Spanish Burnout Inventory Research Articles

Burnout syndrome prevalence among Latin American teachers during the pandemic

ObjectiveTeaching is a profession associated with high burnout levels due to its very nature. During the COVID-19 pandemic, teachers in Latin America were expected to adjust to remote teaching. The effect this had on burnout syndrome in the region during the pandemic has not been investigated. This study aimed to compare the prevalence of burnout syndrome among teachers in Argentina, Chile, Ecuador, and Peru based on their work experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic MethodsA quantitative, descriptive-correlational, cross-sectional design was employed. 2,012 teachers across different educational levels answered the Spanish Burnout Inventory (SBI) using an intentional non-probabilistic sampling. Ordinal logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the occurrence of guilt linked to syndrome development ResultsDifferences were found in the dimensions of enthusiasm toward the job, psychological exhaustion, indolence, and guilt for the various samples, revealing Profile 1 and Profile 2. However, sociodemographic variables did not show significant differences across countries. Ordinal logistic regression analyses also revealed guilt as a predictive factor for elevated burnout levels across all countries ConclusionThe findings underscore the complex interplay between burnout and guilt among teachers during the pandemic. Specific burnout profiles were identified, emphasizing the necessity for targeted interventions. Promoting supportive work environments and tailored interventions for high-risk teacher subgroups are essential. Addressing psychosocial occupational risk factors in educational policies is crucial for fostering healthier work environments.

Burnout Syndrome and Emotional Labor in Leaders and Subordinates: A Dyad Analysis

Burnout Syndrome is considered a chronic response to occupational stressors in the work environment. Social interactions constitute one of the stressors at work that can generate negative feelings that trigger a process of contagion of the syndrome among workers in interdependent relationships. This study aimed to analyze whether emotional labor (emotional demands, emotional dissonance) at the level of the leader and subordinate dyad contributes to the manifestation of Burnout Syndrome. The participants included 244 leader–subordinate dyads who answered a questionnaire with sociodemographic and labor data, the Spanish Burnout Inventory, a subscale of the Questionnaire on the Experience and Assessment of Work, and a subscale of the Frankfurt Emotion Work Scale. Analyses were performed using the actor–partner interdependence model (APIM) through path analysis. The results indicate that the emotional demands of the leaders and the emotional dissonance of the subordinates predict the leader’s Burnout Syndrome. The Burnout Syndrome of subordinates was predicted only by the emotional demands of subordinates. Organizational actions are necessary for the better functioning of this dyad, aiming to mitigate the negative consequences of emotional labor on workers’ mental health.

Burnout and Its Relationship with Work Engagement in Healthcare Professionals: A Latent Profile Analysis Approach

The aim of this study was to use latent profile analysis to identify specific profiles of burnout syndrome in combination with work engagement and to identify whether job satisfaction, psychological well-being, and other sociodemographic and work variables affect the probability of presenting a profile of burnout syndrome and low work enthusiasm. A total of 355 healthcare professionals completed the Spanish Burnout Inventory, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, the Job Satisfaction Scale, and the Psychological Well-Being Scale for Adults. Latent profile analysis identified four profiles: (1) burnout with high indolence (BwHIn); (2) burnout with low indolence (BwLIn); (3) high engagement, low burnout (HeLb); and (4) in the process of burning out (IPB). Multivariate logistic regression showed that a second job in a government healthcare institution; a shift other than the morning shift; being divorced, separated or widowed; and workload are predictors of burnout profiles with respect to the HeLb profile. These data are useful for designing intervention strategies according to the needs and characteristics of each type of burnout profile.

Psychometric Properties of the Spanish Burnout Inventory in University Teachers in Hybrid Education

