Soothing Effect Research Articles

ВЛАГОЧУВСТВИТЕЛЬНЫЕ IN SITU СИСТЕМЫ В КОМПЛЕКСНОЙ ТЕРАПИИ АТОПИЧЕСКОГО ДЕРМАТИТА

Self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) are modern forms for drug agent delivery with improved biopharmaceutical characteristics. By their formation mechanism they belong to the group of in situ systems - forms formed at the application site, under the influence of specific physiological or pathological factors. Dermatological SEDDS for external use that form an emulsion at the absorption site upon contact with water are characterized by a number of advantages, both in terms of use and technology. Moisture-sensitive SEDDS are compositions of oil, surfactant, emollients and co-surfactants. Emulsification occurs with minimal mechanical action, and the emulsion formed provides effective transdermal absorption of the active ingredients, soothing, moisturizing, and protective effects on the skin. All these advantages can be effectively applied in local symptomatic treatment of atopic dermatitis. Topical SEDDS are currently known to be developed for the treatment of melanoma, viral and fungal diseases, protection against ultraviolet radiation. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic dermatological disease accompanied by itching, burning, dry and flaky skin, reduced protective function of the epidermis, susceptibility to fungal and bacterial infections. Using alkaline skin care products for patients with AD negatively affects the pH of the skin and affects it accordingly. In addition, the using of soaps causes thinning of the skin in both normal and atopic skin, which can aggravate the course of the disease. Therefore, the use of moisture-activated SEDDS in the complex external treatment of AD is reasonable both as agents for daily skin care, maintenance of its basic functions, and as drugs for transdermal delivery of active ingredients.

Evaluation of Antianxiety Effect of Mucuna Pruriens (L) –An Experimental Study in Wistar Albino Rats.

Mucuna Pruriens (MP) is a plant legume growing well in tropical countries like Africa and Asia. Various parts of this plant are used in traditional medicine to treat diseases like Parkinsonism and male infertility and as anabolic agents. These effects are attributed to the biologically active components with antioxidant properties. Many studies are highlighting the antiparkinsonian effect of MP. Twenty-four Wistar albino rats were used in this study to investigate the antianxiety activity. The animals were separated into four groups of six (Control, Diazepam-5mg/kg, MP-200mg/kg, and MP-400/kg). All animals were tested for 18 weeks, with a six-week interval beginning with week one. This study aims to observe the effect of MP on anxiety on the Elevated Plus Maze (EPM). Effects of test drug and control were noted by observing the time spent in the Open & Closed arm of EPM and the number of entries into the open & closed arm and compared among the four groups. Observations were analyzed using One-way ANOVA & Dennett's multiple comparisons tests. Animals treated with Mucuna Pruriens (200, 400mg/kg) produced a significantly increased number of entries and time spent in the open arm in the EPM (p<0.0001) compared with the control group. Mucuna Pruriens, used in this study at doses of 200mg/kg & 400mg/kg, shows an antianxiety effect comparable to that of the standard reference drug diazepam. Diazepam appeared to have a soothing effect, and no sedation was observed with MP powder based on the above results in this study.

Effect of Scalp-Improvement on Adult Women of Shampoo Containing Extracts of Fermented Conger myriaster Peel

In this study, the effect of a shampoo containing fermented extract of <i>Conger myriaster</i> peel, a specialty of Pohang, Gyeongsangbuk-do, on the scalp was evaluated. For this study, a clinical trial was conducted for about 4 weeks from July 12, 2021 to August 9, 2021 with 22 Korean adult women between the ages of 20 and 60, after applying for deliberation of the plan for human subject research to the Institutional Bioethics Committee of the OATC Skin Clinical Trial Center and receiving approval (2018071702-2107-HR-129-01) from the Institutional Bioethics Committee on July 20, 2021. The results of this study are as follows. The compliance with the research product was 99.35%, and there was significant decrease in scalp sebum, dead skin cells, and scalp soothing effects was noted after using the research product for 4 weeks. Therefore, it was judged that the value of the local specialties could be increased through various clinical trials using local specialties and that it would be possible to utilize regional specialties for product development. Development of a such product can have a positive effect on increasing income of farming households that produce local specialties, and consumers have opportunities to use cosmetics containing effective ingredients from local specialties. In addition, it is believed that it will be able to vitalize the local economy of rural areas.

