Southeast Rajasthan Research Articles

Ethnomedicine of Mukundaras (S. E. Rajasthan)-Plant Remedies Used in Guinea Worm (Naaru) Disease

The communication deals with enumeration of plant species used by tribals and rural people residing in the vicinity of Mukundara ranges, Jhalawar district (S.E. Rajasthan), as hebral medicine for Guinea worm (Naaru) disease. This disease is very common in tribal and rural areas of South East Rajasthan, and is communicated through contaminated water. The 12 plant species, along with their plant parts used are - Arisaema tortuosum (Tuber), Aristolochia bracteolata (Root), Blumea lacera (leaf), Calotropis procera (Root), Cleome viscosa (leaf), Ferula asafoetida (Oleoresin Root), Hemiadelphis polyspermus (Root), Piper betel (leaf), Psoralea corylifolia (Seed), Pueraria tuberosa (Root), and Ricunus communis(Root). Enumeration contains, Plant's name, Family, Local name, Voucher specimen and Phenology along with brief notes on preparation of plant drug, the plant part used, amount and periodicity of dosage given.Brief notes on causal organism Dracunculus medinensis (Guinea worm) also given along with etiology, symptoms and mode of infection.

Additions to the Flora of Udaipur District (South-East Rajasthan)

In the present work, the writers have made thorough study on the flora of zinc-deposit areas in the district of Udaipur. It records 73 species of dicots and 7 of monocots excluding grasses, new to this area. Several plant species are confined to the ore dumps of zinc around old mine workings. Among the notable zinc accumulators are Impatiens balsamina and Melhania futteyporensis.

Evaluation of Okra Varieties under Sub-humid Plains of South-East Rajasthan for Morphological and Phenological Traits

Vegetable crop okra is well known for its Indian vegetable export and household consumption, contribution and thus should be explored for cultivation under various agro climatic zones. Enhanced production of this crop is only possible via improved and high yielding cultivars in comparison to other cultivars grown at same time or under same condition. Hadoti region of South-East Rajasthan, can serve a okra production in better way if the productive varieties can be screened for this region, which is lacking till date. Hence an experiment is made to recommend a variety, which performs better under South-East climatic conditions of Rajasthan. The present study was conducted in the summer season during 2022 and 2023 at the Instructional Farm, Department of Horticulture, School of Agricultural Sciences, Career Point University, Kota, Rajasthan. 12 varieties of okra viz. Parbhani Kranti, Parbhani Bhindi, Arka Anamika, Shahiba, Shan, No. 55, Harita, Jhilmil, No. 64, Sonal, Shakti, and Punjab Selection were evaluated in Randomized Block Design, with three replication. Analysis of variance revealed that all varieties differed significantly for all the traits. The results concluded that, variation for earliness, growth, yield and quality parameters as well. These results showed presence of significant varietal effect. However, the present study demonstrated the superiority of Arka Anamika over other varieties in terms of maximum mean plant height (89.07 cm), number of leaves per plant (25.64), number of branches per plant (13.88), leaf length (19.03 cm), leaf width (25.32 cm) and leaf area (250.04 cm2) while minimum mean days taken to flowering opening to fruit picking (5.51 DAS) and days taken to first picking (47.16 DAS) was recorded in variety Punjab Selection under soil and climatic condition of Hadoti region of Rajasthan.

Assessment of Different Okra Varieties for Yield, Quality and, Economical Feasibility Cultivated in the Hadoti Region of South-East Rajasthan, India

The study focuses on the cultivation of okra, a prominent Indian vegetable with significance in both export and family consumption. Emphasizing the potential for increased okra production through the selection of high-yielding varieties, the research specifically targets the Hadoti region, aiming to identify varieties suitable for its agro-climatic conditions. The lack of such screening in the region prompted the study. The trial was conducted during the summer of 2022 and 2023 at the Instructional Farm of Career Point University, Kota, Rajasthan and the research evaluated 12 okra varieties using a randomized block design with three replications. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among all varieties for various traits, including yield, quality and economical feasibility. The study underscores the presence of a substantial varietal effect, offering insights into optimizing okra cultivation in the Southeast climatic conditions of Rajasthan's Hadoti region. The results showed the presence of a significant varietal effect. However, the present study demonstrated the superiority of Punjab Selection variety over other varieties in terms of maximum mean fruit length (13.07 cm), fruit diameter (3.77 cm) and fruit weight (15.56 g), minimum mean titratable acidity (0.22%), maximum TSS (3.18 °B), ascorbic acid (19.64 mg/100g) and mucilage content (0.91%), maximum mean fruit yield per plant (0.53 kg), fruit yield per plot (11.68 kg) and fruit yield per hectare (124.30 q). However, the net return of Rs. 248575 Rs./ha and 249325 Rs./ha along with benefit-cost ratio 5.02 and 5.05 in 2022 and 2023 respectively was also obtained from okra variety Punjab Selection.

