Source Of Entrepreneurship Research Articles

Curculigo Species: A Wide Spectrum Research Review

Tropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, and the Americas are rich with Curculigo species belongs to family Hypoxidaceae. There are six species are reported of Curculigo, out of which, Curculigo orchioides (Gaertn.), is the most popular medicinally used species and commonly known as ‘kali musali’. Curculigo rhizome has been used for management for different ailments including for impotency, joint pain related problems, and diarrhoea in Chinese medicine and also used as a powerful immune-modulator with aphrodisiac property in the old traditional medical system. Present review covers the various aspects of Curculigo genus such as cultivation, phytochemical, pharmacognosy and biotechnological. After reviewing the medicinal value of Curculigo species, it can be concluded that the plant having tremendous potential for wide spectrum management of enormous diseases. The bioactive compound can be isolated and characterized for giving a model system for development of new drug hence this review will be useful for new drug discovery. The molecular aspect of the review will be helpful to identify the genuine plant material, which will be further used for development of novel herbal medicines. The illustration of Biotechnological approaches will be immensely applicable to develop new protocol for micro-propagation of this valuable and extinct plant species. The new and economically feasible technique for curculigoside extraction can be developed after knowing the basic knowledge of phytochemicals of this plant and will be given a source of entrepreneurship and empowerment of tribals. The developed technology for characterization and identification of bioactive principals of Curculigo species, will be useful for herbal based pharma industry, thus this review could be a mean to attain whole picture of Curculigo genus.

Chinese students entrepreneurial career anchors, self-cultivation and the role of in-group collectivist values and gender: a conservation of resources perspective

ABSTRACT Using Conservation of Resources theory (COR) as our conceptual framework we investigate the relationship between the entrepreneurial career anchor (ECA) and self-cultivation (SC) values of Chinese business students. We additionally examine the moderating role of in-group collectivist values (IGVs) and the interaction of IGVs and gender in this relationship. Based on survey data from 643 undergraduate students attending a university in northern coastal China we found a positive relationship between ECA and SC. We also found that IGVs, in combination with gender as a covariate, moderated this relationship. Our study contributes to the international HRD literature by emphasising prospective graduates as a source of entrepreneurship, and the salience of the ECA in promoting self-cultivation. This is accentuated through IGVs and gender. Our findings have significant implications for international HRD education and the development of prospective graduates.

Innovation in the legal service industry: Examining the roles of human and social capital, and knowledge and technology transfer

Business research has rarely explored service innovation for the traditionally conservative legal industry. Using a resource-based and practice-based view blend as its theoretical backbone we develop an understanding of the parameters underpinning law firm innovation as a facilitator of operations management enhancement and possible source of entrepreneurship. The paper presents a survey answered by 106 legal professionals from 19 countries exploring four thematic areas referring to human capital, social capital, knowledge and technology transfer that were hypothesised to define innovation. Ordered probit regression modelling was used. Evidence is presented that cybersecurity threats, inadequate and limited training on IT, excessive paperwork and lack of efficient teamwork, collaboration and communication are key challenges to innovation adoption, which is a pathway to sustainable, inclusive and resilient firm growth. Firm size and internationalisation are innovation-altering factors; SMEs differ from large global firms in their ability to operate ‘outside-the-box’. Our results recommend that legal enterprises need to adopt innovation as a robust transformation-enabling toolkit that could facilitate a performance-enhancing business ethos.

Responding to COVID-19: Insights from African firms

ABSTRACT The severity of the COVID-19 pandemic is underscored by its systemic distortion of socioeconomic and political agendas around the world. It has disproportionately affected fragile states, and has exposed economies with inefficient safety nets. In this article, we contend that while the uncertainty occasioned by the COVID-19 pandemic has been devastating for many African firms, the situation has also given rise to new entrepreneurial opportunities. We draw on three cases from Africa (one multinational corporation, one start-up, and one informal firm) to outline how the COVID-19 pandemic can also be regarded as a source of entrepreneurship in uncertain times. We conclude by discussing implications for African management practice and research.

The Efforts to Improve Marketing Performance in Small and Medium Industries of Tofu

Small and Medium Industries have become the largest industry in Indonesia that has an important role in the Indonesian economy due to its ability to encourage economic growth and create new sources of entrepreneurship. Small and Medium Industries are expected to be more creative and prepared in marketing strategies to deal with an increasingly complex business environment. This study aims to examine the effect of marketing knowledge competence and entrepreneurial orientation on marketing performance through marketing capabilities. The population in this study was the Small and Medium Industries of Tofu in Magelang City. The number of samples used was 94 respondents. The sampling technique uses saturated samples. The data were analyzed using the method of descriptive analysis, regression analysis, and path analysis using IBM SPSS version 22. The results of the study show that marketing knowledge competency and entrepreneurial orientation have a positive and significant effect on marketing performance. Marketing capability could mediate the influence of marketing knowledge competencies and entrepreneurial orientation on marketing performance. The advice given is that the Small and Medium Industries of Tofu practitioners should innovate more in tofu products, conduct promotions, provide the best service to customers, and be able to maintain the quality of tofu. The next researcher is expected to add references related to marketing knowledge competence and expand the scope of the object.