Evaluation of the acid-neutralizing and cytotoxicity properties of novel plant mucilage used as an alternative treatment for peptic ulcers and as antacids in Namibia

Hypersecretion of gastric acid damages the stomach lining, causing the formation of peptic ulcers. Mucilage from medicinal plants offers a relaxing and soothing effect to the endodermal lining of the gut and has antacid properties, which can protect the mucosal lining from gastric acidity. This is the first report aimed to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics, acid-neutralizing, and cytotoxicity properties of traditionally used aqueous mucilage from Asparagus exuvialis and Sesamum capense. The physicochemical properties were determined by biochemical methods. Acid neutralizing and buffering capacities were determined by titration methods. Normal mouse embryonic fibroblast cells were used for cytotoxicity evaluation by MTT assay. The physicochemical characterization confirmed the presence of carbohydrates, alkaloids, saponins, proteins, tannins, flavonoids, and glycosides. Sesamum capense mucilage exhibited the most potent artificial gastric juice neutralizing capacity pH of 4.62±0.01, 8.0±0.00 acid neutralization capacity per gram of acid, and 30 minutes duration of acid neutralization. The aqueous mucilage from S. capense did not cause any significant cytotoxicity to 3T3 cell lines showing an IC50 value of 91.5 ± 0.06 μg mL-1, confirming the safe nature of the mucilage. These findings revealed that S. capense has the potential to neutralize gastric acid responsible for ulceration and can be safely consumed.

Anxiolytic effects of vestibular stimulation: an update.

The vestibular system inhibits both HPA and SAMaxis and contributes to the management of anxiety. Both direct and indirect pathways exist in the inhibition of the HPA and SAM axis. In this review article, the authors describe various pathways through which the vestibular system can regulate the HPA and SAM axis activity. Lastly, the authors highlight the need of starting translational research work in this field. Rocking is soothing and this is a universal fact that babies in the swing will calm down and sleep. These soothing effects of vestibular stimulation may be due to the inhibition of cortical and subcortical structures. Vestibular stimulation may be able to manage anxiety through its connections with multiple brain areas. There is a need to undertake translational research in this area to establish strong scientific evidence and recommend implementation of the vestibular stimulation in the management of anxiety.

The soothing effect of phlorotannins on cedar pollinosis in Cry j 1-stimulated mice.

The antiallergic properties of phlorotannins, algal polyphenols, have been widely reported. This study examined the soothing effect of phlorotannin concentrate (PTC) from Eisenia nipponica on cedar pollinosis in Cry j 1-stimulated mice. PTC reduced the mice's sneezing and nasal rubbing, which was attributed to decreased levels of immunoglobulin E and Th2-type cytokines [interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13].

Evaluation of free radical quenching, anti-inflammatory activity together with anticancer potential of Lychnis coronaria and characterization of novel molecules from its extract through high resolution-liquid chromatography mass spectrometry coupled to structural biochemistry approach

Lychnis coronaria, a perennial (herbaceous) belonging to Caryophyllaceae has been traditionally used for treating different complications. However, the free radical scavenging effect, anti-inflammatory activity and anticancer property of methanolic extract of this plant has not been addressed. Most importantly, the chemical constituents present in the extract of Lychnis coronaria responsible for its diverse activities have not been scrutinized till date. Here, we used a complex approach for exploring the above mentioned effects of Lychnis coronaria. We performed rigorous phytochemical screening followed by quantification of tannins, phenols, alkaloids, quinones and sterols from the extract. Moreover we employed in vitro DPPH, ABTS , FRAP assay, albumin denaturation inhibition experiment, MTT assay, high resolution liquid chromatography mass spectrometry for measurng the reactive oxygen species quenching, anti-inflammatory and anticancer strength of Lychnis coronaria and for identifying the possible bioactive molecules. We identified two novel molecules panaxynol (polyacetylenic alcohol) and norharman (9H-Pyrido [3, 4-B] indole) following rigorous analysis of the extract. Following this, the binding affinity of these molecules was estimated using human cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 enzyme as target. Among the constituents of Lychnis coronaria norharman manifested stronger binding towards COX-2 compared to panaxynol. Most importantly, norharman showed high stability in the groove of COX2 as confirmed by molecular dynamics simulation. Collectively, Lychnis coronaria manifested free radical neutralizing, inflammation soothing and anticancer effect in concentration dependent manner and thus may serve as a promising phytotherapeutic in future. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma

Examining the Impact of Continuous Dance on Emotions and Factors Influencing Dance Self-Efficacy

Introduction: The COVID-19 outbreak since 2019 seriously affected both physical and mental health, making relief for long-term negative emotions a top priority. While dance behavior in physical education is known to alleviate negative emotions, few researchers explored its effect after sudden crises like COVID-19 and antecedents of sustained dance behavior, i.e., factors influencing dance self-efficacy under such specific conditions. This study conducts empirical research by distributing 307 questionnaires to dance school students from two universities in China and South Korea, aiming to address gaps in related fields and offer guidance to future researchers and practitioners.\n\nMethods: In this study, structural equation modeling was carried out using a questionnaire. Empirical data were collected separately from two universities in China and Korea to examine the relationship between the constructs. Theoretical framework construction utilized the stimulus-organism-response framework and social cognitive theory for an in-depth exploration of the psychological factors affecting dance self-efficacy and whether continuous dance behavior can alleviate negative emotions after a crisis.\n\nResults: The findings reveal that dance self-efficacy emerges as a crucial factor in sustaining individuals\' ongoing dance intentions, with dance activities positively impacting mood improvement. Both mastery experience and vicarious experience significantly influence dance self-efficacy, albeit with differing effects. Mastery experience positively enhances dance self-efficacy, while vicarious experience has a negative impact. Augmented feedback also affects dance self-efficacy, though to a lesser extent compared to the former two factors. In contrast, physiological and affective states differ from those in other disciplines as common sources for evaluating dance self-efficacy. Moreover, environmental factors influence dance self-efficacy in the aftermath of a crisis or external stimulus. \n\nDiscussion: This study extends the stimulus-organism-response framework and social cognitive theory to the context of physical education. It aims to reveal the antecedents of dance self-efficacy behavior in physical education activities and explore whether persistent dance activities after a sudden crisis have a soothing effect on emotions. The research results enrich the relevant literature on dance education and provide theoretical support and management inspiration for those engaged in physical education activities.

“Ah! To Become the Balzac of America!”: The Balzacian Subtext of Sister Carrie

“Ah! To Become the Balzac of America!”: The Balzacian Subtext of <i>Sister Carrie</i>

The Soothing Effects of Shirodhara: Alleviating Stress through an Ancient Ayurvedic Technique

The Soothing Effects of Shirodhara: Alleviating Stress through an Ancient Ayurvedic Technique

Silicon as an attenuator of the toxic effects of aluminum in Schinus terebinthifolius plants.

Aluminum (Al) is highly toxic to plants, since it causes stress and inhibits plant growth. Silicon (Si) is known to mitigate the stress caused by Al in several plant species. Thus, the current study aims to investigate the soothing effects of Si on morphophysiological and photosynthetic variables, and the attributes associated with oxidative stress in Schinus terebinthifolius plants exposed to Al. Treatments have followed a completely randomized design, with three repetitions based on the following Al/Si combinations (in mM): Treatment 1: 0 Al + 0 Si; Treatment 2: 0 Al + 2.5 Si; Treatment 3: 1.85 Al + 0 Si; Treatment 4: 1.85 Al + 2.5 Si; Treatment 5: 3.71 Al + 0 Si; Treatment 6: 3.71 Al + 2.5 Si. Each sampling unit consisted of a tray with 15 plants, totaling forty-five per treatment. Shoot and root morphological variables, photosynthetic variables, photosynthetic pigments, hydrogen peroxide concentration, lipid peroxidation (MDA), guaiacol peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes, and non-enzymatic antioxidant such as Ascorbic acid (AsA) and non-protein thiol (NPSH) concentration were assessed. Root growth inhibition followed by changes in root morphological variables have negatively affected root and shoot biomass production in plants only subjected to Al. However, adding 2.5 mM Si to the treatment has mitigated the toxic effects caused by 1.85 mM of aluminum on S. terebinthifolius plants.