Edible Potential of Forest Trees Produces of South-East Rajasthan

South-east Rajasthan is rich in vegetation point of view. The present study was taken up to evaluate the edible potentiality of the common forest trees of south-east Rajasthan. Mostly trees of the area are deciduous in nature. Many of the wild forests tree products are edible and highly nutritious. Total seventeen wild trees are identified and described as the source of food in the present study. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the wealth of natural food resources from wild forest trees of the area.

Rainfall Variability Estimation for South-East Rajasthan in India

The present research investigation was undertaken to work out the rainfall variability analysis of southeast districts of Rajasthan. The coefficient of variation and standard deviation for weekly, monthly and annual rainfall were also computed for all the districts. The normal onset of monsoon over different southeast districts of Rajasthan is between June to October. It was found that the annual rainfall is higher at Banswara district followed by Pratapgarh and Jhalawar. The mean annual rainfall is lowest at Bundi. When the variance for the annual rainfall was examined, it was found be the least at Kota followed by Bundi, Pratapgarh and Dungarpur it was the highest.

Present Status of Series Apocarpae in Haroti Region, South-East Rajasthan

Present Status of Series Apocarpae in Haroti Region, South-East Rajasthan

CLINICAL PROFILE OF ISCHEMIC STROKE AND ITS OUTCOME IN RELATION TO GLYCEMIC STATUS ON PRESENTATION AT A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

Background: Stroke, also known as a cerebrovascular accident, is common in patients and can be a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Stroke and hyperglycemia appear to be linked in two ways. Diabetics are known to have a greater stroke rate than non-diabetics. Even in non-diabetics, a mild degree of hyperglycemia early in a stroke has been reported to increase infarct size and lead to a bad prognosis. Aim: To study the clinical prole, infarct size on CT scan, and clinical outcome of cerebral infraction in relation to glycemic status at presentation. Material and Methodology: This prospective observational study was conducted in the medicine department of Jhalawar Medical College, Jhalawar, a tertiary care center in south-east Rajasthan, from January 2020 to June 2021. The study included all ischemic stroke patients. Data were analyzed in SPSS 21. Independent t-tests and Chi-square tests were applied. A p value of < 0.05 was considered statistically signicant. Results: The current study revealed that out of 100 participants, 39 were euglycemic, 27 had stress hyperglycemia, and 34 had diabetes; a small, medium, or large infarct was present in 39, 27, and 34 patients, respectively. Diabetes patients had a statistically signicant high NIHSS score, blood sugar level, and deaths, followed by stress hyperglycemia, and euglycemic patients had the lowest. Conclusion: Hyperglycemia, including stress hyperglycemia and diabetes, was a common nding in patients with ischemic stroke, and NIHSS, blood sugar, and death were associated with hyperglycemia in ischemic stroke patients.

Weed Management in Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi L.) at Farmer’s Fields in South East Rajasthan

The field experiments were conducted during kharif (July–October) seasons of 2014–15 and 2015–16 at KVK, Rajsamand, Rajasthan and farmers’ field with objective to explore and test other alternative and economical methods of weed control. On-farm Trial, technology option Oxadiargyl applied 50 g a.i. ha-1 applied as early post emergence at 20 DAS proved the best over farmers’ practice as well over recommended practice of 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1 pendimethalin pre-emergence in terms of growth and yield attributing characters viz., plant height, primary and secondary branches, number of umbels, number of umbellets umbel-1, number of seeds umbel-1 and remained statistically at par with weed free treatment. Weed indices namely weed count, weed dry weight, weed index and weed control efficiency were statistically significant by oxadiargyl applied 50 g a.i. ha-1 as early post emergence at 20 DAS and pre-emergence application of pendimethalin 1.00 kg a.i. ha-1 pendimethalin over farmer’s practice. Lower WI and higher WCE was observed by oxadiargyl applied 50 g a.i. ha-1 followed by pendimethalin 1.00 kg a.i ha-1. Grain and starw yield recorded in weed free plot was statistically at par with yield obtained by application of oxadiargyl 50 g a.i. ha-1. Net returns and B:C were also high in refined technology option i.e. of 50 g a.i. ha-1 oxazdiargyl (` 127570 ha-1 and 4.77) over recommended practice of 1.0 kg a.i ha-1 pendimethalin pre-emergence (` 107930 ha-1 and 4.19) and farmers’ practice (` 75930 ha-1 and 3.49).

