Community Problem Solving Research Articles

Effective Local Government Strategies for Addressing Crime Hot Spots

Police-led crime prevention initiatives at crime hot spots can be effective, but they come with limitations. The police do not have the tools to deal with all the complex risk factors that create crime hot spots and some of the tools they do have can potentially damage community trust. There are many effective strategies that local governments can implement to reduce or prevent crime at hot spots that don’t rely solely on police expertise. These include increasing guardianship, changing the physical environment, changing or enforcing policies and rules, and strengthening the capacity for community problem-solving. It is imperative for local governments to help promote and build capacity for diagnosing the crime problem(s) at hot spots and understanding the specific local conditions that contribute to the crime at these locations.

지속가능한 비즈니스모델을 통한 가방디자인 연구 - 페그물 업사이클링 KOOK 브랜드 제품을 중심으로

Along with the aging population of local fishing villages and the decrease in fishing income due to job losses, the problem of fishing net waste accumulated on the coast is becoming a discouraging factor for the environment and marine tourism. Due to the aging and declining population of fishing villages, there is a shortage of manpower to collect this waste, making it imperative to solve fundamental problems related to cost reduction for maintaining a pleasant environment and waste disposal. This issue can be partially addressed by using yarn extracted from waste nets in fishing villages to produce upcycled products. Additionally, this initiative will create jobs that can help increase the income of fishing villages, where the dominant population consists of seniors. By carrying out the commercialization process using waste nets in a social economic manner, we believe that a virtuous cycle business model can be established, leading to community problem-solving and job creation, along with effective design development through the process of recognizing and resolving various issues in the local community. If a business model such as “KOOK” is established and specialized products suitable for regional characteristics are developed, a social contribution business model can be created alongside effective design development while addressing various challenges faced by the local community.

INTEGRATING SERVICE LEARNING IN HIGHER EDUCATION FOR ENHANCED ENVIRONMENTAL CONSCIOUSNESS IN YAN, KEDAH

The Service-Learning Malaysia (SULAM) initiative is a credit-bearing program that focuses on experiential learning to enable students to work with faculty to solve community problems using the knowledge and skills they gained from their academic disciplines. SULAM projects carried out for the Environmental Administration Group A course in the Development Management Program at Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM) during Semester A222 were conducted in collaboration with the community in the district of Kampung Singkir Darat, Yan, Kedah. The objective of these projects was to address environmental issues faced by the community. The methodology used in this project was designed based on the data obtained from SULAM activities, which explores various aspects including methods of implementation, evaluation and documentation. The findings of the projects helped to improve the knowledge and skills of the students, enabling them to become exceptional graduates and responsible citizens. However, there were challenges faced during the SULAM projects, including communication barriers and resource constraints. To overcome these challenges, the students and faculty had to come up with creative solutions, such as using technology to communicate with the community and leveraging local resources to complete the projects. Overall, the SULAM initiative serves as a great example of how experiential learning can be used to solve real-world problems and create a positive impact on society.

Inovasi Penerapan Teknologi pada Proses Pengolahan Limbah Minyak Jelantah Menjadi Sabun Padatan di Desa Tualang Teungoh Kota Langsa

Community Service Activities (PKM) have been completed to solve community problems through innovation regarding the use of used cooking oil waste as raw material for solid soap. The targets of this service activity are the people of Tualang Teungoh Village, Langsa City, Aceh, especially PKK women. The problem faced by partners is the accumulation of used cooking oil waste that cannot be utilized. Through this service activity, the community will be educated to utilize science and technology to utilize used cooking oil waste as raw material for making multi-purpose solid soap. The series of activities that will be carried out in the Service include several stages, first an initial survey is carried out regarding the problems faced by the village community, next is outreach activities, and then practical training in making multipurpose solid soap, the final stage is monitoring partners in the solid soap packaging process. A product has been obtained in the form of multi-purpose solid soap from used cooking waste which can be used for washing household equipment in everyday life. This product is expected to become one of the local products that has market opportunities thereby increasing the utilization of household waste and improving the economic level of the community.

