Medicinal Plant Species Research Articles

Germination and Seed Viability of <i>Helichrysum maracandicum</i> Popov Ex Kirp. Sterilized under <i>in Vitro</i> Conditions

Most medicinal plants are on the verge of extinction. In this regard, biotechnology is facing the challenge of developing alternative ways to produce biomass with the desired Biological active substance. The maximum yield of high growth performance of the cell culture mainly depends on the selection of optimal ratios and concentrations of growth regulators. This problem, namely the search for the optimal composition of the nutrient medium has become one of the main tasks in the cultivation of H. maracandicum Popov ex Kirp plant cells. Methods and results of seed sterilization of H. maracandicum are discussed in the article. This endemic, rare species of medicinal plant from the flora of Uzbekistan family Asteraceae Dumotr has a unique composition of secondary metabolites. For example, from the biomass of immortelle were isolated flavonoids, coumarins, lipids, phenols, purines, steroids, triterpenoids, glycosides, coumarins, cerines, bitter tannins, essential oils, etc. Used in folk medicine for cholecystitis and diseases of the liver, bladder, and gastrointestinal tract.

Ethnobotany of the kaili da'a community in Kinovaro district, Sigi regency, central Sulawesi province

This study aimed to identify and explain the types and benefits of plants in the Kaili Da'a community. This research used a descriptive research type with qualitative and quantitative methods. The population in this study was the Kaili Da'a people in Balane Village, Kinovaro District, and Matantimali Village, Marawola Barat District, Sigi Regency. Qualitative methods were used to determine the use of known plants by the Kaili Da'a people in the Kinavaro and West Marawola Districts in the Sigi Regency. Plants were analyzed qualitatively by grouping plant species, including regional names, Latin names, families, habitus, parts used, and the benefits of these plants. The data obtained in the field was presented in tabulations and then analyzed descriptively with a quantitative approach using the Index of Cultural Significance (ICS) equation. The people of Balane village use 15 species of plants as food, 13 species of plants as spices, 19 species of medicinal plants, 9 species of plants as animal feed, 11 species of plants used for ritual and religious customs, 4 species of ornamental plants, 4 species of plants for 3 species of aromatic and dyes, 9 species of plants as fuel and 3 species of plants used as furniture and building materials. The parts of the plant used are leaves, fruit, tubers, stems, seeds, and flowers. The Kaili Da'a people's main food is Pae (Oryza sativa L), a staple food, and additional food such as Punti and Jole (Zea mays). The highest percentage of plant used in medicines, namely 15.9% for food, it occupies the second highest at 12.6%. Meanwhile, plants are the lowest in dyes and aromatics, namely 2.5%. Based on this study, a high ICS value was obtained, namely, purpureum Roxb, and there were only 2 species of jeringau, Kaluku (Cocos nucifera L.) and Pae (Oryza sativa L.).

The results of the field accounting of medicinal plants in the forest and forest-steppe zones of Central Russia