Introduction The scientific literature argues the urgent need for adequate tools to assess burnout in human service professionals, however, little progress has been made on this in university teachers in hybrid environments, even though after the pandemic, these work scenarios are predominant. Objective To determine the psychometric properties of invariance between male and female teachers of hybrid education in the Spanish Burnout Inventory (SBI). Method The anonymous, self-administered SBI was administered to 1060 university teachers in Lima, Peru, from online random sampling. Of the total number of participants, 626 were women (59.1%) and 434 were men (40.9%), with an age range of 22 to 76 years, with a mean of 46.97 and a standard deviation of 10.256. It should be noted that 74.5% of the teachers worked full time. The analysis used the statistical programs AMOS v24, SPSS v26 and R-Project v4.1.2. First, a descriptive analysis of the data was performed, as well as a multivariate normality test of the data. Secondly, confirmatory factor analysis was performed; finally, a factorial invariance test was performed. Results Cronbach's alpha of the SBI was 0.827, and for each subscale: Enthusiasm toward the job (0.742), Psychological exhaustion (0.889), Indolence (0.819), Guilt (0.816). According to the fit indicators, the confirmatory factor model is adequate. The results supported configural invariance, metric invariance, scalar invariance, and strict invariance in the male and female groups, although further investigation of some items specific to the indolence factor is needed. Conclusion The SBI is a valid instrument to assess burnout in university teachers in hybrid environments. Studies associated with the SBI focus on its psychometric properties, burnout prevalence, related variables, and literature reviews. The validation of the SBI in various countries and service areas is discussed, as well as future implications for intervention in burnout prevention and mastery.

The relationships between teachers' emotional health and stress coping.

Teaching is a profession that involves challenges to emotional health. Teachers experience high levels of work-related stress, which causes symptoms such as anxiety, depression and burnout. Teachers' mental health affects not only their own well-being, but also the quality of education and student achievement. Coping strategies can effectively improve teachers' emotional health. The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between teachers' emotional health and stress coping. The sample consisted of 385 teachers from Lithuania, with an average age of 50.2 (±9.62) years and 24.9 (±11.8) years of school experience. The WHO-5, the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6), the Spanish Burnout Inventory, Educational Version (SBI-Ed) and the Coping Strategies Scale were used in the study. The study results show that teachers' age, seniority, size of residence, and marital status do not affect their emotional health, but their financial situation and hobbies have a positive impact on enthusiasm. Effective coping strategies such as problem solving, exercise, and hobbies improve emotional well-being, whereas negative coping methods such as self-isolation and alcohol consumption lead to psychological distress and lower enthusiasm at work.

Factor Structure and Measurement Invariance of the Spanish Burnout Inventory Among Professionals Across 17 Countries and Regions

Studies on the prevalence of burnout in professionals in service organizations who work in direct contact with the clients or users of the organization have concluded that burnout is a serious health disorder that has increased due to the COVID-19 pandemic. A significant advantage of the Spanish Burnout Inventory (SBI) over other instruments is that it provides a broader conceptualization of burnout by including feelings of guilt as a dimension of burnout to explain its development. However, the measurement invariance of the SBI across countries has not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to test the measurement invariance of the SBI among professionals across 17 countries and regions in Europe, Latin America, and Asia, and in different languages. All the countries showed a good fit to the four-factor model, except the Indian sample, which was excluded from the measurement invariance study. Using the alignment method, it was possible to verify the scalar measurement invariance of the four SBI factors across 15 countries and one Spanish region (16 samples). The comparison of estimated latent means indicates that France is the country with the lowest scores on the Enthusiasm factor and the highest scores on the negative factors (Exhaustion, Indolence, and Guilt). In contrast, the Andean countries, Colombia, Peru, and Ecuador, show the highest latent means on the Enthusiasm factor and the lowest means on the negative factors. These results support the validity of the SBI in the countries and regions in Europe and Latin America included in this study.

Emotional Intelligence, Psychological Well-Being and Burnout of Active and In-Training Teachers.

The main activating variables of psychological well-being and Emotional Intelligence that influence teachers include the process of evaluating well-being, their motivation, and their ability to perceive and regulate sources of stress and burnout. The relationship and influence of psychological well-being and emotional intelligence was analyzed with the adequate regulation of burnout. Those who participated included 386 active teachers (55%), and teachers in training (45%), studying for degrees in Pre-School and Primary Education, and Master’s degrees in Secondary Education Teacher Training of which 71.5% were women. The following were used: Psychological Well-Being Scales, Trait Meta-Mood Scale and the Spanish Burnout Inventory. Pearson’s correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were performed. The results showed that enthusiasm for the teaching job is related to psychological well-being, especially domain of the environment and personal growth. Multiple regression analysis made it possible to establish a predictive model of well-being, showing that psychological well-being is the main adjustment predictor and/or the mismatch in the work of the teaching staff in both samples, through an adequate regulation of positive relationships, mastery of their environment and having a purpose in life.

