Sore Eyes Research Articles

Hearing and vision rehabilitation for people with dementia in five European countries (SENSE-Cog): a randomised controlled trial

The effect of hearing and vision difficulties on the risk of developing dementia and worsening outcomes in people already living with dementia is well established. We evaluated the clinical impact of a hearing and vision rehabilitation and support programme on quality of life in people with mild-to-moderate dementia and concurrent sensory difficulties. We conducted a parallel-group, multicentre, observer-blind, superiority randomised controlled trial in seven older adult clinics in five European countries (Cyprus, France, Greece, Ireland, and the UK). People with mild-to-moderate dementia with adult-acquired hearing difficulties, vision difficulties, or both were randomly assigned (1:1) along with their care partner to an 18-week home-basedsensory support intervention (SSI) of tailored hearing and vision rehabilitation and support, or to care as usual. Randomisation was blocked (block size of four, six, or eight) and stratified by country, with allocation assigned via a remote web-based system. The SSI included: full hearing assessment, vision assessment, or both; fitting of hearing aids, glasses, or other sensory aids; and home-based support from a sensory support therapist to assist adherence and uptake of sensory aids, foster social networking, and optimise the home sensory environment. Care as usual involved no additional intervention beyond services normally available to people with dementia at the respective sites. The primary outcome was health-related quality of life (Dementia Quality of Life Instrument [DEMQoL]) score at 36weeks, reported as an adjusted mean difference. Analyses were done according to the intention-to-treat principle. This trial is registered with the ISRCTN Registry, ISRCTN17056211. Between May 4, 2018, and May 6, 2021, 252people with mild-to-moderate dementia were randomly assigned, of whom 251 (n=126in the SSI group and n=125in the care as usual group) were included in the analysis. The mean age of participants was 79·6years (SD 5·8), and 132 (53%) were women. After a median follow-up time of 37·7weeks (IQR 36·2-39·0), the mean DEMQoL score was 92·8 (SD 15·2) in the SSI group and 92·8 (14·0) in the care as usual group (adjusted difference 0·18, 95% CI -2·13to 2·30, p=0·87). Among 114adverse events reported for 56 (44%) participants in the SSI group, ten events in nine participants were related or possibly related to the intervention (medical device pain or discomfort n=6, ear pain n=1, scratch to the ear n=1, sore eye n=1, redness n=1; all of grade 1). Serious adverse events were reported for 25 (20%) participants in the SSI group and 16 (13%) in the care as usual group. Six (5%) participants in the SSI group and five (4%) in the care as usual group died. None of the serious adverse events or deaths were related to the study intervention or procedures. This study showed no improvement in quality in life in participants who received the intervention in thelonger term. Sensory difficulties are common in people with dementia and interventions aimed at improving sensory-cognitive health should be explored further. EU Horizon2020.

Phytochemical Analysis and Anti‐inflammatory Potential of Floscopa Scandens Lour. and Exploring Ecdysterone as Promising Therapeutic Agent: An HR‐LCMS Screening and Molecular Docking Analysis

AbstractThis study delved into the exploration of bioactive constituent profiling of Floscopa scandens Lour. by using HRLC‐MS. The plant is well‐known as a folklore herb. It is extensively utilized in traditional medicine to address various ailments such as fractures, sore eyes, fevers, abscesses, pyoderma, and acute nephritis. This study aimed to explore the phytochemical composition of F. scandens and assess the anti‐inflammatory activity of the ecdysterone marker compound by molecular docking studies followed by MD simulations. Extracts were prepared using hexane, chloroform, and methanol solvents. Chromatographic techniques were applied to isolate compounds from the methanol extract, which underwent phytochemical screening via HR‐LCMS. Functional groups were assessed using NMR and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), confirming the presence of bioactive compounds. HR‐LCMS analysis identified 21 phytoconstituents in the methanolic fraction, with ecdysterone being a prominent component characterized through spectroscopic techniques. Our findings confirm known molecules while unveiling new bioactive constituents, particularly highlighting the potential of ecdysterone as a novel chemical entity. Molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation analysis further show the anti‐inflammatory properties of ecdysterone with various enzymes in the body.