To assess the potential of the raw material base of medicinal plants and search for new plant sources of biologically active substances, it is necessary to monitor and record the biological diversity of plants, their number and abundance in natural plant communities. Plants are counted by the transect method. In the course of field research in 2022, the biodiversity, abundance, and abundance of medicinal plants in three regions of Central Russia were assessed. In the Lipetsk Region (the lower reaches of the Chichera River, the valley of the Sukhaya Lubna River), the most notable species of the Ranunculaceae families were identified: Adonis vernalis L. (spring adonis); Rosaceae: Agrimonia eupatoria L. (common agrimony); Filipendula vulgaris Moench (six-petalled meadowsweet). In the Samara region (floodplain of the Sok River) - Rosaceae: Sanguisorba officinalis L. (burnet officinalis); Filipendula vulgaris Moench; Ranunculaceae: Adonis vernalis L. In the Moscow, Ryazan region (Meshchera) species of families - Rosaceae: Potentilla argentea L. (silver cinquefoil) (Rosaceae), Fragaria vesca L. (wild strawberry), Potentilla erecta L. (upright cinquefoil), Comarum palustre L. (marsh cinquefoil); Onagraceae: Chamaenerion angustifolium (L.) Scop. (fireweed narrow-leaved); Asteraceae: Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench.; Caprifoliaceae: Valeriana officinalis L. (valerian officinalis); Hypericaceae: Hypericum maculatum L. (St. John’s wort); Equisetaceae: Equisetum arvense L. (horsetail); Lamiaceae: Stachys palustris L. (marsh weed); Primulaceae: Lysimachia vulgaris L. (common loosestrife). A total of 65 species of medicinal plants have been identified. Species with a noticeable abundance are characterized as a source of a certain group of chemical compounds. To assess the potential of the raw material base of medicinal plants and to search for new plant sources of biologically active substances, it is necessary to monitor and account for the biological diversity of plants, their size and abundance in natural plant communities. Accounting of plants is carried out by the transect method. In the course of field research 2022 year, the biodiversity, size and abundance of medicinal plants in three regions of Central Russia were evaluated. In the Lipetsk region (the lower reaches of the Chicher River, the valley of the Sukhaya Lubna River), the most notable species were identified - Ranunculaceae: Adonis vernalis L.; Rosaceae: Agrimonia eupatoria L.; Filipendula vulgaris Moench. In the Samara region (floodplain of the Sok river) - Rosaceae: Sanguisorba officinalis L.; Filipendula vulgaris Moench; Ranunculaceae: Adonis vernalis L. In the Moscow, Ryazan regions (Meschera) - Rosaceae: Potentilla argentea L., Fragaria vesca L., Potentilla erecta L., Comarum palustre L.; Onagraceae: Chamaenerion angustifolium (L.) Scop.; Asteraceae: Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench.; Caprifoliaceae: Valeriana officinalis L.; Hypericaceae: Hypericum maculatum L.; Equisetaceae: Equisetum arvense L.; Lamiaceae: Stachys palustris L.; Primulaceae: Lysimachia vulgaris L. A total of 65 species of medicinal plants have been identified. Species with a noticeable number are characterized as a source of a certain group of chemical compounds.

Ethnomedicinal uses of plants by traditional healers in Ajaygarh, district Panna (MP) India

Medicinal plants are important in traditional healthcare practices, providing clues to new areas of research for human welfare. This study was an effort to document the indigenous knowledge of traditional healers about traditional uses of medicinal plants for curing different human diseases. Janpad panchayat Ajaygarh, a tehsil of district Panna of Madhya Pradesh state is rich in diversity of medicinal plants.Data of traditional uses of medicinal plants have been collected from December 2021 to November 2022 by survey and interviews method with local villagers and Vaidya. Structured questionnaires, interviews and participatory observation were used to collect data of ethnomedicinal uses of plants in study area. 20 sampling villages of Janpad panchayat Ajaygarh were selected for study purpose and 60 informants including 40 men and 20 women, 3 from each sampling stations were selected and interviewed during the one year journey of data collection.55 medicinal plant species belonging to 53 genera of 33 families were identified. It shows that there is high potential available in the form of diversity of medicinal plants for treatment purpose of human beings in any system of medicine like as Folk medicine, Ayurveda, Homeopathy, Unani, Siddha, Allopathy and others.

Status of Plant Diversity in Alpine Pasture of Chansel of District Shimla, Himachal Pradesh

A study to evaluate the floristic diversity and growth forms in alpine pasture of Chansel of district Shimla, Himachal Pradesh was conducted during August, 2019. Phyto- sociological studies was carried out by laying out quadrates randomly in the selected alpine pasture. The data collected were analyzed for density, frequency, abundance, importantance value index, dominance index, diversity index, distribution pattern, life forms etc., for drawing the logical conclusion. Total numbers of plant species were 100 belonging to 80 genera and 36 families. The plant species comprised of 5 grasses, 1 sedge, 2 leguminous forbs and 74 non leguminous forbs. On the basis of IVI, Anaphalis contorta recorded the highest value (10.14) followed by Trifolium repens (9.55) and Taraxacum officinale (8.44). The distribution pattern of most of the species was contiguous. The value of dominance index, diversity index, richness index and evenness index was 0.021, 4.17, 10.203 and 0.946, respectively. The contribution of tall forbs, short forbs and cushioned and spreading forbs in the alpine pasture was 41.46%, 52.44% and 6.10%, respectively. Out of 53 medicinal plants species recorded from the studied site, 6 species viz., Aconitum heterophyllum, Bergenia stracheyi, Jurinea dolomiaea, Meconopsis aculeata, Roscoea alpina and Selinum tenuifolium fall in the category of threatened plant species.