Violence against public school teachers and burnout.

School expansion, changes in the educational model and funding problems have profoundly changed teaching in Brazil, intensifying demands on teachers. Health problems such as burnout are common in the profession. We investigated teacher burnout and its association with occupational factors, including violence. Data were collected using in-depth interviews and two specific instruments (the Maslach Burnout Inventory and Spanish Burnout Inventory). Statistical analysis was performed using Stata, version 13.0. Ninety-three teachers referred to psychotherapy from public schools in different regions of the city of São Paulo participated in the study. Burnout was associated with 11 school setting variables, including having suffered violence in the school (p <0.001), discomfort with interpersonal contact at work (p <0.001) and noise (p <0.001). Sixty percent of the teachers with severe burnout had suffered violence at school in the last year. Both collective and occupational issues were associated with teacher burnout. Among these, interpersonal conflict and violence, which appears as a new and common problem, adversely affect the health of these professionals.

The Mediator Role of Feelings of Guilt in the Process of Burnout and Psychosomatic Disorders: A Cross-Cultural Study.

Burnout was recently declared by WHO as an “occupational phenomenon” in the International Classification of Diseases 11th revision (ICD-11), recognizing burnout as a serious health issue. Earlier studies have shown that feelings of guilt appear to be involved in the burnout process. However, the exact nature of the relationships among burnout, guilt and psychosomatic disorders remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediator role of feelings of guilt in the relationship between burnout and psychosomatic disorders, and perform a cross-cultural validation of the multi-dimensional model by Gil-Monte in two samples of teachers (Portuguese vs. Spanish). The study sample was composed of 1,266 teachers, 1,062 from Spain, and 204 from Portugal. Burnout was measured by the Spanish Burnout Inventory. Hypotheses were tested together in a path model. The results obtained provide empirical evidence for the mediator role of guilt in the relationship between the Burnout syndrome and psychosomatic disorders in the sample of teachers from Spain and Portugal, and they contribute to the empirical validation of the model by Gil-Monte. The results indicate that guilt should be incorporated as a symptom of burnout in order to identify individuals affected by burnout and profiles or types of burnout to differentiate it from other pathologies like depression.

Prevalence of Burnout Syndrome in Physical Education Teachers

The objective was to verify the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome (BS) in Physical Education teachers from state schools in the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte/MG. This is a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, its sample consisted of 47 teachers, being active in schools in the urban area, having at least 1 year of teaching in their current school. For data collection we used two instruments: a sociodemographic and labor questionnaire and the "Spanish Burnout Inventory", educational version (SBI-Ed). After analyzing the studies, it is clear that this was the first time that SBI was used in this professional class in Brazil. The results showed that the Physical Education teachers of the sample had Burnout, being 12.77% with the BS Profile 1 and 6.38% having the Profile 2. As initial results obtained from this sample demonstrates the need for longitudinal and epidemiological studies on this thematic, with a larger number of participants, to understand the possible consequences of people who have BS over the years; seen as a syndrome with several stages and processes for its prevalence.

Validity and reliability of the SBI (Spanish Burnout Inventory) in medical surgical specialists

Introduction. Burnout Syndrome is the term used to describe the psychological response to patient care-related chronic work stress. Studies have found that the prevalence of practitioner burnout in Colombia ranges between 17.6% and 45%. Given the importance of this phenomenon in our setting, we decided to carry out a validation and reliability study of the Spanish Burnout Inventory (SBI). Objective. To assess the validity and reliability of the SBI in medical surgical specialists working in fourteen health care facilities in Antioquia (Colombia) in 2018. Methods. The study was conducted in 14 healthcare institutions among 8 surgical specialties. The tool consists of 20 items collected by means of face-to-face interviews under the supervision of a psychologist, and maintaining confidentiality. The psychometric assessment included content validity (CV), construct validity using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and reliability using Cronbach’s Alpha. Results. The study sample consisted of 234 participants. CV of the tool was 0.82. The CFA showed acceptable model fit, with the results of goodness-of-fit being χ2=384.578 (p&lt;0.000; df: 165), RMSEA = 0.075 [90% CI: 0.066 – 0.085], CFI = 0.953, TLI = 0.946 and WRMR = 1.074. The SBI Cronbach’s alpha was 0.79. Conclusion. The SBI showed acceptable CV levels for all the items and domains. The SBI is a valid tool with adequate reliability for use in medical surgical specialists of healthcare institutions in Antioquia-Colombia.