Quality of Life and Symptomatology in Neuropathic Corneal Pain in Comparison With Dry Eye Syndrome.

To investigate and compare the quality of life (QoL) and symptomatology between neuropathic corneal pain (NCP) and dry eye disease (DED). We recruited 150 patients, comprising 50 patients with NCP and 100 patients with DED. Patients' symptoms and QoL were evaluated using the Ocular Pain Assessment Survey and Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaires. Ocular surface assessments were also performed. Patients with NCP demonstrated significantly lower Oxford and National Eye Institute scores for ocular surface and corneal staining, respectively, and a better tear break-up time than patients with DED. However, patients with NCP reported significantly worse scores on most of the Ocular Pain Assessment Survey questions and significantly more severe overall pain (P = 0.019), maximal and average ocular pain and nonocular pain (all P < 0.05). The NCP group reported significantly worse QoL in all aspects of daily living (all P < 0.001). Patients with NCP spent more time thinking about their eye pain and reported significantly higher pain intensities than patients with DED when exposed to chemical and mechanical stimuli (all P ≤ 0.008). Burning sensation and photophobia were significantly more frequent in patients with NCP (P = 0.032 and P = 0.012, respectively). Similarly, the NCP group reported significantly worse total Ocular Surface Disease Index scores, significantly more frequent vision-related function impairment and painful or sore eyes than the DED group (P = 0.029, P = 0.031, and P = 0.014, respectively). Compared with DED, NCP is more debilitating, leading to more severe and frequent symptoms, and greater negative impact on all aspects of QoL.

The Symptomatic Expression in Chinese Patients with Suspected COVID-19 Omicron Variant Infection: A Clinical Case Registry Study

Little systematic research has been conducted into the symptomatic expression of COVID-19 infections in patients. It is known that symptomatic expression varies between patients, but the nature and extent of this variability is poorly understood. This paper elaborates on the symptoms reported by Chinese patients infected with COVID-19 during the Omicron wave, and compares this with available data from other countries. This was an observational clinical case registry study of Chinese patients with suspected Omicron variant COVID-19 infection. Symptoms were prospectively collected via a 171-item questionnaire and entered into the Clificol COVID-19 Clinical Case Registry. Two types of symptoms were distinguished: A) common clinical symptoms as identified by a search of available/published data, and B) homeopathic symptoms, used for the selection of the most suitable homeopathic medicine. Data were mainly analysed descriptively. Additionally, we compared the prevalence of the reported symptoms with available symptom data from the UK and France. Twenty one Chinese practitioners collected questionnaires on 388 cases that received a first homeopathic prescription between 5 December 2021 and 8 April 2022. With respect to A), the most frequently reported clinical symptoms were respectively cough (71%), fever (65%), extreme tiredness (58%), headache (51%), sore throat (46%), runny nose (34%), unusual muscle pains (31%), hoarseness (21%), eye soreness (8%) and brain fog (6%). With respect to B), homeopathic symptoms related to cough and fever were particularly prevalent. This study identified the reported symptoms of Chinese COVID-19 patients with suspected Omicron variant infection. A more detailed understanding of the clinical presentation of COVID-19 variants in different countries is important for the selection of test-triggering symptoms.

Analisis Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja dengan Metode JSA dan HAZOPS

This research was motivated by the problem of work accidents among workshop employees, including exposure to sparks, legs being hit by production items and iron fences, sore eyes and blistered hands. And welding employees do not use PPE when working. The aim of the research is to identify hazards and risks that can cause work accidents in CV. XYZ uses the Job Safety Analysis (JSA) method. Analyzing the level of risk by assessing likelihood (possibility) and consequence (severity) using the Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOPS) method at CV. XYZ. And provide recommendations for improvements to very high and high risk levels. The type of data in this research is primary data. Primary data obtained directly from the field, namely potential hazard data obtained by making direct observations at CV. XYZ. The results of the research have found that workers' attitudes towards work have a high level of risk and potential danger which is then classified into sources of danger that have extreme, high, medium and low risk. The proposed improvements given to overcome these dangers include providing personal protective equipment, conducting safety and health training for workers to get workers who are professional and understand the importance of occupational health and safety.