Pattern of Illness in Prisoners Admitted in a Tertiary Care Hospital of South Eastern Rajasthan

The delivery of health care among prisoners is one of the most important aspects of improving human rights compliance. Estimating common healthcare problems in prisoners will be helpful in assessing their health status and recommending the rectifying steps. Therefore, knowing the types of morbidities will help us in making health policies which will be helpful in reducing the health burden in prisoners and will also help in reintegration of prisoners into mainstream society. The present study is a retrospective analysis to find out the common medical conditions in prisoners. The study was carried out by collecting data of 500 admitted prisoner in a tertiary care institute in south-east Rajasthan. The majority (95.2%) of referred prisoners were male, from age group of 30-39 years, mean age of prisoners being 39.6 years and the majority (90%) were referred from Central Jail, Kota. The majority (53.2%) of prisoners were admitted to medicine department followed by psychiatry department (26.4%). A higher prevalence of anemia and pulmonary tuberculosis was reported among prisoners. Surgical illness related to infectious etiology and poor personal hygiene was common in prisoners. Psychosis not specified (17%), schizophrenia (8%), mixed anxiety depressive disorder (8%) and substance use disorders (16%) were common psychiatric conditions. Mean duration of hospitalization was 9 days.

Study on the Hydrogeochemical Processes Regulating the Groundwater Chemistry in the Southeast Rajasthan

ABSTRACT The current study is focused on evaluation of hydrogeochemical aspects of groundwater for analysis of groundwater chemistry and quality assessment in the south east Rajasthan (India). A total of 50 groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for the assessment of major cations and anions, total dissolved solid (TDS), electrical conductance (EC), total hardness (TH) and total alkalinity (TA), and the results were compared with the WHO standards of drinking water. The results have demonstrated that the groundwater is alkaline in nature and in most of the groundwater samples the quantity of TH, TDS, EC, TA and NO3- is exceeded to the WHO standards. Additionally, alkali metal ions are mainly contributed from the dissolution of halite and silicate weathering processes, whereas the alkaline earth metal ions from the carbonate dissolution and silicate weathering processes. The saturation indices (SI) values show that the groundwater in the study area is oversaturated in terms of dolomite, calcite and argonite while undersaturated in gypsum. Hydrogeochemically the groundwater is Ca.Mg-HCO3, Ca.Mg-Cl and Ca.Mg-SO4 types. Moreover, it is mixed type with reference to cations and anions. The ionic plots, molar ionic ratios, CAI, SI and Gibb’s diagram have revealed that the chemical weathering of rock minerals, reverse ion exchange and anthropogenic activities are the key processes, regulating the chemical composition of ground water in the study area.

Hesitancy versus acceptability: An observational study for acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine among parents and guardians of children under 17 years age in South East Rajasthan

Background: Vaccination against COVID-19 is necessary to reach herd immunity and essential for mitigating the spread. To establish herd immunity, the immunity generated by natural infection or vaccination must prevent onward transmission, not just clinical disease. However, several studies have shown that achieving herd immunity through natural infection might be difficult. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study is to enquire about parental acceptability for COVID-19 vaccination for their children, factors affecting acceptability, perceptions for pediatric COVID-19 vaccines. Materials and Methods: We conducted an online questionnaire survey in mode of Google form which was distributed through social media platforms to parents/guardians of children below 17 years of age in months of November and December 2021. The questionnaire had various sections: Socio demographic characteristics, family members and medical history, COVID-19-related history, attitudes toward COVID-19, attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines, and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination for their children. Results: The most of the parents (71.77%) were ready to vaccinate their child. Graduated parents were showing maximum acceptance. Variables related to maximum vaccine acceptance include English medium of education, higher income, COVID-19-positive member in family, vaccinated parents/guardians, and vigilant parents/guardians about child COVID vaccination. In case of side effects, 68.05% of responders agreed to follow the professional advice of personal doctor/vaccinator. About 35% of respondents want government to roll out vaccination in a phased manner. About 69% responders are in favor of making hospitals and schools as COVID-19 vaccination center for children. Conclusion: The study found high multifactorial acceptability for pediatric COVID-19 vaccination which should be rolled out in phased manner.