Efekat godine na morfološka i ornamentalna svojstva stepskog božura

The steppe peony (Paeonia tenuifolia L.) is an endangered medicinal plant species that occurs in Serbia in three habitats, of which the Deliblato Sands is the richest. Based on the results of research conducted at Deliblato Sands in 2023, it was found that the development of the flowering stems of Paeonia tenuifolia was not affected by the slightly higher average winter temperatures. One hundred randomly selected plants were measured in the field, including height, plant girth, number of branches per plant bush, the ratio of flowering to non-flowering branches, shoot-toroot ratio, and stem-to-branch-to-flower ratio. The results showed that the root-to-shoot ratio was 1:2.5, the average height of the tested plants was 41±6 cm, ranging from 30-60 cm, and the girth of the plant bush was 121±30 cm, ranging from 40-170 cm, and was positively correlated with the number of branches. The average number of branches per plant was 8±2.5. Based on the measurement of the absolute dry plant material, it was found that the mass of a branch contained on average 22.5% of the stem, 73.5% of the leaf twigs, and 4% of the flower mass. The petals make up, on average, 34.3% of the mass of the flower.

Effect of Abscisic Acid on Drought Tolerance of Selected Plant Species

Abscisic acid is a phytohormone produced by plants and has various roles in plants growth and development. ABA function in plants is still not well understood, despite of its involvement in abscission. However, ABA has a critical role in reducing a variety of stress reactions. Drought stress is one of the abiotic stress and is defined as a prolonged period of reduced water supply. ABA controls plants response to various conditions such as salinity, low temperature, and drought. It plays a vital role in regulating a variety of processes involved in plant growth, such as floral induction, seed dormancy, embryo maturation, seed germination and root growth. The present research work is carried out to analyse the drought tolerance and leaf chlorosis by the application of ABA on selected three medicinal plant species Talinum paniculatum, Bryophyllum pinnatum and Sauropus androgynus.

An Ethnobotanical Survey Of Medicinal Plants Used By Mising Tribe Of The Gohpur Sub-Division Of Biswanath District, Assam

Aim: Medicinal plants are widely used as alternative treatment methods for the curing of a wide range of diseases. The current study focuses on the usage of various medicinal plants by the Mising tribe in Gohpur sub-division of Biswanath district, Assam. Methods: An ethnobotanical survey was conducted from April 2021 to August 2021, and data was collected from 25 villages, which are predominantly inhabited by the mising population. A total of 47 informants were interviewed in a face-to-face manner with the help of a readymade questionnaire. Results: A total of 113 medicinal plant species were documented from the study area. which are divided into 102 genera and 56 families. Malvaceae and Poaceae has the most medicinal plants (6 species each), followed by Asteraceae with 5 species, Lamiaceae; Solanaceae; Moraceae; Euphorbiaceae and Zingiberaceae with 4 species each, Fabaceae; Liliaceae; Aracaceae; Apocynaceae; Piperaceae; Combretaceae; Cucurbitaceae; Lauraceae and Caesalpiniaceae with 3 species each. The remaining 10 families have 2 species each, and the remaining 29 families have 1 species each. Most of the reported species were herbs (52%), followed by trees (21%), shrubs (14%), and climbers (10%). Juice preparation (40.70%) and leaves (44%) were the most common methods of preparation of drugs and the most commonly used parts of medicinal plants, respectively. Conclusion: A diverse range of medicinal plants were found in the study area and these plants play a key role in mising people's healthcare system. Some medicinal plants are declining rapidly due to various developmental activities and other environmental effects.