Simbiosis Pengetahuan: Menelusuri Kombinasi Penyembuhan Islami dan Tradisional dalam Naskah Mujarrabat Jawan

There were various manuscripts spread in the archipelago. Some of the manuscripts are the source of history, literature, and religious principle, and some of them are source of medical healing as ancestral heritage. Actually, the using of traditional healing and medicines at the first is a hereditary tradition transmitted orally from one generation to the next generation. However, this traditional healing is still existed. There are some studies studied about Islam, literature, and local custom manuscripts, but studying on traditional healing and medicines manuscripts is very lack. Even though, some of the traditional healing and medicines still existed in the modern life. By using philological approach and historical approach, this research will conduct the traditional healing and medicine which are found in Mujarrabat Jawan. These approaches will cover the description of traditional healing and medicines in the manuscript and show how it practiced in everyday life. This study shows that there are some common diseases that affect people in the archipelago such as fever, toothache and sore eyes (bḗlḗk). This manuscript shows that traditional medicine is carried out in two ways. First, by using traditional ingredients such as shallots to treat burns. Second, by using Holy Qur’an readings taken from same verses in the Qur’an. This healing can be seen in the healing of toothache by reading surah al-An’am.

Several factors affecting sick building syndrome complaints in construction office workers in Jakarta

Introduction: Sick building syndrome is a condition in which people who live or work inside a building experience sudden health and comfort impacts related to time spent inside the building, in the absence of a specific disease or cause that can be identified. This study aims to determine the picture of the risk of sick building syndrome in office workers and complaints of sick building syndrome. Methods: Data obtained from several respondents through axial sampling. Data collection was carried out by filling out questionnaires related to complaints of sick building syndrome that had been validated and observed. Results: Factors that influence complaints of sick building syndrome in office workers of hospital construction projects in Jakarta are room temperature, room humidity, habits of leaving the room during rest, and odor in the room. And complaints that often arise, including complaints of headaches, fatigue as many as 39 people, sore eyes, and dry cough and dizziness. Conclusion: Work environment factors that include room temperature, room humidity, and odors in the room as well as behavioral factors that include the habit of leaving the room are driving factors for the occurrence of sick building syndrome in office workers of hospital construction projects in Jakarta.

Limitation the use of Laptops when Online Learning Reduce the Eye Fatique of Private Junior High School Students in Denpasar

The emergence of eye fatique in junior high school students during the online learning process is caused by the length of time the eyes stare at the laptop for a long time. In addition, the presence of more sophisticated learning media, the position of the laptop is very important and has a main function in supporting the online learning process. From a preliminary study conducted on 10 students from a private junior high school in Denpasar, it was found that 50% of students experienced complaints of dizziness, 50% glare and 20% sore eyes. With the above background, a study with the same subject design was conducted involving 25 students with an age range of 13-14 years. The study was conducted for 3 consecutive days, namely on Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday by measuring eye fatigue using an eye fatigue questionnaire. The data were analyzed using the t-paired test at a significance level of p = 0.005. After using the laptop was limited according to the radiation exposure time from the appropriate laptop, the eye sight distance to the monitor screen was set 50-100 cm and interspersed with pauses or rest periods then the average eye fatigue in students before the improvement of 22.54 can be reduced to 5.25 or about 71%. Conclusion: From the research, it was concluded that limiting the duration of using laptops during online learning can reduce students' eye fatigue

Effect of yoga ocular exercises on asthenopic symptoms in students with minor refractive errors

ABSTRACT&#x0D; OBJECTIVE:&#x0D; To study the impact of yogic eye exercises on asthenopic symptoms in students. &#x0D; METHOD: &#x0D; This Quasi experimental study involved a data collection proforma that was based on symptoms of eye fatigue and was circulated among the students who had asthenopic symptoms to find out the effect of yoga ocular exercise. Female students of college of ophthalmology &amp; Allied Vision Sciences (COAVS) having asthenopic symptoms were included in study. After informed consent, participants filled the proforma followed by yoga ocular exercises for 6 weeks (5 days per week for 30 minutes). Later on the participants again filled proforma to document the difference in symptoms related to eye strain. After consent a proforma containing 12 questions was given to the participant. Asthenopic symptoms were graded as nil, mild, moderate and severe. Data was then analyzed by calculating the frequencies and percentages of different symptoms before and after exercise.&#x0D; RESULTS:&#x0D; All forty three participants were female. Almost all participants document decrease or absence of asthenopic symptoms after yoga ocular exercises. Most notabley percentage of participants with complete relieving of blurred vision, headache and sore eyes was documented from 8% to 31%, 7% to 27% and 28% to 39%.&#x0D; Conclusion:&#x0D; The results support the use of yoga ocular exercises as a non-pharmacologic and therapeutic approach for alleviating the intensity of eye fatigue and minimizing asthenopic symptoms.