Level of Job Burnout among Midwives Working in Labour Rooms in Barcelona Region: A Cross-Sectional Study.

ABSTRACTBackground: Nowadays, burnout syndrome (BS) symptoms appear to have increased in healthcare workers, specifically midwives, but there are no studies on burnout among midwives in Catalonia. The present study aimed to assess and describe the prevalence of BS in midwives working in labour rooms.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 122 midwives working in 24 maternity hospitals in the Barcelona (region) which were selected using purposive sampling from January to March 2017. Data were collected using two questionnaires (demographic information, job burnout using Spanish Burnout Inventory with 20 items and four subscales). Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 21 and Chi-Square, U Mann-Whitney, and Kruskall-Wallis. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: None of the participants obtained a critical level of BS. 37 (30.33%) participants scored medium burnout and 47 (38.52%) recorded low burnout. Statistically, work stress (P=0.01), marital status (P=0.006), attendance of more than three women per shift (P=0.001), the number of children (P=0.01), parity (P=0.005), health status (P=0.04), and being on sick leave over last year (P=0.04) were significantly correlated with medium-high levels of burnout. Burnout scores were higher in midwives having a life partner and those without childrenConclusion: Following the results, no participant obtained a critical level of BS; about one-third of them scored medium-high burnout. However, specific interventions are suggested to be conducted to maintain the midwives’ motivation and prevent burnout development.

Development of Burnout Syndrome in Non-university Teachers: Influence of Demand and Resource Variables.

Psychosocial risks at work are an important occupational problem since they can have an impact on workers' health, productivity, absenteeism, and company profits. Among their consequences, burnout stands out for its prevalence and associated consequences. This problem is particularly noteworthy in the case of teachers. The aim of the study was to analyze the influence of some psychosocial factors (demand and resource variables) and risks in burnout development, taking into consideration the levels of burnout according to the Spanish Burnout Inventory (SBI). This paper contributes to advancing knowledge on this issue by analyzing the influence of work characteristics and personal characteristics on the progress of burnout. The sample consisted of 8,235 non-university teachers (2,268 men 27.5% and 5,967 women 72.5%), aged 22 to 70 (M = 45.16, SD = 9.18). For this purpose, statistical modeling by logistic regression was used. The results of this study showed that No burnout level was positively related with resources variables and negatively with demand variables. In the Medium-High levels and the higher levels of burnout (i.e., Profile 1 and Profile 2), there is a positive relation with demand variables and a negative one with resource variables. In conclusion, demand variables cause an increase in the burnout levels, influencing positively the movements between the levels of No burnout to Medium-High levels of burnout and Medium-High levels to Profile 1. At the same time, resource variables had a negative influence on burnout. However, the results in the movement between Profile 1 and Profile 2 were not expected. The variable Imbalance had a negative relationship with the movement between Profile 1 to Profile 2, and Social support and Autonomy at work had a positive relationship with this movement. Therefore, when professionals feel higher levels of burnout, lack of imbalance together with social support and autonomy could contribute to increased feelings of guilt and risk of higher burnout.

Influence of Burnout and Feelings of Guilt on Depression and Health in Anesthesiologists.

Background and objective: The WHO has included burnout as an occupational phenomenon in the ICD-11. According to the WHO, burnout is a syndrome conceptualized as resulting from chronic workplace stress that has not been successfully managed. The study aimed to evaluate the influence of feelings of guilt and burnout on health in Polish anesthesiologists. Alcohol and tobacco intake, psychosomatic disorders, and depression were assessed. Methods: The study had a non–randomized cross-sectional character. The sample consisted of 372 Polish anesthesiologists. Burnout was measured by the Spanish burnout inventory. Results: Post hoc analysis for burnout consequences: depression (F(5,366) = 17.51, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.193), psychosomatic disorders (F(5,366) = 13.11, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.152), and tobacco intake (F(5,366) = 6.23, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.078), showed significant differences between burnout with and without the highest levels of feelings of guilt. All the instruments applied were reliable. Conclusions: Depression, psychosomatic disorders, and alcohol and tobacco intake are suspected to be consequences of the highest guilt levels related to burnout, i.e., Profile 2 according to the burnout model of Gil-Monte. Participation in prevention programs is recommended for these cases.