Efficacy of Shunthi (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) as an Antidote in Langali (Gloriosa superba Linn.) Poisoning- An in Vivo Study

Langali (Gloriosa superba Linn.) is an endangered medicinal plant species known for its toxic alkaloids, colchicine, and gloriosine. Colchicine, primarily found in the tubers of Langali, is responsible for its toxic effects. In Ayurvedic literature, Shunthi (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) has been described as an antidote to counter the toxicity of Langali poisoning. However, the scientific validation of Shunthi's efficacy as an antidote is crucial before considering its use in medical emergencies. Methods: This study aimed to investigate the potency of Shunthi as an antidote in Langali poisoning. A total of 24 Wistar rats, weighing 120-250 g and of both sexes, were selected for the study. Six rats were used for acute oral toxicity study, divided into two groups and administered doses of 300 mg/kg and 2000 mg/kg body weight of Shunthi for 14 days. For the neurotoxicity study, 18 healthy Wistar rats were divided into three groups, and Langali poisoning was induced in these rats for 10 days. Results: The results of the acute oral toxicity study indicated that the maximum dose of Shunthi at 2000 mg/kg body weight was safe, with no observed behavioural abnormalities. Hematological and biochemical examinations revealed normal parameters, further supporting the safety of the test drug at the maximum dose. In the neurotoxicity study, administering a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight of Shunthi to experimental animals with Langali-induced neurotoxicity showed satisfactory results, indicating the antidote effect of Shunthi in Langali poisoning. Conclusion: The liquid suspension of Shunthi was found to be safe at 2000mg/kg dose level and shows neuroprotective activity on wistar rats. At the dose of 200mg/kg body weight of Shunthi which was given in experimental animals having neurotoxicity induced by Langali shows satisfactory result, that supported the antidote effect of Shunthi in Langali poisoning.

Medicinal plants used in Soran district Kurdistan region of Iraq, an ethnobotanicals study

Context: The current study, the first of its type, focuses on the ethnobotanical uses of 97 medicinal plant species by the inhabitants in the Soran area, Kurdistan region of Iraq. Aims: To evaluate local knowledge of medicinal plants and provision of preliminary data on the user-benefit of the accessible plant species in the area. Methods: Between October 2021 and May 2022, key informant interviews were conducted as part of an ethnobotanical survey. Information about a particular study through face-to-face interviews with 171 participants (98 males and 73 females) were collected. For the therapeutic plants considered in the study, quantitative indices such as use value (UV), family use value (FUV), the relative frequency of citation (RFC), fidelity level (FL), and informant consensus factor (ICF) were applied in addition to detailed notes on each plant species. Results: The survey discovered 97 plant species and 41 plant families. Leaves were the plant portion that was used the most (44%) while seeds were the least (12%). The most popular three methods of preparation were decoction (52%), row (36%), and crushed (6%). The Olea europaea species had the highest use values (0.82), while Vitex agnus-castus had (0.005). Amaryllidaceae had the highest family use value (1.218), while Asteraceae had (0.005). According to the consensus index, Ficus carica and Datura stramonium had (140.84%) and (1.011%). The digestive tract disease category was shown to have the highest informant consensus factor value out of all disease categories (0.57), while the lowest value ICF was (0.0) for tooth pain. Conclusions: As a result of the development of natural medicines, this study gives information on the indigenous medicinal plants utilized in the Soran district to treat common illnesses that are ready for additional pharmacological and phytochemical examination. For better use of natural resources, the traditional use of plants requires conservation methods and additional research.

The Ethnobotanical Significance of Allium stracheyi in Uttarakhand: From Tradition to Conservation

High-altitude ecosystems are considered to be hotspots of medicinal plant diversity. The government has declared Uttarakhand as herbal state due to the highest diversity of medicinal plant species. Allium stracheyi belonging to the family Alliaceae and locally known as Jamboo or Faran has been practiced by the Bhotiya communities of Niti and Milam valleys since the past several years. It was originally brought from Tibet decades ago. Traditionally, the plant has been known for its uses as spices, pickles and medicines for jaundice, cold, cough, wound healing and other stomach problems. Besides, it is used as a traditional vegetable. The plant is in endangered status and has been included in the Red Data Book of Indian plants due to its indiscriminate collection and resulting threat to its existence. The present study aimed to provide a general review of the Allium stracheyi on its ethnopharmacological uses, climatic distribution and Habitat, chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, threat and conservation status, cultivation practices, future perspectives and its commercialization.