A sight for sore eyes? Attention allocation to obsession-provoking stimuli and stimuli reflecting compulsion completion

A sight for sore eyes? Attention allocation to obsession-provoking stimuli and stimuli reflecting compulsion completion

Multi-symptom Relief with Propylene Glycol-Hydroxypropyl-Guar Nanoemulsion Lubricant Eye Drops in Subjects with Dry Eye Disease: A Post-Marketing Prospective Study.

The study aimed to evaluate multi-symptom relief of dry eye manifestations with the use of propylene glycol-hydroxypropyl-guar (PG-HPG) nanoemulsion lubricant eye drops, among subjects with dry eye disease (DED). This was a post-marketing, prospective, single-arm study conducted in the USA. Subjects aged ≥ 18years, with tear breakup time (TBUT) ≤ 10s for both eyes, dry eye questionnaire-5 (DEQ-5) "watery eyes" symptom score 1-4, symptoms of burning/stinging, sore and tired eyes as determined by impact of dry eye on everyday living-symptom bother (IDEEL-SB) questionnaire, and IDEEL-SB score 16-65 were included. Subjects were required to complete IDEEL-SB and DEQ-5 atdays0, 14 ± 2, and 28 ± 2, and self-administer one drop of PG-HPG four times daily for 28 ± 2days. Primary endpoints were change from baseline at day28 in symptoms of sore, stinging/burning, and tired eyes on IDEEL-SB; and symptom of watery eyes on DEQ-5. Other endpoints evaluated were corneal staining and TBUT at baseline and day28 ± 2; symptom relief (5-point Likert scale) at day28 ± 2, and safety. Of 119 subjects enrolled, 95 completed the study (mean ± SD age 61.2 ± 13.0years; female 69.5%). Mean IDEEL-SB scores reduced significantly from baseline at day28 for symptoms of aching/sore eyes (change from baseline -1.0 ± 1.1), burning/stinging eyes (change from baseline -1.1 ± 0.9), and tired eyes (change from baseline -1.1 ± 1.0) (all p < 0.0001). Mean DEQ-5 score for watery eye symptoms significantly reduced from baseline at day28 (change from baseline -0.9 ± 1.0, p < 0.0001). Corneal staining at day28 was comparable to baseline. TBUT improved from baseline to day28. On a Likert scale, more than 50% of subjects reported relief from symptoms of sore, stinging, and burning eyes. Three (3.1%) subjects reported treatment-emergent adverse events (non-ocular). PG-HPG nanoemulsion lubricant eye drops significantly improved multiple dry eye symptoms in subjects with DED over 28days, with no new safety concerns. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier, NCT05056155.

ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN SMARTPHONE PADA SISWA KELAS XI IPS 3 DI SMA NEGERI 15 MEDAN SUNGGAL

Smartphone is a cellular phone that uses several services such as a screen, microprocessor, memory, and built-in modem. Where the presence of this smartphone provides benefits and convenience to its users, especially for students, various impacts are found both in positive and negative terms from the use of existing smartphones. This research uses descriptive kuantitative research methods because in its implementation it includes data, analysis and interpretation of the meaning of the data obtained. The aim of this research is to find out the number of smartphones used by each student, the intensity of smartphone use among students, the applications used on smartphones, the purpose of students using smartphones and the impact of smartphone use on students. Based on the results of research conducted in class XI IPS 3, all students in the class have personal smartphones, and it is known that the majority of male and female students have a smartphone with a total of one, and there is only one male student who has more than one smartphone in class. XI IPS 3. In Conclusions regarding the intensity of smartphone use of students in this class are in the high user category, namely around 4 hours, the application that students often use is WhatsApp, the purpose of students using smartphones is to search for information and the impact felt by students when playing with smartphones is mostly sore eyes.

