Organization Of Space Research Articles

Youth organizations in the political space of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia)

Today, more than 22 thousand youth movements and organizations are actively functioning in Russia, which indicates a high level of interest of young people in public affairs and active participation in the life of the country. Youth organizations play an important role in shaping the civic position of young people, but their development and influence on political processes, especially in the regional context, remain insufficiently studied. This creates a need for a deeper understanding of their functions and capabilities. The Sakha Republic (Yakutia) is a unique region with a rich culture and diversity of ethnic groups, which adds complexity to the analysis of youth policy. The main goal of this article is to identify the role of youth organizations in the political life of this region, based on their classification and functioning. The classification of youth organizations can include various types: from cultural and educational to political and social, which allows for a clearer understanding of their impact on society. To achieve these goals, we have identified several tasks. First, it is necessary to study modern youth organizations operating in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). This includes an analysis of their structure, goals and objectives, as well as methods of work. Secondly, it is important to identify the development prospects of these organizations and their influence on the political life of the region. This may include both participation in elections and influence on the formation of public opinion. In the course of the study, we applied various theoretical methods, such as induction, analysis of the available material on youth policy and synthesis of the obtained data. This allowed us to more deeply understand how youth organizations can become catalysts for change in the political sphere, as well as how they can contribute to the involvement of young people in an active civic position.

Biodiversity spatial distribution of benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages is influenced by anthropogenic disturbances at multiple spatial extents.

Understanding the patterns and mechanisms of biodiversity and its organization in space is essential for developing effective conservation strategies. Zeta diversity is an index of how taxa are shared by several sites, providing information on how ecological filters, including anthropogenic disturbances, influence biodiversity distribution. This study documents how anthropogenic disturbances at multiple spatial extents affect the spatial variation of benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages in lotic ecosystems. To test the relation between zeta diversity and anthropogenic disturbances, we used three disturbance metrics. (a) For in-stream disturbances, we used the percentage of fine sediment in the substrate (PCT_FN). (b) For local/riparian disturbances, we used the Local Disturbance Index (LDI). (c) For catchment disturbances we used the Catchment Disturbance Index (CDI). Our results showed that differing anthropogenic disturbances were differently important for spatial biodiversity variation in benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages. Relatively rarer taxa were usually more susceptible to in-stream and local/riparian-scale disturbances or local environmental filters. On the other hand, relatively common taxa were usually more related to catchment-scale disturbances or landscape resistance to dispersal. These results indicate that conservation efforts to maintain headwater ecosystem biodiversity must incorporate multiple spatial extents because relatively rare and relatively common taxa appear to be affected to different degrees by different anthropogenic disturbances at different spatial extents.

Assembleia de Abrantes Headquarters Building by Raul Lino

The Assembleia de Abrantes building, designed in 1923 and intended as the headquarters of a recreational and cultural club, was one of the first and most relevant projects of Raul Lino (1879-1974) in that city. The building was classified in 2014. This paper proposes the study and interpretation of its main architectural and construction features, in order to understand whether there is a correlation between the Casa Portuguesa programme advocated by Raul Lino and the programme of this building designed to house a local club. The methodology that guided this study focused on the analysis of primary and secondary sources (drawings, written architectural documentation, correspondence between the client and the architect, books and other written publications), photographic and geometric surveys and their graphic recording. Existing architectural documents were analysed. The study was also based on Lino’s theoretical reflections on the function and materiality of Portuguese dwellings, published between 1918 and 1933. It can be concluded that there is a correlation between the Casa Portuguesa programme and that of this building, relating to the internal organization of spaces and construction systems. This work enabled the identification and aggregation of project documents dispersed across two documentary funds. The results obtained contribute to the documentation of preliminary studies for future construction work on the Assembleia de Abrantes Headquarters building. This work aims to make an additional contribution to the interpretation and understanding of Raul Lino's architectural work, focusing on the construction perspective.

