Spatial Boundaries Research Articles

Između pejzaža i hiperobjekata - mapiranje viskoziteta borske flotacione jalovine

In contemporary architecture and related disciplines, the understanding of landscape is undergoing transformative changes due to ecological emergencies. Rather than perceiving landscape as a static form, it is regarded as an open process, suggesting its complete comprehension may be elusive. Consequently, alternative models that surpass traditional picturesque representations are emerging within the field of landscape representation. Furthermore, different theoretical frameworks are being employed to grasp the supposed geological epoch of the Anthropocene. Object-oriented ontology (OOO) is a framework that falls under the speculative realism school of thought. Within this theoretical lens, Timothy Morton introduces the concept of hyperobjects, referring to entities that transcend spatial and temporal boundaries and profoundly impact life on Earth. Hyperobjects manifest through diverse phenomena such as global warming, radioactive materials, nuclear waste, pollution, etc. They possess five defining characteristics: viscosity, nonlocality, time undulation, interobjectivity and phasing that may be further interpreted in the architectural discipline. Therefore, this paper aims to contribute to the ongoing discourse on hyperobjects and their essential characteristics while exploring their connections to various architectural landscape concepts. Moreover, it seeks to conduct a design-driven research experiment focused on an alternative viscosity representation in Bor, a flotation tailing in Eastern Serbia.

САМОВРЯДНА СКЛАДОВА ПУБЛІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ ІНКЛЮЗИВНИМ РОЗВИТКОМ ОБ’ЄДНАНИХ ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНИХ ГРОМАД ТА РАЙОНІВ УКРАЇНИ

The formation of the UTC and of new districts led to significant changes not only in the administrative-territorial system, but also in the territorial organization of society, the key feature of which is manifested in the growing role in social processes of the self-governing as component of public administration in the conditions of the formation of "mixed" in terms of population composition, complex according to their functions, sectoral and socio-spatial direction of development of continuous-convergent formations of the agglomeration type with signs of inclusiveness. From this follows the scientific and practical relevance of the problem related to determining the role of the self-governing component of public management of inclusive development of UTC and regions of Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the social purpose of the self-governing component of public management as a motivator and agent of inclusiveness formation within the spatial boundaries of the UTC and regions of Ukraine. For her implementation, the task of revealing the role of local identity in this process as the basis of an appropriate inclusive environment was formulated; of systemic characteristics of inclusive self-government; determining the place of the self-governing component in the system of public administration of inclusive development of UTC and districts. It is proven that the reform of decentralization of power and management created opportunities for the democratization of the system of public management of inclusive development through the direct implementation of self-governing principles at the level of local government and self-governing and representative interests of communities at the level of districts. However, such potential opportunities in the form of a self-governing component of public management of the inclusive development of these socio-spatial entities can turn into reality, first of all, under the condition of recognizing the individual as the primary self-governing link. This is precisely the scientific novelty of the research. It is noted that the basis of inclusive self-governance of UTC and districts is the organization of local communities' life activities through the formation of local identity, the self-determination of each person as an agent of inclusive development, followed by their involvement to cohesion and of integration around the solution of common social problems. Social inclusion of the residents of the UTC in the local space of the districts is possible under the condition of combining self-governing and management functions based on commonality and representation of the interests of each individual person, community and district local community as a whole. The formation of an inclusive local environment presupposes the presence of financial and economic, inclusive, self-governing and public-management capacity of UTC and districts. Attention is focused on the expediency of focusing further attention of scientists on the substantiation of the integral index of inclusiveness of these socio-spatial formations, as well as the deepening of scientific ideas about the essence of inclusive governance.

Геоинформационный аспект систематизации архива геолого-геофизических данных: проблемы и пути решения

The article highlights methodological issues of geoinformation aspect of systematization of geological and geophysical data archive on the example of disparate lists of archive documents of a typical service organization (small and medium-sized business entity). The article proposes the methodology of preparation of a single array of geodata to ensure spatial search of storage materials and formation of derivative cartographic products for various purposes. The result of approbation was the system of the archive of the generalised level of study (the level of projects implemented by the organization), including the interconnected geodata array with the boundaries of the objects of completed works, the register of contracts and the catalogue of storage units. The proposed solutions for the formation of a relational database with the developed key identification code of the spatial object of study are oriented to the systematization of not only the data on the spatial boundaries of the works performed, but also the current lists of archival documents. The results obtained ensure not only the continuity of the life cycle and full functioning of data within the organization, but also operational access to information when designing modern geological and exploration works in previously explored regions of the country.

