Spatial Flux Distribution Research Articles

The Spatial Distribution of Aeolian Dust and Terrigenous Fluxes in the Tropical Atlantic Ocean Since the Last Glacial Maximum

AbstractThe flux of terrestrial material from the continents to the oceans links the lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere through physical and biogeochemical processes, with important implications for Earth's climate. Quantitative estimates of terrigenous fluxes from sources such as rivers, aeolian dust, and resuspended shelf sediments are required to understand how the processes delivering terrigenous material respond to and are influenced by climate. We compile thorium‐230 normalized232Th flux records in the tropical Atlantic to provide an improved understanding of aeolian fluxes since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). By identifying and isolating sites dominated by aeolian terrigenous inputs, we show that there was a persistent meridional gradient in dust fluxes in the eastern equatorial Atlantic at the LGM, arguing against a large southward shift of the intertropical convergence zone during LGM boreal winter. The ratio of LGM to late‐Holocene232Th fluxes highlights a meridional difference in the magnitude of variations in dust deposition, with sites <10°N showing larger changes over time. This supports an interpretation of increased trade wind strength at the LGM, potentially combined with differential changes in soil moisture and reductions in higher altitude summer winds. Our results also highlight the persistent importance of continental margins as sources of high terrigenous flux to the open ocean. This is especially evident in the western tropical Atlantic, where study locations reveal the primary influence of the South American continent up to >700 km away, characterized by232Th fluxes approximately twice as large as aeolian‐dominated sites in the east.

Influence of Discharge Current, Pressure, and Magnetic Field on the Spatial Distribution of Particles and Fluxes in the Dusty Plasma of the Positive Column of DC Glow Discharge

In the present work, a numerical study of the influence of discharge current, gas pressure, and axial magnetic field on the formation of the spatial distributions of parameters of a dusty argon plasma of the positive column of a dc glow discharge is reported. It is found that an increase in current, pressure, or magnetic field enhances the degree of dust influence on the spatial distribution of particles and on the fluxes in the plasma and can lead to the implementation of a variety of outcomes from the flattening of the radial density profile of charged particles to the formation of uniform and even nonmonotonic radial distributions with the reversal of the ambipolar field direction. Three different modes of transition to nonmonotonic radial density profiles, depending on the parameter being changed, are reported.

Measurement and modeling of planar airblast spray flux distributions

A liquid sheet breaks up into drops by fast air streams at airblast type atomizers, which are widely utilized for jet engines. Fuel spray flux in space directly determines the local mass ratio of fuel to air inside a combustion chamber. However, it has been difficult to measure the quantitative spatial distribution of spray flux using laser techniques and mechanical patternators. Therefore, in the present study, we have developed a new shape of 3D printed patternator applicable to the measurement of spray flux distribution by a planar airblast atomizer, and quantitative data are presented at the conditions of gas velocity up to 100 m/s with changing atomizer configuration and liquid species as water and kerosene. Laser technique of Phase Doppler Anemometer and high-speed visualization are complementary conducted with theoretical investigation. The experimental results of spray flux distributions are consistently normalized by the proposed dimensionless injection condition based on the square root of momentum ratio of spreading drops to gas stream. The applicable limit of the present modeling framework is given by Weber number based on the ratio of inertia of gas stream to liquid surface tension.

Распределение потоков метана на границе вода–атмосфера в различных районах Мирового океана

For the first time, methane fluxes at the water-atmosphere interface were calculated for the water area of Pacific, Indian, and Atlantic oceans (for the area about 30,000 miles) on the basis of the expeditionary measurements of methane concentrations in the surface layer of water and subsurface layer of the atmosphere along the entire course of the vessel. Methane fluxes at the water-atmosphere interface were calculated for the water areas of the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic oceans. In the result of the studies carried out in various regions of the World Ocean, an uneven spatial distribution of methane fluxes from strong absorption to emission of anomalous intensity was observed. The article presents the results of a detailed study for the deepwater area of the Indian Ocean open waters in the northern part of the Ninetyeast Ridge. Both supersaturation and undersaturation of seawater respectively to its concentrations in the atmosphere have been revealed on the basis of the direct measurements of methane concentrations in the ocean surface water layer. The distribution of dissolved methane in the water column of the Indian Ocean has been considered.

Spreadsheet Tools for Quantifying Seepage Flux Across the GW-SW Interface.