Internal Relationship and Impact Path Between Innovation and Entrepreneurship: Based on China's High-tech Industry

Innovation is the source of entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship is the value embodiment of innovation, and the two are inseparable. At a time when dividends such as population, reform and opening up, and resources and environment are gradually disappearing, China urgently needs to accelerate scientific and technological innovation to support economic development, incubate scientific and technological enterprises, and ease labor market pressure with technological progress and efficiency improvement. This paper focuses on China’s high-tech industry, which is dominated by scientific and technological innovation. Starting from the overall, local, and regional perspectives, it organically integrates the traditional DEA, similar SFA, Malmquist index decomposition, chain multiple intermediary effect, and other multilevel research through cross-level analysis. Based on the research foundation of innovation efficiency after eliminating environmental and random factors, it deeply discusses the action path and impact mechanism of “double innovation” and provides targeted policy recommendations for the government and relevant local departments. The research confirms that the total effect of innovation on entrepreneurship is always positive, i.e., promoting “people-to-people innovation” is conducive to promoting “mass entrepreneurship” whether it is analyzed from the whole or from the part.

Factors Determining Profi tability of Small and Medium Enterprises in Selected Industry of Mechanical Engineering in the Slovak Republic – the Empirical Study

The profi tability analysis revealing factors infl uencing profi tability becomes a very helpful tool providing guidelines for managers in their short-term as well as strategic decision-making process. To take right decisions, managers need to analyse their fi nancial situation, especially in respect to fi rm´s profi tability and the factors infl uencing it. Mechanical engineering industry belongs to key industries in Slovakia. It apparently plays an essential role in the global economy, it is a source of entrepreneurship, innovations and new jobs. Many of enterprises operating in this industry are small or medium-sized. These are some of the reasons for which SMEs´ profi tability and ways of its improvement should draw particular attention. The paper presents results of research carried out in the selected industry of mechanical engineering of SMEs in Slovakia (SK NACE rev. 2 28xxx – Manufacture of machinery and equipment not elsewhere classifi ed). The aim of the research is to analyse and evaluate the development of profi tability in this industry during the period 2008- 2015 and to identify key external and internal factors infl uencing profi tability of SMEs over that period. In order to determine the infl uence of basic indicators, the DuPont pyramidal analysis was performed. Data obtained by means of the questionnaire survey enabled to identify the factors affecting profi tability whose infl uence is impossible to calculate. The Friedman and Wilcoxon tests were used to evaluate the answers in questionnaires. Results are connected with the evaluation of three hypotheses defi ned in regard of the established goal of the paper.

Strategic plurality in intergenerational hand-over

Purpose With strategy-as-practice theory the authors explore successful business-owning families hand-over of roles to the next generation. The authors argue for the usefulness of strategy-as-practice theory in exploring the complexity and plurality of best practices in intergenerational hand-over. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach A cross-cultural in-depth case study with best practice cases from China, Germany, Sweden, England, Tanzania, Israel and the USA, based on in-depth interviews of family members and non-family employees. Findings The authors identified three different succession patterns: a “monolithic practice,” a distributed leadership hand-over, and active ownership with a non-family managing director/CEO. Two other types of hand-over practices were categorized as incubator patterns that formed a part of, or replaced, what we traditionally see as a hand-over of roles. Families would switch between these practices. Research limitations/implications Surprisingly, a monolithic succession practice (a one-company-one-leadership role) was rarely used. Quantitative and qualitative research should consider, as should advisors to family owners and family businesses, the plurality of succession practices. Education should explore a variation of succession and how the dynamic of gender influences the process. Practical implications Giving practitioners, such as research and practitioner, an overview of strategic options so as to explore these in a client or research case. Social implications Adding the notions that the family is an incubator for new entrepreneurship makes it possible to show how not only sector or public policy generate new ventures. That family as source of entrepreneurship has been well established in the field but it mainstream policy thinking the family is not seen as such a source. Originality/value The paper offers an integrative model of the complexity of hand-over practices of ownership and leadership roles. It shows how these practices are fundamental for understanding how a family’s ownership and their leadership of businesses and new entrepreneurship develops.