The Common Orientation of Community Psychology and Wonhyo’s Thought: ‘One Mind’, ‘Harmonizing Disputes’ and ‘Non-hindrance’ in Focus

This study aims to relate the emerging field of community psychology with the philosophical thoughts of Wonhyo, a prominent figure in Korean Buddhism, from the aspect of their common orientation, to explore the development of both Buddhist philosophy and psychological research. The integration of modern psychology and Buddhist theory has only recently begun. In community psychology, there is a continuous need for the complementation of theory and case studies, and within Buddhism, there is a need to academically and popularly expand the advantages of Buddhist teachings. Furthermore, this research is believed to significantly contribute to the theory and practice of community problem-solving, which modern society demands. The characteristics of community psychology that differ from previous psychological research are twofold. First, it conducts a balanced examination of individuals and structures, moving away from the individual-centric focus of traditional psychology. Second, it emphasizes practice beyond theory, diverging from the theory-heavy focus of prior studies. Wonhyo’s philosophy is particularly well-suited to these characteristics. In the discussion, the theoretical contributions of Buddhism to community psychology are examined, based on Wonhyo’s philosophy, with a focus on the two main features mentioned above. This includes discussions on Buddhist introspection and the pursuit of enlightenment, grounded in a Mahāyāna perspective of the interdependent nature of the One Dharma world and the Bodhisattva path. The study further explores Wonhyo’s philosophy and practical examples pertinent to community psychology. Specifically, this examination focuses on the community’s psychological characteristics and practical examples demonstrated in Wonhyo’s concepts of ‘One Mind’, ‘Harmonizing Disputes (Hwajaeng)’, and ‘Non-hindrance’, categorizing them into individual and community aspects. Through this research, it is confirmed that the personal cultivation and community contributions of Buddhism are vividly present in Wonhyo’s theory and deeds. Particularly, Wonhyo’s philosophy and actions, embodying the benefits of humanistic and relational Buddhism, are expected to contribute significantly to the problem-solving of modern society and the academic advancement in community psychology.

지역사회 문제 해결형 바이오헬스케어 분야 디지털 리빙랩의 활용 방안 연구

Objectives The purpose of this study was to understand the importance of the Bio-healthcare Digital Living Lab for solving community problems and to suggest policy improvement so that it can be utilized based on the speci-alized fields of university. Methods From September 1 to October 10, 2022, the survey was conducted on 150 students enrolled in bio-healthcare courses at universities in the Jeonbuk region, as well as faculty and community industrial company related Bio-healthcare department. The collected data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistic ver. 22.0 stat-istical program. Frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, χ-square, independent t-test, and 1-way ANOVA were performed to analyze the data. Results The study showed satisfaction with the community living environment at 3.68 out of 5. By gender, it was higher in men(3.77±0.90) than in women(3.62±0.85), and by age, it was highest in people in their 20s(3.86±0.80), and satisfaction tended to decrease as age increased. Among local issues, ‘culture/leisure’ was recognized as the most important in terms of quality of life(28.2%) and an area in urgent need of improvement(27.6%), and the area expected to have the greatest ripple effect if improved was ‘jobs/start-up’(33.9%). In addition, there was a stat-istical difference in areas requiring urgent improvement and areas with large ripple effects depending on age and status(p<.05). They recognized that the bio-healthcare field would play an important role in resolving local is-sues(52.7%), and that local residents‘ participation was necessary in promoting it(70.4%), but the highest re-sponse was that they would consider their participation depending on the nature and direction of the project (48.8%). And, teenagers showed statistically significantly lowest scores in terms of possibility of solving local is-sues, possibility of improving quality of life, need for resident participation, and willingness to participate (p<.05). Conclusions In process of promoting a digital living lab in the bio-healthcare, an accurate preliminary analysis of the needs of local community residents regarding its nature and direction is necessary. And, in promoting a digital living lab that solves community problems, universities must play a role in building a digital living lab infrastructure specialized in the bio-healthcare field while experimenting with technology, products, and services through com-munity linkage. Lastly, for the expansion and sustainability of community bio-healthcare living labs, it is necessary to plan a living lab platform that considers both the community's needs and the university's specialized fields, and it is need to develop into an infrastructure rather than a project type.

