Soil Nutrient Elements Research Articles

油茶低产林养分需求和时间配置动态变化研究

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 油茶低产林养分需求和时间配置动态变化研究 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201809192045 作者: 作者单位: 湖南省林业科学院,湖南省林业科学院,湖南省林业科学院,湖南省林业科学院,湖南省林业科学院,湖南省林业科学院,湖南省林业科学院 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家重点研发计划（2017YFC0505500，2017YFC0505506）；国家油茶工程技术研究中心开放基金项目（2015CY01）；湖南省重点研发计划（2017NK2223）；湖南省林业科技计划项目（XLKPT201710） Study on the dynamic variation of nutrients in a Camellia oleifera low-yield forest Author: Affiliation: Hunan Forestry Academy,Hunan Forestry Academy,Hunan Forestry Academy,Hunan Forestry Academy,Hunan Forestry Academy,Hunan Forestry Academy,Hunan Forestry Academy Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:以常宁油茶低产林为研究对象，分析了油茶低产林树体各器官及土壤养分时间动态变化。结果表明：油茶低产林树体在不同生长期需求的大量元素均为全N、Ca和全K最多，而需求的Mg和全P最少；需求的微量元素均为Mn和Fe最多，Cu和Cd最少；春梢期供应的土壤养分元素是速效N和Mg，夏梢期主要供应的土壤元素是速效K、全N、全P、Fe和有机质，果实成熟期主要供应的土壤养分元素是全K，开花期主要供应的土壤元素是速效P和Ca；不同时间油茶低产林养分需求为春梢期（28.36%） > 夏梢期（26.17%） > 果实成熟期（22.75%） > 开花期（22.73%）；土壤养分供应为夏梢期（2999.83±87.04 mg/kg） > 果实成熟期（2703.93±292.26 mg/kg） > 开花期（2554.60±508.84 mg/kg） > 春梢期（2385.88±199.62 mg/kg）；油茶低产林在不同生长期需要的养分和土壤供应的养分并不一一对应。研究结果可为油茶低产林的施肥时间配置和养分时间变化提供科学依据，在春梢期多施肥。 Abstract:We analysed the temporal dynamic variation of nutrients in various organs and the soil in a Camellia oleifera low-yield forest in Changning. The results showed that the total N, Ca, and K had the highest demand during the different growth stages of C. oleifera, while Mg and P had the least. The trace elements that were in demand were Mn, Fe, Cu, and Cd. Available N and Mg were the soil nutrients supplied during the spring growth stage, and available K, total N, total P, Fe, and organic matter were the main soil elements supplied during the summer growth stage. The main soil nutrient element supplied during fructescence was total K, while the main soil elements supplied during florescence were available P and Ca. The nutrient demand of C. oleifera at different times differed:spring growth stage (28.36%) > summer growth stage (26.17%) > fructescence (22.75%) > florescence (22.73%). The soil nutrient supply was as follows:spring growth stage (2999.83 ±87.04 mg/kg) > summer growth stage (2703.93 ±292.26 mg/kg) > fructescence (2554.60 ±508.84 mg/kg) > florescence (2385.88 ±199.62 mg/kg). The nutrient demand did not correspond with the soil nutrient supply at the different growth stages. The results provide a scientific basis for allocating the time for fertilisation and variations in the nutrient demand and supply for C. oleifera low-yield forest and indicated that fertilisation should be increased in the spring growth stage. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Вплив різних систем удобрення на продуктивність жита озимого у короткоротаційній сівозміні