Manual de fuentes primarias emprendimiento de rehabilitación: terapia y rehabilitación

Introducción: El lenguaje es la capacidad que posee el ser humano para transmitir ideas, emociones, sentimientos, en su contexto social, pero, para esto, debe existir una maduración neurológica que permita la comprensión de sonidos para luego transformarlos en palabras con significado real. Al no existir malformaciones orgánicas a nivel bucofonoarticulatorio y el lenguaje no se desarrolle acorde a su edad cronológica, es necesaria la intervención del terapeuta del lenguaje quien dentro de sus competencias desarrolla actividades terapéuticas con calidad y calidez, mediante procesos sistemáticos que van desde la entrevista, evaluación, diagnóstico basados en instrumentos reconocidos (en este caso guía Portage, Escala de desarrollo de Denver y Test Teprosif-R) y rehabilitación acorde al déficit del lenguaje del niño. Objetivo: Diseñar un manual de fuentes primarias de emprendimiento de rehabilitación en Terapia Rehabilitación . Material y métodos: investigación cuali-cuantitativa, descriptiva. Resultados: Se diseñó un manual de fuentes primarias: emprendimiento de rehabilitación con optimización de los recursos. De una muestra de 25 niños, de el 24% presentó algún tipo de alteración en su lenguaje. Conclusión: El manual demostró ser efectivo en la rehabilitación del déficit del lenguaje.

The Real Effects of the Financial Crisis on the Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises

Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are a significant source of entrepreneurship, employment and growth of an economy. Policymakers and practitioners were concerned that the decline in bank ...

Bridging Knowledge Resources: The Location Choices of Spinouts

Research summaryThis study develops a framework that links a typology of spinouts with distinct product/market strategies and the characteristics of localization economies to study location choice. Specifically, we examine focal spinouts and user‐industry spinouts entry into generic and market‐specific product categories and localization economies related to the focal industry and to downstream, user industries. We test our hypotheses on a sample of 413 spinouts in the U.S. semiconductor industry from 1997 to 2007. Our findings show that focal spinouts make different location choices than user‐industry spinouts and that such choices are mediated by product strategy at entry. Our results contribute to the literatures on location choice and strategic entrepreneurship.Managerial summaryThis study concerns the location choices of different types of spinouts at the moment of entry. Our study suggests that location may be a key decision for entrepreneurs to increase their exposure to potential knowledge spillovers. Location, therefore, should not be taken as a given in either studies or business plans related to entrepreneurship. Rather, location needs to be treated as a strategic choice to be exercised by new firms as they enter an industry. Our research also underscores the importance of downstream industries both as a source of entrepreneurship and as a source of knowledge. In some cases, localization economies related to downstream industries might offer greater potential to entrants than localization economies related to the focal industry. Copyright © 2016 Strategic Management Society.

Distinguishing Sectoral Innovation Behaviour: A Study of SMEs in India

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are regarded as the main source of entrepreneurship and innovation. These enterprises provide employment to large number of people and contribute significantly to growth and GDP of an economy. In the world economy, knowledge as a determinant of competitive advantage is gradually replacing traditional factors of production like labor and capital. In order to survive and compete in the globalized market, small and medium enterprises need to use knowledge to innovate. In India, small and medium enterprises contribute about 45 percent of the gross turnover in the manufacturing sector and 40 percent of total exports. These small-scale enterprises however lose out to the big enterprises in terms of financial sustainability, range of products, marketing clout, brand and bargaining power. At the same time, it is observed that there are number of small and medium enterprises which are growing and becoming competitive in different sectors. The present study focuses on distinguishing sectoral innovation behavior of small and medium enterprises in India. To be more specific, following issues are examined: How are SMEs in India in selected sectors differ in adopting innovative practices? How they manage their innovation behavior? Extensive literature review includes the concept of innovation, innovation process, management of innovation and overview of innovation in selected sectors. Different government, private associations are approached for data collection. The study is conducted on four sectors: Automotive Component, Textile (Garment manufacturing), Pharmaceutical and Information Technology. The result shows that the enterprises in selected sectors are involved in the improvements depending on the nature of sector, product, cost and demand of that product in the market.

Firm Building and Entrepreneurship in Second-Tier High-Tech Regions

This paper examines how a second-tier high-technology region leveraged corporate assets—mostly from transnational firms—in building a knowledge-based economy. The paper reviews how firm building and entrepreneurship influence the evolution of a peripheral regional economy. Using a case study of Boise, Idaho (the US), the research highlights several important sources of entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurial firm formation is closely linked with a region's ability to grow incubator organizations, particularly innovative firms. These innovative firms provide the training ground for entrepreneurs. Firms, however, differ and the ways in which firm building activities influence regional entrepreneurship depend on firm strategy and organization. Thus, second-tier high-tech regions in the US are taking a different path than their well-known counterparts such as Silicon Valley or Route 128 around Boston.

