Special Template Research Articles

Research on steel template design for supporting system of large cantilever special-shaped concrete structure

This paper analyzes the difficulties of steel template design. BIM information model was used for reference to set up a three-dimensional model. Structure safety, forming quality and construction convenience were fully considered. This paper takes Nanchang Chaoyang bridge as an example for the work of template design in each stage. By exploring the selection criteria of shaped structural steel template and establishing the corresponding calculation and design method, the implementation quality of the bridge tower was ensured. Research formed a template design system of template calculation and design. This system provided reference for other similar types of special structure template design.

Robust and efficient catalyst derived from bimetallic Zn/Co zeolitic imidazolate frameworks for CO2 conversion

Abstract A robust catalyst generated from the pyrolysis of bimetallic Zn/Co-ZIF comprising magnetic properties demonstrated to be an effective heterogeneous catalyst system for CO2 conversion reaction without the need of co-catalyst and solvent. Controllable pyrolysis under various conditions resulted in a unique active structure composed of metallic particles stabilized in a nitrogen-doped carbon matrix. The metallic particles acting as acid sites are dispersed in a nitrogen-doped porous carbon-wall which provides the basic sites. These sites are created during the pyrolysis process of Zn/Co-ZIF used as a special template under a controlled atmosphere. The resulting material possessing both, acid and basic sites, showed an excellent catalytic performance for the cycloaddition of CO2 into epoxides as these sites correspond to the active sites in the catalytic cycle. Additional, the pyrolysis conditions indicated to play an important role in the properties of the resulting materials and in parallel with the catalytic performance. The catalytic material proved to be very robust and maintained high activities for at least eleven cycles using the optimized reaction condition. Moreover, the magnetic property of the resulting catalyst is advantageous especially for the separation from the reaction mixture.

Various Concentrations of Carbon Nanodots Induced Fluorescent Calcite with Multi-morphologies

Biomineralization is an important approach to prepare biomimetic materials. Mineralized materials with hierarchical structures and superior properties require special templates to induce biomineralization. In this work, we utilized fluorescent carbon nanodots (CDs) as the templates to induce the mineralization of CaCO3. Some uncommon morphologies of calcite crystals have been observed with the increase of CDs concentration, including pseudo-dodecahedron calcite, twin-grown crystalline aggregates, and so on. The CDs can occlude within CaCO3 in specific zones through monitoring their fluorescence.

A GRAPHIC TOOL FOR ESTIMATION OF THE AREA OF BURNS IN CHILDREN

The severity of burns depends both on their size and depth of affected tissues. The existing simple methods for estimation of the injured skin area are not precise, especially in children. During last decades, attempts were made to employ information technologies for more precise estimation of the skin area affected by the burn. Usually, a special template («skitsa») is used to represent a human body in a schematic way, allowing automatic calculation of affected area with high accuracy. It is especially important in children, since proportions of their bodies vary greatly at different ages.A computer graphic tool for estimation of area of burns was designed for the Department of Pediatric Burns. It uses an algorithm that allows to adjust burn data displayed on a two-dimensional template, taking into account the three-dimensional nature of the human body. Such correction increases burn area estimation accuracy. Additionally, this system allows using digital photographs of burn area for dynamic assessment of skin condition during treatment. A special algorithm is used to compensate for possible color distortions of the photographs in series, enabling better possibility of patient’s skin condition comparison at different times.

Question Answering System for Applicant Support by Using Modern Messengers

There is an increasing interest to the instant messaging applications, messengers. These applications allow us to interact with other users and include a functionality that can help us to implement bots that automate various business processes or provide information services. In this paper, we consider a specialized question answering system that uses today’s messaging services infrastructure to support university applicants. We gathered a corpus of applicants questions throughout two years and developed an information retrieval model that helps us to find similar questions in the corpus. Applicants can type their questions using a natural language without any formal requirements to phrase construction or using special templates. If the system is unable to find a relevant answer, the user can directly address the question to representatives of the university. The system was implemented with the use of modern cloud services that are provided by Amazon. We used serverless computations and NoSQL data bases, so we had to develop an architecture of the system in that way. Since the system contains sensitive personal data and provide personalized service, we must focus our attention on security. We proposed the means that must improve the safety of the system, more specifically, authentification process that can be used without the explicit use of personal data, however, this is a future work. At present we test our system and evaluate its quality of information retrieval.