Lavender oil and its effectiveness in anxiety symptoms

Studies prove that using aromatherapy with lavender oil generates reduction of anxiety, sedative, antidepressant, soothing, antispasmodic, analgesic and healing effects. A fact that occurs due to the inhibitory action of lavender on the hypothalamic-hypophysis-adrenal axis, which results in the reduction in the release of cortisol, the stress hormone. Promoting, on the other hand, the release of serotonin, generating a feeling of pleasure and well-being. Thus, the present study aimed, through an integrative literature review, to describe the effects of the use of lavender oil in the treatment of anxiety. The psychological effects of inhaling lavender oil occur through conscious perception, belief and expectation. Meanwhile, the pharmacological effects occur through the modulation of the cyclic activity of adenosine monophosphate (reduction of cyclic adenosine monophosphate results with sedation) and inhibition of glutamate binding (sedative effects). Thus, the use of oil is considered safe, except for rare allergic reactions, and can be beneficial in patients with anxiety and reduce the use of antipsychotic drugs.

Soothing Effect of a Cosmetic Product on Skin Discomforts Induced by a Chemical Irritant (Capsaicin) and UV-Radiation, and after Mosquito Bites and Sunburn in a Real-World Setting

Irritated and itchy skin is a common skin condition. Consumers tend to opt for natural ingredients for irritated skin (e.g., after insect bites or sun exposure). We tested a cosmetic product with 94% of its ingredients being of natural origin, each with its beneficial properties, e.g., nourishing shea butter, cooling menthol, and soothing bisabolol. Skin discomfort was induced either by a chemical irritant (capsaicin) or UV radiation by a solar simulator. In this clinical, prospective, and controlled experimental study, we investigated the soothing effect of the tested product. We observed a soothing effect on the capsaicin-induced itching and stinging sensation with a statistically significant decrease in the discomfort sensations one minute after a single application. The tested product also showed a significant reduction in the UV-induced skin erythema (UVA+B exposure). In a real-world study, these results can be correlated with a decrease of itching and irritation after sunburn or after insect bites.

A case study on the effect of light and colors in the built environment on autistic children's behavior.

The importance of strategies and services by caregivers and family members substantially impact the psychological and emotional wellbeing of autistic children. The rapid research developments in clinical and non-clinical methods benefit the features of autistic children. Among various internal and external factors, the influence of the built environment also impacts the characteristics of autistic children. This study investigates primarily the psychological effect of light and colors on the mood and behavior of autistic children to identify the most favorable and preferred indoor lights and color shades. A questionnaire survey was conducted at an autism center among autistic children and their parents. This study included autistic children aged between 6 and 16 (45 males, 42 females, mean age 8.7 years, standard deviation 2.3). Eighty-seven participants were involved in the survey to determine the sensory perceptions, intolerance, preferences, and sensitivities of children with an autism spectrum disorder toward colors and lighting. The margin of error at the statistical analysis's 95% confidence level is ± 0.481. As per this case report, the children have various color preferences and respond differently to different shades. Different hues have varying effects on autistic children, with many neutral tones and mellow shades proven to be autistic-friendly with their calming and soothing effect, while bright, bold, and intense colors are refreshing and stimulating. The stimulus of bright-lighting causes behavioral changes in autistic children prone to light sensitivity. The insights gained from this interaction with parents and caretakers of autistic children could be helpful for designers to incorporate specific autistic-friendly design elements that make productive interior spaces. A complete understanding of the effect of factors like color and lighting on the learning ability and engagement of autistic children in an indoor environment is essential for designers and clinicians. The main findings of this study could be helpful for a designer and clinicians to address designing an autism-friendly built environment with a color palette and lighting scheme conducive to their wellbeing and to maximize their cognitive functioning.

Clinical studies in Chinese subjects investigating the tolerance and soothing efficacy of a cream and balm containing 4-t-butylcyclohexanol on the sensitivity of facial skin.