ЗАСАДИ РОЗВИТКУ МІСЦЕВИХ БЮДЖЕТІВ В УМОВАХ РЕФОРМУВАННЯ МІСЦЕВОГО САМОВРЯДУВАННЯ

The article is devoted to an overview of some of the main organizational and economic foundations of the development of local budgets in the conditions of local self-government reform. It was determined that local self-government is a manifestation of the democratic management of social development, which is based on the idea of citizen participation in solving community problems. The main functions of local self-government are the involvement of citizens in issues of local development, management of communal property, socio-economic and cultural development, provision of social services to the population. The powers of local self-government bodies include the preparation of community socio-economic development programs, the involvement of enterprises and ensuring the efficient use of resources. The implementation of the organizational and economic mechanism benefits all participants in the process, because the accumulation of taxes in the local budget contributes to the growth of the quality of life of the population, creates additional conditions for the development of enterprises, the creation of new jobs, and affects the formation of the investment climate. In the conditions of martial law, changes were made to a number of regulatory and legal documents regulating budgetary issues to ensure the smooth functioning of budgets at various levels during the war. The changes concerned the provision of prompt, continuous and timely implementation of local budgets, which provide for the needs of both residents and business entities of the OTG. To ensure the restoration of the work of enterprises and organizations in the liberated territories, local self-government bodies redistribute state aid. At the same time, the biggest changes in legislation related to the cancellation of mandatory taxes and deductions to the budgets of the OTG. Further scientific research in this direction concerns the improvement of the methodology for analyzing the development of local budgets in the context of local self-government reform. A number of regulatory and legal documents regulating budgetary issues under martial law were reviewed.

Kaidah Fiqih Hukum Keluarga Dan Penerapannya Dalam Undang-Undang Perkawinan

The Qur'an's attention to the family is shown by the many verses that talk about family problems, from marriage problems to the problem of dividing inheritance. It is not only shown by the details of family problems regulated in it, but also by the verses that talk about various family rules. The facts that occur regarding marriage sometimes give rise to multiple interpretations among experts and the public, especially among Muslims. This article focuses on a review of Fiqh Rules or specifically Legal Rules (Qawaid al Ahkam) which are applied to resolve practical problems in Family Law. This rule classifies similar problems into one specific rule based on sources from the Koran and Hadith which are expected to make it easier to understand and resolve problems related to Family Law with normative application, namely Legislation on Marriage. This type of qualitative normative juridical research is research that refers to legal norms contained in legislation and norms that live and develop in society. The research results show that 1) The legal principles applied in Marriage law in Indonesia are the principle of monogamy, the principle of consensuality, the principle of proportionality and the principle of complete unity; 2) Fiqh rules in Islamic Family Law are applied in the Marriage Law with the aim of solving community problems within the scope of family and marriage law.

“Public Sphere” and the Constructing of Strong Communities

Background and Aims: The term 'Öffentlichkeit' or 'Public Sphere' is a German concept used to elucidate the societal development of public consciousness. However, an examination of successful community problem-solving initiatives in Thailand reveals that the 'public sphere' plays a critical and dynamic role in fostering the success of community problem-solving. It serves as a crucial arena for pursuing consensus through deliberative democracy, facilitating the process of reaching agreements that contribute to resolving community challenges. This article presents the results of a research study on 'Public Sphere' stemming from a spatial readiness analysis. Methodology: The action plan involves organizing a forum to explain the research project, holding group discussions, conducting in-depth interviews with individuals involved or playing significant roles in driving community-strengthening processes, and meeting with provincial subgroups to advance provincial development. Results: Structured around four key topics, the article discusses: 1. The Construction of Strong Communities as a Foundation of Thai Democracy Development; 2. Utilizing the 'Public Sphere' as a Tool and Mechanism to Establish the Foundation of Thai Democracy; 3. Self-management practices in Successful Strong Communities across Various Regions; 4. Guidelines for Constructing the 'Public Sphere' to Cultivate Strong Communities. Each of these topics will be elaborated upon in the following sections." Conclusion: The article's main goal appears to be to examine how strengthening communities and creating a vibrant "Public Sphere" are essential to the advancement of Thai democracy. The text underscores the importance of community self-management practices and guides fostering an inclusive 'Public Sphere' to fortify Thai society's democratic foundation.