РОЛЬ УРБАНІЗАЦІЇ ТА РУРАЛІЗАЦІЇ В ІНКЛЮЗИВНОМУ РОЗВИТКУ СІЛЬСЬКО-МІСЬКИХ АГЛОМЕРАЦІЙ УКРАЇНИ

As a result of the reform of the territorial organization of society in Ukraine, united territorial communities (UTC) and new districts identified as rural-urban agglomerations were formed. In this regard, there was a need to clarify the essence of this socio-spatial phenomenon, to determine its place in the system of social relations and in the solution of urgent socio-economic problems related to overcoming significant differences between the town and the countryside, of disparities in the development of regions. The article substantiates the need to determine the degree of dependence of the development of rural-urban agglomerations of Ukraine on the basis of inclusiveness from the impact on this process of urbanization and ruralization. In order to achieve this goal, the task was formulated ‒ to identify UTC and districts as rural-urban agglomeration formations; reveal the essence of socio-spatial inclusiveness; to find out the development trends of these agglomerations under the influence of urbanization and ruralization. The methodological basis of the study is the fundamental and latest works of Ukrainian and foreign scientists on various aspects of inclusive development, the nature of agglomerations, and modern trends in the manifestation of urbanization and ruralization. The research was carried out using of interdisciplinary, systemic and institutional approaches, comparative, statistical methods, as well as methods of SWOT-analysis, deduction and induction, analysis and synthesis. The scientific novelty of the study consists in substantiating the position regarding the dependence of the inclusive development of rural-urban agglomerations on the influence of urbanization and ruralization. Taking into account the manifestation within the spatial boundaries of these agglomeration formations of urbanization and ruralization allowed us to carry out the appropriate typology of UTC and districts, classification according to urban and rural features of the regions of Ukraine. According to the results of the research, certain generalizations were made, practical recommendations were given, the use of which is appropriate in the conditions of the post-war recovery of Ukraine on the basis of inclusiveness. It is noted that their implementation as best as possible will require the continuation of scientific research in the specified direction.

Национальное и интернациональное в организации пространства болгарских поселений в Республике Коми

The paper examines the peculiarities of the formation of an environment with ethnic markers in the space of Bulgarian logging villages in the Udora district of the Komi Republic in the 70–80-ies of the twentieth century. The relevance of the research is determined by the issue of fixing the historical context and preserving the monuments of fine art reflecting the epoch and the communicative features of various cultural layers, as well as the interaction of personal and collective memory. The aim of the study is to identify the mechanisms of visual image formation in the international and national content of Bulgarian art in the Komi Republic. The authors payspecial attention to the culture of memory in relation to other commemorative practices based on the visualization of the objective world and cultural landscape. The importance of this topic is explained by the active movement of people between cities and countries and the erasing of spatial boundaries of the cultural landscape in the conditions of Soviet ideological attitudes of internationalism, in which national peculiarities are preserved, while a tolerant relationship in society is established. The results obtained allowed identifying the sources and conditions of formation of the spatial environment in Bulgarian workers' settlements and analyzing the context of national and international features of architectural structures and monumental painting and sculpture in the cultural landscape. The authors come to the conclusion that the Bulgarian workers' settlements of the Komi Republic attest to the fact that visual agitation in combination with other works of art was an effective means of shaping a cultural landscape with ethnic markers in terms of the international content.

Border Formation

This doctoral thesis examines the militarisation of the Southern border of Hungary as a process of spatial formation, expanding the debate on borders from the political to the architectural arena. Combining spatial theory with empirical research on the case study, the thesis rethinks the border as a complex spatial system, with an agency of its own. From this perspective, it contests the enforcement of spatial boundaries from the above and related ideas of fixity. It brings attention to the agency of space in the advancement of a material becoming; the role of migration in the radical redefinition of meanings and functions of space; and the action of technologies in the strategic manipulation of measures and scales. While conceptualising the border as a space in formation, this thesis builds a diagrammatic method of study and moves the research in an ontoepistemological direction. With the aim of fostering a change in those structures that control the partition and governance of space, this doctoral study calls the discipline of architecture to review its questions, methods, and practices. It invites to use architectural knowledge to engage with borders’ complexity and challenge their established meanings and makings.