Identifying the spatial distribution and magnitude of seepage flux across the groundwater-surface water (GW-SW) interface is critical for assessing potential impairments and restoration alternatives for water bodies adjacent to sites with groundwater contamination. Measurement of the vertical distribution and time-varying characteristics of temperature in sediments provides an indirect way to map out spatial and temporal patterns of seepage flux into surface water. Two spreadsheet-based calculation tools are introduced that implement four one-dimensional analytical solutions to calculate the magnitude and direction of seepage flux based on measurement of steady-state vertical temperature profiles or transient diel temperature signals at two depths within sediment. Performance of these calculation tools is demonstrated for a pond receiving contaminated groundwater discharge from an adjacent landfill. Transient versus steady-state model performance is compared, and limitations of transient modelsare illustrated for a situation with unfavorable sediment characteristics and inadequate sensor spacing. The availability of a range of analytical solutions implemented within Microsoft Excel® is intended to encourage practitioners to explore use of this seepage flux characterization method and develop greater insight into best practices for model selection and use.

Photometer for controlling the lighting parameters of LEDs

According to DSTU CIE 127:2017, control of characteristics of light-emitting diodes can be carried out in the laboratories of industrial or operational institutions with the use of working standards of radiation sources checked in the certified laboratories. The advantages of mass control of photometric characteristics of radiation sources are the following: higher speed and lower cost at a slightly lower but acceptable accuracy. In order to carry out mass control that meets the above requirements, in terms of production and operation, methods and technical means with a fairly high productivity, low cost of measurements and sufficient accuracy are required. The aim of the work is to solve an urgent problem – to increase the accuracy of measuring the light parameters of LEDs with a concentrated spatial distribution of luminous intensity and luminous flux for photometers without the use of rotating devices. It is shown that a photometer based on standard digital cameras, using a fiber optic focus and a correcting light filter, can provide sufficient accuracy in measuring the spatial distribution of radiation from directional light sources. Due to the use of a focon and matrix discrete photodetectors located in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of radiation, it is possible to obtain an angular spatial distribution of light source radiation without rotating devices, which in turn reduces the cost of testing. The characteristics and ease of operation of modern digital cameras have allowed their use as a photodetector array, which simplifies the design of the photometer. The error of measuring the characteristics of sources with concentrated types of curves of light using a photometer in comparison with goniophotometric methods does not exceed 5%, which allows the use of such photometers for rapid control of such products in mass production and operating conditions.

Electro-optical characteristics of an innovative LED luminaire with an LED matrix cooling system based on heat pipes

Widespread use of energy-saving LED lighting systems powered by renewable energy sources, solar energy in particular, will contribute to the improvement of global ecology. One of the structural elements of such lighting systems is LED luminaire. The authors of this article perform a first ever experimental study of electro-optical characteristics of the basic version of a compact high-power LED luminaire for indoor use. The particular feature of this lighting device is that its cooling system for the LED light source is based on heat pipes and concentric cooling rings. Such design allows ensuring the required cooling efficiency of the LED matrix. The revealed trends in optical and electrical parameters during temperature stabilization indicate that the proposed cooling system is highly efficient in maintaining normal thermal conditions of LED light sources with a power of up to 140.7 W and a luminous flux of up to 15083 lm. The results on determining spatial distribution of luminous flux of these luminaires indicate that they may be used for lighting large rooms with high ceilings. Scaling the basic modular design version of the cooling system allows increasing the power of the LED light source up to 600 W.

Spatial variations in diffusive methane fluxes and the role of eutrophication in a subtropical shallow lake

Shallow lakes account for most of the diffusive CH4 emissions from global lakes, and they also suffer from eutrophication worldwide. Determining the effect of eutrophication on diffusive CH4 fluxes is fundamental to understanding CH4 emissions in shallow lakes. This study aimed to investigate the spatial variations in diffusive CH4 fluxes and explore the role of eutrophication in Lake Chaohu, a large and shallow eutrophic lake in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. A one-year field observation was carried out to examine CH4 concentrations in the sediment and water and the diffusive fluxes of CH4 across the sediment-water interface (Fs-w) and water-air interface (Fw-a). Both Fs-w (0.306–1.56 mmol m−2 d−1) and Fw-a (0.097–0.529 mmol m−2 d−1) were upward and showed significant spatial heterogeneity and were significantly positively correlated. Parameters related to eutrophication had significant positive relationships with Fw-a, and the total phosphorus distribution in the water explained the greatest proportion of the spatial variation in Fw-a. Distance to shore and water depth were inversely correlated with Fw-a and modified the effects of eutrophication. Overall, the results provide direct evidence of the key role of eutrophication in shaping the spatial distribution of diffusive CH4 fluxes and a scientific basis for predicting changes in CH4 emissions with future eutrophication changes in shallow lakes in subtropical zones.