Innovative Extracurricular Student Engagement: The Community Problem Solving Challenge

The Community Problem Solving Challenge Program is an innovative extracurricular learning program that engages university students with high school students from inner city, economically distressed neighborhoods to develop entrepreneurial solutions for complex socio-economic problems identified by community leaders. Examples of problems addressed by students in the past include drug use among students and members of the community, the transition of incarcerated population to civil society, food deserts, and mobility. This program overcomes the limitations of the outsider-driven top-down model of community development. In this instance, community “insiders”—the high school students—collaborate with “outsiders”—the university students—to develop entrepreneurial solutions to live problems in their communities. The program illustrates how activities designed using entrepreneurship pedagogy theories can provide engaging, enriching, and effective outcomes. The program benefits all stakeholders participating in it. For example, high school students develop an entrepreneurial mindset, learn entrepreneurship principles by application of frameworks to real-world problems, achieve self-efficacy as they discover that they have agency to transform their communities, and by bringing together community leaders, faculty, college, and high school students the program fosters networks, that according to student feedback, increases the likelihood of the high school participants pursuing a college degree. This paper elaborates on the impact for all stakeholders.

아프리카 부룬디 ‘최정숙여자고등학교’ 스쿨팜 사업에 관한 고찰

The purpose of this study is to analyze the school farm project at Technical High School for Girls Choi Jung Sook in the Republic of Burundi, Africa. This research aims to explore how the school farm was established, its operational methods, and to examine its significance in educational, social, and economic aspects, comparing it with existing school farm cases. To achieve this, the study analyzed the school farm project through relevant literature and records. The school farm at Technical High School for Girls Choi Jung Sook provides students with practical agricultural experience and knowledge, particularly contributing to women's empowerment and independence in educational terms. Socially, it promotes participation and cooperation within the local community and strengthens the community's problem-solving capabilities through social cohesion. Economically, it supports the financial independence of the school and the local community and contributes to regional economic development through various projects. This research is expected to provide useful clues on how school farms can bring positive changes to communities in the poorest countries outside of Burundi.

Klasifikasi Data UMKM Di Desa Wilayut Untuk Mengetahui Dan Upaya Peningkatan Ekonomi Masyarakat

The results of data classification and field surveys by Unsuri students in Wilayut Village, Sukodono District. Has potential MSMEs in the form of businesses that produce a product of goods or services. However, in marketing activities, business actors are still doing conventionally and the use of branding strategies is also not optimal. So that the scope of marketing is still limited, making the business being run unable to develop properly. KKN activities as a form of community service in Wilayut Village aim to provide social contributions from the campus to the community as well as for the community to get help with thoughts and energy to carry out village development and solve community problems in the village. The method used is the MSME data classification method and partner participation by providing direction on the benefits of social media. Participating in contributing to the classification of MSME data in Wilayut Village and helping business actors in increasing the existence of cilok kuah seblak bu tin as one of the MSMEs engaged in the food sector.

Foreign experience of legal regulation of law enforcement training and the main directions of its implementation in Ukraine regarding tactical competence

The article explores specific aspects of the foreign experience in the normative and legal regulation of law enforcement training. In particular, attention is focused on the directions for implementing aspects related to tactical competence in Ukraine. The establishment of an effective system for training, retraining, and qualification enhancement, as well as specific aspects of tactical training for personnel in security and defense forces, is one of the priority directions in the national security of leading foreign countries worldwide. The activities of law enforcement forces represent a specialized sphere. According to researchers, this type of activity involves units responsible for maintaining public order and ensuring public safety, protecting state facilities, and more. It encompasses preventive, protective, regulatory, isolation-restrictive measures, and special operations carried out during peacetime, under extraordinary circumstances, and in times of war. These activities aim to safeguard facilities, ensure the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the state, its constitutional order, public safety, legality, and law and order. Community-oriented policing is a philosophy (a way of thinking) and an organizational strategy (a way of implementing the philosophy) that allows the police and the community to work together in new ways to address issues related to crime, public order violations, and safety, with the goal of improving the quality of life for every citizen belonging to a particular community. This philosophy is built on the previously established belief that people deserve the right to have a say in public order protection in exchange for their participation and support. It also rests on the viewpoint that to address community issues, the police and the community need to collaborate to explore new ways of solving community problems, rather than merely reacting to individual crimes or events.