Looking Back to Move Forward: A Review of Literature to Identify #BlackLivesMatter as the Virtual Community That Sparked a Movement

George Zimmerman, a white neighborhood watchman, was acquitted in July of 2013 for the murder of unarmed African American teenager Trayvon Martin. Upset by this news, many people took to social media to express their discontent. A Facebook post from one user in particular, Alicia Garza, resulted in the hashtag #blacklivesmatter. It wasn’t until the shooting death of another African American teenager, Michael Brown, that the hashtag gained momentum on other social media sites. This paper argues that the use of the hashtag #blacklivesmatter on Twitter created a meeting place, free from temporal and spatial boundaries, for people to organize against and combat the racial injustices imparted upon the Black community. Through a review of literature on virtual communities, this paper identifies the hashtag #blacklivesmatter as a virtual community which 1) increased the visibility of these injustices imparted upon the Black community and 2) catalyzed the hashtag #blacklivesmatter into a social movement.

Real-time correlators in chaotic quantum many-body systems

We study real-time correlators $\ensuremath{\langle}\mathcal{O}(\mathbf{x},t)\mathcal{O}(0,0)\ensuremath{\rangle}$ of local operators in chaotic quantum many-body systems. These correlators show universal structure at late times, determined by the geometry of the dominant operator-space Feynman trajectories for the evolving operator $\mathcal{O}(\mathbit{x},t)$. These trajectories, which involve the operator contracting to a point at both the initial and final time, are qualitatively different from those that dominate the out-of-time-order correlation function. In the absence of conservation laws, local correlations decay exponentially: $\ensuremath{\langle}\mathcal{O}(\mathbf{x},t)\mathcal{O}(0,0)\ensuremath{\rangle}\ensuremath{\sim}exp(\ensuremath{-}{s}_{\text{eq}}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}r(\mathbit{v})\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}t)$, where $\mathbit{v}=\mathbit{x}/t$ defines a ray in spacetime, and $r(\mathbit{v})$ is a rate function associated with this ray. We express $r(\mathbit{v})$ in terms of cost functions for various spacetime structures. In $1+1\mathrm{D}$ the operator histories can exhibit a phase transition at a critical value ${v}_{c}$ of the ray velocity, which leads to a singular behavior in $r(\mathbit{v})$. At low velocities, the dominant Feynman histories are ``fat'': The operator grows to a size of order ${t}^{\ensuremath{\alpha}}$ (with $\ensuremath{\alpha}=1/2$ in the simplest case) before contracting to a point again. At high velocities the trajectories are ``thin'': The operator always remains of order-one size. In a Haar-random quantum circuit, this transition maps to a simple binding transition for a pair of random walks, which represent the left and right spatial boundaries of the operator. In higher-dimensional systems, thin trajectories always dominate. We discuss the circumstances in which the butterfly velocity ${v}_{B}$ can be deduced from a time-ordered two-point function, rather than the out-of-time ordered correlator. In the random circuit, correlators may also be computed in the framework of an effective Ising-like statistical mechanics model: we describe this calculation, as well as a special feature of the weights in the case of a $1+1\mathrm{D}$ Haar-random brickwork circuit. The present paper addresses lattice models, but also suggests the possibility of morphological phase transitions for real-time Feynman diagrams in continuum quantum field theories.