Asian subjects are particularly prone to skin sensitivity. We developed a facial cream and balm containing 4-t-butylcyclohexanol to provide skin comfort and a soothing effect for sensitive skin. Assess the dermatological and ophthalmological tolerance and efficacy in improving skin sensitivity of face cream and balm under normal conditions of use by a population known to be particularly prone to this problem. In a monocentric non-randomized open trial, the cream or balm was applied twice daily to the face, neck, and eye contour of 33 stinger subjects with hypersensitive skin (22-63 years old). Assessments included dermatological and ophthalmological physical and functional signs on Day 1 (D1), D8, and D22, and cosmetic acceptability, cutaneous sensitivity according to a stinging test and the sensitive scale, and the soothing efficacy according to a questionnaire on D22. The cream and balm were very well tolerated. Immediately after application, subjects reported a reduction in the skin's hypersensitivity (93.9% of subjects for the cream and 81.8% for the balm), skin redness (90.9% of subjects for the cream and 87.9% for the balm), sensations of tightness (93.9% for the cream and 97.0% for the balm), and discomfort sensations (93.9% for the cream and 87.9% for the balm). After 21 days, the application of the cream and balm decreased the stinging scores by 65% and 41%, respectively, with 94% and 77% of subjects showing an improvement, respectively. The sensitivity scale questionnaire indicated that the cream and balm significantly and profoundly decreased all negative signs, for example, irritability, stinging, general discomfort, redness, and dryness on D22 compared to D1. On D22, all 15 parameters recorded were improved by 89%-100% by the cream and by 74%-100% by the balm. The majority (90.9% and 96.8% of subjects using the cream and balm, respectively) of the subjects noticed positive changes in their skin condition after using the product for 21 days. The cream and balm were very well-tolerated. This study demonstrated that both products controlled and markedly reduced skin hypersensitivity in Asian subjects, with an immediate and lasting skin soothing and repairing effect over 21 days.

141 Focus on triggering factors in sensitive skin: two biomarkers in a new heat-cold stress in vivo model

Sensitive skin syndrome (SSS) is characterized by barrier function alteration and inflammation in response to several stimuli (mechanical, chemical, thermal, pollution…) but no consensus exists on how to assess SSS. In this context, we developed an innovative model with heat-cold stress to evaluate in subjects with SSS the impact of a dermocosmetic product on two biomarkers, IL-1α and S100A8/9. To confirm its efficacy, the product was evaluated on skin barrier function, immediate and long-lasting soothing effect after stripping/chemical irritation (temperature, microcirculation, capsaicin test), and on Asiatic and Caucasian subjects. In an intra-individual comparative study, 30 females with SSS applied the product on one half-face for 28 days twice daily. At day 0 (D0) and D28, heat-cold stress was performed on both half-faces (radiofrequency system and dry air by 3 cycles 45±5°C,15±5°C). Before and after stress, IL-1α and S100A8/9 release, hydration and global clinical scoring of unpleasant sensations were measured. At D28, the product significantly improved skin barrier and presented a soothing effect whatever the triggering factors. In addition, up to 91% of Asiatic and Caucasian sensitive skin subjects judged the product efficient and significantly improving the burden of sensitive skin (BoSS score -14.1%). The product significantly reduced IL-1α after heat-cold stress at D0 (32.6%, p<0.001), and at D28 (27.7%, p<0.01) vs control. At D0 and D28, the S100A8/9 increase with heat-cold stress was prevented by the product. Moreover, the product significantly improved hydration (up to +45%), and the global clinical scoring (down to -50%) before and after heat-cold stress vs control. Thus, the dermocosmetic product protected skin from mechanical, chemical, and heat-cold aggressions, in addition to pollution/UV previously studied. Through this innovative model, IL-1α and S100A8/9 seems to be relevant biomarkers to assess SSS.

