Species-group Names Research Articles

Checklists of extant harvestman (Arachnida: Opiliones) species for all the countries of the world

This study presents a comprehensive survey of the extant diversity of harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones), a pivotal taxon for biogeography and conservation studies, across Earth's geopolitical entities (here treated as "countries"). The rationale for recognizing more than 200 of these countries lato sensu worldwide is provided. The four most diverse of these countries are here further subdivided in states/provinces resulting in over 300 controlled vocabulary terms (geographic areas that contain harvestman records). These terms have been tagged to over 6900 species/subspecies of Opiliones, resulting in the generation of over 10,000 records. Checklists aiming for exhaustiveness are presented for valid extant Opiliones species/subspecies in each of these geographic areas, as documented in the World Catalogue of Opiliones (WCO) project, and geo maps are included to visually depict the distribution density of known species. Notably, this work marks the first-ever presentation of such checklists in the taxonomic literature for several countries, notably India, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, and the Philippines. Brazil emerges as the most diverse country for harvestmen, with more than 1000 species, followed by Venezuela, Indonesia, and the United States, each hosting over 300 species. Checklists are individually provided for each state/province in these four countries. Elusive yet valid species are listed separately in their own section of nomina dubia, not entering the countries lists. Leiobunum rotundum argentatum Franganillo, 1926, is here elevated to Leiobunum argentatum Franganillo, 1926 new rank. Paropilio spinipes Roewer, 1956, is considered a junior subjective synonym of Opilio cirtanus C.L. Koch, 1839 syn. nov., Lacinius longisetus (Thorell, 1876) is considered a junior subjective synonym of Lacinius horridus (Panzer, 1794) syn. nov. The combination Rhopalocranaus hickmanni Caporiacco, 1951, is reinstated after this species appeared as Cranaus hickmanni in the literature. Some nomenclatural changes are established as a consequence of homonymy: (a) Paranemastoma graecum (Giltay, 1932) comb. nov. is the correct name for Nemastoma simplex Giltay, 1932 (currently combined as Paranemastoma simplex), a junior primary homonym of Nemastoma bacilliferum simplex Simon, 1913; (b) Belemulus annulatus remains permanently invalid as a junior secondary homonym replaced before 1961, so the replacement name to be used is Belemulus roeweri (Soares & Soares, 1948) comb. nov.; (c) Isaeus mexicanus Sørensen, 1932, must be reinstated as a species-group name rejected after 1960 due to secondary homonymy with Haehnelia mexicana Roewer, 1915; (d) Paranemastoma roeweri Staręga, 1978 is the correct name for Nemastoma redikorzevi Roewer, 1951, a junior primary homonym of Nemastoma redikorzevi Kharitonov, 1946; (e) the new name Neocynorta lanegra nom. nov. is proposed for Neocynorta lata (González-Sponga, 1992), originally Cynorta lata, which is a primary homonym of Cynorta lata Banks, 1909, currently in the genus Eucynortula; (f) the new name Neocynorta electrigena nom. nov. is proposed for Neocynorta punctata (González-Sponga, 2003), originally Paecilaema punctata, which is a primary homonym of Paecilaema punctata Sørensen, 1932, currently in the genus Anduzeia.

Rediscovery of Eunoe crassa and clarification of some morphological features (Annelida: Aphroditiformia: Polynoidae)

Aaron Treadwell described Lagisca crassa from Punta Arenas, Chile 100 years ago, based on an incomplete specimen. The species was later regarded as belonging in Eunoe Malmgren, 1865, but the species has not been found after its original description. The rediscovery of specimens collected in Punta Arenas has allowed us to evaluate its morphology to clarify some incompletely known features. Further, a comparison of the holotype of L. crassa with specimens of Hermadion magalhaensi Kinberg, 1856, led us to conclude these 2 species-group names are synonyms. We provide additional information and illustrations, and make some remarks on Eunoe and Hermadion Kinberg, 1856.