Вирощування жита озимого, як однієї з найпоширеніших зернових культур в більшості агрокліматичних зон Європи та для зони Полісся України, з точки зору вирощування органічної продукції, є перспективним. Саме тому за мету наших досліджень поставлено вивчити можливість отримувати високі показники продуктивності жита озимого за умов мінімального використання мінеральних добрив, що наближено до ведення органічного землеробства. У досліді вивчено та порівняно вплив на показники урожайності жита озимого різних систем удобрення з компенсацією елементів живлення ґрунту за рахунок органічних добрив, рослинних решток та сидератів. Впроваджені у досліді системи удобрення включали: біологічний контроль, органічну систему (гній), органо-мінеральну 50:50, органо-мінеральну 75:25, органічну (сидерат) та мінеральну системи удобрення. Встановлено, що за три роки досліджень найкраща продуктивність жита озимого отримана після використання сидератів – 2,88 т/га та післядії гною – 2,93 т/га. Отриманими показниками підтверджено, що культура жита озимого істотно реагує не тільки на наявність тих чи інших елементів живлення, але й на їх видовий склад та співвідношення. Зважаючи на отримані результати показників продуктивності жита озимого, виявлено, що його найкраще вирощувати у короткоротаційній сівозміні за органічної системи з використанням гною, яка наближена до умов ведення органічного землеробства.

Study on the Activation of Trace Nutrient Elements in Soil by Freeze-thaw Action

In order to explore the mechanism of action that the freezing-thawing cycle times and freezing temperature to the nutrient forms and enzyme activity of zonal soil (Lou soil, feldspathic sandstone), using indoor freezer to simulate different freezing temperature (20 °C intense frozen and - 10 °C weak frozen), with different freezing and thawing cycles (onece and twice). The results shows that the total nitrogen content of the two samples of the freeze-thaw cycle increases, and the increment trend of feldspathic sandstone is more pronounced than Lou soil’s; The increase of potassium content in Lou soil and feldspathic sandstone is 4.7% and 5.3% respectively compared with that before frozen. The effective phosphorus content of 2 kinds of soil in freezing-thawing cycle decreases, and the reducing trend of Lou soil is more pornounced than feldspathic sandstone’s. The peroxidase activity was enhanced by freezing-thawing cycle; however, the activity of urease was decreased. The effect of freezing temperature on the active nutrient and enzyme activity of tillage soil is not significant.

Assessment of soil fertility index for potato production using integrated Fuzzy and AHP approaches, Northeast of Iran

Considering the important role of soil fertility and nutrient management in the modern agriculture seems to be a key step in appropriate site-specific fertilizers management for crop production. The present study was conducted to prepare a soil fertility zonation map based on soil nutrient elements including total nitrogen, available potassium and phosphorus, magnesium, manganese and iron and soil chemical parameters comprising cation exchange capacity, organic carbon, salinity and pH by integrated Fuzzy and AHP approaches for potato production in Rokh plain, northeast of Iran. In this regard the most important soil chemical parameters and nutrient elements in 0-30 cm depth of the soil was analyzed and mapped. The S-shaped fuzzy membership function was subsequently defined for each factor to fuzzify soil fertility parameters. The soil fertility map was prepared by weighing factor layers by the AHP approach and summation of factor layers by IDW interpolation function in GIS. The values of the soil fertility index in the scale of 0 to 1 ranged from 0.104 to 0.574, classified the study area in very low (922.90 km 2 ), low (566.10 km 2 ) and moderate fertility (14.86 km 2 ) classes which comprises 61.37%, 37.64% and 0.99% of the surface area, respectively. A regression between soil fertility values and potato yield in the study area revealed a high correlation (R 2 = 0.91) between the observed results which validate the zonation of the fertility classes in the region.

Pesticidal Activity of Nanostructured Metal Oxides for Generation of Alternative Pesticide Formulations.

Herein, nanostructured metal oxides of essential soil nutrient elements (i.e., CuO and CaO) with definite shape and size were simply synthesized, and their pesticidal activities against cotton leafworm ( Spodoptera littoralis) were explored for the first time. These metal oxide nanostructures represented novel economic and ecofriendly nanopesticides for sustainable plant protection and might boost the nutrient content of soil. The results showed that CuO nanoparticles (NPs) and CaO NPs exhibited potential entomotoxic effects against S. littoralis. Interestingly, CuO NPs exhibited fast entomotoxic effect with LC50 = 232.75 mg/L after 3 days, while CaO NPs showed a slow entomotoxic effect with LC50 = 129.03 mg/L after 11 days of post-treatments. The difference in the pesticidal activity of the metal oxides is related to their physical characteristics and interfacial surfaces upon insect midgut and cuticle layer of insect body wall. Thus, nanoengineered metal oxides might be utilized to generate an alternative and cost-effective pesticide formulation in the near future.