Approximating spatial distance through Confront networks: application to the segmentation of medieval Avignon

Abstract In historical studies, the older the sources, the more common it is to have access to data that are only partial, and/or unreliable or imprecise. This can make it difficult, or even impossible, to perform certain tasks of interest, such as the segmentation of some urban space based on the location of its constituting elements. Indeed, traditional approaches to tackle this specific task require knowing the position of all these elements before clustering them. Yet, alternative information is sometimes available, which can be leveraged to address this challenge. For instance, in the Middle Ages, land registries typically do not provide exact addresses, but rather locate spatial objects relative to each other, e.g. x being to the North of y. Spatial graphs are particularly adapted to model such spatial relationships, called confronts, which is why we propose their use over standard tabular databases. However, historical data are rich and allow extracting confront networks in many ways, making the process non-trivial. In this article, we propose several extraction methods and compare them to identify the most appropriate. We postulate that the best candidate must constitute an optimal trade-off between covering as much of the original data as possible, and providing the best graph-based approximation of spatial distance. Leveraging a dataset that describes Avignon during its papal period, we show empirically that the best results require ignoring some of the information present in the original historical sources, and that including additional information from secondary sources significantly improves the confront network. We illustrate the relevance of our method by partitioning the best graph that we extracted, and discussing its community structure in terms of urban space organization, from a historical perspective. Our data and source code are both publicly available online.

Toponyms as a way of organizing artistic space in the novel by Georgy Venus "Finches in Armor"

Georgy Davydovich Venus is a Russian Soviet writer whose name has been little studied by literary scholars, but his prose continues to be of great interest. The author's works were published during his lifetime and continued to be published after his rehabilitation. The experience of participating in two wars, World War I and the Civil War, and life in exile form the basis of Georgy Venus's prose work. The center of his epic work are the novels: "War and People" (1925), "Steel Helmet" (1927), "Finns in Armor" (1928), they make up a kind of trilogy. The writer perceives the First World War and the Civil War as a tragedy for the country and all of humanity.The architecture of Georgy Venus's novel "Finns in Armor" is very complex. An important aspect of the composition is the technique of montage, which transfers the heroes and readers to places of military action, to the deep rear, to Petrograd, to the remote provinces. The novel has a very weak connection to historical time, geographical space, the context of a certain era, and details acquire great weight in it. An important role in the organization of the novel's artistic space is played by toponyms, which have a special meaning in the work. We turn to such detailing of the artistic space due to the toponyms found in the novel. The events taking place in the rear unfold in many locations: in Syzran, in Buzuluk, in the Volyn province, in Petrograd. In the article, we turn to the space of the novel through the concept of "vertical context", namely, to the "social and historical context", which in turn allows us to reveal the atmosphere, the spirit of the era reflected in the work.

Tolstoy's time. Review of the issue of the 4th scientific collection "Alexey Tolstoy: dialogues with time" (Moscow: IMLI RAS, 2024) and volume 1 of the Complete Works of A.N. Tolstoy (Moscow: IMLI RAS, 2024)

The article is a review of the publications: Alexey Tolstoy: dialogues with time. Issue 4 / ed. by G.N. Vorontsovа; comp. by A.S. Akimovа (Moscow: IMLI RAS, 2024) and Tolstoy A.N. Complete works. Works of art: in 13 volumes (Moscow: IMLI RAS, 2024). These publications, on the one hand, summarize the results of the extensive research work of the past decades, and on the other hand, set tasks and outline prospects for future research. In the first of the collections, the most fundamental studies are presented byA.M. Gracheva, who raised the question of the originality of the author's position in the Russian realistic novel of the 1910s and O.V. Bystrova, who analyzed the peculiarities of the organization of artistic space in the novel "Aelita". The scientific research of I.N. Tolstoy and E.D. Tolstoy, as well as the section of the collection devoted to the novel "Peter the Great", are also interesting. Separately, the review analyzes the "Samara line" of the collection, which often acts as a "code" in it. Of great importance for Tolstoy's science is the publication of the first volume of the Complete Works of the writer, representing Tolstoy in a broader biographical, socio-cultural, historical and literary contexts, which meets the requirements of today.

