; find out the logic of use in Turkish and of translation into Russian. As a result, it managed to find out that -dığı / -acağı / -ması structures undoubtedly have a high degree of specificity and unusual for Russian-speakers both in terms of the correct understanding of their essence and morphological correspondence and practical application. However, it turned out to be possible to find for them in the Russian language semantically and morphologically close parts of speech and syntactic constructions. Also to describe the main logic of their use as detailed members of the proposal (subject, predicate, definition, object, aderbial modifier) and to formulate proposals for Russian Turkologists by changes in approaches to teaching these topics.