Solid Oxide Research Articles

Performance analysis of a 1 MW reversible solid oxide system for flexible hydrogen and electricity production

Performance analysis of a 1 MW reversible solid oxide system for flexible hydrogen and electricity production

Sc-doped strontium iron molybdenum cathode for high-efficiency CO2 electrolysis in solid oxide electrolysis cell

Sc-doped strontium iron molybdenum cathode for high-efficiency CO2 electrolysis in solid oxide electrolysis cell

Planer type solid oxide cells using La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3-δ thin-film electrolyte prepared by dip-coating method for high performance CO2/H2O co-electrolysis

Planer type solid oxide cells using La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3-δ thin-film electrolyte prepared by dip-coating method for high performance CO2/H2O co-electrolysis

Lifetime and performance of solid oxide electrolysis stacks and systems under different operation modes and conditions

Lifetime and performance of solid oxide electrolysis stacks and systems under different operation modes and conditions

Component sizing and dynamic simulation of a low-emission power plant for cruise ships with solid oxide fuel cells

Component sizing and dynamic simulation of a low-emission power plant for cruise ships with solid oxide fuel cells

Improvement of Fe addition on redox stability of Ni/YSZ composite anode for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell

Improvement of Fe addition on redox stability of Ni/YSZ composite anode for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell

High-performing Zr4+/Ti4+ Co-doped SrFeO3 as electrodes for symmetrical solid oxide fuel cells

High-performing Zr4+/Ti4+ Co-doped SrFeO3 as electrodes for symmetrical solid oxide fuel cells

A cobalt-free high-entropy perovskite oxide material as the electrocatalyst with enhanced activity for reversible solid oxide cells

A cobalt-free high-entropy perovskite oxide material as the electrocatalyst with enhanced activity for reversible solid oxide cells

Multi-objective optimization and posteriori multi-criteria decision making on an integrative solid oxide fuel cell cooling, heating and power system with semi-empirical model-driven co-simulation

An integrative solid oxide fuel cell combined cooling, heating and power system in green buildings with hydrogen energy of byproduct water enables carbon neutrality transformation. However, underlying mechanisms on capacity sizing of combined cooling, heating and power system devices and its impacts on system techno-economy have not been figured out especially considering dynamic degradation and efficiency of associated devices. In this study, a multi-software optimization platform is established by MATLAB-TRNSYS co-simulation for sizing parametrical analysis, with well balance of modelling complexity and computational efficiency. A self-sufficient combined cooling, heating and power system is modelled integrating with a semi-empirical surrogate model of solid oxide fuel cell to interact with other balance of plant types efficiently. Total energy efficiency and annual total cost are optimized through parametrical analysis on device size of each component (battery, electrolyzer and solid oxide fuel cell) and analysis of variance for contribution ratio quantification. Results indicate that, the size increase in electrolyzer and solid oxide fuel cell will improve system total energy efficiency by 13.635 % and 2.194 %, but promote annual total cost by 4.042 × 104 $ and 2.389 × 103 $, respectively. Besides, sensitivity analysis indicates that the electrolyzer size prioritizes other design parameters in techno-economic performance. Optimal sizes of battery, electrolyzer and solid oxide fuel cell are in cell number range of 333 – 403, 17 – 20, and 26 – 30, respectively, with corresponding optimal total energy efficiency and annual total cost at 70.861 % – 72.147 % and 6.723 × 104 $ – 7.325 × 104 $, respectively. The research results can provide guidance on hydrogen-based cooling, heating and power system design and operation with techno-economic feasibility for low-carbon district energy transition.

Advancements in chromium-tolerant air electrode for solid oxide cells: A mini-review

Advancements in chromium-tolerant air electrode for solid oxide cells: A mini-review

Corrigendum to “One-pot fabrication of high-entropy heterostructure cathode materials with excellent anti-poisoning properties in solid oxide fuel cells” [J. Power Sources 626 (15) 235809 (2025)

Corrigendum to “One-pot fabrication of high-entropy heterostructure cathode materials with excellent anti-poisoning properties in solid oxide fuel cells” [J. Power Sources 626 (15) 235809 (2025)

Temperature-driven degradation in solid oxide fuel cells: Insights into anode microstructure evolution and Ni agglomeration

Temperature-driven degradation in solid oxide fuel cells: Insights into anode microstructure evolution and Ni agglomeration

In Situ Formation of a Melt‐Solid Interface Toward Stable Oxygen Reduction in Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cells

AbstractProtonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs) are one of the promising routes to generate power efficiently from various fuels at economically viable temperatures (500–700 °C) due to the use of fast proton conducting oxides as electrolytes. However, the power density and durability of the PCFCs are still limited by their cathodes made from solid metal oxides, which are challenging to address the sluggish oxygen reduction reaction and susceptibility to CO2 simultaneously. Here, an alternative approach is reported to address this challenge by developing a new melt‐solid interface through the in situ alkali metal surface segregation and consecutive eutectic formation at perovskite oxide surface at PCFC operating temperatures. This new approach in cathode engineering is successfully demonstrated over lithium and sodium co‐doped BaCo0.4Fe0.4Zr0.1Y0.1O3‐δ perovskite as the model material. These experimental results unveil that the unique in situ formed melt‐solid surface stabilizes the catalytically active phase in bulk and promotes catalytically active sites at surface. The novel engineered melt‐solid interface enhances the stability of the cathode against poisoning in 10% CO2 by a factor of 1.5 in a symmetrical cell configuration and by a factor of more than two in PCFC single cells.

Protonolysis and Condensation Reactions of Alkoxido-Substituted Lindqvist {MW5} and Keggin {MPW11} Polyoxometalates: Comparative Experimental and Modeling Studies.

An understanding of proton transfer and migration at the surfaces of solid metal oxides and related molecular polyoxometalates (POMs) and metal alkoxides is crucial for the development of reactivity involving protonation or the absorption/binding of water. In this work, the hydrolysis of alkoxido Ti- and Sn-substituted Lindqvist [(MeO)MW5O18]3- (M = Ti, 1; M = Sn, 2) and Keggin [(MeO)MPW11O39]4- (M = Ti, 3; M = Sn, 4) type polyoxometalates (POMs) to hydroxido derivatives and subsequent condensation to μ-oxido species has been investigated in detail to provide insight into proton transfer reactions in these molecular metal oxide systems. Solution NMR studies revealed the dependence of reactions not only on the nature of the heteroatom (Ti or Sn) but also on the type of lacunary (W5 or PW11) POM and also on the solvent (MeCN or DMSO). Tin-substituted anions 2 and 4 were much more susceptible to protonolysis than the Ti analogues 1 and 3 while reactions of {MW5} anions were generally faster than those of the {MPW11} anions. Subsequent condensation of the resulting hydroxido derivatives [(HO)MW5O18]3- (M = Ti, 5; M = Sn, 6) and [(HO)MPW11O39]4- (M = Ti, 7; M = Sn, 8) was significantly more facile for 5 and 7 and, in all cases, condensation was inhibited in DMSO. Quantitative comparisons of equilibria and reaction rates were provided by analysis of NMR kinetic experiments, while DFT calculations on these and the analogous {NbW5} reactions provided comparative energetics and reaction profiles that are consistent with experimental observations. These results add to the fundamental understanding of proton migration in metal alkoxide hydrolysis/condensation and related reactions at metal oxide surfaces.

Effective control of conductivity in lutetium orthoferrite with cobalt doping measured by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy

The effective control of conductivity in LuFeO3 (LFO) with Co3+ doping is explored by terahertz (THz) time-domain spectroscopy. It is demonstrated that the conductivity of 5% Co-doped LFO (LFO:Co 5%) is lower than that of LFO, while that of 15% Co-doped LFO (LFO:Co 15%) is significantly higher than LFO. Furthermore, LFO exhibits two lattice vibration peaks at 0.58 and 1.61 THz, LFO:Co 5% shows only one lattice vibration peak at 1.61 THz, while no distinct vibration peak is observed in LFO:Co 15%. The disappearance of lattice vibration at 0.58 THz is attributed to the shortened Fe (Co)-O bond length resulting from Co3+ doping, thus suppressing magnetic resonance effect of Fe3+. With 15% Co3+ doping, structural stability is enhanced, and the asymmetric vibration of Lu3+ at surface/interface/boundary is suppressed, resulting in the disappearance of vibration peak at 1.61 THz. The conductivity of LFO:Co 5% is lower than that of LFO, mainly because the lattice vibration at 1.61 THz and oxygen vacancy defects introduced by doping jointly increase the degree of carrier back-scattering, which decreases carrier movement, while the enhancement of conductivity by electronegativity at 5% Co3+ doping is very limited. The significantly higher conductivity of LFO:Co 15% compared to LFO is due to the obvious increase in overall electronegativity and suppression of lattice vibration by 15% Co3+ doping, thereby improving carrier mobility. The insights of this investigation provide important experimental data and theoretical basis for design and production of high-conductivity and stable solid oxide fuel cells cathode.