Types of organization of communicative management space in the context of the implementation of national projects: regional cross-section

. This article continues a series of studies on the organization of communicative space in the management of regions. The effectiveness of the implementation of certain management decisions may depend on many factors, including a qualitatively built dialogue between interested parties of social management representing the interests of various categories of citizens. The article presents the results of a search study on the identification of types of the communicative management space’ organization in the context of the implementation of national projects in regions with different levels of socio-cultural modernization. The main task was to determine the levels of constructive (balanced) and destructive (inconsistent) interaction between the subjects of three levels – managerial, resource and basic. With the help of secondary conceptualization of data from a mass survey of the population and mass expert surveys conducted in 12 regions of Russian Federation, it was possible to identify typical signs of organized communication between particular subjects in each of the studied areas by analyzing the opinion of experts. The validity of this group of respondents is confirmed by the presence of experience in management practice, education and professional competence. The authors studied the relations between the subjects of management (regional authorities, local self-government, business communities, public organizations, scientific organizations and the population) in each region. There were constructed the types of the communicative management space’ organization of the region by assessing the similarities and differences of communication connections: 1) balanced constructive, 2) with elements of mismatch, 3) inconsistent (unbalanced, destructive). During the analysis, it was revealed that assessment of the interaction of management subjects is related to the assessment of the management style in the region, the agreement with the managerial style of the regional authorities among representatives of the expert community is associated with an assessment of the nature of the constructiveness of relations between regional authorities and the population.

Evolution of Interdisciplinary Settings in the Study of the Structure of Rational Activity

Introduction. The article is devoted to the philosophical analysis of the development of the instrumental structure of rational activity, taking into account the dynamics of the relationship between person and machine in the context of the intensification of industrial production in the second half of the 20th century and the transformations of subjective interactions in the digital environment. The authors consider rational activity in its specifically human function of a meaningful and transformative attitude to the life world, which is correlated in the social aspect with the instrumental support of productive labor.Methodology and sources. The study of the structure of activity is carried out within the framework of a systematic approach using the historical-genetic method in the description of the conceptual development of ergonomics, which marked the beginning of an interdisciplinary synthesis in the development of knowledge about the structure of rational activity on the basis of an anthropological attitude in the design of modern technologies. The cognitive perspective of the system approach to the analysis of the structure of rational activity makes it possible to combine in a single concept a wide range of factors that motivate and regulate the individual abilities of a person as a real subject of action in combination with information databases and specific conditions that include them in the cognitive network of cognition and social interactions.Results and discussion. The interdisciplinary attitudes of engineering psychology, the problem of the subject in the organization of an interactive digital space of rational activity are considered. The characteristics of the machine-centric and anthropocentric paradigms of designing human-machine interactions are presented. The transition to interdisciplinary attitudes of human ecology, taking into account the basic importance of the environment in these interactions, as well as to the attitudes of digital ecology in the design of the sphere of virtual interactions, is highlighted.Conclusion. The study of cognitive attitudes in the development of ergonomics shows the origins of the interdisciplinary approach to the analysis of the structure of rational activity and its increasing relevance due to the need to conceptualize engineering knowledge, taking into account the sociotechnical, human-dimensional nature of modern innovative projects in all spheres of activity.

Towards the Institutions of Freedom: The European Public Discourse in the Digital Era

Abstract The digital revolution has transformed the dissemination of messages and the construction of public debate. This article examines the disintermediation and fragmentation of the public sphere by digital platforms. Disinformation campaigns, that aim at assuming the power of determining a truth alternative to reality, highlight the need to enhance the traditional view of freedom of expression as negative freedom with an institutional perspective. The paper argues that freedom of expression should be seen as an institution of freedom, an organizational space leading to a normative theory of public discourse. This theory legitimizes democratic systems and requires proactive regulation to enforce its values. Viewing freedom of expression as an institution changes the role of public power: this should not be limited to abstention but instead has a positive obligation to regulate the spaces where communicative interactions occur. The article discusses how this regulatory need led to the European adoption of the Digital Services Act (DSA) to correct DPs through procedural constraints. Despite some criticisms, the DSA establishes a foundation for a transnational European public discourse aligned with the Charter of Fundamental Rights and member states’ constitutional traditions.