Математическая модель анализа и прогнозирования экономических процессов, связанных с теневым денежным потоком

The structure of the article allows us to reveal the main content of the proposed mathematical model of analysis and forecasting of economic processes associated with shadow cash flow. The mathematical model of the shadow cash flow is a set of equations and mathematical relations reflecting the main properties of the shadow cash flow and the features of its distribution in the banking environment at the spatial and temporal boundaries of the area of its formation. Based on the review of the main provisions of the scientific literature, the concept of illegal economic benefits extracted by economic entities is revealed, a comparative analysis of the concept of “shadow economy” and “shadow cash flow” is carried out. The calculation formula of the shadow cash flow is disclosed. Based on the theoretical concept of mathematical modeling, the qualitative characteristics of the proposed mathematical model are determined according to the following characteristics: the complexity of the modeling object, the model operator / model implementation method, input and output parameters, the purpose of modeling, the displayed properties of the object. The conclusion is reasoned that the proposed system of shadow cash flow indicators characterizes the qualitative aspects of the shadow economy indicator and should be taken into account when developing Russia’s economic policy. Approbation of the proposed algorithm for calculating the shadow cash flow was carried out on the basis of the described formulas when modeling the information and analytical system: “The spectrum of the distribution of shadow cash flow”.

Morphological control enables nanometer-scale dissection of cell-cell signaling complexes

Protein micropatterning enables robust control of cell positioning on electron-microscopy substrates for cryogenic electron tomography (cryo-ET). However, the combination of regulated cell boundaries and the underlying electron-microscopy substrate (EM-grids) provides a poorly understood microenvironment for cell biology. Because substrate stiffness and morphology affect cellular behavior, we devised protocols to characterize the nanometer-scale details of the protein micropatterns on EM-grids by combining cryo-ET, atomic force microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Measuring force displacement characteristics of holey carbon EM-grids, we found that their effective spring constant is similar to physiological values expected from skin tissues. Despite their apparent smoothness at light-microscopy resolution, spatial boundaries of the protein micropatterns are irregular at nanometer scale. Our protein micropatterning workflow provides the means to steer both positioning and morphology of cell doublets to determine nanometer details of punctate adherens junctions. Our workflow serves as the foundation for studying the fundamental structural changes governing cell-cell signaling.

A palóc nyelvjárási beszélőközösség diftongushasználatának izoglosszája térben és időben

In recent years I have done researches in the Palóc dialect area. In this region the diphthongs were used by the speakers of a larger area in earlier eras of Hungarian language history. In some dialect groups and local dialects of this region even in the 19th century also reported diphthong pronunciation. At the end of the 20th century and now most of the Palóc speakers do not pronounce diphthongs, this data is demonstrated in language tests. It can be detected divergent linguistic movements. We can perceive those different phenomena on both sides of the Trianon border in the earlier Nógrád county (the borderline between Hungary and Slovakia is here at the present). The geographical boundary line marking the area in which a distinctive linguistic feature commonly occurs. The isogloss means a geographical dialect continuum. In my study, I try to draw the temporal and spatial boundaries of diphthong use and disappearance. Sometimes these differences will be larger, sometimes smaller, but they will be cumulative. My corpus shows linguistic changes from the Middle Age to the present. My analysis was done by the following written and oral data: 1. The Code of Gömöry from the 16th century – the nun who copied it (her name: soror Katherina, Legéndy Kató), comes from the Palóc dialect region from the village Legénd. My resources contain the descriptions of the speech and customs of the Palóc speakers from the 18th and the 19th century (Matthias Bel 1735, from the northern Palóc region; Fábián Szeder 1819, the first and the following researches in the area along the river Ipoly; Imre Hollók 1836, from the region of Gömör; István Szabó 1837, in the valley of Karancs; Antal Reguly 1857, notes on her trip in the land of Palóc ethnicity; Gyula Pap 1865, from the region of Salgó; Sándor Pintér 1880, her collections in the western central region of the Palóc; Gyula Istvánffy 1890–1900, her collection of the folk poetries in the area of Mátra); 3. Atlas of the Hungarian Dialects from the middle of the 20th century; 4. the data from the atlases of dialect islands from Slavonien (at the present: Croatia); 5. Dialect Atlas of Medvesalja; 6. and language databases from the 20th and 21th century, my own research from a village Karancslapujtő in the Palóc area. Based on the data, I try to present the isogloss of the spread of diphthongs in space and time in the Palóc dialect area groups.

Goos-Hänchen shift at a temporal boundary

While Goos--H\"anchen effects at spatial boundaries have been well studied, light-matter interactions at temporal boundaries have only recently become a subject of interest. Here, the authors develop a theory of time shifts for pulses reflected from a moving temporal boundary in a dispersive medium, and reveal the importance of the relative velocities of the pulse and boundary.