기업의 문화예술을 통한 ESG경영

There are limitations in solving environmental problems solely through culture and arts. However, it can support efforts to practice ESG management by raising community awareness through the inherent cognitive value of culture, art, and artistic actions and further contributing to respecting diversity and solving community problems. As ESG management has become an unstoppable trend, support and cooperation for culture and arts should be considered for companies to practice ESG management effectively. Therefore, The objective of this study is to identify a sustainable direction for ESG management through the culture and arts. To this end, the study analyzed case studies from both domestic and international corporate cultural foundations and derived actionable directions within the realms of environmental, social, and governance. The study further suggests that a shift from a solely charitable and benevolent standpoint to a mutually beneficial partnership between corporations and the cultural and arts sector is essential. The study underscores the need to secure sustainability through 'corporate citizenship' activities that are connected to the business of the corporations.

Climate stress and anxiety, environmental context, and civic engagement: A nationally representative study

There is increasing recognition that people are experiencing stress and anxiety around climate change, and that this climate stress/anxiety may be associated with more pro-environmental behavior. However, less is known about whether people's own environmental exposures affect climate stress/anxiety or the relationship between climate stress/anxiety and civic engagement. Using three waves of survey data (2020–2022) from the nationally representative Tufts Equity in Health, Wealth, and Civic Engagement Study of US adults (n = 1071), we assessed relationships among environmental exposures (county-level air pollution, greenness, number of toxic release inventory sites, and heatwaves), self-reported climate stress/anxiety, and civic engagement measures (canvasing behavior, collaborating to solve community problems, personal efficacy to solve community problems, group efficacy to solve community problems, voting behavior). Most participants reported experiencing climate stress/anxiety (61%). In general, the environmental exposures we assessed were not significantly associated with climate stress/anxiety or civic engagement metrics, but climate stress/anxiety was positively associated with most of the civic engagement outcomes (canvassing, personal efficacy, group efficacy, voter preference). Our results support the growing literature that climate stress/anxiety may spur constructive civic action, though do not suggest a consistent relationship between adverse environmental exposures and either climate stress/anxiety or civic engagement. Future research and action addressing the climate crisis should promote climate justice by ensuring mental health support for those who experience climate stress anxiety and by promoting pro-environmental civic engagement efforts.

From the Past to the Future: a Milestone of Muban Chombueng Rajabhat University in Sustainable University

This paper presents a milestone of Muban Chombueng Rajabhat University in sustainability. The university was founded in 1954 with the concept of Village College. The purposes of the establishment were to provide educational opportunities for students and to solve the lack of teachers in distant areas around Thailand. The college trained teachers and practiced some skills to be community developers. Nowadays, the university is still on the pathway of sustainability. The university provides educational opportunities for all through degree programmes. Furthermore, the university has promoted the MCRU Credit Bank System for lifelong learning so that people of every background can participate in classes. As part of the community, the university cooperates with local communities to improve the quality of life and increase household income. For research and innovation, the university encourages academia and students to create projects focused on solving community problems. These projects impact society in all aspects, especially, good health and well-being. For the future, the university announces a five-year plan to demonstrate the direction of a sustainable university. The university improves curricula based on social dynamics and trains students to be global citizens. However, the decrease in new enrolment will be a new challenge. It affects the university's income also decreases. Therefore, it challenges the allocation budget to develop students and provide outreach projects. Moreover, the local communities also face the aged society, and this new challenge should be aware from all institutions. From this condition, the university is the partnership with communities to tackle these challenges and settle sustainability.