FACTORS RELATED TO THE INCIDENCE OF EYE FATIGUE TO COMPUTER EXPOSURE IN WORKERS AT PT. A. W FABER-CASTELL INDONESIA BEKASI IN 2022

The use of computers is useful as a communication tool, facilitating work. Excessive use of computers can cause eye disease, body, or head. Globally, around 45-70 million people spend time watching videos. basic health research in 2018, the proportion of eye injuries caused by an event or accident in the productive age of 15-45 years was 2.6%. As for the type of employee work, eye injuries have a proportion of 0.5 %. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with the incidence of eye fatigue due to computer exposure among workers at PT. AW Faber-Castell Indonesia Bekasi Year 2022. This type of research uses analytic research with a cross-sectional approach with a total sample of 50 workers at PT. AW Faber-Castell Indonesia. The sampling technique uses the Total Population. Data were analyzed univariately and bivariately with the Chi Square test. The results of this study indicate workers who experience eye fatigue (74%). The most common types of eye fatigue are blurred vision (42%), sore eyes (32%), and difficulty focusing to see (30%). In this study, there were no variables that had a significant relationship, namely the distance on the monitor screen with a p-value = 0.303, eye rest P- value = 0.886 (p-value&gt;0.05) OR = 0.735 (95% CI = 0.202-2.674), duration of computer uses p-value = 1000, work period p -value = 0.707, lighting p -value = 1000. There were many complaints of eye fatigue and duration of computer use that exceeded 4 hours/day. So, it is recommended to pay attention to the risk of eye fatigue by stretching to rest the eyes work with lighting appropriate to the type of work object, and carry out maintenance.

Analisis Konsentrasi dan Dispersi Gas Carbon Monoksida (CO) pada Kegiatan Industri Pengasapan Ikan dengan Pendekatan Model Gaussian Multiple Source

This research was conducted at the fish smoking center in Desa Koto Mesjid, Kecamatan XIII Koto Kampar. The smoking activity uses firewood as fuel to produce smoke. The results of worker interviews from 45 respondents, as many as 18 people with sore eyes and 16 people with dizziness. It is necessary to conduct research to determine the concentration of CO gas and its distribution as well as the impact on workers and the environment. The study was conducted on 8 groups of fumigation businesses to calculate CO gas emissions with the fuel approach used, then analyze the dispersion and impact as well as measure the concentration of CO gas and compare it with quality standards. Calculation of pollutant concentrations using the Gaussian Multiple Source model, sampling of air quality in the field, testing the validity with the Wilmott's Index, and comparing the results of direct measurements with the PP No. Quality standard. No. 22 of 2021. Observations of the highest CO gas emission load were 8.511.314 g/sec, and the highest amount of fuel wood consumption was 17.696 kg/day in the Rezky Salai business group. The Gaussian dispersion approach obtained the results that the concentration of CO gas dispersed at the office, musholla, and canteen receptors was 1.287 μg/m3, 3.938 μg/m3, and 8.302 μg/m3, while the maximum concentration of actual CO gas measurements was 4.908 μg/m3, 9.077 μg/m3 and 9.204 μg/m3. The actual measurement results still meet the quality standards, with values ​​below 10.000 g/m3. The validation of the Gaussian modeling results with the Wilmott's Index resulted in the d value of the office = -0,140, the d value of the Musholla = -0,149, and the d value of the Canteen = -1,278. The value of d in Wilmott's Index indicates that the Gaussian model cannot be applied to the CO gas dispersion in this fish smoking center.