Quantitative Analysis of Nutrient Elements in Soil Using Single and Double-Pulse Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy.

Rapid detection of soil nutrient elements is beneficial to the evaluation of crop yield, and it’s of great significance in agricultural production. The aim of this work was to compare the detection ability of single-pulse (SP) and collinear double-pulse (DP) laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) for soil nutrient elements and obtain an accurate and reliable method for rapid detection of soil nutrient elements. 63 soil samples were collected for SP and collinear DP signal acquisition, respectively. Macro-nutrients (K, Ca, Mg) and micro-nutrients (Fe, Mn, Na) were analyzed. Three main aspects of all elements were investigated, including spectral intensity, signal stability, and detection sensitivity. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and relative standard deviation (RSD) of elemental spectra were applied to evaluate the stability of SP and collinear DP signals. In terms of detection sensitivity, the performance of chemometrics models (univariate and multivariate analysis models) and the limit of detection (LOD) of elements were analyzed, and the results indicated that the DP-LIBS technique coupled with PLSR could be an accurate and reliable method in the quantitative determination of soil nutrient elements.

Effect of reclamation on soil organic carbon pools in coastal areas of eastern China

The coastal wetlands of eastern China form one of the most important carbon sinks in the world. However, reclamation can significantly alter the soil carbon pool dynamics in these areas. In this study, a chronosequence was constructed for four reclamation zones in Rudong County, Jiangsu Province, eastern China (reclaimed in 1951, 1974, 1982, and 2007) and a reference salt marsh to identify both the process of soil organic carbon (SOC) evolution, as well as the effect of cropping and soil properties on SOC with time after reclamation. The results show that whereas soil nutrient elements and SOC increased after reclamation, the electrical conductivity of the saturated soil extract (ECe), pH, and bulk density decreased within 62 years following reclamation and agricultural amendment. In general, the soil’s chemical properties remarkably improved and SOC increased significantly for approximately 30 years after reclamation. Reclamation for agriculture (rice and cotton) significantly increased the soil organic carbon density (SOCD) in the top 60 cm, especially in the top 0–30 cm. However, whereas the highest concentration of SOCD in rice-growing areas was in the top 0–20 cm of the soil profile, it was greater at a 20–60 cm depth in cottongrowing areas. Reclamation also significantly increased heavy fraction organic carbon (HFOC) levels in the 0–30 cm layer, thereby enhancing the stability of the soil carbon pool. SOC can thus increase significantly over a long time period after coastal reclamation, especially in areas of cultivation, where coastal SOC pools in eastern China tend to be more stable.

Assessment of Soil Fertility for Sugar Beet Production Using Fuzzy AHP Approach and GIS in the Northeastern region of Iran

Assessment of soil fertility seems to be a crucial step in appropriate site-specific management for crop production especially for sugar beet cultivation in the Northeastern region of Iran. For preparing the soil fertility zonation map for sugar beet production, the most important soil chemical parameters and nutrient elements affecting soil fertility in 0–30 cm soil depth were analyzed and mapped. Implementing fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (AHP) approach, the S-shaped fuzzy membership function was defined for each factor to fuzzify soil fertility parameters. The soil fertility map was prepared by weighing factor layers through AHP approach, the summation of factor layers, and subsequently inverse distance weighted interpolation function in geographic information system. The values of soil fertility in the scale of 0–1 ranged from 0.13 to 0.39, classified the study area in low (1205.41 km2) and very low fertility (1366.59 km2), which comprises 46.9 and 53.1% of the surface area, respectively. It was revealed that there is a high correlation (R2 = 0.98) between soil fertility values and sugar beet yield area, which validate the zonation mapping of soil fertility in the study. With respect to the findings obtained in our study, the fuzzy AHP approach may clearly apply in similar regions in estimating soil fertility index for a specific crop.