Abstract 10.45 ZETTASKIN – THE FIRST TRILAMINAR TISSUE ENGINEERING SKIN TEMPLATE – PRELIMINARY BIOMECHANICAL, BIOCOMPATIBILITY AND FIBROBLASTS AND KERATINOCYTES CULTURE CELLS SURVIVAL TESTING

Autologous tissue, like skin grafts and flaps, remain the gold standard for wound coverage. However, when autologous tissue isn’t practical, whether because of wound size, location, patient’s medical status or other factors, then bioengineering skin can provide an alternative to wound coverage while also minimizing patient risk. This tissue engineering skin substituent is designed with tree layers with different porosity of collagen - alginate scaffolds that try to mimic the extracellular matrix of the skin. Due to the special template, these multilayer scaffolds allowed both fibroblasts and keratinocytes to growth and proliferate to form similar support with skin extracellular matrix. The deep layer is the most porous and is a hypoderm template. After a period of tissue ingrown, this layer is seeded with autologous fat cells. The middle layer had a medium porosity, is the dermal template and it will be seeded with fibroblasts. The superficial layer is designed to receive the keratinocytes. Preliminary result showed excellent biomechanical and biocompatibility properties and good integration with cultured fibroblast and keratinocytes.

DANCE FOLK SONGS IN KURDISH CULTURE

Dance Folk songs are regarded one of the most important types of the song for the Kurdish people; Kurds have been interested in them and have been singing them in weddings for hunred years. Regarding to the content, these songs are simple and easy, but in terms of the template they are complex and have different forms and patterns. So far, the templates of these songs have not been studied in depth, so this research, entitled as Main Templates of Kurmanji Dance Folk Songs, examines the main templates and patterns of Kurmanji Dance Folk songs. The researcher has identified the main templates of 2015 songs, classified by templates. On the other hand, for each template, the number of songs that systemized on eachtemplate, has been identified altogether with its percentage. In conclusion, the researcher came to a number of results, the most important of which is that Kurmanji Dance Folk songs have many complex templates, and these templates are distributed into two types: the main templates and special templates, in addition to a few songs that do not have certain templates

Template matching approach for automatic human body tracking in video

In this paper a novel template matching approach is presented to achieve automatic human body tracking in video sequences. The developed method which is based on a special template matching algorithm applied on a set of interest points detected on the human body contour. The matching approach is based on different types of similarity measures applied on consecutive frames from videos. Each frame was attacked with different types of noise: luminosity variation and motion blur. This new approach considers different matching constraints such as: cross-matching, uniqueness constraint and interest point's appearances and disappearances between consecutive frames. The algorithm was validated on two different datasets and the obtained results are so encouraging with high values of matching rate and good tracking rate.

A specially designed domed-cones template for needles (seeds) fixation and incline insertion in prostate implant brachytherapy.

The construction of a conventional prostate needle (seeds) implant template restricts needles tilting or incline insertion when it is necessary to approach a seminal vesicle or to avoid the obstruction of symphysis pubis. To overcome the disadvantages of conventional templates, we developed a special template for guiding needles incline insertion and fixation for prostate needle implant. Phantom needles implantation was performed. Two acrylic boards, each 7.5 cm in width by 7.5 cm in length and 0.5 cm thickness, were drilled with a set of domed holes and cones with embedded template ball inside this combination to provide firm grip and fixation in prostate needle implantation. The specially designed domed‐cones combination acrylic board provides a needle of up to 60° rotation flexibility application. Some areas that could not be covered in a conventional parallel needle holes template could now be covered by using this new template. The covering index of prostate radiation dosage is up to 84.5%. The specially designed domed‐cones acrylic board combination provides not only a reliable means of needle fixation and rotational function, but also a superior dose distribution in the anterior portion of the prostate and good coverage of a seminal vesicle. This special template is a feasible design for prostate needles or seeds implant brachytherapy.PACS number(s): 87.57.uq

Design of a feature-tuned ANN model based on bulk rock-derived mineral spectra for endmember classification of a hyperspectral image from an iron ore deposit

In this article, a new feature-tuned artificial neural network (ANN) model has been developed for endmember classification of a hyperspectral image. This model is developed on the basis of using only the essential absorption bands of mineral spectra as opposed to using all the spectral bands of the hyperspectral image. This approach has the added advantages of reducing the dimensionality of input features to the ANN as well as inhibiting the influences of noisy bands for classification of endmembers. The proposed ANN model is trained using input features extracted from laboratory spectra of in situ bulk ore materials collected from an existing iron ore deposit. The input features are basically the constituent absorption bands of mineral spectra where each absorption band is mathematically characterized by the centre, width, and strength parameters of a Gaussian curve. For extracting absorption bands from a mineral spectrum, a modified Gaussian model has been used. The application of this model also necessitates the design of a special template for the input layer ANN model. After training the model, its generalization property is assessed through a testing data set. The model has achieved nearly 97% of classification accuracy in a training set, and 71% of accuracy in a testing set. The trained model is then applied on Hyperion imagery collected over an iron ore deposit. All the endmember spectra of this deposit are classified into either vegetation or any of the ores or rock present in the deposit. None of the endmembers is classified into non-iron ore minerals.