Ethnopharmacology Potentials of Mangrove Bulalo, North Gorontalo

Ethnopharmacology is the study of the practical utilization of mangrove plants which have been used as a source of traditional medicine by people living in certain areas since ancient times for generations. This study aims to determine the diversity of mangrove species as the ethnopharmacology of Bulalo, Kwandang District, North Gorontalo. The research was conducted from March to May 2023. The method used in this study was semi-structured interviews. The results showed that species that have the potential for ethnopharmacology are widely used by local people as traditional medicines. Based on the results of interviews with the local community, of the 14 ethnopharmacological species found in Bulalo Village, 7 species have medicinal properties and have been used as traditional medicines by the community for generations, such as Avicennia alba, Bruguiera gymnorriza, Ceriops decandra, Rhizophora apiculate, Rhizophora mucronate, Rhizophora stylosa, and Sonneratia casseolaris, which has been used as a medicine containing phytochemical compounds such as alkaloids, saponins, terpenoids, flavonoids, and phenols. The parts used in traditional medicine are the fruit, leaves, and sap. The ways to use it include hypertension, hepatitis, asthma, flatulence, recovering energy after giving birth, mouth sores, malaria, dysentery, ulcers, cholera, sore eyes, itching, internal injuries, boils, healing burns, and bruises.

The contextuality of the Qur'an in detecting diseases (Study of the interpretation of eye diseases of Prophet Ya'qub in Surah Yusuf verse 84 perspective of eye health)

Qur'an Chapter Yusuf verse 84 tells about the sore eye of Prophet Ya'qub. It is told that he had sore eye with an indication of white discoloration of his eyes due to deep sadness. In this verse, the Qur'an only speaks of the nature and cause of the illness, without mentioning the type of illness yet. Based on this background, this thesis presents research on the eye disease of Prophet Ya'qub in the perspective of eye health study. The research method applied in the study is qualitative method. Whereas, The documentation techniques from library sources in the form of 12 books of tafsir muktabar along with other supporting books for data collection techniques. Then the interpretation analysis theory that is applied is tahli&gt;li&gt; interpretation. The results of the study found that there are six opinions of tafsir scholars in interpreting the type of eye disease of Prophet Ya'qub. The six are: blindness, low vision, flooding of tears (Nasolacrimal duct obstruction), thin white membrane (cataract), dry eye, and glaucoma. There are two principles which become the standard in the object of this research, namely the indication of the white color in the eyes of Prophet Ya'qub and sadness as a causative factor. According to the study of eye health, by paying attention to these two indications, the author further strengthens the opinion that the eye disease which plagued the Prophet Ya'qub leads to cataract eye disease. Because cataracts are a disease which clearly gives a white effect on the eye. As for the other diseases, there is less visible characteristic of the white effect on the eye. Furthermore, the main cause of cataracts is excess sugar in the body (Diabetes Mellitus). Diabetes mellitus often occurs due to stress or protracted sadness. Thus, the author's strong assumption in giving the conclusion that the eye disease experienced by the Prophet Ya'qub is leading to cataract eye disease

Symptom frequency and exposure to a cyanobacteria bloom in Florida

This investigation was undertaken to characterize health effects associated with a major bloom of blue-green algae due to the proliferation Microcystis aeruginosa that occurred in Florida in 2018. Cyanobacteria produce multiple toxins, including the potent hepatotoxic microcystins (MCs), that have been reported to cause illness in exposed persons worldwide. Widespread exposure to toxins released by blue-green algae during the 2018 bloom was shown by the presence of MCs in the nasal passages of 95 percent of the individuals studied previously in south Florida (Schaefer et al., 2020). The current analyses were conducted to determine whether self-reported symptoms were associated with activity patterns, direct contact with water, residential, recreational, and occupational exposure. The 125 persons who participated in the initial study reported an average of 4.94 (± 4.87) symptoms. Those reported most commonly included rhinorrhea, sneezing, headache, sore throat and dry cough. Respiratory symptoms were reported by 74%, ocular symptoms by 62%, and gastrointestinal symptoms by 35% of respondents. Residential and recreational exposures were associated with increased risks of respiratory, gastrointestinal, or ocular symptoms in univariate and adjusted multivariable analyses. Residential exposure was significantly associated with increased reporting of dry cough (p = 0.03), dyspnea (p < 0.01) and wheezy respirations (p = 0.04). Among persons reporting gastrointestinal symptoms, nausea (p = 0.02) and abdominal pain (p < 0.01) were significantly associated with residential exposure. Recreational exposure was significantly associated with sore throat and eye irritation. The findings add to the evidence that exposure to cyanobacteria at concentrations encountered during an algal bloom is associated with a diverse array of symptoms and that inhalation of aerosols constitutes an important exposure pathway.

Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma: A Potential Therapy to Mitigate Severe Covid-19 Manifestations

The Chinese Ministry of Health's Chinese Health Protection Centers reported the appearance of COVID-19, a group of pneumonia, in Wuhan toward the end of 2019. Common symptoms found are sore throat, headache, pain, diarrhea, skin lesions, and eye irritation. The immune regulatory system may become dysfunctional as a result of SARS-COV-2, leading to an uncontrolled inflammatory response. These events will then result in lymphocyte activation and dysfunction, lymphopenia, an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokine productions, and abnormalities in granulocytes and monocytes, all of which are symptoms of cytokine release syndrome (CRS). CRS may result in shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome, organ failure, respiratory failure, and even death in COVID-19 patients. In order to avoid this, activated autologous platelet-rich plasma (aaPRP) therapy was created to treat CRS. aaPRP therapy is replicable in a short time, easy, and at a low cost. The numerous growth factors in aaPRP have anti-inflammatory properties that reduce the production of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF. The use of aaPRP treatment may lessen the need for invasive mechanical breathing, avoid alopecia and sepsis, and lessen pulmonary fibrosis. According to the findings of the phase I/II study that were conducted, it shows that aaPRP was given through intravenously and did not cause side effects in COVID-19 patients. To fully comprehend the aaPRP treatment for COVID-19 patients, however, more research is required. This review will go into discuss about the pathophysiology of COVID-19 as well as potential areas for aaPRP therapy.

Literature Review : Hubungan Kualitas Udara Indoor terhadap Kejadian Sick Building Syndrome pada Pekerja Perkantoran

Indoor air quality includes poor physical, chemical and biological quality which can have a negative impact on workers in the form of complaints of health problems or Sick Building Syndrome (SBS). This study aims to analyze the relationship between indoor air quality and the incidence of Sick Building Syndrome in Offices. Article searches were carried out through the journal sites Science Direct, Scopus, Semantic Scholar, Google Scholar, and nature. The selection of articles was carried out with the following criteria: open access full text, publication 2010-2022, articles in English, suitability of the dependent and independent variables. Based on 53 relevant articles, 5 main articles met the criteria and were discussed further in this study. The 5 main articles show the results of the statistical test p-value 0.05, which means there is a significant relationship between temperature, humidity, bad air such as dusty, stuffy, dry air and bad smell, increased exposure to CO2, ventilation quality, and light intensity with the incidence of Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) in office workers which includes sneezing, skin redness, eye pain, sore eyes and itchy eyes, dizziness, headache, nausea, nose irritation, dry throat, dyspnea, bad taste, feeling unwell, sneezing, bad mood, motivation, and concentration problems.

CLINICAL EVALUATION OF OMICRON SUBVARIANT BA. 2- A HOSPITAL BASED STUDY

Introduction- Omicron is subdivided into BA.1 and BA.2. BA.2 appears to be more transmissible by nature. The new BA.2 sub variant is 30% easier to spread than the original omicron variant. Among those who are infected, headache, sore/itchy throat, sneezing, runny nose, and general body soreness are the most prevalent symptoms. Dizziness and fatigue are two more Omicron BA.2 sub variant symptoms. The aim of the study to evaluate the clinical variability of the BA. 2 sub variant. Material and methods- A retrospective study was conducted from December 2021 – March 2022 at VRDL, department of microbiology, R. G Kar medical college and hospital. Clinical features, demographic status, comorbidity status was evaluated. Result - Common symptoms of BA.2 variants are headache, sore throat, fever, muscle pain shortness of breath, runny nose, fatigue, loss of taste, chest pain, diarrhea. Other unusual symptoms are chills, altered smell, eye soreness, swollen glands, rash, hoarse voice. The risk of severe disease was similarly lower for unvaccinated cases during the Omicron period, but it remained high for older persons and middle-aged men with comorbidities. Hospitalization was rare for this variant but affected more the unvaccinated infant group. However, future evolution of the BA.2 sub variant, as well as potential emergent sub variants, should be properly monitored.