Kualitas Pelayanan Program Jemput Bola Terpadu Oleh Dinas Kependudukan Dan Pencatatan Sipil Kabupaten Sidoarjo

The state's efforts to meet the basic needs of its citizens are through public services. Where the position of state officials as service providers must be oriented towards optimal service and community satisfaction is a priority. One of the efforts made by Dispendukcapil district. Sidoarjo, namely through the Integrated Pick Up Football program. Integrated Ball Pick-up is a population administration service that is carried out by visiting the location you want to go to. This program aims to encourage regional innovation in providing services, especially for communities who are constrained by distance in managing population administration. This research aims to determine the quality of service from the Integrated Ball Pick-up program implemented by the Sidoarjo Regency Population and Civil Registration Service. The results of this research show that the quality of service from the Integrated Pick-up and Ball program is quite good and effective in helping the community to manage population administration. Based on the Tangible dimension, it proves that people feel the service is easy and effective, the Reability dimension proves that the service provided is swift and efficient, the responsiveness dimension proves the responsiveness of officers in solving community problems, the assurance dimension proves a guarantee of the authenticity and security of community population data, and the empathy dimension proves The existence of a community satisfaction survey provides the community with the opportunity to provide an explanation of the performance of officers in providing services so that good communication can be established between officers and the community.

Advancing transformative STEM learning: Converging perspectives from education, social science, mathematics, and engineering

Society faces emerging challenges that require re-envisioning what it means to know and use science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) and who are STEM scientists. We advocate for a transdisciplinary framework for participatory STEM learning based on the culmination of the authors’ designing and complemented by reviews of extant works in youth STEM learning and engagement. Data literacy, geospatial reasoning, and community science are cornerstones in our framework because of their power to leverage and integrate the four STEM disciplines. Youth with their families are authors and designers in community problem-solving using data literacy and geospatial reasoning through participatory community science to question, analyze, and design solutions empowered by their lived experiences. Through partnerships with community organizations, families, youth, and STEM practitioners, we discuss how to develop and use tools and methods to design and build better spaces for youths’ communities. Our aim is for more authentic, inclusive, and empowering learning opportunities that broaden youths’ STEM participation. We describe our framework and the underlying commitments, design principles, expected outcomes, and limitations.

Transcending post-truth: Open educational practices in the information age

This paper discusses operationalization of open educational practices (OEP) using innovative, Internet-influenced pedagogies to expose dangers of post-truth narratives. The first part reviews interpretations of OEP (associated with open-access and tools, collaboration, problem-centered learning, and democratic pedagogy) and explores possibilities for creating educational initiatives where students learn to create problem-solving communities mirroring an informationally healthy society. The second part suggests our society has reached a post-truth crossroads. Post-truth was initially discussed in the 1990s—a reification of critical theorists’ pessimism of social structures, controlling narratives and ways members react to critical events, whether through obedience to institutional authority or support for destructive adventurism, creating situations producing cybernetic double binds. The third part contextualizes OEP as ecologically grounded pedagogies through an open source educational processes framework focusing on productive many-to-many online communication and community formation, offering practical examples of open source educational processes curricula implemented in a higher education setting.

The role of university social responsibility during Covid-19 outbreaks: Analysis of Indonesia and Malaysia

Discussions related to social responsibility became one of the important topics during the pandemic because many people were affected from economic to social aspects. Therefore, the university's contribution to society through the University Social Responsibility program is considered important and significant to reduce the impact caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to analyze the USR program's form and benefits for COVID-19-affected communities, examining actions of Indonesian and Malaysian universities. Addressing research gaps, it offers valuable insights, comparative analysis, and practical recommendations for Southeast Asian universities and policymakers, enriching the discourse on University Social Responsibility.This study selected two universities as case studies, namely Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta (UMY) and Universiti Sains of Malaysia (USM). During the Covid-19 pandemic, these two universities implemented USR according to the triple bottom line, especially in the social field. The research methodology employed for this article encompasses qualitative techniques, primarily through in-depth interviews and the collection of secondary data, which also encompasses website evaluations and media clippings. The results showed that UMY and USM implemented USR in the form of community empowerment in the fields of education, health, and technological innovation. Both universities created a community empowerment scheme by involving students, lecturers and other stakeholders to show their contribution in dealing with and solving community problems affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. These universities have always been oriented towards innovation, especially in the fields of education, research and community service. Innovation is significant because it can help increase skills and add value to the wider community and have an impact on sustainable development.