Review of the Newly Established amictus-Subgroup of the Genus Leptocoris (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Rhopalidae), with the Description of a New Species from the Arabian Peninsula

Leptocoris arabicus new species (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Rhopalidae: Serinethinae) is described based on 55 specimens of both sexes collected in various localities of southern Oman and southeastern Yemen; a hypothesis is proposed as to its host plant. The new species is close to Leptocoris amictus Germar, 1838 and to Leptocoris ruber Göllner-Scheiding, 1980, new status, due to the presence of a produced horned process along the posterior ventral margin of the genital capsule. It is distinguished from both by differences in colour pattern and morphology. An informal L. amictus species-subgroup is proposed to accommodate these three species within the Leptocoris hexophthalmus species-group sensu Göllner-Scheiding (1980). The following new faunistic records are also provided: L. amictus from Ethiopia, Mozambique and Zambia; L. ruber from Central African Republic. The occurrence of L. chevreuxi (Noualhier, 1893) in Oman is confirmed. The list of all available species-group names assigned to Leptocoris Hahn, 1833 (gender masculine) and their synonyms is compiled and the gender agreement is corrected in the species names when appropriate. The nomenclatural problem concerning Leptocoris living on Marshall Islands discovered by Kerzhner (2003) is discussed and the following corrections are provided: Leptocoris rufus rufus Hahn, 1833, new status = Leptocoris lariversi Usinger, 1952, new synonymy, and Leptocoris rufus isolatus (Distant, 1914) new status.

Catalog of Anaedus Blanchard, 1842 with nomenclatural notes (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Lagriinae)

The genus Anaedus Blanchard, 1842 in the tribe Goniaderini Lacordaire, 1859 has experienced drastic genus-level change where seven other genera were subsumed as synonyms by Aalbu et al. (2023). That study addressed multiple nomenclatural issues including several replacement names, but did not provide a full species-group catalog. This study presents a full catalog for the 142 species-group names currently belonging to Anaedus and rectifies several nomenclatural issues missed within the previous study. The catalog includes full nomenclatural histories and type localities for all taxa. The following New Combinations are established: Anaedus keralensis (Kaszab, 1979), An. madrensis (Kaszab, 1979), An. philippinus (Schawaller, 1994), An. setosus (Kaszab, 1979), An. simillimus (Kaszab, 1979). The following New Replacement Names are established for the species listed in parentheses: Anaedus fairmairei Kanda & Johnston (replaces An. fulvipennis Fairmaire, 1889), An. pici Kanda & Johnston (replaces An. rufipes Pic, 192), An. pictus Kanda & Johnston (replaces Spinolyprops maculatus Kulzer, 1954), An. neorufescens Kanda & Johnston (replaces Aspisoma rufescens Pic, 1951).

Nomenclatural history of Megalonyx Jefferson, 1799 (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Pilosa, Megalonychidae).

Both authorship and spelling of the extinct giant sloth genus Megalonyx and its type species, M.jeffersonii (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Pilosa, Megalonychidae), have been inconsistent. The genus-group name has been cited with two different authorships and three dates, and it has been spelled with two different suffixes. The species-group name has been cited with four different authors and dates, and it has been spelled with two different endings. Megalonyx Jefferson, 1799 is the first valid use of the genus-group name; the correct original spelling has the -onyx suffix. The type species of Megalonyx is Megatheriumjeffersonii Desmarest, 1822; the correct original spelling has an -ii ending. A vernacular word, megalonyx, refers to species classified in the genus Megalonyx Jefferson, 1799.

On the publication year of Sericini genera and species described by Brenske in Die Serica-Arten der Erde (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Sericinae).

The year of publication of Brenskes species and genera described in his opus Die Serica-Arten der Erde is updated following up an overlooked delay of some of the fascicules of the Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, namely the volumes 42, 43, and 46. This change affects 201 species group names and 20 genus group names, many of which have been revised in the past three decades, but no change of priority of other names occurred. The spelling of Mericserica oberthueri Brenske, 1899 is corrected.