Distractions in a disruption: The soothing effect of the heritage bus ride during London Tube strikes

This paper explores the cultural significance of replacement bus services during three London Tube strikes in 2018. Strikes cause delays to journeys, and are often anticipated, framed, and reported as nuisances. Empirically informed by participant observation, the paper discusses how social interaction among passengers, triggered by a heritage bus journey, could redefine a disrupted commuter trip as a collective heritage journey, via its unusual materialities and sensations. Passengers notice the different material configuration of heritage buses, leading to the creation of an affective atmosphere, which then spreads among passengers as if by affective contagion. The resulting initiation of a temporary guide–audience relationship in this unexpected space enabled different forms of intercultural dialogue and knowledge exchange, which transformed an ordinary everyday experience into something extraordinary, in which heightened awareness of the bus environment and an increase in social interaction somewhat resembled a guided tour of the city combined with commuter transport. While the economic injustices at the heart of Tube strikes should not be neglected, I propose that the use of heritage buses as replacement transport contributes to the formation of affective atmosphere via the increase in social interactions triggered by their material configuration, and consequently to the sharing of everyday history.

Special Connections Between Strangers: Viewing Chitra Divakaruni’s Fiction Through a Maternal Lens

Indian American writer Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni has an enviable body of work. She has covered a range of themes, including the search for identity and heritage, immigration, mother-daughter dynamics, domestic abuse, palace intrigues, the impact of 9/11, mother-love, and the bonds between sisters. Through a nuanced exploration of the dynamics between strangers,she brings to the fore possibilities of love, cooperation, and emotionally sustaining interactions. The special connections have a soothing effect and, at times, a subversive edge. They can challenge hetero-normative conventions: two Indian immigrants discover the happiness promised by lesbian love. They can disregard the law: a young Indian woman develops an instant and irrepressible attachment for a lost child, whom she takes in without the knowledge of the authorities. They can counteract the forces of hate: a yoga practitioner stabilises an artist disturbed by 9/11 and its aftermath. The connections chosen for this analysis have a distinct maternal component, i.e., they involve holding, protection, nurturance, and what Sara Ruddick calls “attentive love”. Through an application of Ruddick’s concept of “maternal thinking”, I will examine and explicate the rationality of care that informs the interactions between strangers in Divakaruni’s fiction. After a broad engagement with Divakaruni’s oeuvre, this paper will take a deep dive into the short story “A Perfect Life” (1995) and the novel Queen of Dreams(2004). By forging unique connections between her characters, Divakaruni broadens the scope of what is possible. She also reveals the different ways in which the maternal can manifest itself.

Hybrid-Based Wound Dressings: Combination of Synthetic and Biopolymers.

Most commercialized wound dressings are polymer-based. Synthetic and natural polymers have been utilized widely for the development of wound dressings. However, the use of natural polymers is limited by their poor mechanical properties, resulting in their combination with synthetic polymers and other materials to enhance their mechanical properties. Natural polymers are mostly affordable, biocompatible, and biodegradable with promising antimicrobial activity. They have been further tailored into unique hybrid wound dressings when combined with synthetic polymers and selected biomaterials. Some important features required in an ideal wound dressing include the capability to prevent bacteria invasion, reduce odor, absorb exudates, be comfortable, facilitate easy application and removal as well as frequent changing, prevent further skin tear and irritation when applied or removed, and provide a moist environment and soothing effect, be permeable to gases, etc. The efficacy of polymers in the design of wound dressings cannot be overemphasized. This review article reports the efficacy of wound dressings prepared from a combination of synthetic and natural polymers.

Polymer-Based Hydrogels Enriched with Essential Oils: A Promising Approach for the Treatment of Infected Wounds.

Among the factors that delay the wound healing process in chronic wounds, bacterial infections are a common cause of acute wounds becoming chronic. Various therapeutic agents, such as antibiotics, metallic nanoparticles, and essential oils have been employed to treat infected wounds and also prevent the wounds from bacterial invasion. Essential oils are promising therapeutic agents with excellent wound healing, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities, and good soothing effects. Some essential oils become chemically unstable when exposed to light, heat, oxygen, and moisture. The stability and biological activity of essential oil can be preserved via loading into hydrogels. The polymer-based hydrogels loaded with bioactive agents are regarded as ideal wound dressings with unique features, such as controlled and sustained drug release mechanisms, good antibacterial activity, non-toxicity, excellent cytocompatibility, good porosity, moderate water vapour transmission rate, etc. This review addresses the pre-clinical outcomes of hydrogels loaded with essential oils in the treatment of infected wounds.