Efficiency of the wastewater applying on soddy-podzolic soils

The research results of efficiency of the wastewater sludge applying (WSA) for growing oat for green mass are shown. The main WSA applying rates are defined. It was established that the WSA applying contributes to the positive tendency to increase the main nutrient elements in sod-podzolic sandy soils, to improve the crop yield and to reduce the heavy metals accumulation in the soil and cultivated products. The expediency of WSA applying as fertilizers for the local raw material resource is grounded, taking into account practicality, efficiency and environmental friendliness.

西南喀斯特典型石漠化生态系统土壤养分生态化学计量特征及其影响因素

西南喀斯特典型石漠化生态系统土壤养分生态化学计量特征及其影响因素

Periodic Effects of Crude Oil Pollution on Some Nutrient Elements of Soils Treated Over a 90 Day Period Using Schwenkia Americana L. and Spermacoce ocymoides Burm. f

Crude oil contamination of the environment awfully impede soil ecosystem, through adsorption and surface assimilation of soil particles, contributing to excess carbon which might be unfeasible for use by the microbial populace, thereby bringing about constraints in soil nutrients. This study investigated the effects on some soil nutrient elements brought about by crude oil contamination. Laboratory analyses were carried out using standard methods. When compared to the values before planting, results obtained within the 90 days planting, revealed a significant decrease in the treated soils’ exchangeable calcium, exchangeable magnesium, total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents whereas a significant increase was recorded in the sulfur content. This indicates a deficiency of these nutrients in soils phyto-remediated over a 90 day period, and as such imperative for such soils to be augmented with nutrients before use for agricultural and other related purposes.

Heterogeneity and loss of soil nutrient elements under aeolian processes in the Otindag Desert, China

Abstract The heterogeneity of the composition of surface soils that are affected by aeolian processes plays important roles in ecological evolution and the occurrence of aeolian desertification in fragile ecological zones, but the associated mechanisms are poorly understood. Using field investigation, wind tunnel experiments, and particle size and element analyses, we discuss the variation in the nutrient elements of surface soils that forms in the presence of aeolian processes of four vegetation species (Caragana microphylla Lam, Artemisia frigida Willd. Sp. Pl., Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel. and Stipa grandis P. Smirn) growing in the Otindag Desert, China. These four vegetation communities correspond to increasing degrees of degradation. A total of 40 macro elements, trace elements, and oxides were measured in the surface soil and in wind-transported samples. The results showed that under the different degradation stages, the compositions and concentrations of nutrients in surface soils differed for the four vegetation species. Aeolian processes may cause higher heterogeneity and higher loss of soil nutrient elements for the communities of Artemisia frigida Willd. Sp. Pl., Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel, and Stipa grandis P. Smirn than for the Caragana microphylla Lam community. There was remarkable variation in the loss of nutrients under different aeolian transportation processes. Over the past several decades, the highest loss of soil elements occurred in the 1970s, whereas the loss from 2011 to the present was generally 4.0% of that in the 1970s. These results indicate that the evident decrease in nutrient loss has played an important role in the rehabilitation that has occurred in the region recently.

Black Carbon (Biochar) In Water/Soil Environments: Molecular Structure, Sorption, Stability, and Potential Risk.

Black carbon (BC) is ubiquitous in the environments and participates in various biogeochemical processes. Both positive and negative effects of BC (especially biochar) on the ecosystem have been identified, which are mainly derived from its diverse physicochemical properties. Nevertheless, few studies systematically examined the linkage between the evolution of BC molecular structure with the resulted BC properties, environmental functions as well as potential risk, which is critical for understanding the BC environmental behavior and utilization as a multifunctional product. Thus, this review highlights the molecular structure evolution of BC during pyrolysis and the impact of BC physicochemical properties on its sorption behavior, stability, and potential risk in terrestrial and aqueous ecosystems. Given the wide application of BC and its important role in biogeochemical processes, future research should focus on the following: (1) establishing methodology to more precisely predict and design BC properties on the basis of pyrolysis and phase transformation of biomass; (2) developing an assessment system to evaluate the long-term effect of BC on stabilization and bioavailability of contaminants, agrochemicals, and nutrient elements in soils; and (3) elucidating the interaction mechanisms of BC with plant roots, microorganisms, and soil components.