A statistical overview of the research history of the superfamily Buprestoidea (Coleoptera)

A review of selected bibliographic, nomenclatural and taxonomic aspects of the study of Buprestoidea (families Schizopodidae and Buprestoidae) is presented from the Linne‘s time to the recent (1758-2023). All data are represented by diagrams. The number of documented taxonomic publications related to Buprestoidea is 11,629 with the annual largest of 192 publications appearing in 2007. The most prolific author in history is Obenberger with 455 publications. Available genus-group names include 256 invalid names and 777 valid names; the latter consist of 520 generic and 257 subgeneric names. Most genus-group names start with P, C or A and the four oldest valid ones are Buprestis, Trachys, Aphanisticus and Agrilus. Most genus-group names were proposed in 1864 (38 names) and in the period 1918-1937 (170 names). Names of 129 accepted genera or subgenera have invalid names (synonyms). A total of 137 authors contributed to generic-group names with the arithmetic mean 7.5 names per author. A total of 23,389 available species-group names exist in the superfamily Buprestoidea among which 6,551 (28%) are invalid and 16,838 (72%) are valid; the latter consist of 15,921 (94.6%) specific names and 917 (5.4%) subspecific names. The most frequent species-group name is strandi with 80 occurrences. Most species-group names begins with c, s or a. Most frequent species-group name 3-letter prefix is sub- (234 occurrences). The highest number of species-group names was proposed in 1924 (721 names) and in the period 1918-1937 (6,124 names). The global arithmetic mean of currently valid to invalid species-group names per year is 69.8%. A total of 660 authors contributed to the species-group names with the arithmetic mean is 35.4 names per author. Obenberger with 5,395 species-group names is by far the most prolific author. The subfamily Agrilinae has most genera (205, 39.4% of valid genera of Buprestoidea). Two tribes with the largest number of genera are also from subfamily Agrilinae: Coraebini (131 genera) and Agrilini (44 genera). Among 520 accepted genera of Buprestoidea, 71 (13.6%) have subgenera. The superfamily Buprestoidea contains 15,921 accepted species, among which seven belong to the family Schizopodidae and the rest to the family Buprestidae. Almost half (7,282, 45.8%) of all species of Buprestoidea is from the three agriline tribes: Agrilini, Tracheini and Coraebini. The most speciose genus in Buprestoidea, and in the whole of Animalia, is Agrilus (3,431 species), followed by Sphenoptera (1,002). Chrysochroa fulminans (Fabricius, 1787) is the jewel beetle species with the highest number of recognized subspecies (18).

New taxa described by the staff of the Hungarian Natural History Museum in 2023

In this paper an overview and a list are given of the new taxa described by the scientific staff members and volunteer researchers of the Hungarian Natural History Museum in 2023. The list contains 115 species-group names, five genus-group names, and one family-group name proposed by the authors. With one figure.

New species and taxonomical notes on Bolivian Lamiinae (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae)

ABSTRACT One new genus and three new species of Lamiinae are described from Bolivia: Leptocometes wappesi sp. nov. (Acanthocinini); Pentheochaetes pulcherrima sp. nov. (Acanthocinini); and Guarayo phantasmaticus, gen. nov., sp. nov. (Parmenini). The female of Periestola raphaeli is illustrated for the first time, and the differences compared with the male are reported. Estola basiflava is synonymized with Estola densepunctata. The alternative of couplet ‘36’ from the key to South American genera of Acanthocinini with erect setae on elytral surface is modified. The species group name of three Lamiinae is corrected. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:049C240F-EDAD-45CA-B1AD-E0B2C9C630CA

A replacement name for Bostra Stål (Insecta, Phasmida, Diapheromeridae), a junior homonym of Bostra Walker (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Pyralidae)

Bostra Stål (Phasmida, Diapheromeridae) is a junior homonym of Bostra Walker (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae). The replacement name Bostranova Villet nomen nov. is proposed for Bostra Stål, and new combinations are proposed for the species-group names currently included in that phasmid genus.

Reassessment of the type locality of Euptychiastigmatica Godman, 1905, with the description of two new sibling species from Amazonia (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Satyrini).