The Method of Design and Manufacturing of the Gear Hobbing Cutter with Bulges

This paper presents the design and manufacturing aspects of these tools. Constructive and geometric peculiarities are exposed for the gear hobbing cutter with large modules. The design of the gear hobbing cutter with modified profile in the parametrized variant permits a rapid adaptation to any conditions. Depending on the particular constructive geometric of the gear hobbing cutter profile it was created the virtual prototype (solid model). This is analyzed and, in the final stage, it is manufactured [1,2,3,4,] . Manufacturing techniques of the tool include the obtaining of the profiled knifes for clearance (achieved by increased 50:1 templates on the machine for profiled tools) and the special control templates (obtained on templates milling machine F. Studer) [. This paper presents the method of obtaining of the gear hobbing cutter profile by adjusting the corresponding shape of the abrasive disc to optimize the grinding conditions [. It is recomended the method which use the changing of the rack reference imposed by technical and functional conditions [7,8,.

Template-free synthesis of vertically aligned crystalline indium oxide nanotube arrays by pulsed argon flow in a tube-in-tube chemical vapor deposition system

Vertically aligned crystalline indium oxide (IO) nanotube arrays without using any special templates or expensive epitaxial substrates were synthesized on Si (100) substrates by using a tube-in-tube horizontal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) system.

A scalable method for discovering significant subnetworks

BackgroundStudy of biological networks is an essential first step to understand the complex functions they govern in different organisms. The topology of interactions that define how biological networks operate is often determined through high-throughput experiments. Noisy nature of high-throughput experiments, however, can result in multiple alternative network topologies that explain this data equally well. One key step to resolve the differences is to identify the subnetworks which appear significantly more frequently in a biological network data set than expected.MethodWe present a method named SiS (Significant Subnetworks) to find subnetworks with the largest probability to appear in a collection of biological networks. We define these subnetworks as the most probable subnetworks. SiS summarizes the interactions in the given collection of networks in a special template network. It uses the template network to guide the search for most probable subnetworks. It computes the lower and upper bound scores on how good the potential solutions are (i.e., the number of input networks that contain the subnetwork). As the search continues, it tightens the bound dynamically and prunes a massive number of unpromising solutions in that process.Results and conclusionsExperiments on comprehensive data sets depict that the most probable subnetworks found by SiS in a large collection of networks are also very frequent as well. In metabolic network data set, we found that subnetworks in eukaryote are more conserved than those of prokaryote. SiS also scales well to large data sets and subnetworks and runs orders of magnitude faster than an existing method, MULE. Depending on the size of the subnetwork in the same data set, the running time of SiS ranges from a few seconds to minutes; MULE, on the other hand, runs either for hours or does not even finish in days. In human transcription regulatory network data set, SiS finds a large backbone subnetwork that appears frequently regardless of diverse cell types.

135 Ventilatory Support in Patients with Central Hypoventilation Syndrome (CHS) - Results of the EU-CHS Network Survey

Background and aim of the studyAim of the study was to identify the European centers for diagnosis and treatment of patients with CHS and to collect information on type of...

Controlled Synthesis of ZnS Quantum Dots and ZnS Quantum Flakes with Graphene as a Template

Novel ZnS quantum dots (QDs) and ZnS quantum flakes (QFs) were successfully prepared with graphene nanosheets (GNs) as a special template, and two unique heterostructures of ZnS/GNs were also obtained. Due to the structure-directing template effect of GNs, the as-synthesized ZnS with different morphologies, dots or flakes, were uniformly distributed on the surface of GNs by controlling nucleation and growth. The two different heterostructures of ZnS/GNs exhibited obvious photovoltaic response, and ZnS/GN QFs-on-sheet heterostructures show higher photovoltage than that of ZnS/GN QDs-on-sheet.