Burnout Syndrome in Police Officers and Its Relationship with Physical and Leisure Activities.

No previous studies in Mexico have been found that jointly analyze physical and leisure activities as variables related to mental health in police officers. This paper presents research on burnout in Mexican Police officers. The question it answers is: is there any association of burnout with physical and leisure activities and personal profile? A total of 276 police officers (87% men and 13% women) participated. To obtain information, the Spanish Burnout Inventory and the Operational Police Stress questionnaires were used. A cross sectional study design was utilized with tests of validity and reliability, goodness of fit, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and analysis of k-means clusters. Results showed that a high number of policemen had high prevalence of burnout and a high level of mental exhaustion, and that exercise was positively and significantly related to lower burnout risk. Men showed higher risk than women. Results should be considered to improve interventions and occupational health practices in the police force. This paper improves understanding of burnout among policemen and the importance of exercise and leisure activities to alleviate burnout.

Burnout and Stress Measurement in Police Officers: Literature Review and a Study With the Operational Police Stress Questionnaire.

Research has demonstrated that policing is a stressful occupation and that this stress has a negative impact on police officers’ mental and physical health, performance, and interactions with citizens. Mental health at the workplace has become a concern due to the costs of depression, anxiety, burnout, and even suicide, which is high among police officers. To ameliorate occupational health, it is therefore crucial to identify stress and burnout levels on a regular basis. However, the instruments frequently used to measure stress have not valorized the specificity of policing tasks. This study aims to: (i) conduct a literature review to identify questionnaires used to assess occupational stress and burnout among police officers; (ii) analyze the psychometric characteristics of a Portuguese version of Operational Police Stress Questionnaire (PSQ-Op); and, using the PSQ-Op and other questionnaires, (iii) to identify operational stress, burnout, and distress levels among Portuguese police officers. The literature review identified 108 studies which use a multiplicity of questionnaires to measure burnout or occupational stress among police officers, but few studies use specific police stress questionnaires. Sample sizes were mostly below 500 participants and studies were mainly developed in the last decade in the USA and Brazil, but also in another 24 countries, showing the extent of the interest in this topic. This study applied to 2057 police officers from the National Portuguese Police, a force policing urban centers, and used the PSQ-Op, as well the Spanish Burnout Inventory and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale. The results show that the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of PSQ-Op are adequate. Factorial analysis revealed two dimensions defined as social and work issues, which were associated with measures of distress and burnout. Fit indices suggested a second-order solution called operational police stress. Overall, and considering the scale range of each questionnaire, the results showed moderate values of operational stress, distress, and burnout. However, considering their cut-off points, 85% of the sample presented high operational stress levels, 11% critical values for burnout, and 28% high distress levels, with 55% of the sample at risk of a psychological disorder. These results reinforce the need to prevent stress and to invest in police officers’ occupational health.

Burnout Syndrome in Public Servants: Prevalence and association with Occupational Stressors

Abstract The objectives of this study were to identify the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome (BS) and the predictive power of occupational stressors for its dimensions - Enthusiasm toward the job (inverse), Psychological Exhaustion, Indolence and Guilt. This study assessed a random sample of 538 public servants from a State Court of Justice (RS/Brazil) who answered the Spanish Burnout Inventory, a sociodemographic questionnaire, a work-related questionnaire and and occupational stressors questionnaire. The prevalence identified was 6.5% for Profile 1 BS (Enthusiasm toward the job - inverse, Psychological Exhaustion, Indolence) and 4.4% for Profile 2 BS (Enthusiasm toward the job - inverse, Psychological Exhaustion, Indolence, Guilt). Stressors that predicted Burnout Syndrome were work content, work organization, type of public served, social environment of work, physical conditions of the workplace, work hours, workload, relationship with heads, and relationship with colleagues. Results suggest a need for intervention in occupational stressors present in work organization.