A brief historical review regarding the type locality of Euptychiastigmatica Godman, 1905 was conducted, which suggests that its type locality is actually Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, rather than northeastern Argentina, as previously purported. Consequently, E.stigmatica and its senior synonym E.cyanites Butler, 1871, are regarded to be two species-group names representing a taxon in the euptychiine genus Caeruleuptychia Forster, 1964 known from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. A lectotype is designated for E.cyanites. Additionally, two closely related species are named and described using an integrative approach with morphological and molecular evidence. Caeruleuptychiaharrisi Nakahara & Freitas, sp. nov. and C.aemulatio Nakahara & Willmott, sp. nov. both occur in Amazonia and COI barcode data recovered these taxa as part of the caerulea clade of Caeruleuptychia.

Justified emendation for a species-group name of longhorned beetle (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Psyrassa)

N/A.

Not everything is what it seems: the study of type specimens of Cryptogenius Westwood, 1842 species (Coleoptera: Hybosoridae: Anaidinae) reveals a new species and new synonyms

ABSTRACT A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Cryptogenius is provided. Based on literature data and the examination of 33 specimens, including the name-bearing types of two of the three available species-group names involved, we conclude that Cryptogenius comprises two species: C. miersianus Westwood, 1842, from the Atlantic Forest of Brazil and Argentina, and Cryptogenius westwoodi sp. nov., from the Amazon and possibly Panama and Costa Rica. Cryptogenius fryi Arrow, 1909 is here considered a junior subjective synonym of C. miersianus. The lectotype of C. miersianus is designated. Updated information on the geographical distribution of both species is presented. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:3B6B81FD-2EF4-4734-A004-84535BF12F97

New species and genera described by Dr. Márton Hreblay (1963–2000) in his monograph on North-Thailand noctuid moths (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

In an unpublished manuscript on Asian noctuid moths, primarily on the fauna of NorthThailand, illustrated richly by 341 original figures, Dr. Márton Hreblay (*1963–†2000) proposed 84 new species-group and four genus-group names, designated lectotypes for 23 nominal taxa, and established 14 new synonyms. The original manuscript is published here with the annotations of the authors, finding that one of the newly proposed genus-group names and 14 of the new speciesgroup names are identical with taxa established after the year 2000, hence these names are not available for any action in zoological nomenclature, and they have only historical interest. The remaining 74 species-group and three genus-group names became available in this work under the authorship of Márton Hreblay, Gergely Katona and Balázs Tóth with the publication date of the present paper. Seven of the lectotype designations are invalid or can be questioned; these cases are also annotated. With 190 figures.

Review of the type status of some Scarabaeoidea (Coleoptera) held by the Queensland Museum

Where uncertainty is identified, the status of putative type specimens for 87 species group names of Scarabaeoidea (Coleoptera) housed in the Queensland Museum is reviewed. This can relate to outdated concepts and terminologies used in the descriptions, names that were not subsequently published, or material that was seen by the authors of the species but not listed in the original publication. Specimens are identified by their registry labels, labels summarising any changes to their status were attached to each specimen, and the museum’s electronic registers were updated. Full label data are given to allow future recognition.

World Catalogue of the family Thaumaleidae (Diptera: Culicomorpha)

Family, genus and species group names in the family Thaumaleidae (Diptera: Culicomorpha) are catalogued, including information on name-bearing types, distribution by country and 428 references to all literature known to us pertaining to this family. The Thaumaleidae or madicolous midges are known from 202 species in the following seven genera: Afrothaumalea Stuckenberg, 1960 (3 species), Androprosopa Mik, 1898 (59 species), Austrothaumalea Tonnoir, 1927 (44 species), Neothaumalea Pivar, Moulton & Sinclair, 2018 (1 species), Niphta Theischinger, 1986 (14 species), Thaumalea Ruthe, 1831 (77 species) and Trichothaumalea Edwards, 1929 (4 species). In addition, one fossil genus and species are known (Mesothaumalea fossilis Kovalev). Published species distributions are provided, noting country and biogeographic region; specimen data representing new records for species are listed. The following new combinations, originally assigned to Thaumalea, are proposed: Androprosopa baminana (Yang, 2003) comb. nov., Androprosopa zhejiangana (Yang, 1998) comb. nov.