The deliberative dimension of the visual sign in the contemporary Iraqi poster

The current research dealt with (the deliberative dimension of the visual sign in the contemporary Iraqi poster) in an attempt to identify the importance of the contemporary poster and the role of the international dimension of the visual sign of exceptional importance.What is the international dimension of the visual mark?- What is the effect of the visual label on the contemporary Iraqi poster?
 The current research aims to identify the pragmatic dimension in the contemporary Iraqi poster.Across the temporal and spatial research boundaries of the year (2000-2020) in Iraq. The limits of the objective research The limits of this study on the pragmatics in the visual sign and the determination of the relationship between them and its dimensions in the Iraqi poster.As for the second chapter, the theoretical framework and previous studies, the research included two topics:- The first topic (approaches of the deliberative dimension in the visual sign).The second topic (the aesthetics of the contemporary poster).
 As for the third chapter represented by the research procedures, the researcher followed the descriptive approach in the style of content analysis to achieve the objectives of the research. The research community included a group of contemporary posters obtained by the researcher through the Internet. The current research community reached 12 models. The research sample was intentionally selected according to a set of justifications. The research sample consisted of 5 modelsAs for the fourth chapter, it included the results of the research that the researcher reached through her analysis of the research sample models, the most important of which are:1- The artworks presented a pragmatic dimension of the visual sign in various cases and methods of presentation as in all models.2- The visual sign appears in a symbolic design style in order to achieve its deliberative purpose, as in all models.As for the conclusions:The diversity of showing the structure of the international dimension of the visual sign in1- contemporary times.The design structure contained the international dimension of the visual mark in contemporary times2- and a function with a marketing purposeThe researcher recommended:The researcher recommends encouraging graduate students to investigate the functional concepts of the visual sign and its effective role in society and in contemporary Iraqi painting.The researcher suggested conducting a complementary study to her current research: The Visual Sign and its Deliberative Dimension in the Contemporary World.The research concluded with sources and appendices

Long-Term Changes in the Distribution and Abundance of Nine Deep-Water Skates (Arhynchobatidae: Rajiformes: Chondrichthyes) in the Northwestern Pacific.

Based on the analysis of long-term data from bottom trawl surveys (1977-2021), changes in the spatial distribution, position of the boundaries of the ranges and the catch rates of the nine most common deep-sea skates of the genus Bathyraja in the Russian waters of the Northwestern Pacific (B. violacea, B. aleutica, B. matsubarai, B. maculata, B. bergi, B. taranetzi, B. minispinosa, B. interrupta, and B. isotrachys) are considered. During the surveyed period, significant changes in the spatial distribution were observed, which are probably due to both subjective reasons (changes in the number of trawling stations, surveyed depths, etc.) and climatic changes. No monotonous displacement of the northern or southern boundaries of the range or its center in one direction was observed in any area of any species during the entire observation period. At the same time, shifts in the boundaries of the ranges of different species in different areas occurred for different decades, i.e., the boundaries of the ranges slowly fluctuated or "pulsed" near some average annual position. In general, from the 1970s to the 1980s, the number of skates grew; from the 1980s to the 1990s, it decreased; from the 1990s to the 2000s, it fluctuated at the achieved level; from the 2000s to the 2010s, it grew again; and from the 2010s to the 2020s, it decreased again. These trends coincide with previously identified ecosystem rearrangements under the influence of climatic and oceanological changes. The identification of links between changes in spatial distribution, range boundaries and catch rates with climatic and oceanological factors require separate additional studies.

Integrating Spatial Heterogeneity to Identify the Urban Fringe Area Based on NPP/VIIRS Nighttime Light Data and Dual Spatial Clustering

The precise recognition of urban fringes is vital to monitor urban sprawl and map urban management planning. The spatial clustering method is a prevalent way to identify urban fringes due to its objectivity and convenience. However, previous studies had problems with ignoring spatial heterogeneity, which could overestimate or underestimate the recognition results. Nighttime light can reflect the transitional urban–rural regions’ regional spatial characteristics and can be used to identify urban fringes. Accordingly, a new model has been established for urban fringe identification by combining spatial continuous wavelet transform (SCWT) and dual spatial clustering. Then, Nanjing City, China, as a case study, is employed to validate the model through the NPP/VIIRS nighttime light data. The identification of mutated points across the urban–rural gradient is conducted by utilizing the SCWT. By using dual spatial clustering in the urban fringe identification, it transmits the mutation points’ spatial patterns to the homogeneous spatially neighboring clusters effectively, which measures the similarity between mutation points regarding spatial and attribute domains. A comparison of the identified results by various spatial clustering approaches revealed that our method could be more suitable for the impacts of mutation points’ local spatial patterns on different density values over the whole density surface, thus leading to more accurate spatial boundaries featured by differentiating actual differences of mutation points between adjacent clusters.