Impact of hollow fiber membrane length on the milk protein fractionation

Hollow fiber membranes, HFM, have not been established in milk protein fractionation by microfiltration. HFM of different lengths (0.3–1.2 m) were produced to vary the pressure drop along the module and thus to study the length dependent spatial distribution of flux and whey protein transmission along the flow path as a function of transmembrane pressure, ΔpTM, and feed volume flow rate. The objective was to identify the maximally possible module length for various combinations of ΔpTM and flow velocity leading to a pressure close to zero at the module outlet, thus avoiding negative ΔpTM and reverse permeate flow at the module end. A mean ΔpTM of 0.5 bar was identified as optimal for all module lengths to avoid deposit formation above the membrane-controlled limit, reaching a flux of 61.5 L m−2 h−1. An optimal HFM length of 0.6 m was identified for milk protein fractionation to obtain the highest flux and whey protein transmission. The shorter the module system, the higher is the possible volume flow rate to prevent excessive deposit formation and thus to achieve the best possible fractionation result.

Climate Response to Increasing Antarctic Iceberg and Ice Shelf Melt

AbstractMass loss from the Antarctic continent is increasing; however, climate models either assume a constant mass loss rate or return snowfall over land to the ocean to maintain equilibrium. Numerous studies have investigated sea ice and ocean sensitivity to this assumption and reached different conclusions, possibly due to different representations of melt fluxes. The coupled atmosphere–land–ocean–sea ice model, HadGEM3-GC3.1, includes a realistic spatial distribution of coastal melt fluxes, a new ice shelf cavity parameterization, and explicit representation of icebergs. This configuration makes it appropriate to revisit how increasing melt fluxes influence ocean and sea ice and to assess whether responses to melt from ice shelves and icebergs are distinguishable. We present results from simulated scenarios of increasing meltwater fluxes and show that these drive sea ice increases and, for increasing ice shelf melt, a decline in Antarctic Bottom Water formation. In our experiments, the mixed layer around the Antarctic coast deepens in response to rising ice shelf meltwater and shallows in response to stratification driven by iceberg melt. We find similar surface temperature and salinity responses to increasing meltwater fluxes from ice shelves and icebergs, but midlayer waters warm to greater depths and farther north when ice shelf melt is present. We show that as meltwater fluxes increase, snowfall becomes more likely at lower latitudes and Antarctic Circumpolar Current transport declines. These insights are helpful for interpretation of climate simulations that assume constant mass loss rates and demonstrate the importance of representing increasing melt rates for both ice shelves and icebergs.

Nitrous oxide dynamics during denitrification along a hydrological gradient of subtropical grasslands

AbstractNitrous oxide (N2O) dynamics during denitrification, including N2O production and reduction, particularly as related to soil depth, are poorly understood. The objective of this study was to investigate the rates of N2O production and reduction processes at various soil depths along a hydrological gradient in grazed subtropical grasslands. A batch incubation study was conducted on soils collected along a hydrological gradient representing isolated wetland (Center), transient edge (Edge) and pasture upland (Upland) in south‐central Florida. Significantly different N2O production and reduction rates between hydrological zones were observed for surface soils (0–10 cm) under ambient conditions, with average N2O production rates of 0.368, 0.178 and 0.003 N2O‐N kg−1 dry soil h−1 for Center, Edge and Upland, respectively, and average N2O reduction rates of 0.063, 0.132 and 0.002 N2O‐N kg−1 dry soil h−1. Nitrous oxide production and reduction in subsurface soils maintained low rates and showed small variations between depths and hydrological zones. Our results suggest that N2O dynamics were affected by depth, mainly through labile organic carbon (C) and microbial biomass C, being influenced by hydrological zone primarily through soil NO3‐ content. The spatial distribution of N2O fluxes from denitrification along the hydrological gradient is likely attributed to the differences in N2O production and reduction in surface soils.