Effects of municipal wastewater on soil chemical properties in cultivating turfgrass using subsurface drip irrigation

ABSTRACTKnowing the concentrations of the nutrient elements in soils is important due to their toxic effect on humans and the environment. The aims of this study were to assess the effects of water quality, depths, and distances of lateral installation on soil chemical properties during turfgrass cultivation. A field experiment was conducted using a Split-Split-Plot design based on the randomized complete block (RCB) design with two treatments (well water and wastewater) and eight sub-treatments (45 and 60 cm distance of the laterals and 15, 20, 25, and 30 cm depths of laterals) in three replicates on a sandy loam soil, in Shahrekord, Iran. Soil samples were collected from 0 to 30 and 30 to 60 cm depth for measuring nitrate (NO3−), electrical conductivity (EC), and pH at the end of the experiment. During the experiment, fecal coliform was also measured at the soil surface. Results indicated that by increasing lateral distance, NO3− level increased in both layers. With installing laterals in deeper levels, NO3− concentration decreased at the beginning, then increased in the first layer, whereas in the second layer, NO3− concentration decreased. In addition, installing laterals in deeper depth caused an increase in soil EC in the top layer, but a decrease in the lower layer. However, the results showed that there was no significant effect of the treatments (well water and wastewater) and the sub-treatments (distance and depths of laterals) on soil pH. The results also show that with increasing laterals depth, fecal coliform level decreased at the soil surface.

基于激光诱导击穿光谱定量检测土壤中营养元素的研究

基于激光诱导击穿光谱定量检测土壤中营养元素的研究

Multivariate analysis of relationship between soil nutrient factors and fruit quality characte-ristic of 'Fuji' apple in two dominant production regions of China

The objective of this experiment is to probe into the influence of soil nutrient contents on fruit quality features of 'Fuji' apple, screen major soil nutrient factors affecting fruit quality features, clarify the suitable soil nutrient content for good fruit quality indicators, and to provide theoretical basis in reasonable orchard soil fertilizer application for improving fruit qua-lity in the Circum-Bohai and Loess Plateau apple production regions in China. The soil nutrient contents and 'Fuji' fruit qualities were respectively analyzed at 66 commercial 'Fuji' apple orchards standard rootstock in the Circum-Bohai and Loess Plateau apple production regions of 22 counties in China from 2010 to 2011. The partial least squares regression (PLS) was used to screen major soil nutrient elements affecting fruit quality, and to establish regression equation of relationship between fruit quality and major soil nutrition factors. Linear programming was used to obtain optimum proposals of soil nutrient elements for good apple quality. The results showed that alkaline hydrolytic N, available P, Ca, Fe, and Zn of soil were significantly higher while pH and available K were significantly lower in Circum-Bohai region than in Loess Plateau apple production region. Soluble solid content in Loess Plateau was higher than in Circum-Bohai; moreover, ratio of soluble solids content and titratable acidity was lower. The soil available B in the Circum-Bohai and Loess Plateau apple production regions had positive effect on fruit mass, and total N had negative effect on fruit firmness. The soluble solid contents in the Circum-Bohai were mainly negatively affected by total N and positively by available B, while positively affected by available Ca and negatively by alkaline hydrolytic N in the Loess Plateau region. The desired soil nutrients for good fruit qualities were high avai-lable B, pH and suitable available K in the Circum-Bohai, and low total N, high alkaline hydrolytic N, available K, Fe and suitable available Zn and B in the Loess Plateau region. It was the key technical measures in soil nutrient management for good fruit quality to increase available B and pH, adjust available K in the Circum-Bohai, and to enhance alkaline hydrolytic N, available K, Fe, and to decrease pH, and adjust available Zn and B in the Loess Plateau region.