Pattern of clinical presentation, lab findings and mortality risk among patients of dengue fever admitted in pediatric intensive care unit in a tertiary care centre in South-east Rajasthan

Background: India is one of the 7 identified countries in south-east Asia region regularly reporting dengue fever outbreaks. Dengue can present with varying degrees of severity of illness in Indian children, present study is aimed at studying the clinical presentation lab findings and mortality risk among patients of dengue fever admitted in PICU in a tertiary care centre in South-east Rajasthan. Methods: It is a retrospective observational study. All dengue seropositive patients admitted in PICU from August 2021 to October 2021 were included in the study. Patients were classified based on National Vector Borne Disease Control Program (NVBDCP). Clinical presentation laboratory findings and mortality risk among patient were studied. esults: Out of 61 patients with dengue, 28(46%) were males and 33(54%) were females. Fever was present in 100% cases followed by GI symptoms vomiting(54.1%), pain abdomen(52.5%) and bleeding manifestations(26.2%) were common presenting complaints. On examination common findings were conjunctival congestion (57%) , hepatomegaly (44%) and flushing (26%). Among complications hypotension/shock (51%) was the commonest followed by hemorrhage (31%), pleural effusion and hepatitis each 21%. Most common bleeding manifestation was melena (19%). Most common affected age group was between10-15 years (42.6%).

Pregnancy Outcomes among Adolescent Tribal Women: Insights from South-East Rajasthan, India

Background: Adolescent pregnancy has been common in India and it hosts to several health consequences to the mothers and children. A detailed investigation of the prevalence and consequences of adolescent pregnancy is required.
 Objective: This study, thus, examines the association of pregnancy outcomes among adolescent women with various socio-cultural, economic and demographic backgrounds.
 Material & Methods: This study is based on primary data collected from ever married tribal women of south-eastern districts of Rajasthan, India. The birth outcomes of first order pregnancy have been considered to highlight the adolescent pregnancy. Analyses have been done by employing SPSS 16.0.
 Results: 9.7 percent of the total pregnancies conceived ever by the all respondents and 15.4 percent of total first order pregnancies have been reported to have terminated into non-live births. Women who experienced their first pregnancy at age 20 and above are 3.889 times (p<0.01) more likely tohave live birth outcome than to women of 16 years. Meena women are 1.95 times (p<0.05) more likely to experience live pregnancy outcome than counterpart Bhil women. Women belonging to rich wealth index are significantly 4 times (p<0.01) more likely to give live births.
 Conclusion: results demonstrate that considerable share of pregnancies among adolescent women turn into miscarriages and this prevalence is more likely among young, rural, uneducated and poor women than their counterpart women. Hence, it is an urgent need to enhance the awareness and improve the socio-economic conditions of tribal women for better health outcomes of mothers and children.

Evaluation of GST Impact on the Manufacturing Organizations in South-East Rajasthan

This is a study that evaluated the the impact of Goods and Services Tax (GST) on the manufacturing organizations in Kota region of Soutb-East Rajasthan. Thus, the research problem is that the organization faced many problems while the implementation of GST. It has been found that manufacturing organizations are benefited by the GST. Most of the organizations initially faces problems in adopting GST but by the time they understood it and found it very smooth and easy taxation system. The out of the two options of GST, composition scheme was adopted by some manufacturer only. Most of the manufacturing organizations are micro/small in size and most of them are located in Kota city in south east region of Rajasthan.

Effect of plant growth regulators and fertigation on nutrients uptake and soil fertility of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) in vertisols of South-East Rajasthan

In this study, the experiment was laid out in Factorial Randomized Block Design and treatment combinations consisting of plant growth regulators levels (Naphthalene acetic acid 0, 50 and 100 ppm and ethrel 0, 150 and 250 ppm) and fertigation levels (0, 75 and 100% recommended dose of fertilizers). Maximum mean electric conductivity (0.356 dS/m), soil nitrogen (298.30 kg/ha), soil phosphorus (49.29 kg/ha), soil potassium (417.47 kg/ha), soil organic carbon (0.370%) and water holding capacity (46.17%) was noticed under 100 per cent recommended dose of fertilizers through fertigation. However, interaction effects were found to be better to their individual effects and showed that interaction of 100 ppm NAA + 150 ppm ethrel + 100 per cent RDF through fertigation (N2E1F2) significantly improve the physico-chemical properties of soil. Similarly, among the different interaction effects, maximum mean leaf nitrogen (2.086%, 2.163% and 1.901%), leaf phosphorus (0.203%, 0.246% and 0.186%) and leaf potassium (1.857%, 1.969% and 1.654%) was recorded in treatment N2E1F2 at 60, 120 and 180 days after treatment, respectively. Our results suggest that spray of plant growth regulators at pre flowering and post flowering stage and application of fertigation in four equal split dose from 1 July to 1 October was a better measure to improve physico-chemical properties of soil as well as nutrient content of plant. Our research provides scientific basis for the technology in interaction of soil and plant nutrients.