Soil CO2 flux and temperature from a new geothermal area in the Cordón de Inacaliri Volcanic Complex (northern Chile)

This paper deals with the first geochemical data from an unexplored sector of the Cordón de Inacaliri Volcanic Complex (Central Andes, Chile). The site is located at ∼5,150-5,200 m a.s.l., inside the Pabelloncito graben where, at about 9 km NW of the studied area, the only currently working geothermal power plant of South America, named Cerro Pabellón, occurs. Diffuse soil CO2 and soil temperature measurements were carried out to unravel the structural control on the rising fluids and estimate the total CO2 output, the heat flow rate and the heat flux, aimed at assessing a preliminary evaluation of the geothermal potential of the area. The study area is characterized by a pervasive hydrothermal mineralogical alteration, CO2 flux values of up to ∼4,400 g m-2 d-1 and soil temperatures up to the boiling point of water at that altitude. All these features are likely related to an endogenous source. Spatial distribution of both soil CO2 flux and temperature depict an ENE-striking lineament, whose intersection with the NW-striking Pabelloncito graben forms a favourable structural setting for the discharge of hydrothermal fluids. The total CO2 output emission of the studied area (∼0.0179 km2) was ∼0.53 t d-1, with an associated discharge of steam of 6.45 t d-1 (CO2/H2O ratio = 0.08). An electric capacity potential of 1.08 MWe km-2 was computed from the heat flow rate and heat flux values. Our results suggest that this part of the Pabelloncito graben is an interesting geothermal prospect and a good candidate for further exploration studies.

Population Distribution in the Wake of a Sphere

The physics of heat and mass transfer from an object in its wake has significant importance in natural phenomena as well as across many engineering applications. Here, we report numerical results on the population density of the spatial distribution of fluid velocity, pressure, scalar concentration, and scalar fluxes of a wake flow past a sphere in the steady wake regime (Reynolds number 25 to 285). Our findings show that the spatial population distributions of the fluid and the transported scalar quantities in the wake follow a Cauchy-Lorentz or Lorentzian trend, indicating a variation in its sample number density inversely proportional to the squared of its magnitude. We observe this universal form of population distribution both in the symmetric wake regime and in the more complex three dimensional wake structure of the steady oblique regime with Reynolds number larger than 225. The population density distribution identifies the increase in dimensionless kinetic energy and scalar fluxes with the increase in Reynolds number, whereas the dimensionless scalar population density shows negligible variation with the Reynolds number. Descriptive statistics in the form of population density distribution of the spatial distribution of the fluid velocity and the transported scalar quantities is important for understanding the transport and local reaction processes in specific regions of the wake, which can be used e.g., for understanding the microphysics of cloud droplets and aerosol interactions, or in the technical flows where droplets interact physically or chemically with the environment.

Arctic Continental Margin Sediments as Possible Fe and Mn Sources to Seawater as Sea Ice Retreats: Insights From the Eurasian Margin

AbstractContinental margins are hot spots for iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) cycling. In the Arctic Ocean, these depositional systems are experiencing rapid changes that could significantly impact biogeochemical cycling. In this study, we investigate whether continental margin sediments north of Svalbard represent a source or sink of Fe and Mn to the water column and how climate change might alter these biogeochemical cycles. Our results highlight that sediments on the Yermak Plateau and Sofia Basin exhibit accumulations of Fe and Mn phases compared to average shale. Conversely, sediments from the Barents Sea slope exhibit lower enrichments of Fe and Mn compared to average shale, with the exception of enriched, near‐surface sediment layers. Pore waters from these slope sites provide evidence for Fe and Mn reduction and diffusion of Fe and Mn into near surface sediments, which are susceptible to physical or biogeochemical remobilization. These regional patterns are best explained by the spatial distribution of sea ice coverage and labile organic carbon fluxes to the seafloor. As sea ice continues to retreat and the Yermak Plateau becomes seasonally ice‐free, productivity is expected to increase, which would increase the flux of carbon to the sediments, thereby increasing oxidant demand, and the reduction of Fe and Mn mineral phases. Our results suggest that as sea ice continues to retreat, the Yermak Plateau and other Arctic continental margins could become sources of Fe and Mn to Arctic bottom waters.