Effect of Organic Compost Mulching on Orchard Soil Property

In order to increase the fruit yield and economic benefit, pesticides and fertilizers are overused in Chinese orchards, which leads to a series of environmental problem and food safety issues like water body pollution, organic content decrease. The effect and influence of various organic compost mulching on orchard soil property are discussed here, to improve soil ecological structure, utilize and circulate wastes resource rationally and increase the reservoir storage of orchard. The results showed that the mulching of the organic compost can decrease the surface soil bulk density apparently, loosen the soil and optimize its air permeability. Meanwhile, it can increase the nutrient elements in the soil, improve soil property and thus to boost the grow of the tree fruit and root as well as to improve the physical, chemical and biological property of soil. Along with the ever-increasing length of the compost substrate mulching, the organic content of the soil has been increased apparently, and the orchard soil property has been improved obviously, which has eased a series of environmental issues, increased the crop yield and improved the crop quality at the same time. It has increased the economic efficiency to some extent.

Few effects of invasive plants Reynoutria japonica, Rudbeckia laciniata and Solidago gigantea on soil physical and chemical properties

Biological invasions are an important problem of human-induced changes at a global scale. Invasive plants can modify soil nutrient pools and element cycling, creating feedbacks that potentially stabilize current or accelerate further invasion, and prevent re-establishment of native species.The aim of this study was to compare the effects of Reynoutria japonica, Rudbeckia laciniata and Solidago gigantea, invading non-forest areas located within or outside river valleys, on soil physical and chemical parameters, including soil moisture, element concentrations, organic matter content and pH. Additionally, invasion effects on plant species number and total plant cover were assessed. The concentrations of elements in shoots and roots of invasive and native plants were also measured. Split-plot ANOVA revealed that the invasions significantly reduced plant species number, but did not affect most soil physical and chemical properties. The invasions decreased total P concentration and increased N-NO3 concentration in soil in comparison to native vegetation, though the latter only in the case of R. japonica. The influence of invasion on soil properties did not depend on location (within- or outside valleys). The lack of invasion effects on most soil properties does not necessarily imply the lack of influence of invasive plants, but may suggest that the direction of the changes varies among replicate sites and there are no general patterns of invasion-induced alterations for these parameters. Tissue element concentrations, with the exception of Mg, did not differ between invasive and native plants, and were not related to soil element concentrations.

A preliminary test of catabolic nutrients in explanation of the puzzling treelessness of grassland in mesic Australia

AbstractThe puzzling exclusion of native trees from grassland under mesic climates can hypothetically be explained by nutritional regimes that make grasses competitively superior to trees. One hypothesis holds that where nutrient concentrations in soils allow catabolism to be as rapid as anabolism at the scale of the whole plant, photosynthates are respired instead of being allocated to stems, resulting in dominance of herbaceous over woody growth‐forms. This matching of catabolic and anabolic rates would depend on the ratios of catabolic to anabolic nutrient elements in soils at a particular site. We consequently investigated elemental concentrations of soils near boundaries between treeless grassland and eucalypt woodland in New South Wales, Australia. Soils were analysed for Be, Na, Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Sr, Mo, Cd, Ba and Pb. Based on our preliminary classification of nutrients as mainly catabolic (e.g. Cu) or mainly anabolic (e.g. Mn), the results showed that, relative to adjacent woodland, the soils under treeless grassland were naturally enriched in anabolic nutrients, but even more so in catabolic nutrients. Furthermore, the greater concentration of Mo – which can induce deficiency of the catabolic nutrient Cu – in soils under woodland than in soils under treeless grassland suggests that catabolic dystrophy allows eucalypt seedlings to prevail in competition with grasses. The results support the theory that where ratios of catabolic to anabolic nutrients are sufficient grasses will achieve competitive superiority over woody seedlings. Our study indicates that soil nutrient concentrations may partly explain the incidence of natural patches of treeless grassland in Australian landscapes otherwise dominated by woody plants.