A systematic revision of the genus Juga from fresh waters of the Pacific Northwest, USA (Cerithioidea, Semisulcospiridae)

Juga is a genus of freshwater snails distributed from northern Washington to central California. The taxonomy and classification of the genus has a long and complex history, driven mainly by the features of their highly variable shells. The number of recognized species has fluctuated from ~9 to 11; however, it has been claimed that the actual diversity may be three times that number. We here present a systematic revision using a recently published molecular phylogeny as a framework, which supported the interpretation that there are only nine valid species. Comprehensive review of type material and original descriptions for all available species-group names indicates that almost all species previously considered valid were para- or polyphyletic grades of organization in shell morphology. Most species previously suggested to be putatively new were confirmed to be morphological variants of species already described. Species accounts include complete synonymies and partial chresonymies; the shells and radulae are illustrated and described. Lectotypes are designated for Melania plicifera Lea, 1838, M. silicula Gould, 1847, and M. rudens Reeve, 1860. Three species, Juga caerulea sp. nov., J. canella sp. nov., and J. douglasi sp. nov., are described as new and one species is excluded from the genus. The subgenera Calibasis D.W. Taylor, 1966 and Idabasis D.W. Taylor, 1966 are synonymized with Juga.

Descriptions, notes, and a new record in Oideterus Thomson (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Prioninae, Anacolini).

The male of Oideterus elegans (Waterhouse, 1880) is described for the first time, female chromatic variations are reported, and the species is recorded from the Ecuadorian department of Napo. Two new species are described from Ecuador: Oideterus leoninus and O. ecuadorensis. The species-group name of O. nigrum Botero, Galileo Santos-Silva, 2019 is corrected. Identification keys to males and females of Oideterus species are provided.

An annotated list of the species-group names applied to the lizard genus Sceloporus

An alphabetically-arranged list of all (196) species-group names ever proposed or used in the genus Sceloporus is presented, with citations of the original proposal, onomatophore, type locality, English standardnames, current status, combination priority, group assignment, and etymology. Twenty-three species groups, 91 species (66 monotypic) and 153 species- group names are recognized as valid.

Taxonomy and nomenclature of some Fennoscandian Sawflies, with descriptions of two new species (Hymenoptera, Symphyta)

While working on an identification guide to the sawflies of Fennoscandia, we encountered numerous taxonomic problems, for some of which we present solutions.DicrostemaBenson, 1952 is a new synonym ofPhymatoceropsisRohwer, 1916, and not congeneric withParacharactusMacGillivray, 1908. Two species occurring in Europe are transferred toPhymatoceropsis.Dolerus aericepsellusHeidemaa and Mutanensp. nov.andHeptamelus viitasaariiListon, Mutanen and Proussp. nov.are described from Finland.Abia brevicornisLeach, 1817nom. rev.is the valid name ofAbia nitensauct. nec Linnaeus, andAbia nitens(Linnaeus, 1758) is the valid name for what has recently been calledAbia sericea(Linnaeus, 1767).Tenthredo haemorrhoidalisFabricius, 1781 is treated as an unplaced species of Hymenoptera, possibly Ichneumonoidea.Calameuta variabilis(Mocsáry, 1886) is the valid name of the species recently generally calledC. haemorrhoidalis.Claremontia confusa(Konow, 1886)sp. rev.andClaremontia brevicornis(Brischke, 1883) are distinct species.Dolerus coracinus(Klug, 1818) is the valid name forD. anthracinusauct.Dolerus anthracinus(Klug, 1818) is a valid species similar toD. nitensZaddach, 1859.Dolerus coruscansKonow, 1890sp. rev.is a valid species.Dolerus junci(Stephens, 1835) is the valid name forDolerus cothurnatusauct.Dolerus timidus(Klug, 1818)sp. rev.is distinguished from the similarD. pratensis(Linnaeus, 1758). A neotype is designated forAstatus punctatusKlug, 1803. Lectotypes are designated for 39 nominal species. 29 species group names are new junior synonyms. We present data on some species recently collected for the first time in Finland, including first records for the Palaearctic and West Palaearctic.