Implementation of functional expansion tally method and order selection strategy in Monte Carlo code RMC

The spatial distribution of neutron flux or reaction rate was calculated by cell or mesh tally in traditional Monte Carlo simulation. However, either cell or mesh tally leads to the increase of memory consumption and simulation time. In this paper, the function expansion tally (FET) method was developed in Reactor Monte Carlo code RMC to solve this problem. The FET method was applied to the tallies of neutron flux distributions of uranium block and PWR fuel rod models. Legendre polynomials were used in the axial direction, while Zernike polynomials were used in the radial direction. The results of flux, calculation time and memory consumption of different expansion orders were investigated, and compared with the mesh tally. Results showed that the continuous distribution of flux can be obtained by FET method. The flux distributions were consistent with that of mesh tally, while the memory consumption and simulation time can be effectively reduced. Finally, the convergence analysis of coefficients of polynomials were performed, and the selection strategy of FET order was proposed based on the statistics uncertainty of the coefficients. The proposed method can help to determine the order of FET, which was meaningful for the efficiency and accuracy of FET method.

The control of hydrogen sulfide on benthic iron and cadmium fluxes in the oxygen minimum zone off Peru

Abstract. Sediments in oxygen-depleted marine environments can be an important sink or source of bio-essential trace metals in the ocean. However, the key mechanisms controlling the release from or burial of trace metals in sediments are not exactly understood. Here, we investigate the benthic biogeochemical cycling of iron (Fe) and cadmium (Cd) in the oxygen minimum zone off Peru. We combine bottom water and pore water concentrations, as well as benthic fluxes determined from pore water profiles and from in situ benthic chamber incubations, along a depth transect at 12∘ S. In agreement with previous studies, both concentration–depth profiles and in situ benthic fluxes indicate a release of Fe from sediments to the bottom water. Diffusive Fe fluxes and Fe fluxes from benthic chamber incubations (−0.3 to −17.5 mmol m−2 yr−1) are broadly consistent at stations within the oxygen minimum zone, where the flux magnitude is highest, indicating that diffusion is the main transport mechanism of dissolved Fe across the sediment–water interface. The occurrence of mats of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria on the seafloor represents an important control on the spatial distribution of Fe fluxes by regulating hydrogen sulfide (H2S) concentrations and, potentially, Fe sulfide precipitation within the surface sediment. Rapid removal of dissolved Fe after its release to anoxic bottom waters hints at oxidative removal by nitrite and interactions with particles in the near-bottom water column. Benthic flux estimates of Cd suggest a flux into the sediment within the oxygen minimum zone. Fluxes from benthic chamber incubations (up to 22.6 µmol m−2 yr−1) exceed diffusive fluxes (<1 µmol m−2 yr−1) by a factor of more than 25, indicating that downward diffusion of Cd across the sediment–water interface is of subordinate importance for Cd removal from benthic chambers. As Cd removal in benthic chambers covaries with H2S concentrations in the pore water of surface sediments, we argue that Cd removal is mediated by precipitation of cadmium sulfide (CdS) within the chamber water or directly at the sediment–water interface. A mass balance approach, taking the contributions of diffusive and chamber fluxes as well as Cd delivery with organic material into account, suggests that CdS precipitation in the near-bottom water could make an important contribution to the overall Cd mass accumulation in the sediment solid phase. According to our results, the solubility of trace metal sulfide minerals (Cd ≪ Fe) is a key factor controlling trace metal removal and, consequently, the magnitude and the temporal and spatial heterogeneity of sedimentary fluxes. We argue that, depending on their sulfide solubility, sedimentary source or sink fluxes of trace metals will change differentially as a result of declining oxygen concentrations and the associated expansion of sulfidic surface sediments. Such a trend could cause a change in the trace metal stoichiometry of upwelling water masses with potential consequences for marine ecosystems in the surface ocean.