Pattern of dermatoses in the elderly population attending the dermatology clinic at a Tertiary Care Center in South-East Rajasthan

Pattern of dermatoses in the elderly population attending the dermatology clinic at a Tertiary Care Center in South-East Rajasthan

Endangered Medicinal Plants Used in Traditional Herbal Medicines in The South-East Rajasthan (Hadoti Region)

The present study was carried out to gather information about Ethno-botanical knowledge of tribal people and ethnic races those are residing in forests of south-east Rajasthan since ages. A large number of wild and cultivated plants are being used by them to treat various ailments due to limited access to modern health care services. The study was carried out in an unexplored remote tribal area of South east region of Rajasthan to investigate and document the existing ethno-medicinal knowledge on local flora which is rich and diversified in important medicinal plants.. The ethno-medicinal knowledge in the study area is gradually heading towards extinction because the old age community members being the main bearer of this knowledge are passing away and younger generation is not interested to take it. Herbal practitioners in the area have sufficient traditional knowledge, but mostly, they are reluctant to disclose it to other community members. Hence, the current study was planned with the objectives to record the traditional knowledge of study area mainly pertaining to endangered Ethno-medicinal plants of the proposed area of study. The study was conducted through direct interviews with 35 Herbal practitioners and 240 informants from the study area. Data was collected through semi-structured questionnaires from the community members and local herbal. We presented thirty most used species by ancestral healers of Hadoti to cure different ailments and their medicinal uses. This study also provide details regarding Habitat, Mode of transfer, Abundance Status, Effect and popularity and Cultivation practices (status of plant)of selected 30 plants.

Provenance of the Sawa Formation Sandstones, Vindhyan Super Group, Southeast Rajasthan, India

Integrated petrographical and geochemical analysis of Sawa Formation sandstones was analyzed to reconstruct their source area weathering, paleoclimate, tectonic setting and provenance conditions. Petrographically, quartz is dominant detrital mineral followed by feldspar, mica, rock fragments and heavy minerals. Sawa Formation sandstones have been classified as quartzarenite with subordinate sub-arkose and sub-litharenite type. Major oxide element abundances revealed the sandstones have high SiO2 concentration, high K2O/ Na2O ratio, which is consistent with the petrographic data. These sandstones were derived mainly from stable cratonic with minor collision suture and fold thrust belt source and deposited in rifted continental margin basin setting, reflecting high maturity of sediments and high stability of the source area. The CIA, CIW and PIA values of these sandstones indicate high intensity of weathering condition in the source area under warm and humid climate.

Assessment of Land Use Land Cover Change Detection Using Geospatial Techniques in Southeast Rajasthan

Change analysis acquires effective information in the form of maps and statistical data which becomes the central component in spatial planning, monitoring environmental changes, management and utilization of land. The present study makes an attempt to assess the changes in land use land cover using multi-temporal satellite data in south-east Rajasthan. These maps were derived from geocoded dia-positive False Color Composites (FCC’s) of IRS 1991, 2001, 2010 & 2018 using Arc GIS platform. The present study demonstrates the extension, approach and result of change analysis which might be helpful for decision making and sustainable growth. The landscape has been divided into 12 categories. Mining and its associated features were increased whereas forest and open scrub cover shows decreasing trend during the study period. The former increased by 23.82 km2 while the later shrunk by 26.08 km2. Most significant changes are also witnessed in settlement and industrial areas which shows increment by 8.8 km2 and 1.33 km2. Stone quarrying has destroyed arable land, natural vegetation cover, topsoil, subsoil and consequently the soil profile of the area. On the other hand cultivated land is increasing due to the conversion of uncultivated land and scrub cover with facilitation of irrigation and modern agricultural activities under different government schemes. The study shows that the area of 184.88 km2 has undergone significant spatial and temporal changes during the study period.