Prevalence and predictors of Burnout Syndrome among public elementary school teachers

Burnout é um fenómeno psicossocial, expressão de várias crises e desorientação na sociedade, o que tem submetido muitos setores laborais a grande tensão ao longo dos anos. A profissão docente está exposta, no contexto laboral atual, a uma grande quantidade de fatores de estresse psicossocial que, se persistentes, podem levar ao Burnout. O objetivo desse estudo transversal foi identificar a prevalência e os preditores da Síndrome de Burnout (SB) em uma amostra aleatória de 679 professores brasileiros de 37 escolas públicas de ensino básico. Os instrumentos foram o Spanish Burnout Inventory, a Bateria de Riscos Psicossociais e um questionário com variáveis sociodemográficas e laborais. Foi identificada uma prevalência de 7,5% para o Perfil 1 de SB e 18,3% para o Perfil 2 de SB. Os resultados indicaram como preditores das dimensões de Burnout as variáveis autonomia, conflito de papel, ambiguidade de papel, sobrecarga, suporte social e conflitos interpessoais. Os resultados demonstram modelos preditores das dimensões de Burnout compostos de riscos psicossociais derivados do tipo de atividade e dos riscos interpessoais, destacando as variáveis suporte social e sobrecarga, presentes em todas as dimensões. São apresentadas sugestões para estudos futuros e implicações para a prática.

Work Environment and Burnout in Primary Care Health Workers: the mediating role of Social Well-Being

Research with primary care health workers doesn’t take in consideration well-being as a strategy for health prevention and health promotion in the workplace. This study aimed to evaluate how social well-being mediates the relationship between the occurrence of aggressive behaviors and psychosocial risks at work in the development of Burnout Syn-drome in 248 primary healthcare workers of Porto Alegre, Brazil. The instruments used for data collection were: sociodemographic questionnaire, the Brazilian Criterion of Economic Classification, a questionnaire about work perception in primary healthcare, the Psycho-social Risks at Work scales, the Healthcare-worker’s Aggressive Behavior Scale-Users, the “Spanish Burnout Inventory”, and the Social Well-Being Scale. Results show that Social Well-Being is a protective significant mediator between the occurrence of healthcare us-er’s aggressive-behaviors and psychosocial work risks in Burnout development. Further psychosocial interventions based on these findings are needed to promote health in this population.

Relación entre los estilos de Liderazgo Transformacional y Laissez-faire y el Síndrome de Quemarse por el Trabajo en profesores de educación secundaria

Introducción: los objetivos del estudio fueron los siguientes: (1) analizar la influencia de los estilos de Liderazgo Transformacional (LT) y Laissez-faire (LLF) sobre el Síndrome de Quemarse por el Trabajo (SQT); (2) evaluar la influencia de las dimensiones de LT (Carisma o Influencia idealizada, Inspiración, Estimulación intelectual y Consideración individualizada) sobre las dimensiones de SQT Perfil 1 (Ilusión por el trabajo, Desgaste psíquico e Indolencia).Material y métodos: la muestra estuvo formada por 211 profesores portugueses de educación secundaria (28.9% hombres y 71.1% mujeres). LT (Carisma o Influencia idealizada, Inspiración, Estimulación intelectual y Consideración individualizada) y LLF fueron evaluados mediante una versión reducida de la Escala Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ). Por su parte, el Perfil 1 de SQT (Ilusión por el trabajo, Desgaste psíquico e Indolencia) se evaluó mediante el Cuestionario para la Evaluación del Síndrome de Quemarse por el Trabajo (CESQT) en su versión para profesionales del sector educativo.Resultados: el análisis realizado permitió obtener los siguientes resultados: (1) influencia significativa y negativa entre LT y SQT globales; (2) influencia significativa y positiva entre LT e Ilusión por el trabajo; (3) influencia significativa y negativa entre Inspiración y SQT global; (4) influencia significativa y positiva entre Consideración individualizada e Ilusión por el trabajo.Discusión: en base a los resultados obtenidos se recomienda el impulso en los centros docentes de educación secundaria de políticas de recursos humanos orientadas a la formación de líderes transformacionales, como factor determinante en la mejora de los niveles de salud ocupacional, eficacia y rendimiento organizacional.