三峡库区消落带落羽杉(Taxodium distichum)与柳树(Salix matsudana)人工植被对土壤营养元素含量的影响

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 三峡库区消落带落羽杉(Taxodium distichum)与柳树(Salix matsudana)人工植被对土壤营养元素含量的影响 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201504030672 作者: 作者单位: 西南大学,西南大学,西南大学,西南大学 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 重庆市林业重点科技攻关项目（渝林科研2015-6）；宁夏黄河流域生态体系优化构建技术合作研究（2011DFG32780）；重庆市基础与前沿研究计划重点项目（CSTC2013JJB00004）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（XDJK2013A011）；国家林业公益性行业科研专项（201004039）；留学回国人员科研启动基金（教外司留[2010-1561]）；中央财政林业科技推广示范项目（渝林科推[2014-10]）；重庆市研究生科研创新项目（CYS2015068） Effects of Taxodium distichum and Salix matsudana on the contents of nutrient elements in the hydro-fluctuation belt of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area Author: Affiliation: Southwest University,Southwest University,Southwest University,Southwest University Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:落羽杉与柳树被认为是三峡库区消落带植被修复的适生树种。2012年7月（T1）及2013年7月（T2）在消落带人工基地取样，研究了消落带人工植被（处理组）及裸地土壤（对照组）的营养元素含量，并对植被生长情况进行调查。结果表明：（1）对比处理组与对照组养分含量发现，T1时除土壤pH值外，其他养分含量在处理组与对照组间均存在差异。T2时只有pH值、磷（包括有效磷AP、全磷TP）、速效钾（AK）含量在处理组与对照组中差异显著。（2）对同一植被类型而言，T2时落羽杉土壤pH值与土壤有机质含量（OM）均显著低于T1，同样，T2时柳树实生土壤OM也显著降低；处理组土壤中碱解氮（AN）、AP、全钾（TK）含量极显著的低于淹水前，而TP含量却显著升高；与T1相比，T2时裸地土壤除AN含量降低、AK含量显著升高外，其它养分含量均未呈现显著差异。（3）相关性分析表明，土壤pH值与TP含量呈现极显著负相关，而OM与AN、AP、TK分别呈现出极显著正相关。AN、AP分别与TP表现出极显著负相关关系，而与TK表现出极显著正相关关系。TK与TP也呈现极显著的负相关关系。此外，植物高度、基径与冠幅三项生长指标与土壤中的pH值、OM、AN、AP（高度除外）、TK呈现出负相关的现象。研究表明，落羽杉与柳树人工植被对土壤养分的影响主要出现在水淹之前，进一步证实在三峡库区消落带开展科学的植被修复与重建值得提倡和肯定。 Abstract:The purpose of this study was to examine the dynamics of the chemical properties of soil in the water level fluctuating zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) region. In addition, the potential impact of vegetation reconstruction on water quality was investigated. Bald cypress (Taxodium distichum) and Chinese willow (Salix matsudana) are the two dominant species in the riparian zone of the TGR area. Soil samples were taken from vegetation planted below either T. distichum, S. matsudana (treatments), or bare soil (control) in July 2012 (T1) and July 2013 (T2), before flooding and after water flooding respectively. The following parameters were measured:soil pH, organic matter (OM), alkali hydrolysable nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK), and plant growth. The results showed that:(1) At T1, the treatment and control soil nutrient contents were significantly different, whilst pH did not differ between these groups. In contrast, at T2, only the pH, AP, TP, and AK showed significant differences between the treatments and control. (2) The pH value and OM content of T. distichum in T2, as well as OM content in S. matsudana in T2, were significantly lower than those in T1. After flooding (T1), although AN, AP, and TK contents below the experimental vegetation were significantly lower than the control, TP content was significantly increased. In contrast, at T2, besides an obvious decrease of AN content and a significant increase in AK, the other nutrient elements did not have any notable differences. (3) Correlation analysis showed that pH values were negatively correlated with TP, and OM showed a positive correlation with AN, AP, and TK. Furthermore, AN and AP were negatively correlated with TP and positively correlated with TK. TP and TK had a strong negative relationship. The three growth indices including height, diameter at breast height (DBH), and canopy cover were negatively correlated with soil nutrient elements, including pH, OM content, AN, AP (except height), and TK, while the height showed a positive correlation with TP. In conclusion, this study suggests that the effects of artificially vegetating soil appear only before flooding (T1), but no tafter water flooding (T2). Soil chemical properties under different treatments were homogeneous, which further confirms that artificial revegetation can improve the soil ecological environment with a low chance of eutrophication of the water body. However, there is the potential risk of phosphorus being released from the revegetation soil under S. matsudana, and therefore the detection of water phosphorus content is an important factor to take into consideration. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献