Skilled Egyptian diaspora as a source of entrepreneurship in Egypt

Entrepreneurship is vital for the economic growth of developing countries like Egypt. However, the country still faces obstacles to entrepreneurial growth, including lack of financing and knowledge; two problems which can be eliminated by targeting the skilled Egyptian diaspora as a source of entrepreneurship. These are Egyptians living outside Egypt but are still emotionally and/or physically connected to it and are willing to contribute to its development. This research aims at determining the degree of interest of Egyptian diaspora members in undertaking entrepreneurial ventures in Egypt, as well as identifying the obstacles to and incentive for these efforts. This is conducted through an online survey on a sample of 384 skilled Egyptian permanent and temporary emigrants. While many expressed interest, bureaucracy, lack of transparency and market conditions remained as obstacles. On the other hand, market potential, availability of cheap manpower and lifestyle encourage diaspora entrepreneurship. In order to capitalise on the stored wealth of knowledge and resources of Egyptian diaspora abroad, a focused diaspora entrepreneurship mobilisation strategy must be developed to improve linkages with skilled Egyptians abroad, solve their perceived problems, and provide them with specifically tailored investment incentives.

Entrepreneurship and innovation in financial institutions

Entrepreneurs are a major source of innovation (Schumpeter 1942, Ahuja et al. 2008) and established firms are a major source of entrepreneurship (Hellmann 2007). For example, the semiconductor indu...

Beyond the concept of human and social capital: the impact of the regional environment on high-tech venturing

Emerging industries, like the information and communication technology (ICT), have become a major source of entrepreneurship and job generation. Most literature focuses on human and social capital approaches to explain the emergence of high-tech entrepreneurship, but little attention is given to the effect of the regional environment on new firm formation. The main objective of this study is to fill in this gap and compares the impact of human and social capital in a region with other supply and demand side factors. Another objective is to advance the knowledge of a very heterogeneous ICT sector. For this purpose, the three main divisions are analysed separately (high-tech industries; computer and telecommunication services; other knowledge intensive services). Supply and demand side factors are analysed and significant differences between the three subdivisions revealed. Our study is a longitudinal empirical analysis that covers all 84,535 newly created ICT firms between 1993 and 2001 in the 348 labour markets of France. Human capital and proximity effects are the main factors for the two service subdivisions. High-tech entrepreneurship in the industry shows a different pattern underlining the importance of industry specific environments (R&D facilities, diversified industry structure) drawing little competitive advantage from human capital variables. In all three subdivisions, proximity effects (localisation economies including dimensions of social capital like network opportunities and interaction) are the most important regional factor for ICT entrepreneurs.

The inner entrepreneur: A constructivistic view of entrepreneurial reality construction

Taking a constructivistic perspective on entrepreneurship will give more comprehensive understandings of the entrepreneurial process. While there is no best answer to entrepreneurship, this article highlights the importance of factoring in the inner conditions of the entrepreneur to understand the phenomenon of entrepreneurship better. Entrepreneurs act on the basis of personalized understandings and emotions, and it is argued herein that the source of entrepreneurship is the inner conditions of the individual entrepreneur, and his/her constructed realities and identity.

Technological regimes and sources of entrepreneurship

This paper concerns the technological determinants of entrepreneurial behaviour. By applying a typology of technological regimes, which describes the nature of the technological environment in which firms operate, this paper examines the sources and obstacles to entrepreneurial entry related to the process of technical change. Two major points are suggested. First, innovation in technologies of high or increasing opportunities is not always associated with entrepreneurial behaviour, but can enhance the competitive advantage of existing firms. Second, opportunities for entrepreneurship are shaped by the nature of knowledge underlying different technologies. These points are illustrated using U.S. patent statistics classified by technical field and sector of firm's principal product activity. Different combinations of sources of technological entry barriers and technological opportunity are identified in science-based technologies, chemical technologies, core technologies in complex systems, product-engineering technologies and process-engineering technologies. This paper argues that such a characterisation of the dynamics of knowledge accumulation is important for interpreting the variety of dynamics of industrial competition.

Occupational mobility from the view point of entrepreneurship: The Nagalarid experience

To perform the major entrepreneurial tasks, the entrepreneur must be innovative and capable of managing risk and uncertaintity. Entrepreneurial outcomes are desirable for the growth of a society. The sociologists concern to trace the source of entrepreneurship and understand the social process through which the entrepreneurship emerges in a society are discussed here in the context of Nagaland.

What Creates an Entrepreneur? Some Observations from a Micro Study

Much has been written about the role of entrepreneurship development programmes (EDPs) in creating a new class of entrepreneurs. Very few studies, however, have tried to scan small enterprises at the local level to look for the possible sources of entrepreneurship, and thus validate and establish the claims made by the supporters of entrepreneurship develop ment training. The author of this paper attempts to fill in the vacuum using observations from a micro level study from the State of Karnataka, India. The author argues that an entrepreneur's practical experience in or exposure to entrepreneurial activities is important for the success of small ventures.