CLINICAL PROFILE OF ISCHEMIC STROKE AND ITS OUTCOME IN RELATION TO GLYCEMIC STATUS ON PRESENTATION AT A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

Abstract

Background: Stroke, also known as a cerebrovascular accident, is common in patients and can be a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Stroke and hyperglycemia appear to be linked in two ways. Diabetics are known to have a greater stroke rate than non-diabetics. Even in non-diabetics, a mild degree of hyperglycemia early in a stroke has been reported to increase infarct size and lead to a bad prognosis. Aim: To study the clinical prole, infarct size on CT scan, and clinical outcome of cerebral infraction in relation to glycemic status at presentation. Material and Methodology: This prospective observational study was conducted in the medicine department of Jhalawar Medical College, Jhalawar, a tertiary care center in south-east Rajasthan, from January 2020 to June 2021. The study included all ischemic stroke patients. Data were analyzed in SPSS 21. Independent t-tests and Chi-square tests were applied. A p value of < 0.05 was considered statistically signicant. Results: The current study revealed that out of 100 participants, 39 were euglycemic, 27 had stress hyperglycemia, and 34 had diabetes; a small, medium, or large infarct was present in 39, 27, and 34 patients, respectively. Diabetes patients had a statistically signicant high NIHSS score, blood sugar level, and deaths, followed by stress hyperglycemia, and euglycemic patients had the lowest. Conclusion: Hyperglycemia, including stress hyperglycemia and diabetes, was a common nding in patients with ischemic stroke, and NIHSS, blood sugar, and death were associated with hyperglycemia in ischemic stroke patients.