Enhancing the electrical performance of solid oxide fuel cell cathodes through controlled calcination temperature of La0.3Sr0.7Ti0.3Fe0.7O3-δ

Enhancing the electrical performance of solid oxide fuel cell cathodes through controlled calcination temperature of La0.3Sr0.7Ti0.3Fe0.7O3-δ

Catalytic Performance of B-Site Doped LST Modified NiO/YSZ Cathodes for CO2 Reduction in a Solid Oxide Electrolyzer

Abstract The NiO/YSZ modified with B-site doped lanthanum strontium titanate (LST) was investigated as cathode materials for the reduction of CO2 in a solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC). The electrocatalytic activity evaluated in CO2/H2 under solid oxide fuel cell and SOEC conditions both demonstrated that the cobalt-doped LST (LSTC) performs better than pristine NiO/YSZ and is the best among the doped LSTs. The high performance of the LSTC-modified cathode was ascribed to its good CO2 reduction ability, as evidenced by infrared and temperature-programmed surface reaction studies. Furthermore, LSTC was believed to play a role not only in serving active sites for the CO2 reaction, but also in relieving stress induced by Ni oxidation, thus stabilizing the cathode structure. Direct electrolysis in the absence of H2 further confirmed that the LSTC modified cell exhibits better performance. On the contrary, the other LST-modified cells and a CaO-modified one suffered from severe electrode polarization. These results present the potential to construct a cell combining B-site doped LST oxides with Ni cermet in a SOEC for energy conversion.

Research progress on fuel assisted solid oxide electrolysis cells

Research progress on fuel assisted solid oxide electrolysis cells

SOFCs integrated with SMES under dynamic power control using Chernobyl disaster optimizer

The current study uses the Chernobyl disaster optimizer (CDO), a new metaheuristic optimizer, to identify the seven unknown parameters of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The procedures of the CDO is based on physical behavior of the elaborated radiations from the well-known Chernobyl disaster according to their mass, speed, frequency, and degree of ionization. The sum of square errors (SMSE) among the estimated and the real measured output voltage datasets of SOFCs is minimized employing the CDO. Set of boundaries of the SOFC’s process is taken into consideration with the problem formulation. SOFCs stack’s model is examined at 800οC and 900οC and its performance is confirmed. The CDO extracts more precise SOFCs’ parameters compared to other competitors. The CDO’s convergence patterns and the SOFCs unit’s performance are studied and proved at steady-state by comparing its results to a number of recognized algorithms under varied operating scenarios. A significant SMSE’s values of 3.46 µV2 and 7.38 µV2 are attained at 800οC and 900οC, respectively by the CDO. As a result, the polarization principal curves of the measured and estimated voltage datasets are checked and verified with very close matching. The dynamic behavior of the SOFCs stack is examined in relation to direct load, electric networks, and superconducting magnetic energy storage devices (SMES) for additional validation and illustration. The role of the SOFCs stack in controlling the active and reactive power delivered to the network and direct load is investigated using two controllers: one to control the inverter, which converts the SOFC’s dc output to the main network, and the other to control the SMES. The Simulink/MATLAB environment is used to indicate the validity of the proposed framework under both steady-state and dynamical conditions. The comprehensive assessments show that the CDO capabilities are very effective when used with microgrids.

Valence Variability Induced in SrMoO₃ Perovskite by Mn Doping: Evaluation of a New Family of Anodes for Solid-Oxide Fuel Cells

We report on a series of SrMo1−xMnxO3−δ perovskite oxides designed as potential anode materials for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). These materials were synthesized using a citrate method, yielding scheelite-type precursors with nominal SrMo1−xMnxO4 compositions, which were further reduced to obtain the active perovskite oxides. Their structural evolution was examined through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and neutron powder diffraction (NPD). These techniques provided insights into the crystallographic changes upon Mn doping, revealing key factors influencing ionic conductivity. Whereas the oxidized scheelite precursors are tetragonal, space group I41/a, the reduced perovskite specimens are cubic, space group Pm-3m, and show the conspicuous absence of oxygen vacancies, even at the highest temperature of 800 °C. The transport properties were analyzed through electrical conductivity measurements, exhibiting a metallic-like behavior. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and dilatometry give insights into the thermal stability and expansion behavior, essential for SOFC operation. Test single SOFCs were built in an electrolyte-supported configuration, on LSGM pellets of 300 μm thickness, assessing the performance of the title materials as anodes. This work emphasizes the critical relationship between the crystal structure and its electrochemical behavior, providing a deeper understanding of how doping strategies can optimize fuel cell performance.