Vernacular Iranian housing as a sustainable model of functional and aesthetic comfort in contemporary passive dwellings

In the recent years, with global warming and the change in climatic characteristics, buildings and interior arrangements in dry and cold climates, that previously did not have cooling problems, now require built and pre-planned cooling systems as well as heating. On the other hand, the enormous increase in energy consumption and the rapid depletion of energy resources causes concern and anxiety for future generations. In this regard, utilizing natural resources and incorporating sustainable solutions into building design are critical. Vernacular technical systems and design ideas can still be accepted and applied to create sustainable solutions. In this context, design strategies for energy efficiency and provision of physical and spatial comforts could be considered based on traditional architecture. In this study, sustainable building design solutions that have been used in Iran’s vernacular houses, which has four distinct climate zones, aimed to create a paradigm for the general modern passive house designs in the global context. Traditional Iranian residential architecture incorporates architectural features for physical, spatial, and climatic needs, as well as aesthetic comfort for the user. In this manner, user needs and interior space organization in vernacular residential architecture can be considered as a sustainable housing model that meets today’s technology requirements in passive house design.

SER PROFESSORA DE BEBÊS: PERSISTÊNCIAS E PERSPECTIVAS NA FORMAÇÃO INICIAL PARA A DOCÊNCIA

Being a teacher for babies involves appropriate knowledge in the theoretical-pedagogical relationship that shapes the process of professional identity formation. Thus, this article aims to analyze the continuities and perspectives in teaching practice with/for babies through an internship experience documented in a report. The methodology was theoretical-documentary, with the analysis focusing on an internship report as a research instrument, which allows for the examination of the formative movement of teachers in initial training and reveals the learning process for teaching. The compiled data were selected and organized into three categories of analysis: 1) Organization of space in teaching practice with babies; 2) Teaching actions in pedagogical practice with babies; and 3) The formative movement of the students and its implications for and in the constitution of teaching. A careful examination of the scientific writing of the internship report highlighted the persistences that still permeate pedagogical practices with babies and, concurrently, inspired possibilities to reflect on educational actions more conducive to learning and child development. We conclude that it is crucial to invest in initial training, with studies and immersion in professional practice through supervised curricular internships, as a means to equip teachers for the specificity of early childhood education. Moreover, the ongoing training of teachers needs to be an object of investment in a consistent, longitudinal and rigorous formative process, that dialogues with historical-cultural conception of early childhood education, childhood, and teaching aligned with the theoretical-practical framework already established in area.

Women Harmonizing Sustainability Practices for a Circular Bioeconomy: Can They Transform from Within Organizations?

AbstractThis paper is situated within the framework of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and addresses how women in organizational spaces with strongly values-driven practices can contribute to a more sustainable development in the implementation of a Circular Bioeconomy. Companies aligned with this model have a special responsibility to orient their practices towards comprehensive and fair sustainability if they want to align themselves with the policy frameworks of ecological transition. The article asks whether there is a harmonization of the environmental and social dimensions of practices in companies aligned with the circular bioeconomy and how the participation of women in management positions (in this case, white women, college-educated and non-disabled women) can promote transformative organizational change. Based on the theories of CSR practices, critical feminist perspectives, and social practices theory, a comparative ethnographic approach is used, applying a multi-method (participant observation, interviews, and documents) and multi-site analysis with four companies. The study extends the empirical evidence aimed at favoring the adoption of integrated sustainable practices in organizations. Future research could investigate broader intersectional dynamics to provide more detail on the heterogeneity of the experiences and practices of women or feminist actors and their influence on organizations.