Measurement of induced currents in radio frequency magnetic fields based on near field antenna perturbations

A measurement system is developed utilizing electromagnetic compatibility test equipment for the study of induced current in conductive materials subjected to radio frequency (RF) magnetic field strengths similar to the 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) B1 magnetic field at ∼65 MHz. The intent of developing such a system was to produce μT range RF magnetic fields in the laboratory to facilitate characterization of induction in conductive materials with modified surface electromagnetic properties to address unintended eddy current issues like Joule heating caused by implanted devices during MRI. A Helmholtz coil (HHC) is used as the RF magnetic field source, and the radiated field is monitored using a receiving loop antenna positioned coaxially outside the HHC. The measurement system operates in continuous wave and pulsed wave modes. Analytical models of the system were derived, which calculate the spatial distribution of RF magnetic flux and the induced current within a coaxially located sample in the transmission path between the HHC and receiving (R/C) loop from output voltage measurements at a single coaxial position. Induced currents were evaluated at multiple flux densities and at different frequencies, showing direct proportionality over the flux densities tested. Induced current results recorded in samples of different sizes and electrical conductivities (ranging from 0.1 to 5.8 × 107 (Ω m)−1 produced changes, matching trends predicted by conductive, closed-loop antenna theory. Induced currents were also used with simultaneous temperature rise measurements to characterize the effective surface conductivity for wire with non-uniform properties at 65 MHz.

Reduced Order Modeling for fire sprinkler sprays

A Reduced Order Model (ROM) providing a highly detailed description of the sprinkler spray has been developed for engineering applications. The new ROM approach combines an elegantly parameterized analytical description of the dispersed spray with a tightly integrated high-fidelity description of the initial spray capable of producing a complete quantitative map of the entire sprinkler spray field from centerline to edge and ceiling to floor. The complex spray field is mapped using a sparsely sampled phase-space accounting for all drops produced by the sprinkler. The spray is mapped through fast two-dimensional trajectory calculations spanning this discretized phase-space to produce quantitative views of the spray in regions of interest or in its entirety. Spray patterns are easily extracted from this spray field according to attributes of interest. The ROM is demonstrated by comparing predicted and measured spray patterns generated below a commercial sprinkler. These spray patterns are quantified through spatial distributions of volume flux showing good agreement between measurements and ROM predictions (average error of 0.44 mm/min or 5% of peak volume flux). The speed and robustness of the ROM provide an unprecedented quantitative view of fire sprinkler spraying performance with sufficient accuracy for potential use in engineering design applications.

Field-scale management and environmental drivers of N2O emissions from pasture-based dairy systems

Emissions of N2O from two dairy farms with different grazing intensity responded non-linearly to increasing soil nitrate availability and total rainfall. Higher N2O emissions were observed immediately after grazing, due to the possible increased incidence of N deposition from animal excreta, increased soil compaction and low plant N uptake. The spatial distribution of N2O fluxes and soil nitrate contents reflected the effect of animal treading and excreta N deposition with N2O fluxes in the proximity of field gateways 11 times higher than the field average. Three years average annual N2O emissions were 6 times higher (9.3 ± 2.6 kg N2O-N ha−1 y−1) in the high grazing intensity farm than in the low grazing intensity farm (1.6 ± 0.2 kg N2O-N ha−1 y−1). This corresponded to 2% and 0.9% of the fertiliser N inputs lost as N2O for the high and low intensity farm, respectively. The GHG intensity (N2O emitted per kg of fat and protein corrected milk FPCM) for the intensive system was only almost two times higher than the non-intensive system (0.12 vs 0.08 kg CO2-eq per kg FPCM y−1 for the high and low intensity system, respectively). The high occurrence of N load hotspots near animal gateways in this study underlines the necessity to account for the spatial N variation in dairy grazing systems. Integrating the spatial management of N loads into improved farming practice has therefore significant scope to reduce N2O emissions and N losses from dairy grazing systems.

Polarization dynamics of a vector cavity soliton in a birefringent fiber resonator

We investigate theoretically the polarization dynamics of vector cavity solitons in a birefringent fiber resonator exhibiting net anomalous dispersion. The well-known Lugiato-Lefever equation is adopted to capture the intracavity field dynamics when two orthogonal modes are coupled via nonlinear cross-phase modulation. Numerical simulations reveal the coexistence of different nonlinear states, such as cavity solitons (CSs) with a modulation instability pattern, two identical CSs, or a nonidentical pair of CSs depending on the external parameters. We distinguish three different types of coexisting CSs based on their polarization properties. Stokes parameters and Jones vector analysis are employed to extract the spatial energy flux distribution and the complex electric field associated with each polarization mode, respectively. We observe that the group-velocity mismatch affects the individual CS dynamics which has direct consequences of their polarization states. Our detailed findings with the polarization properties of CSs will enrich the understanding of dissipative vector CS dynamics in a passive birefringent fiber resonator.