Anthropogenic impacts on phytosociological features and soil microbial health of wetland plant, Acorus calamus L.: An endangered medicinal plant species of Kashmir valley

Anthropogenic impacts on phytosociological features and soil microbial health of wetland plant, Acorus calamus L.: An endangered medicinal plant species of Kashmir valley

Ethnomedicinal Plants Used By Local Inhabitants Of Kedarnath Valley, Garhwal Himalaya

Ethnobotany is the scientific discipline that studies the dynamic relationships between people and plants. The Indian Himalaya is a source of plant based indigenous medicinal knowledge based on local plant diversity. A rapid rural survey in more than 45 villages of Kedarnath valley of Rudraprayag district of Uttarakhand were conducted with altitudinal variation ranges from 1000 to 2500 masl. A total of 57 (19 trees, 6 shrubs, 4 climbers and 28 herbs) most highly effective medicinal plant species were recorded, that are used by local inhabitants for traditional local health care system. The local communities use these ethnobotanically important plants for curing fever, stomachache and gastric problem, cancer, diarrhea, dysentery, jaundice, diabetes, snake bite, tuberculosis, paralysis, rheumatic pain, liver ailments, asthma, cough, skin diseases, toothache, wounds and cuts etc. The present study provides valuable information about ethnomedicinal plants of Kedarnath Valley of Rudraprayag district of Uttarakhand.

Assessment of morphological diversity in Acorus calamus L., an economically important endangered medicinal plant species of Kashmir valley

Assessment of morphological diversity in Acorus calamus L., an economically important endangered medicinal plant species of Kashmir valley

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON HARVESTING SPECIES OF MEDICINAL PLANTS GROWN ON SMALL AREAS

The operation of harvesting medicinal plants is one of the important factors, which influences the quality of plant material and thus its value. In order to optimize the cultivation technologies and to adapt them to the local conditions, INMA Bucharest has developed and tested a multifunctional equipment for the mechanized harvesting of medicinal plants (annual and perennial), cultivated on small and medium areas. This equipment, of small capacity, equipped with interchangeable working parts, performs the harvesting operation by cutting, at a certain height from the ground. The paper presents the results obtained when testing the experimental model of Multifunctional equipment for harvesting medicinal and aromatic plants in the crops of three species of medicinal plants, grown on small areas. Determining for each crop some qualitative working indices (average working height, cutting degree, collecting degree, losses, etc.) as well as some energy indices (working speed, hourly fuel consumption, working capacity, etc.) allows the evaluation of the technical and working performances of the Multifunctional equipment for harvesting medicinal and aromatic plants.

Medicinal plants use as an anti-inflammatory agent: a brief review on molecular pharmacological approach

Inflammation is a vital therapeutic target for creating new methods for pharmacological interventions, aside from being a stage in the pathophysiology of many diseases, such as atherosclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Thus, molecular understanding of inflammation has led to new opportunities for drug creation and significant new implications for current clinical medicine. It has also revealed the biological targets and mechanisms of therapeutic action, opening up new opportunities to alter complex biological systems. Meanwhile, using medicinal plants to control inflammation has been recommended as an alternative to traditional therapeutic approaches for a variety of conditions, particularly when suppression of inflammation is anticipated. Several medicinal plant species have been demonstrated to have strong anti-inflammatory properties in contemporary research. The review article was discussed about the chemical constituents and biological properties of therapeutically active plants including curcumin from Curcuma longa and epigallocatechin-3-gallate from Camellia sinensis, including the molecular pharmacology of active constituents against inflammation.

Traditional Uses of Medicinal Plants of Tharu Ethnic-community of Banke District, Mid-Western Nepal

The present study had been conducted in the Tharu community of Rapti-Sonari and Duduwa Rural Municipalities of Banke district, which is rich in tradition, culture and ethnobotanical knowledge. The main aim of this study was to document the native medicinal plants and their uses in the treatment of human ailments/problems among the Tharu community of Banke, District. This study was carried out in March, 2021. The ethnomedicinal data were collected using structured and semi-structured questionnaire interview with 20 key informants, older peoples, local healers, and Guruwas. Altogether 28 traditionally used medicinal plants species were recorded belonging to 27 genera and 21 families, among them Fabaceae was the most dominant family. The most frequently used plants parts were leaves and juice which is the most widely preferred mode of remedy. Older peoples, Guruwa and the traditional healers have high knowledge on the medicinal plants and their uses as compared to younger. Different parts of the same plant species were used for the treatment of more than one ailment using a different mode of remedies; it means single plant species was used in the treatment of multiple ailments. Further study should also be carried out on the documented plant species from study area to utilize them in drug development.