Organization of the Sacred Space in Eastern Rupchos, Middle Rhodope Mountains (Locus and Regional Models)

The sacralization of the space is a sine qua non for Bulgarian folk culture. This paper analyzes sacred places in the region of Eastern Rupchos in the Rhodope Mountains. The author views the vertical organization of the sacred space in this region as archaic and dating from the period before the Ottoman invasion in the Bulgarian lands at the end of the 14th century. It is hypothesized that this vertical organization of the sacred space has been preserved for a long period (up until the 20th century) in this region due to the well-developed cult of the Sun in the Rhodopes that could be traced back to the beginning of the first millennium BC.

An Experimental Approach to Minoan Larnakes: Exploring Craft Spaces for Production of Large Ceramic Vessels

ABSTRACT This article aims to explore craft spaces associated with the production of Minoan larnakes. Larnakes are large clay coffins, used mainly on Crete from the beginning to the end of the Minoan Bronze Age (ca. 2650–1050 BCE). Scholars have long given attention to larnakes for their iconographical richness. However, previous research has neglected the context of production and modes of distribution of these artifacts. This study investigates the spatial organization of craft spaces for larnax production, using an experiment conducted in collaboration with traditional potters, and compares the results with the ethnographic and archaeological record. The study offers new insights on the organization of larnax production and the production of large vessels in general, by formulating criteria to identify workshops related to the manufacture of large vessels. Examining the relationship between vessel size and craft spaces offers a better understanding of the organization of this pottery craft in Minoan Crete.

Improved Generalizability in Medical Computer Vision: Hyperbolic Deep Learning in Multi-Modality Neuroimaging.

Deep learning has shown significant value in automating radiological diagnostics but can be limited by a lack of generalizability to external datasets. Leveraging the geometric principles of non-Euclidean space, certain geometric deep learning approaches may offer an alternative means of improving model generalizability. This study investigates the potential advantages of hyperbolic convolutional neural networks (HCNNs) over traditional convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in neuroimaging tasks. We conducted a comparative analysis of HCNNs and CNNs across various medical imaging modalities and diseases, with a focus on a compiled multi-modality neuroimaging dataset. The models were assessed for their performance parity, robustness to adversarial attacks, semantic organization of embedding spaces, and generalizability. Zero-shot evaluations were also performed with ischemic stroke non-contrast CT images. HCNNs matched CNNs' performance in less complex settings and demonstrated superior semantic organization and robustness to adversarial attacks. While HCNNs equaled CNNs in out-of-sample datasets identifying Alzheimer's disease, in zero-shot evaluations, HCNNs outperformed CNNs and radiologists. HCNNs deliver enhanced robustness and organization in neuroimaging data. This likely underlies why, while HCNNs perform similarly to CNNs with respect to in-sample tasks, they confer improved generalizability. Nevertheless, HCNNs encounter efficiency and performance challenges with larger, complex datasets. These limitations underline the need for further optimization of HCNN architectures. HCNNs present promising improvements in generalizability and resilience for medical imaging applications, particularly in neuroimaging. Despite facing challenges with larger datasets, HCNNs enhance performance under adversarial conditions and offer better semantic organization, suggesting valuable potential in generalizable deep learning models in medical imaging and neuroimaging diagnostics.

Movements and Views. Some Observations on the Organization of Space in Roman Domestic Architecture from the Late Republic to Early Medieval Times

The atrium and the central peristyle house are two basic types in Roman domestic architecture. They can be followed from the sixth/fifth centuries BC to the fifth/sixth centuries AD, the second type overlapping the first in the early Imperial period. In both types of houses two recurring and related ordering principles in the organization of spaces can be observed: movement patterns and visual axes. While the use of the visual, or “deep-view” axis appears to be modified over the centuries in relation to the manipulation of social self-advertisement performed by the elite, the architecturally conditioned movement patterns appear to remain constant.