Impact of Covid-19 pandemic on the transnationalization of LGBT* activism in Japan and beyond.

The global Covid-19 pandemic has strongly impacted social practices, relocating communications and social networks into the digital space. Contextualized in such impact of the Covid-19 pandemic, the local LGBT* activism in Japan achieved a special momentum: both the acceleration of the socio-spatial relocation of LGBT* activism to the digital space and the postponement of the Tokyo Olympics 2020 by 1 year enabled activists to mobilize people domestically and globally. The pandemic was not the actual cause or driver of the local LGBT* activism, yet it has been an important catalyst for the transnationalization of the local movement in Japan, pushing evidently the spatial boundaries to achieve broader public outreach but in turn also receiving stronger support from the global community through transnational networks. This study explores novel dynamics of spatiality and temporality of social transformations through the Covid-19-induced increase in global digital connectedness as well as transnationalization of local actions.

Spatial Boundaries, Abounding Spaces by Mohit Chandna

Spatial Boundaries, Abounding Spaces by Mohit Chandna

Socio-economic metabolism research: Connotation, discovery, and prospect

Socio-economic metabolism refers to the human-driven migration and transformation of material and energy within and at the boundary of the socio-economic system. The research of socio-economic metabolism has become the core in industrial ecology. We introduced the connotation and basic steps of socio-economic metabolism research with typical cases, and summarized the main findings of socio-economic metabolism research. The research provide a method and model to track the sources, sinks, and flow path of materials in the socio-economic system, reveal how materials and their socio-economic metabolic processes supported modern production and lifestyle. Related studies have clarified the mechanism by which human activities driving the ecological and environmental problems related to material metabolism. It provides the model and database for evaluating the resource efficiency, the trend of resource supply and demand, and the potential of urban mining. We put forward the future directions of socio-economic metabolism research: to increase research objects and enhance the research precision of each object; to expand and deepen the temporal and spatial boundaries of the research system; to introduce and integrate new data sources and research methods; to connect the material flows of socio-economic metabolism with its related ecological and environmental impacts; and to establish a data platform that could be shared, expanded and accumulated.

Defining functional spatial boundaries using a spatial release from masking task.

The classic spatial release from masking (SRM) task measures speech recognition thresholds for discrete separation angles between a target and masker. Alternatively, this study used a modified SRM task that adaptively measured the spatial-separation angle needed between a continuous male target stream (speech with digits) and two female masker streams to achieve a specific SRM. On average, 20 young normal-hearing listeners needed less spatial separation for 6 dB release than 9 dB release, and the presence of background babble reduced across-listener variability on the paradigm. Future work is needed to better understand the psychometric properties of this adaptive procedure.

Neuronal cell types, projections, and spatial organization of the central amygdala.

The central amygdala (CEA) has been richly studied for interpreting function and behavior according to specific cell types and circuits. Such work has typically defined molecular cell types by classical inhibitory marker genes; consequently, whether marker-gene-defined cell types exhaustively cover the CEA and co-vary with connectivity remains unresolved. Here, we combined single-cell RNA sequencing, multiplexed fluorescent in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, and long-range projection mapping to derive a "bottom-up" understanding of CEA cell types. In doing so, we identify two major cell types, encompassing one-third of all CEA neurons, that have gone unresolved in previous studies. In spatially mapping these novel types, we identify a non-canonical CEA subdomain associated with Nr2f2 expression and uncover an Isl1-expressing medial cell type that accounts for many long-range CEA projections. Our results reveal new CEA organizational principles across cell types and spatial scales and provide a framework for future work examining cell-type-specific behavior and function.