Ethnomedicinal Uses of Plants from Kapurkot, Salyan District, Nepal

The present study aims to document the traditional knowledge of medicinal plants of Kapurkot rural municipality of Salyan District, Karnali province, Nepal. Ethno medicinal information was collected through interview with 40 respondents from Mulpani, Sallyan District. Altogether 59 ethnomedicinal plant species are used for the remedies of different health ailments. Respondents of the age group 25-35 years were found actively participating in this survey. Zingiberaceae as well as the Lauraceae family were found to have the highest number of species used for ethno-medicinal purposes. On the basis of their habit, herb species are found to be highly dominated. The recorded 59 ethnomedicinal plants were used in the treatment of various diseases such as cuts and wounds, skin diseases, fever, cough, boils, burns, common cold, etc. From this study, mainly common cold and cough are mostly recovered ailments from medicinal plant species. The study is mainly based on the experienced knowledge and information which they gain from their elders, mainly from grandparents, which might pass from generation to generation. This current study reveals that Zanthoxylum armatum (Timur), Cinnamomum tamala (Tejpaat) and Zingiber officinale (Adhuwa) are respectively found to be highly traded medicinal plants of the study area. For the preservation of ethnomedicinal plants species as well as their traditional knowledge, different conservation activities should be practiced. Such gained information and knowledge should be passed from generation to generation and encourage them to preserve for sustainable use of traditional documentation.

Traditionally Important Herbaceous Medicinal Plants of Majathal Wildlife Sanctuary, District Solan, Himachal Pradesh, North Western Himalaya, India

The Himalayas is one of the mega diversity hotspots of the world, which contribute a great to the biodiversity wealth of the world. Among the biogeographic provinces of India, the Indian Himalayan Region (IHR) is well known for its diversity of ethnomedicinal plants. Majathal Wildlife Sanctuary is situated in District Solan, Himachal Pradesh, North Western Himalaya, India. In the present study, social surveys were conducted through the application of semi-structured questionnaire. All 39 villages inside and near the boundary (up to 2 km) were selected for the survey in the sanctuary. All the houses were surveyed and people of different ages and sexes were asked and their responses were recorded. A reconnaissance survey was conducted for the floristic diversity in the area and plant samples were collected for identification and herbarium preparation. In the sanctuary, there were 51 species of herbaceous medicinal plants identified which were used by local people. The results showed that the knowledge regarding medicinal plants was very less in the new generation as compared to the old age and middle age people. This study will help to know more medicinal plants from the villages and procure knowledge for future studies. This documented information will be preserved and utilized for mankind and make local communities economically stable and healthy.

Traditional Medicinal Plants Used in Dermatologic Disorders in Ardahan, Iğdır and Kars

Ethnobotany is briefly defined as a"human-plant relationship". Mankind has used plants as a food source since ancient times, resorted to healing and accumulated their experiences. About 12.000 plant species grow in Turkey. The World Health Organization (WHO) has determined the number of herbal medicines as approximately 1900 and it has been determined that approximately 20,000 plants are grown in Turkey, 600 of which are used for therapeutic purposes. This investigation was conducted to document the species, family, and local names, usage types and localities of medicinal plants utilized by people living in and around Ardahan, Iğdır and Kars provinces between 2020-2021 for dermatologic disorders. To that end, medicinal plant species utilized by the local mankind for therapeutic aims were collected and detected. The visitations were organised to the investigation regions at regular intervals, and survey investigations were realized by interviewing and talking with the local people one-on-one. 82 medicinal plant taxa belonging to 31 plant families utilized in dermatologic disorders were collected from Ardahan, Iğdır and Kars provinces and their surroundings. Of these, 68 species are wild and 14 are cultivated plants. It has been reported that the most commonly utilized medicinal plant families in dermatologic disorders are Asteraceae (12), Scrophulariaceae (7), Boraginaceae (5), Fabaceae (5), and Salicaceae (5). As a conclusion, despite the deep-rooted history in such regions, the transmission and use of traditional knowledge have remained limited.