Creativity and Early Childhood Education: studies and research in Italian ECEC contexts

Promoting creativity in early childhood education does not only mean encouraging the development of an important capacity for present and future life, but also implies recognizing and assigning value to each child's subjectivity, giving space and attention to his ideas, his judgments and his original processes of learning. In this sense, thinking, promoting and making creativity visible constitutes, from a collaborative and participatory research perspective, three significant keywords of interrelated research areas that allow to study the theme of education to creativity in early childhood. Thinking about creativity refers to the importance of exploring both the ideas of creativity suggested in academic literature, which widen or reduce the definition of such concept through nuances and connotations, and the opinions and representations of teachers and educators. Promoting creativity refers to the examination of more strictly operative aspects, both in terms of the organization of space, materials, time settings and groups, and in terms of the teacher’s role in facilitating and supporting the development of creative processes. Making creativity visible, finally, is about examining the creative processes of children. In this case, it’s about documenting and analysing systematically how children can be creative in different situations and which are the manifestations of their creative thinking.

Microvilli control the morphogenesis of the tectorial membrane extracellular matrix.

The apical extracellular matrix (aECM), organized by polarized epithelial cells, exhibits complex structures. The tectorial membrane (TM), an aECM in the cochlea mediating auditory transduction, exhibits highly ordered domain-specific architecture. α-Tectorin (TECTA), a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored ECM protein, is essential for TM organization. Here, we identified that α-tectorin is released by distinct modes: proteolytic shedding by TMPRSS2 and GPI-anchor-dependent release from the microvillus tip in mice. In the medial/limbal domain, proteolytically shed α-tectorin forms dense fibers. In contrast, in the lateral/body domain, where supporting cells exhibit dense microvilli, shedding restricts α-tectorin to the microvillus tip, compartmentalizing collagen-binding sites. Tip-localized α-tectorin is released in a GPI-anchor-dependentmanner to form collagen-crosslinking fibers, maintaining the spacing and parallel organization of collagen fibrils. Overall, these distinct release modes of α-tectorin determine domain-specific organization,with the microvillus coordinating release modes along its membrane to assemble the higher-orderECM architecture.

A dream deferred: race, space and urban representation in the films of Steve James

ABSTRACT Mass media representations of the American inner city in the postindustrial period have simultaneously disseminated and reinforced a stigmatising vision of black urban life. In film, the overproduction of criminal and racialised images mystified the source and nature of the social and economic problems faced in America’s hypersegregated urban cores. These images cleaved to conservative definitions of the black urban ‘underclass’ and presented the distresses of the inner city as largely self-inflicted and irredeemable. This article considers the treatment of black urban life in postindustrial Chicago in the films of documentarian Steve James. It argues that James’ films, beginning with the commercially successful Hoop Dreams (1994), presented an alternative, and ultimately progressive, vision of black city life by carefully depicting the racially unequal organisation of urban space. It also explores how the director’s portrayal of endurance and survival in the face of urban inequity helped subvert sweeping and oversimplified narratives of the postindustrial city.

Proper name in a normative scientific text

INTRODUCTION. The ability of a proper name to reflect both subject information and multifaceted background information puts it on a par with the main carrier of scientific knowledge – a term. In the study of linguistic expression of knowledge, the question of the role and place of onomastic vocabulary in the content of school education becomes relevant. The purpose of the study is to analyze the qualitative composition, quantitative parameters and nature of the relationship of proper names in the structure of existing educational texts, which will allow us to formulate requirements for the organization of the onomastic content of newly created texts.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The research material was an array of proper names extracted by the method of continuous sampling from the texts of textbooks and programs on all subjects of general secondary education in the late 1980s – early 2000s. When processing the obtained material, presented in the Database format, analytical, comparative, field methods, elements of the statistical method were used. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. The total number and composition of onomastic units in educational texts were determined, the frequency and prevalence rates of these units were established, the core and peripheral components of this onomastic space were distinguished, the ratio of recurring and single onyms was revealed, their role in expressing subject knowledge was characterized, and the conditions for the optimal organization of educational onomastic space were formulated.CONCLUSION. The obtained data provide an idea of the volume and nature of the onomastic fragment of the generally binding scientific knowledge reflected in the normative scientific texts of the analyzed era. These results create the basis for the implementation of a systematic approach to the organization of onomastic vocabulary within the framework of normative scientific texts. Comparison of the obtained data with data from other time periods will allow us to determine the onomastic invariant and variable elements in different time concepts of the composition of basic onomastic knowledge.