Growth of a-plane GaN on r-plane sapphire by self-patterned nanoscale epitaxial lateral overgrowth

Abstract We report on the use of a novel technique to grow the nonpolar a -plane GaN on r -plane sapphire by metal–organic chemical vapor deposition. A thin InGaN interlayer was deposited on the substrate followed by a low temperature (LT) GaN buffer layer. A stripe-like template was obtained by annealing the LT GaN/InGaN layers at 1100 °C for 2 min. This special template facilitated the nanoscale epitaxial lateral overgrowth of a -plane GaN. Scanning electron microscopy shows that the surface morphology was rather flat for a 1 μm-thick sample. The improvement in crystalline quality was also demonstrated by high-resolution x-ray diffraction, room temperature Raman spectroscopy and photoluminescence measurements. Compared with the traditional epitaxial lateral overgrowth technique, our technique greatly simplified the template preparing process and the crystalline quality of a -plane GaN was improved.

Simple Method for Preparation of Porous Polyimide Film with an Ordered Surface Based on in Situ Self-Assembly of Polyamic Acid and Silica Microspheres

In this Article, we addressed a facile method for the fabrication of porous polyimide film with an ordered surface based on the solvent-evaporation-assisted in situ self-assembly of polyamic acid (PAA, precursor of polyimide) and silica microspheres during vacuum-drying of PAA/silica colloid solution. Hydroxyl groups on the surface of silica microspheres have strong hydrogen-bonding with PAA chains, which improve the dispersion of silica microspheres in PAA/DMF solution and further help the self-assembly of PAA/silica colloid solution via solvent evaporation. The approach is simple, neither the preparation of special template nor complex preparation process and precise control over condition is necessary. Furthermore, the method could be employed for mass production of ordered porous polyimide films, and by changing the content and size of silica microspheres, the pore size and porous structure of the porous polyimide films could be tunable. The wettability behavior of the as-prepared porous polyimide films is also studied; the ordered surface topography of the porous polyimide films could change the wettability from hydrophilicity to hydrophobicity.

Reconstruction of a maxillary defect with a fibula graft and titanium mesh using CAD/CAM techniques.

We present a case of maxillary and orbital floor reconstruction with a microvascular fibula graft and an individualized titanium mesh. Both were planned virtually; templates were made by rapid prototyping. The postoperative computertomography scans showed that the planned positions were achieved correctly. This case report illustrates maxillary reconstruction performed with a special template technique and demonstrates the possibilities of computer aided design/computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) applications in reconstructive surgery.

Electronic currents and the formation of nanopores in porous anodic alumina

The formation processes of barrier anodic alumina (BAA) and porousanodic alumina (PAA) are discussed in detail. The anodizing currentJT within the oxide includesionic current jion and electroniccurrent je during the anodizingprocess. The jion is used toform an oxide and the je is used to give rise to oxygen gas or sparking. Theje results from the impurity centers within the oxide. For a given electrolyte, theje is dependent on the impurity centers and independent of theJT. The formation of nanopores can be ascribed to the oxygen evolution withinthe oxide. Oxygen gas will begin to be released at the critical thicknessdc. The manner of the development of PAA is in accordance with thatof BAA. The differences between PAA and BAA are the magnitude ofje or the continuity of oxygen evolution. There are two competitive reactions, i.e. oxide growth() and oxygen evolution (). The former keeps the wall of the channel lengthened, the latter keeps the channel open.By controlling the release rate of oxygen gas under different pressures, the shape of thechannels can be adjusted. The present results may open up some opportunities forfabricating special templates.

Preparation of novel hybrid inorganic–organic hollow microspheres via a self‐template approach

AbstractBACKGROUND: Hollow microspheres, especially biodegradable polymeric microspheres, have attracted considerable attention due to their particular characteristics. Up to now, microspheres have been prepared via various strategies, for instance the template synthesis method and the self‐assembly process. However, economic, novel and simple methods to prepare hollow microspheres are still being sought.RESULTS: Phosphazene‐containing microspheres, which contain self‐assembled core‐shell structures, were prepared at high colloid contents using an ultrasonic bath via a self‐template approach. Along with the controlled self‐degradation of the internal core, the corresponding hybrid inorganic–organic hollow microspheres appeared. The mechanism was evidenced by means of transmission and scanning electron microscopy, cross‐polarization with magic angle spinning NMR, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis.CONCLUSION: It was clarified that the phosphazene‐containing microspheres could be formed and stably dispersed without aggregation even at high colloid contents using the ultrasonic bath method and the microspheres contain self‐assembled core–shell structures. Along with the controlled self‐degradation of the internal core, the corresponding hollow microspheres appeared. The mechanism of this preparation is of great significance because it is completely different from the conventional template synthesis method and the self‐assembly process. The absence of any stabilizing agent and special templates might inspire creative imagination in the design of new morphologies of micro‐ and nanostructures. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry